160 lines
17 KiB
XML
160 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="99DB0BD684CD281580A67EB68A34EFA5" ID-CLB-Dataset="27950" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4521.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="832ac35c-8871-4041-9321-ea7f2ae5eb41" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2610021" ID-ZooBank="A4FD6137-25B0-43D5-845B-B4FDF4E9F5D7" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553624231237" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shachar, Einat, Melika, George, Inbar, Moshe & Dorchin, Netta" docDate="2018" docId="AC1F87FEFFEEFF8CFF61FECFFD5CB404" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4521.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4521 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Andricus chodjaii Melika 2008" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="461" masterDocId="5026FF86FFE4FF86FFF6FFE8FFBAB733" masterDocTitle="The oak gall wasps of Israel (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) - diversity, distribution and life history" masterLastPageNumber="498" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="461" updateTime="1698713837181" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="983582A9EA66D363BFD51A1073C259B0">The oak gall wasps of Israel (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) - diversity, distribution and life history</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F69C12C744DA0C7EBF14A0C837D54E7E">Shachar, Einat</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="29AE9A1CE1A03E007347BCCF5C487DF8">Melika, George</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="90DDD5283B02D660D3FDADFBBA4BCD90">Inbar, Moshe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="072B41E38BDAE9C8F2094025C44817FC">Dorchin, Netta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="749545E6980E2A0AF591F1671BFB7249">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A18ACA84B7D05960EB0246A95C12BBFA">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5C780D853A03BF91E913615F3D8E61EF">2018-11-16</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="700FE1175121EE531C84239629BBC472">4521</mods:number>
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<treatment id="AC1F87FEFFEEFF8CFF61FECFFD5CB404" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5949857" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154498967" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5949857" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC1F87FEFFEEFF8CFF61FECFFD5CB404" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AC1F87FEFFEEFF8CFF61FECFFD5CB404" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFEEFF8CFF61FECFFDA2B671" box="[151,536,295,322]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFEEFF8CFF61FECFFDA2B671" blockId="10.[151,536,295,322]" box="[151,536,295,322]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<heading id="7F418184FFEEFF8CFF61FECFFDA2B671" bold="true" box="[151,536,295,322]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFF61FECFFDA2B671" authority="Melika, 2008" authorityName="Melika" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,536,295,322]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chodjaii">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFF61FECFFDA2B671" bold="true" box="[151,536,295,322]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFF61FECFFED5B672" bold="true" box="[151,367,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Andricus chodjaii</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="40274B19FFEEFF8CFE80FEC0FDA2B671" author="Tavakoli, M. & Melika, G. & Sadeghi, S. E. & Penzes, Z. & Assareh, M. A. & Atkinson, R. & Bechtold, M. & Miko, I. & Zargaran, M. R. & Aligolizade, D. & Barimani, H. & Bihari, P. & Pirozi, F. & Fulop, D. & Somogyi, K. & Challis, R. & Preuss, S. & Nicholls, J. & Stone, G. N." box="[374,536,296,322]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref36731" refString="Tavakoli, M., Melika, G., Sadeghi, S. E., Penzes, Z., Assareh, M. A., Atkinson, R., Bechtold, M., Miko, I., Zargaran, M. R., Aligolizade, D., Barimani, H., Bihari, P., Pirozi, F., Fulop, D., Somogyi, K., Challis, R., Preuss, S., Nicholls, J. & Stone, G. N. (2008) New species of oak gallwaps from Iran (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). Zootaxa, 1699, 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="2008">Melika, 2008</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFEEFF8CFF61FE86FED5B524" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFEEFF8CFF61FE86FCDEB6B4" blockId="10.[151,1436,366,823]" box="[151,868,366,391]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFF61FE86FE9CB6B4" bold="true" box="[151,294,366,391]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Host plants.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEEFF8CFEDBFE86FECAB6B4" box="[301,368,366,391]" name="Israel" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Israel</collectingCountry>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFE8CFE87FE46B6B5" box="[378,508,366,391]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="10" pageNumber="453" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="boissieri">
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Q.
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFE6AFE86FE46B6B5" box="[412,508,366,390]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">boissieri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEEFF8CFDFDFE86FDE1B6B4" box="[523,603,366,391]" name="Turkey" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEEFF8CFD64FE87FD79B6B5" box="[658,707,367,390]" name="Iran" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Iran</collectingCountry>
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:
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFD3BFE87FCDEB6B4" box="[717,868,367,391]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFD3BFE87FCDBB6B4" box="[717,865,367,391]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="infectoria">Q. infectoria</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFEEFF8CFF31FE7AFED5B524" blockId="10.[151,1436,366,823]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFF31FE7AFEE2B698" bold="true" box="[199,344,402,427]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Life history.</emphasis>
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Known only from the bud galls of the asexual generation. The gall develops on the acorn-cup, is ellipsoid, multi-chambered, up to
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<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFEEFF8CFDE6FE5FFDE4B6FD" box="[528,606,439,463]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
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in diameter, and covered by short spines of up to
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<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFEEFF8CFB73FE5FFB7CB6FD" box="[1157,1222,439,463]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
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in length (
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<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFEEFF8CFACAFE5EFA35B6FC" box="[1340,1423,438,463]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–16" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1669,1692]" captionTargetBox="[152,1427,193,1639]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[152,1427,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 11–16. Asexual generation galls on Quercus boissieri. 11. Andricus curtisii; 12. Andricus chodjaii; 13. Andricus quercustozae, young gall; 14. Andricus quercustozae, mature gall; 15. Andricus coriarius, mature gall; 16. Andricus coriarius, old gall." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610027/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
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). The gall turns from green to white as it matures, at which point the spines are easily detached from it, leaving purple dots behind.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFEEFF8CFF31FDCAFAA7B56C" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFEEFF8CFF31FDCAFAA7B56C" blockId="10.[151,1436,366,823]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFF31FDCAFEF3B508" bold="true" box="[199,329,546,571]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Phenology.</emphasis>
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Galls become visible from mid-August and adults emerge in November-December (
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<bibRefCitation id="40274B19FFEEFF8CFB0CFDCAFF6EB56C" author="Tavakoli, M. & Melika, G. & Sadeghi, S. E. & Penzes, Z. & Assareh, M. A. & Atkinson, R. & Bechtold, M. & Miko, I. & Zargaran, M. R. & Aligolizade, D. & Barimani, H. & Bihari, P. & Pirozi, F. & Fulop, D. & Somogyi, K. & Challis, R. & Preuss, S. & Nicholls, J. & Stone, G. N." pageId="10" pageNumber="461" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref36731" refString="Tavakoli, M., Melika, G., Sadeghi, S. E., Penzes, Z., Assareh, M. A., Atkinson, R., Bechtold, M., Miko, I., Zargaran, M. R., Aligolizade, D., Barimani, H., Bihari, P., Pirozi, F., Fulop, D., Somogyi, K., Challis, R., Preuss, S., Nicholls, J. & Stone, G. N. (2008) New species of oak gallwaps from Iran (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). Zootaxa, 1699, 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="2008">
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Tavakoli
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFA92FDCBFA2EB508" box="[1380,1428,547,571]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">et al</emphasis>
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. 2008
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</bibRefCitation>
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). Some galls drop from the tree and the wasps complete their development in them on the ground.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFEEFF8CFF38FD82FB17B5B0" box="[206,1197,618,643]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFEEFF8CFF38FD82FB17B5B0" blockId="10.[151,1436,366,823]" box="[206,1197,618,643]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFF38FD82FEDDB5B0" bold="true" box="[206,359,618,643]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEEFF8CFE98FD82FE0AB5B0" box="[366,432,618,643]" name="Israel" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Israel</collectingCountry>
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: Rare, found only in Allone HaBashan. Elsewhere:
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEEFF8CFC05FD83FB9AB5B1" box="[1011,1056,619,642]" name="Iran" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Iran</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEEFF8CFBA1FD82FB13B5B0" box="[1111,1193,618,643]" name="Turkey" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFEEFF8CFF31FD66FD5CB404" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFEEFF8CFF31FD66FD5CB404" blockId="10.[151,1436,366,823]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFF31FD66FEF5B594" bold="true" box="[199,335,654,679]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Comments.</emphasis>
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Galls of this species are somewhat similar to galls of the asexual generation of
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFB3CFD67FA80B595" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[1226,1338,654,678]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucidus">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFB3CFD67FA80B595" box="[1226,1338,654,678]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">A. lucidus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFEEFF8CFABFFD66FA36B594" box="[1353,1420,654,679]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–10" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1711,1734]" captionTargetBox="[137,1416,199,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[137,1416,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 5–10. Galls on Quercus boissieri. 5. Andricus lucidus, asexual generation (arrow) and Andricus moreae, asexual generation (bottom); 6. Andricus cecconii, asexual generation; 7. Andricus caputmedusae, asexual generation, young gall; 8. Andricus caputmedusae, asexual generation, mature gall; 9. Andricus grossulariae, asexual generation; 10. Andricus hystrix, asexual generation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610025/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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), but
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFF30FD5BFE81B5F8" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[198,315,691,715]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucidus">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFF30FD5BFE81B5F8" box="[198,315,691,715]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">A. lucidus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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galls have numerous longer spines, are green and covered by sticky resin, whereas galls of
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFA72FD5BFF49B5DD" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chodjaii">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFA72FD5BFF49B5DD" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">A. chodjaii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are not sticky. This gall is hardly distinguishable from that of
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFC35FD3FFB60B5DC" authority="(Wachtl)" baseAuthorityName="Wachtl" box="[963,1242,726,751]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seckendorffi">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFC35FD3FFBD7B5DD" box="[963,1133,726,750]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">A. seckendorffi</emphasis>
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(Wachtl)
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</taxonomicName>
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, which is known from Europe and
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEEFF8CFEACFD12FE11B420" box="[346,427,762,787]" name="Turkey" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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, and where these species occur together they can be distinguished from each other only on the basis of adult morphology (
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<bibRefCitation id="40274B19FFEEFF8CFE02FCF6FD60B404" author="Tavakoli, M. & Melika, G. & Sadeghi, S. E. & Penzes, Z. & Assareh, M. A. & Atkinson, R. & Bechtold, M. & Miko, I. & Zargaran, M. R. & Aligolizade, D. & Barimani, H. & Bihari, P. & Pirozi, F. & Fulop, D. & Somogyi, K. & Challis, R. & Preuss, S. & Nicholls, J. & Stone, G. N." box="[500,730,798,823]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref36731" refString="Tavakoli, M., Melika, G., Sadeghi, S. E., Penzes, Z., Assareh, M. A., Atkinson, R., Bechtold, M., Miko, I., Zargaran, M. R., Aligolizade, D., Barimani, H., Bihari, P., Pirozi, F., Fulop, D., Somogyi, K., Challis, R., Preuss, S., Nicholls, J. & Stone, G. N. (2008) New species of oak gallwaps from Iran (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). Zootaxa, 1699, 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="2008">
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Tavakoli
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFDA8FCF7FD35B405" box="[606,655,798,822]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">et al</emphasis>
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. 2008
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</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |