185 lines
22 KiB
XML
185 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document id="53D0947EFC5F9B6D5019C38724E73706" ID-CLB-Dataset="27950" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4521.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="832ac35c-8871-4041-9321-ea7f2ae5eb41" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2610021" ID-ZooBank="A4FD6137-25B0-43D5-845B-B4FDF4E9F5D7" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553624231237" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shachar, Einat, Melika, George, Inbar, Moshe & Dorchin, Netta" docDate="2018" docId="AC1F87FEFFEEFF8CFF61FC62FA8FB1A5" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4521.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4521 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Andricus coriariformis Melika, Challis & Stone 2008" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="461" masterDocId="5026FF86FFE4FF86FFF6FFE8FFBAB733" masterDocTitle="The oak gall wasps of Israel (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) - diversity, distribution and life history" masterLastPageNumber="498" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="461" updateTime="1698713837181" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="11F4DCE3EBB24664F4C5A51F506B35DD">The oak gall wasps of Israel (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) - diversity, distribution and life history</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="998A30275AA7D14272E341C167A51EEB">Shachar, Einat</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E7B4539F7DD10560C4CB9C7AD3B9E82F">Melika, George</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AD6F25D4407ADEF2EC41A5283FEB10BF">Inbar, Moshe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FE3B617C8B5FB809B6F8FFAEEC14AE37">Dorchin, Netta</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="AC1F87FEFFEEFF8CFF61FC62FA8FB1A5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5949859" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154498970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5949859" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC1F87FEFFEEFF8CFF61FC62FA8FB1A5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AC1F87FEFFEEFF8CFF61FC62FA8FB1A5" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFEEFF8CFF61FC62FC9DB497" box="[151,807,906,932]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFEEFF8CFF61FC62FC9DB497" blockId="10.[151,807,906,932]" box="[151,807,906,932]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<heading id="7F418184FFEEFF8CFF61FC62FC9DB497" bold="true" box="[151,807,906,932]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFF61FC62FC9DB497" authority="Melika, Challis & Stone, 2008" authorityName="Melika, Challis & Stone" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,807,906,932]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coriariformis">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFF61FC62FC9DB497" bold="true" box="[151,807,906,932]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFF61FC62FE16B497" bold="true" box="[151,428,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Andricus coriariformis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="40274B19FFEEFF8CFE42FC62FC9DB497" author="Stone, G. N. & Atkinson, R. J. & Rokas, A. & Nieves Aldrey, J. L. & Melika, G. & Acs, Z. & Csoka, G. & Hayward, A. & Bailey, R. & Buckee, C. & McVean, G. A. T." box="[436,807,906,932]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" pagination="652 - 665" refId="ref36370" refString="Stone, G. N., Atkinson, R. J., Rokas, A., Nieves Aldrey, J. L., Melika, G., Acs, Z., Csoka, G., Hayward, A., Bailey, R., Buckee, C. & McVean, G. A. T. (2008) Evidence for widespread cryptic sexual generations in apparently purely asexual Andricus gallwasps. Molecular Ecology, 17, 652 - 665. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 294 X. 2007.03573. x" type="journal article" year="2008">Melika, Challis & Stone, 2008</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFEEFF8CFF61FC39FE51B23A" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFEEFF8CFF61FC39FAFAB4DA" blockId="10.[151,1436,977,1686]" box="[151,1344,977,1002]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFF61FC39FE9CB4D9" bold="true" box="[151,294,977,1002]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Host plants.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEEFF8CFEDBFC39FECAB4D9" box="[301,368,977,1002]" name="Israel" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Israel</collectingCountry>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFE8CFC3AFE67B4DA" box="[378,477,977,1001]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFE8CFC3AFE67B4DA" box="[378,477,977,1001]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Q. libani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(sexual generation) and
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFD04FC3AFCCEB4DA" box="[754,884,977,1001]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="boissieri">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFD04FC3AFCCEB4DA" box="[754,884,977,1001]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Q. boissieri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(asexual generation).
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEEFF8CFB98FC3AFB25B4DA" box="[1134,1183,978,1001]" name="Iran" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Iran</collectingCountry>
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:
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFB5FFC3AFAFAB4DA" box="[1193,1344,977,1001]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFB5FFC3AFA86B4DA" box="[1193,1340,977,1001]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="infectoria">Q. infectoria</taxonomicName>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFEEFF8CFF31FC1DFE51B23A" blockId="10.[151,1436,977,1686]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFF31FC1DFEE7B33D" bold="true" box="[199,349,1013,1038]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Life history.</emphasis>
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Prior to the present study, only the asexual generation of this species was known and the association between it and the sexual generations is established here for the first time. Galls of the sexual generation develop in catkin galls of oaks from section
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFCE1FBD6FCE5B366" box="[791,863,1086,1109]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Cerris</emphasis>
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, are up to
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<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFEEFF8CFC29FBD5FB98B366" box="[991,1058,1085,1110]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
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long, conical, pointy and singlechambered, usually in clusters (as in
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<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFEEFF8CFDC9FB89FD2FB349" box="[575,661,1121,1146]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–52" captionStartId="39.[151,264,1677,1700]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1656]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[151,1435,193,1657]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 47–52. Sexual generation galls on Quercus ithaburensis. 47. Andricus cecconii; 48. Same, old gall; 49. Andricus grossulariae, young galls; 50. Andricus grossulariae, old galls (arrow); 51. Andricus vindobonensis; 52. Andricus coriarius." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610041/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Fig. 49</figureCitation>
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). They are light green and soft when very young, turning bright red when mature. Galls of the asexual generation develop on oaks from section
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFC1DFB6EFBF3B3AE" box="[1003,1097,1158,1181]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFC1DFB6EFBF3B3AE" box="[1003,1097,1158,1181]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Quercus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, are up to
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<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFEEFF8CFB37FB6EFAAAB3AE" box="[1217,1296,1158,1182]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
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in diameter, usually composed of three splayed, thick and smooth lobes, each ending in a few elongate projections pointing in the same direction and only slightly curved (
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<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFEEFF8CFD6AFB25FD48B3D5" box="[668,754,1229,1254]" captionStart="FIGURES 17–22" captionStartId="34.[151,264,1664,1687]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,193,1641]" captionTargetId="figure@34.[152,1435,193,1644]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIGURES 17–22. Galls on Quercus boissieri. 17. Andricus coriariformis, asexual generation; 18. Andricus moreae, asexual generation; 19. Andricus sp. 1, asexual generation; 20. Andricus sternlichti, asexual generation; 21. Andricus megatruncicolus, asexual generation; 22. Biorhiza pallida, sexual generation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610029/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
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). The gall is green when young, turning pale straw-yellow, hard and woody when mature.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFEEFF8CFF31FAFDFCFFB245" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" type="description">
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFEEFF8CFF31FAFDFCFFB245" blockId="10.[151,1436,977,1686]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFF31FAFDFEF3B21D" bold="true" box="[199,329,1301,1326]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Phenology.</emphasis>
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Galls of the sexual generation begin to develop in March-April and adults emerge from them in May. Galls of the asexual generation begin to develop in August and adults emerge from them in January-February, after which the galls may remain on the tree for several years
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFEEFF8CFF31FA69FCC1B28D" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFEEFF8CFF31FA69FCC1B28D" blockId="10.[151,1436,977,1686]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFF31FA69FEDAB2A9" bold="true" box="[199,352,1409,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Distribution.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEEFF8CFE91FA69FE10B2A9" box="[359,426,1409,1434]" name="Israel" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Israel</collectingCountry>
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: Mt. Hermon
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<date id="50081028FFEEFF8CFDB3FA69FD51B2A9" box="[581,747,1409,1434]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" value="1500" valueMax="1780">
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1500 and
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<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFEEFF8CFD45FA6AFD51B2A9" box="[691,747,1410,1434]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.78" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" unit="m" value="1780.0">1780</quantity>
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</date>
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m.a.s.l. Elsewhere: galls of the asexual generation are known from
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEEFF8CFF22FA4EFEBBB28E" box="[212,257,1446,1469]" name="Iran" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Iran</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEEFF8CFECEFA4DFE32B28D" box="[312,392,1445,1470]" name="Turkey" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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||
(
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<bibRefCitation id="40274B19FFEEFF8CFE60FA4DFDC1B28D" author="Tavakoli, M. & Melika, G. & Sadeghi, S. E. & Penzes, Z. & Assareh, M. A. & Atkinson, R. & Bechtold, M. & Miko, I. & Zargaran, M. R. & Aligolizade, D. & Barimani, H. & Bihari, P. & Pirozi, F. & Fulop, D. & Somogyi, K. & Challis, R. & Preuss, S. & Nicholls, J. & Stone, G. N." box="[406,635,1445,1470]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref36731" refString="Tavakoli, M., Melika, G., Sadeghi, S. E., Penzes, Z., Assareh, M. A., Atkinson, R., Bechtold, M., Miko, I., Zargaran, M. R., Aligolizade, D., Barimani, H., Bihari, P., Pirozi, F., Fulop, D., Somogyi, K., Challis, R., Preuss, S., Nicholls, J. & Stone, G. N. (2008) New species of oak gallwaps from Iran (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). Zootaxa, 1699, 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="2008">
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Tavakoli
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFDF6FA4EFD88B28E" box="[512,562,1445,1469]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">et al</emphasis>
|
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. 2008
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
;
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<bibRefCitation id="40274B19FFEEFF8CFD70FA4EFCD5B28D" author="Mutun, S. & Dinc, S." box="[646,879,1445,1470]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" pagination="962 - 964" refId="ref35034" refString="Mutun, S. & Dinc, S. (2015) Twelve oak gall wasp species (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) new to the Turkish fauna. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 39 (5), 962 - 964. https: // doi. org / 10.3906 / zoo- 1409 - 7" type="journal article" year="2015">Mutun & Dinç 2015</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFEEFF8CFF31FA21FA8FB1A5" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFEEFF8CFF31FA21FA8FB1A5" blockId="10.[151,1436,977,1686]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFF31FA21FEF5B2D1" bold="true" box="[199,335,1481,1506]" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Comments.</emphasis>
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Galls of the asexual generation of this species may be confused with those of
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFB24FA22FAE0B2D2" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[1234,1370,1482,1505]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coriarius">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFB24FA22FAE0B2D2" box="[1234,1370,1482,1505]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">A. coriarius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFEEFF8CFA9CFA21FF5AB135" captionStart="FIGURES 11–16" captionStartId="33.[151,264,1669,1692]" captionTargetBox="[152,1427,193,1639]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[152,1427,193,1639]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 11–16. Asexual generation galls on Quercus boissieri. 11. Andricus curtisii; 12. Andricus chodjaii; 13. Andricus quercustozae, young gall; 14. Andricus quercustozae, mature gall; 15. Andricus coriarius, mature gall; 16. Andricus coriarius, old gall." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610027/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Figs 15–16</figureCitation>
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), but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFED6FA06FE1CB136" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[288,422,1518,1541]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coriarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFED6FA06FE1CB136" box="[288,422,1518,1541]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">A. coriarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
galls have more numerous spine-like projections that vary in length unlike the three thick lobes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFF08F9FAFE19B11A" box="[254,419,1553,1577]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coriaformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFF08F9FAFE19B11A" box="[254,419,1553,1577]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">A. coriaformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
galls. Galls of the sexual generation are very similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFB57F9FAFAEBB11A" authorityName="Giraud" authorityYear="1859" box="[1185,1361,1553,1577]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grossulariae">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFB57F9FAFAEBB11A" box="[1185,1361,1553,1577]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">A. grossulariae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFA77F9FAFE9BB17E" baseAuthorityName="Sternlicht" baseAuthorityYear="1968" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ithaburensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFA77F9FAFE9BB17E" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Q. ithaburensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFEEFF8CFED9F9DDFE15B17D" box="[303,431,1589,1614]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–52" captionStartId="39.[151,264,1677,1700]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1656]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[151,1435,193,1657]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 47–52. Sexual generation galls on Quercus ithaburensis. 47. Andricus cecconii; 48. Same, old gall; 49. Andricus grossulariae, young galls; 50. Andricus grossulariae, old galls (arrow); 51. Andricus vindobonensis; 52. Andricus coriarius." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610041/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Figs 49–50</figureCitation>
|
||
) but are found on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFD8BF9DEFD5AB17E" box="[637,736,1589,1613]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFD8BF9DEFD5AB17E" box="[637,736,1589,1613]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Q. libani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Molecular data suggest that adults reared from these galls are genetically identical to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFDD6F9B2FD61B142" box="[544,731,1625,1649]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coriariformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFDD6F9B2FD61B142" box="[544,731,1625,1649]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">A. coriariformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Shachar, unpublished data) and thus represent the sexual generation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFEC4F996FE5CB1A6" box="[306,486,1661,1685]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coriariformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFEC4F996FE5CB1A6" box="[306,486,1661,1685]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">A. coriariformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, hence the species is now known from galls and adults of both generations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |