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<document id="5515A3E31A82A65F6A4102BD260A60D8" ID-CLB-Dataset="27950" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4521.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="832ac35c-8871-4041-9321-ea7f2ae5eb41" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2610021" ID-ZooBank="A4FD6137-25B0-43D5-845B-B4FDF4E9F5D7" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553624231237" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shachar, Einat, Melika, George, Inbar, Moshe &amp; Dorchin, Netta" docDate="2018" docId="AC1F87FEFFF8FF9AFF61FE87FB63B5F8" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4521.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4521 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pseudoneuroterus Kinsey 1923" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="479" masterDocId="5026FF86FFE4FF86FFF6FFE8FFBAB733" masterDocTitle="The oak gall wasps of Israel (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) - diversity, distribution and life history" masterLastPageNumber="498" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="479" updateTime="1698713837181" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="AC32F614372C66178A380059CD485954">The oak gall wasps of Israel (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) - diversity, distribution and life history</mods:title>
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<treatment id="AC1F87FEFFF8FF9AFF61FE87FB63B5F8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5949985" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154498923" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5949985" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC1F87FEFFF8FF9AFF61FE87FB63B5F8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AC1F87FEFFF8FF9AFF61FE87FB63B5F8" lastPageNumber="479" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFF8FF9AFF61FE87FE09B6B9" box="[151,435,367,394]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="240936E8FFF8FF9AFF61FE87FE09B6B9" blockId="28.[151,435,367,394]" box="[151,435,367,394]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<heading id="7F418184FFF8FF9AFF61FE87FE09B6B9" bold="true" box="[151,435,367,394]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" reason="1">
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFF8FF9AFF61FE87FE09B6B9" bold="true" box="[151,435,367,394]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFF8FF9AFF61FE87FEC9B6BA" ID-CoL="72TD" ID-ENA="453332" authorityName="Kinsey" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,371,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Pseudoneuroterus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFF8FF9AFF61FE87FEC9B6BA" bold="true" box="[151,371,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Pseudoneuroterus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFF8FF9AFF61FE5EFCC4B524" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="240936E8FFF8FF9AFF61FE5EFDFBB6FD" blockId="28.[151,1436,438,715]" box="[151,577,438,463]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFF8FF9AFF61FE5EFE3DB6FC" bold="true" box="[151,391,438,463]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
Host plant in
<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFF8FF9AFECFFE5EFE38B6FC" box="[313,386,438,463]" name="Israel" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Israel</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFF8FF9AFE78FE5FFD83B6FD" baseAuthorityName="Sternlicht" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[398,569,438,462]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ithaburensis">
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFF8FF9AFE78FE5FFD83B6FD" box="[398,569,438,462]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Q. ithaburensis</emphasis>
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.
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFF8FF9AFF31FE32FCC4B524" blockId="28.[151,1436,438,715]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFF8FF9AFF31FE32FEE2B6C0" bold="true" box="[199,344,474,499]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Life history.</emphasis>
This species develops in cryptic, spherical bud galls,
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in diameter, which are composed of several fused units and covered by white velvety fuzz (
<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFF8FF9AFCEBFE16FCCBB524" box="[797,881,510,535]" captionStart="FIGURES 5358" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1666,1689]" captionTargetBox="[161,1435,193,1642]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[152,1435,193,1646]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 5358. Galls on Quercus ithaburensis. 53. Pseudoneuroterus sp. 2, sexual generation; 54. Cerroneuroterus lanuginosus, sexual generation; 55. Pseudoneuroterus macropterus, sexual generation; 56. Pseudoneuroterus sp. 1, sexual generation; 57. Pseudoneuroterus saliens, sexual generation; 58. Pseudoneuroterus saliens, asexual generation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610043/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFF8FF9AFF31FDCAFAFBB508" box="[199,1345,546,571]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" type="description">
<paragraph id="240936E8FFF8FF9AFF31FDCAFAFBB508" blockId="28.[151,1436,438,715]" box="[199,1345,546,571]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFF8FF9AFF31FDCAFEF3B508" bold="true" box="[199,329,546,571]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Phenology.</emphasis>
Galls were first observed in early February and adults emerged from them in early March.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFF8FF9AFF31FDAEFDCEB56D" box="[199,628,582,607]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="240936E8FFF8FF9AFF31FDAEFDCEB56D" blockId="28.[151,1436,438,715]" box="[199,628,582,607]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFF8FF9AFF31FDAEFEDAB56C" bold="true" box="[199,352,582,607]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFF8FF9AFE91FDAEFE10B56C" box="[359,426,582,607]" name="Israel" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Israel</collectingCountry>
: Hasharon Forest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFF8FF9AFF31FD82FB63B5F8" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="240936E8FFF8FF9AFF31FD82FB63B5F8" blockId="28.[151,1436,438,715]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFF8FF9AFF31FD82FEF5B5B0" bold="true" box="[199,335,618,643]" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Comments.</emphasis>
The galls of this species are somewhat similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFF8FF9AFC12FD83FEB7B594" authority="Melika, Stone &amp; Azizkhani" authorityName="Melika, Stone &amp; Azizkhani" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Dryocosmus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="479" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tavakolii">
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFF8FF9AFC12FD83FB60B5B0" box="[996,1242,619,643]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="479">Dryocosmus tavakolii</emphasis>
Melika, Stone &amp; Azizkhani
</taxonomicName>
, but adult morphology and molecular data (Shachar, unpulished) show that they belong in
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFF8FF9AFF61FD5AFED8B5F8" authorityName="Kinsey" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,354,690,715]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Pseudoneuroterus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="491" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudoneuroterus</taxonomicName>
. The species will be formally described once more material becomes available.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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