334 lines
28 KiB
XML
334 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e24777" ID-PMC="PMC5904518" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-6-24777" ID-PubMed="29674940" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-2828-6-e24777" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 6" ModsDocTitle="Dispatch from the field II: the mystery of the red and blue Opadometa male (Araneae, Tetragnathidae, Opadometasarawakensis)" checkinTime="1522824654430" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Miller, Jeremy A., Freund, Christian, Rambonnet, Liselotte, Koets, Lianne, Barth, Nadine, van der Linden, Corne, Geml, Jozsef, Schilthuizen, Menno, Burger, Richard & Goossens, Benoit" docDate="2018" docId="C982A94852130A3F5E55E8579EE3E52D" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 6: e24777" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 6" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e24777" docTitle="Opadometa sarawakensis Dzulhelmi & Suriyanti 2015" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="24777" masterDocId="F33DFFC8FF937242536AFF88FFA6FFA2" masterDocTitle="Dispatch from the field II: the mystery of the red and blue Opadometa male (Araneae, Tetragnathidae, Opadometasarawakensis)" masterLastPageNumber="24777" masterPageNumber="24777" pageNumber="24777" updateTime="1668124731896" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Dispatch from the field II: the mystery of the red and blue Opadometa male (Araneae, Tetragnathidae, Opadometasarawakensis)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Miller, Jeremy A.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Freund, Christian</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rambonnet, Liselotte</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Koets, Lianne</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Barth, Nadine</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>van der Linden, Corne</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Geml, Jozsef</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schilthuizen, Menno</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Burger, Richard</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Goossens, Benoit</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>6</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>24777</mods:start>
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<mods:end>24777</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e24777</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.6.e24777</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828-6-24777</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C982A94852130A3F5E55E8579EE3E52D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C982A94852130A3F5E55E8579EE3E52D" lastPageNumber="24777" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">
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<taxonomicName authority="Dzulhelmi & Suriyanti, 2015" authorityName="Dzulhelmi & Suriyanti" authorityYear="2015" class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Opadometa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opadometa sarawakensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarawakensis">Opadometa sarawakensis Dzulhelmi & Suriyanti, 2015</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Opadometa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opadometa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Opadometa</taxonomicName>
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sp. in
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<bibRefCitation author="Koh, J. K. H." journalOrPublisher="Opus Publications, Kota Kinabalu" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" title="Spiders of Borneo with Special Reference to Brunei" year="2014">Koh and Ming 2014</bibRefCitation>
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: p. 259-260.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Opadometa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opadometa sarawakensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarawakensis">Opadometa sarawakensis</taxonomicName>
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Dzulhelmi & Suriyanti, in
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<bibRefCitation author="Dzulhelmi, Muhammad Nasir" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici (Warszawa)" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" pagination="101 - 107" title="Two new Opadometa species (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) from Sarawak, Malaysia" volume="65" year="2015">Dzulhelmi et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
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: p. 102-103, figs 5-13. (Link to treatment on Plazi)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Materials</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-02-23" collectionCode="UMS, BORN" collectorName="Jeremy Miller and Christian Freund" country="Malaysia" latitude="5.41619" location="Danau Girang Field Centre trails" longitude="118.0426" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" specimenCode="DGFCW 2018022300" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="Other material">
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Type status:
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<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Other material</typeStatus>
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. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
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<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">DGFCW2018022300</specimenCode>
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; recordedBy:
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<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Jeremy Miller and Christian Freund</collectorName>
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; individualCount:
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<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">2</specimenCount>
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; sex:
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<specimenCount type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
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; lifeStage:
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<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">adult</specimenType>
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; Taxon: scientificName: Opadometasarawakensis Dzulhelmi & Suriyanti, 2015; Location: country:
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<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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; stateProvince: Sabah; locality:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C982A94852130A3F5E55E8579EE3E52D:57728B997F4F0FABD818E3DE1F94BF6E" country="Malaysia" latitude="5.41619" longitude="118.0426" name="Danau Girang Field Centre trails" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Danau Girang Field Centre trails</location>
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; verbatimElevation:
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<elevation pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">23 m</elevation>
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; decimalLatitude:
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<geoCoordinate orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" value="5.41619">5.41619</geoCoordinate>
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; decimalLongitude:
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<geoCoordinate orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" value="118.0426">118.0426</geoCoordinate>
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; Event: eventDate:
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<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" value="2018-02-23">2018-02-23</collectingDate>
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; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis; institutionCode:
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<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">UMS</collectionCode>
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; collectionCode:
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<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">BORN</collectionCode>
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; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-02-24" collectionCode="UMS, BORN" collectorName="Jeremy Miller, Christian Freund, Liselotte Rambonnet, Lianne Koets, Natasha Zulaikha, and Jozsef Geml" country="Malaysia" latitude="5.40999" location="Danau Girang Field Centre trails" longitude="118.04204" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" specimenCode="DGFCW 2018022402" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="Other material">
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Type status:
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<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Other material</typeStatus>
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. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
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<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">DGFCW2018022402</specimenCode>
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; recordedBy:
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<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Jeremy Miller, Christian Freund, Liselotte Rambonnet, Lianne Koets, Natasha Zulaikha, and Jozsef Geml</collectorName>
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||
; individualCount:
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||
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">1</specimenCount>
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||
; sex:
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||
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">female</specimenType>
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||
; lifeStage:
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||
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">adult</specimenType>
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||
; Taxon: scientificName: Opadometasarawakensis Dzulhelmi & Suriyanti, 2015; Location: country:
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||
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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||
; stateProvince: Sabah; locality:
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C982A94852130A3F5E55E8579EE3E52D:CB23602FA08253668C76E180C4AE1E86" country="Malaysia" latitude="5.40999" longitude="118.04204" name="Danau Girang Field Centre trails" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Danau Girang Field Centre trails</location>
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; verbatimElevation:
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<elevation pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">23 m</elevation>
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; decimalLatitude:
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<geoCoordinate orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" value="5.40999">5.40999</geoCoordinate>
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; decimalLongitude:
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||
<geoCoordinate orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" value="118.04204">118.04204</geoCoordinate>
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||
; Event: eventDate:
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||
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" value="2018-02-24">2018-02-24</collectingDate>
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||
; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis; institutionCode:
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||
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">UMS</collectionCode>
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||
; collectionCode:
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||
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">BORN</collectionCode>
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||
; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-02-26" collectionCode="UMS, BORN" collectorName="Jeremy Miller and Christian Freund" country="Malaysia" latitude="5.41623" location="Danau Girang Field Centre trails" longitude="118.04273" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" specimenCode="DGFCW 2018022611" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="Other material">
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Type status:
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<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Other material</typeStatus>
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||
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
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||
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">DGFCW2018022611</specimenCode>
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||
; recordedBy:
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||
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Jeremy Miller and Christian Freund</collectorName>
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||
; individualCount:
|
||
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">1</specimenCount>
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||
; sex:
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||
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">female</specimenType>
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; lifeStage:
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||
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">adult</specimenType>
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||
; Taxon: scientificName: Opadometasarawakensis Dzulhelmi & Suriyanti, 2015; Location: country:
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||
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
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||
; stateProvince: Sabah; locality:
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||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C982A94852130A3F5E55E8579EE3E52D:52C506132351FCEFA20D99433899FD91" country="Malaysia" latitude="5.41623" longitude="118.04273" name="Danau Girang Field Centre trails" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Danau Girang Field Centre trails</location>
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||
; verbatimElevation:
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||
<elevation pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">22 m</elevation>
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||
; decimalLatitude:
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||
<geoCoordinate orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" value="5.41623">5.41623</geoCoordinate>
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||
; decimalLongitude:
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||
<geoCoordinate orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" value="118.04273">118.04273</geoCoordinate>
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||
; Event: eventDate:
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||
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" value="2018-02-26">2018-02-26</collectingDate>
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||
; Record Level: institutionID: Universiti Malaysia Sabah; collectionID: Institute for Tropical Biology and Conservation, Borneensis; institutionCode:
|
||
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">UMS</collectionCode>
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||
; collectionCode:
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||
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">BORN</collectionCode>
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||
; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Male: from Sabah, Malaysia (DGFCW2018022300). Prosoma uniform orange. Eight eyes in two rows, with the medians closer together than to the laterals; posterior median eyes oriented slightly toward the front; lateral eyes touching. Sternum dusky orange, darker posteriorly. Chelicerae orange, enlarged, diverging distally, armed in front and basolaterally with strong macrosetae; macrosetae absent from frontal-basal region (Fig. 3); with 2 promarginal and 2 smaller retromarginal teeth. Legs without macrosetae; femur of legs I and IV orange, distal segments darker; legs II and III overall dark (Fig. 4a); femur IV with row of very long prolateral trichobothria along entire length (Fig. 3a, b).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Abdomen gray dorsally with silvery patches and an anteriodorsal dark spot, black posteriorly and ventrally with two posteriolateral and one ventral orange spot, with a small anteriolateral black spot and a larger posteriolateral black spot, which joins with the black ventral marking.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Palpal trochanter, femur, and tibia very long (Fig. 3c). Cymbial basal process projects posteriorly, tip curved retrolaterally. Paracymbiuim (P) thick basally with curved distal projection. Tegulum (T) somewhat bulbous. Conductor (C) envelops embolus, thick basally, tapering through spiral path, with basal secondary apophysis (CSA) (Fig. 5).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">
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Female: For description and diagnosis of female, see
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<bibRefCitation author="Dzulhelmi, Muhammad Nasir" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici (Warszawa)" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" pagination="101 - 107" title="Two new Opadometa species (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) from Sarawak, Malaysia" volume="65" year="2015">Dzulhelmi et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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(also available on
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Plazi’s">Plazi's</normalizedToken>
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treatmentBank here). Our observations of females from DGFC largely agree with the description in
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<bibRefCitation author="Dzulhelmi, Muhammad Nasir" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici (Warszawa)" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" pagination="101 - 107" title="Two new Opadometa species (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) from Sarawak, Malaysia" volume="65" year="2015">Dzulhelmi et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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(Figs 4b, 6, 7). We would only add that we observed a light distal brush on tibia II in addition to the heavy brushes found on tibiae I and IV (Figs 4b, 6).
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</paragraph>
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<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" type="measurements">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Measurements</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Male (DGFCW2018022300): Total length 2.8; carapace length 1.4, width 0.9; abdomen length 1.4, width 0.9, height 0.9.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Female (DGFCW2018022300): Total length 6.2; carapace length 3.6, width 2.4; abdomen length 5.0, width 2.8, height 2.7.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Female (DGFCW2018022402): Total length 8.1; carapace length 3.4, width 2.7; abdomen length 7.6, width 4.2, height 4.2.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Female (DGFCW2018022611): Total length 5.0; carapace length 3.5, width 2.1; abdomen length 4.4, width 2.6, height 2.6.</paragraph>
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</subSection>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Diagnosis</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">
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Cymbial basal process (CBP) of male palp projects initially posteriorly (Fig. 5c), distinguishing it from males illustrated from New Guinea and New Hebrides (presumably true
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<taxonomicName lsidName="O. grata" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="grata">O. grata</taxonomicName>
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; Fig. 1a, b, c, d, g) in which the CBP extends almost retrolaterally from the cymbium before curving distally; distinguished from males illustrated from further West in Southeast Asia (presumably true
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<taxonomicName lsidName="O. fastigata" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="fastigata">O. fastigata</taxonomicName>
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) by the length of the CBP, which is shorter and more gradually curved in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="O. sarawakensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="sarawakensis">O. sarawakensis</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 5c) than in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="O. fastigata" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="fastigata">O. fastigata</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 1e, f, h).
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Opadometa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opadometa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Opadometa</taxonomicName>
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males further distinguished by the base of the chelicerae, which project forward with large distally oriented macrosetae in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="O. fastigata" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="fastigata">O. fastigata</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 1j, k); absent in the male of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="O. sarawakensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="sarawakensis">O. sarawakensis</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 3c, d), which is naked at the base of the chelicerae, and also apparently absent in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="O. grata" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="grata">O. grata</taxonomicName>
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, although the lateral view of male
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Opadometa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opadometa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Opadometa</taxonomicName>
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from New Guinea and points East has never been illustrated (but see Fig. 1i). The male chelicerae of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. sarawakensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="sarawakensis">O. sarawakensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 3d) and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. grata" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="grata">O. grata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 1i) are divergent distally, not divergent in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. fastigata" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="fastigata">O. fastigata</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Males of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. sarawakensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="sarawakensis">O. sarawakensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be further distinguished from those of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. fastigata" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="fastigata">O. fastigata</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the orientation of the posterior median eyes (Fig. 3c), which are set further back in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. fastigata" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="fastigata">O. fastigata</taxonomicName>
|
||
and are oriented slightly posteriorly in lateral view (Fig. 1k). The secondary conductor apophysis (SCA) in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. sarawakensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="sarawakensis">O. sarawakensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 5a, b, d) appears to be shorter than in either
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. grata" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="grata">O. grata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 1b, c, g) or
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. fastigata" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="fastigata">O. fastigata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 1e, h). At 2.8, the total length of the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. sarawakensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="sarawakensis">O. sarawakensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to be intermediate between
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. fastigata" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="fastigata">O. fastigata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(1.86-2.06;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ono, H." journalOrPublisher="Memoires of the National Museum of Natural Science, Tokyo" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" pagination="435 - 470" title="Spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Ogasawara Islands, Japan" volume="47" year="2011">Ono 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. grata" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" rank="species" species="grata">O. grata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(3.2-3.5;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kulczynski, W." journalOrPublisher="Leiden Zool." pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" pagination="423 - 518" title="Spinnen aus Nord-Neu-Guinea. In: Nova Guinea. Resultats de l'expedition Scientifiqe neerlandaise a la Nouvelle Guinee en 1903 sous les auspices d'Arthur Wichmann" volume="3" year="1911">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kulczyński">Kulczynski</normalizedToken>
|
||
1911
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Chrysanthus, P." journalOrPublisher="Nova Guinea, Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" pagination="727 - 750" title="Spiders from south New Guinea V" volume="24" year="1963">Chrysanthus 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Distribution</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Opadometa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opadometa sarawakensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarawakensis">Opadometa sarawakensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from lowland dipterocarp forest in Bako National Park, Sarawak and Maliau Basin, Sabah, Malaysia (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dzulhelmi, Muhammad Nasir" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici (Warszawa)" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" pagination="101 - 107" title="Two new Opadometa species (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) from Sarawak, Malaysia" volume="65" year="2015">Dzulhelmi et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), Danau Girang Field Centre, Sabah, Malaysia, and wooded areas and disturbed forest in Brunei (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Koh, J. K. H." journalOrPublisher="Opus Publications, Kota Kinabalu" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" title="Spiders of Borneo with Special Reference to Brunei" year="2014">Koh and Ming 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" type="ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Ecology</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">
|
||
Trails around the Danau Girang Field Center were surveyed for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Opadometa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opadometa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Opadometa</taxonomicName>
|
||
and other medium to large orb weaving spiders during day and night searches.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Opadometa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opadometa sarawakensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarawakensis">Opadometa sarawakensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
was the largest orb-weaver encountered after
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Nephila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nephila" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nephila</taxonomicName>
|
||
(2 juveniles in the 10-12 mm size range; no adult
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Nephila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nephila" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nephila</taxonomicName>
|
||
were encountered during the survey, although they have been seen at other times); no other
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Opadometa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opadometa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Opadometa</taxonomicName>
|
||
species were encountered.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Opadometa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opadometa sarawakensis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sarawakensis">Opadometa sarawakensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
build open-hub webs with an inflection point so that the top half is more steeply inclined than the bottom half. The specific angles were quite different between the two webs measured (Fig. 8, Table 1). Webs are moderately open with relatively few radii and spirals, especially compared to the dense webs of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Nephila" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nephila" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nephila</taxonomicName>
|
||
. All
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Opadometa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opadometa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Opadometa</taxonomicName>
|
||
we encountered were found during the day with spiders either at the hub or web margin; night searches failed to discover any additional
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Opadometa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opadometa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Opadometa</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Despite dedicated searches over the few days and nights available,
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Opadometa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opadometa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Opadometa</taxonomicName>
|
||
seem to be quite rare in the forest of Danau Girang in February 2018. The Danau Girang Field Center is located within the Lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary, a narrow network of lowland riparian and riverine forest patches and corridors along the Kinabatangan River, surrounded by oil palm plantations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" type="sexual size dimorphism">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">Sexual size dimorphism</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="24777">
|
||
Sexual size dimorphism in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Tetragnathidae" genus="Opadometa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opadometa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="24777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Opadometa</taxonomicName>
|
||
is extreme. The male-female pair found together (DGFCW2018022300) have a female/male size ratio of 2.2, meaning the female is more than twice the total length of the male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |