200 lines
24 KiB
XML
200 lines
24 KiB
XML
<document id="E9A986D12BF93BA0789D7DBC71F25D81" ID-CLB-Dataset="27950" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4521.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="832ac35c-8871-4041-9321-ea7f2ae5eb41" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2610021" ID-ZooBank="A4FD6137-25B0-43D5-845B-B4FDF4E9F5D7" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553624231237" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shachar, Einat, Melika, George, Inbar, Moshe & Dorchin, Netta" docDate="2018" docId="AC1F87FEFFECFF8FFF61F882FC7FB40B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4521.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4521 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Andricus caputmedusae" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="460" masterDocId="5026FF86FFE4FF86FFF6FFE8FFBAB733" masterDocTitle="The oak gall wasps of Israel (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) - diversity, distribution and life history" masterLastPageNumber="498" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="459" updateTime="1698713837181" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="4695CBDCD4FDF3F4D5F0F7AEB2EAC751" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="08375738715846FB172FE4DFF3092619">
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<mods:title id="942BEFFED1DDDC5C55EBF5C7C1D45EE5">The oak gall wasps of Israel (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) - diversity, distribution and life history</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8F6113D70F276D4590CCA06B4DAF71EE">Shachar, Einat</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="6A1D38CCB8ED26262ABF4FBFC37EB4F4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="59ECDADB35DE8FB13DF28BFF80A17890">Melika, George</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B6AE9B837E636A62CFF4648FBA378A6B">Inbar, Moshe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="00F8C0F09F76AED9DBF93D65BF0491A1" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="DA40E12423F740499FA2E027C8DE63B2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="41ACBDEB3F621B01D0D76F9CCC08CB65">Dorchin, Netta</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="6639B310D0D716C9268F2EE18976DCA0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C200D86EAAD5C886289A90DF4C51F336">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="18360D996A0A286DEE10A1A1FC4A9B77">
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<mods:date id="4A044404B26234C771BB5E061009C3A0">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B8BEC54C8FFCD6B570BED80C3D8905FE">2018-11-16</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="70EB088330F44A5154E107BA0A9E68A5" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="9FF51F2F7AE50DC05B8406237B9A08B7">4521</mods:number>
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<treatment id="AC1F87FEFFECFF8FFF61F882FC7FB40B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5949853" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154498971" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5949853" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC1F87FEFFECFF8FFF61F882FC7FB40B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AC1F87FEFFECFF8FFF61F882FC7FB40B" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="460" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
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<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFECFF8EFF61F882FDCAB0B6" box="[151,624,1898,1925]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61F882FDCAB0B6" blockId="8.[151,624,1898,1925]" box="[151,624,1898,1925]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
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<heading id="7F418184FFECFF8EFF61F882FDCAB0B6" bold="true" box="[151,624,1898,1925]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFF61F882FDCAB0B6" authority="(Hartig, 1843)" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[151,624,1898,1925]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caputmedusae">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFF61F882FDCAB0B6" bold="true" box="[151,624,1898,1925]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFF61F882FE00B0B7" bold="true" box="[151,442,1898,1924]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Andricus caputmedusae</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="40274B19FFECFF8EFE3FF883FDD2B0B6" author="Hartig, T." box="[457,616,1899,1925]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" pagination="395 - 422" refId="ref33881" refString="Hartig, T. (1843) Zweiter nachtrag zur naturgeschichte der Gallwespen. Zeitschrift fur Entomologie, 4, 395 - 422." type="journal article" year="1843">Hartig, 1843</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFECFF8FFF61F859FED3B52B" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="460" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61F859FB3BB0DE" blockId="8.[151,1436,1969,2030]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFF61F859FE9AB0F9" bold="true" box="[151,288,1969,1994]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Host plants</emphasis>
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.
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFECFF8EFED8F859FECBB0F9" box="[302,369,1969,1994]" name="Israel" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Israel</collectingCountry>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFE8AF85AFE45B0FA" box="[380,511,1969,1993]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="boissieri">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFE8AF85AFE45B0FA" box="[380,511,1969,1993]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Q. boissieri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Europe: common on
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFD0BF85AFCCCB0FA" box="[765,886,1970,1993]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="petraea">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFD0BF85AFCCCB0FA" box="[765,886,1970,1993]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Q. petraea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFC5BF85AFBF9B0FA" box="[941,1091,1969,1993]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubescens">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFC5BF85AFBF9B0FA" box="[941,1091,1969,1993]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Q. pubescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, occasionally on
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFAFCF85AFAD6B0FA" box="[1290,1388,1969,1993]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robur">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFAFCF85AFAD6B0FA" box="[1290,1388,1969,1993]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Q. robur</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFF61F83EFEA3B0DE" box="[151,281,2005,2029]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frainetto">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFF61F83EFEA3B0DE" box="[151,281,2005,2029]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Q. frainetto</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFED1F83EFE6FB0DE" box="[295,469,2005,2029]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dalechampii">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFED1F83EFE6FB0DE" box="[295,469,2005,2029]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Q. dalechampii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFDFDF83EFD04B0DE" box="[523,702,2005,2029]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hartwissiana">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFDFDF83EFD04B0DE" box="[523,702,2005,2029]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Q. hartwissiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFECFF8EFD3AF83EFCA4B0DD" box="[716,798,2006,2030]" name="Greece" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Greece</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFECFF8EFCDFF83DFCC3B0DD" box="[809,889,2005,2030]" name="Turkey" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFECFF8EFC59F83EFC5AB0DE" box="[943,992,2006,2029]" name="Iran" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Iran</collectingCountry>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFC1DF83EFBC0B0DE" box="[1003,1146,2005,2029]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="infectoria">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFC1DF83EFBC0B0DE" box="[1003,1146,2005,2029]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Q. infectoria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFEDFF8FFF31FF7FFED3B52B" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFF31FF7FFEE2B783" bold="true" box="[199,344,151,176]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Life history.</emphasis>
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Known only from the bud galls of the asexual generation. Molecular data suggest that the sexual generation of this species develops in cryptic bud galls currently attributed to the
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFBCAFF54FB6EB7E7" authorityName="Giraud" authorityYear="1859" box="[1084,1236,188,212]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="burgundus">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFBCAFF54FB6EB7E7" box="[1084,1236,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">A. burgundus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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complex or to
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFA72FF54FD55B7CB" authority="Melika, Stone, Sadeghi & Zargaran, 2008" authorityName="Melika, Stone, Sadeghi & Zargaran" authorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atkinsonae">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFA72FF54FEAAB7CB" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">A. atkinsonae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="40274B19FFEDFF8FFEEEFF37FD55B7CB" author="Tavakoli, M. & Melika, G. & Sadeghi, S. E. & Penzes, Z. & Assareh, M. A. & Atkinson, R. & Bechtold, M. & Miko, I. & Zargaran, M. R. & Aligolizade, D. & Barimani, H. & Bihari, P. & Pirozi, F. & Fulop, D. & Somogyi, K. & Challis, R. & Preuss, S. & Nicholls, J. & Stone, G. N." box="[280,751,223,248]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref36731" refString="Tavakoli, M., Melika, G., Sadeghi, S. E., Penzes, Z., Assareh, M. A., Atkinson, R., Bechtold, M., Miko, I., Zargaran, M. R., Aligolizade, D., Barimani, H., Bihari, P., Pirozi, F., Fulop, D., Somogyi, K., Challis, R., Preuss, S., Nicholls, J. & Stone, G. N. (2008) New species of oak gallwaps from Iran (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). Zootaxa, 1699, 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="2008">Melika, Stone, Sadeghi & Zargaran, 2008</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(as in
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<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFEDFF8FFCCBFF37FC34B7CB" box="[829,910,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–52" captionStartId="39.[151,264,1677,1700]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1656]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[151,1435,193,1657]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 47–52. Sexual generation galls on Quercus ithaburensis. 47. Andricus cecconii; 48. Same, old gall; 49. Andricus grossulariae, young galls; 50. Andricus grossulariae, old galls (arrow); 51. Andricus vindobonensis; 52. Andricus coriarius." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610041/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 52</figureCitation>
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||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="40274B19FFEDFF8FFC53FF08FBD1B7CB" author="Stone, G. N. & Atkinson, R. J. & Rokas, A. & Nieves Aldrey, J. L. & Melika, G. & Acs, Z. & Csoka, G. & Hayward, A. & Bailey, R. & Buckee, C. & McVean, G. A. T." box="[933,1131,224,248]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" pagination="652 - 665" refId="ref36370" refString="Stone, G. N., Atkinson, R. J., Rokas, A., Nieves Aldrey, J. L., Melika, G., Acs, Z., Csoka, G., Hayward, A., Bailey, R., Buckee, C. & McVean, G. A. T. (2008) Evidence for widespread cryptic sexual generations in apparently purely asexual Andricus gallwasps. Molecular Ecology, 17, 652 - 665. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 294 X. 2007.03573. x" type="journal article" year="2008">
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||
Stone
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||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFC18FF09FB9AB7CB" box="[1006,1056,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="40274B19FFEDFF8FFB80FF37FAE7B7CB" author="Tavakoli, M. & Melika, G. & Sadeghi, S. E. & Penzes, Z. & Assareh, M. A. & Atkinson, R. & Bechtold, M. & Miko, I. & Zargaran, M. R. & Aligolizade, D. & Barimani, H. & Bihari, P. & Pirozi, F. & Fulop, D. & Somogyi, K. & Challis, R. & Preuss, S. & Nicholls, J. & Stone, G. N." box="[1142,1373,223,248]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" pagination="1 - 64" refId="ref36731" refString="Tavakoli, M., Melika, G., Sadeghi, S. E., Penzes, Z., Assareh, M. A., Atkinson, R., Bechtold, M., Miko, I., Zargaran, M. R., Aligolizade, D., Barimani, H., Bihari, P., Pirozi, F., Fulop, D., Somogyi, K., Challis, R., Preuss, S., Nicholls, J. & Stone, G. N. (2008) New species of oak gallwaps from Iran (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini). Zootaxa, 1699, 1 - 64." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Tavakoli
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFB16FF09FAABB7CB" box="[1248,1297,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
). The gall of the asexual generation occupies the acorn and acorn cup, covering the entire surface of the acorn. Young galls consist of a circle of petal-like spines radiating from a young acorn cup. The fully developed spines in a mature gall originate as small bumps within this circle, gradually developing into long, twisted spines that are often branched, and reach
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||
<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFEDFF8FFE77FE98FE6BB6B4" box="[385,465,368,392]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
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in length. Individual galls may reach
|
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<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFEDFF8FFC76FE87FC02B6B4" box="[896,952,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="cm" value="6.0">6 cm</quantity>
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in diameter and are single-chambered, but aggregations of several galls may form a multi-chambered mass reaching
|
||
<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFEDFF8FFC39FE7CFBA9B69F" box="[975,1043,404,428]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. Young galls are bright pink and coated by sticky resin (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFEDFF8FFDF0FE5FFDF1B6E3" box="[518,587,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–10" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1711,1734]" captionTargetBox="[137,1416,199,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[137,1416,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 5–10. Galls on Quercus boissieri. 5. Andricus lucidus, asexual generation (arrow) and Andricus moreae, asexual generation (bottom); 6. Andricus cecconii, asexual generation; 7. Andricus caputmedusae, asexual generation, young gall; 8. Andricus caputmedusae, asexual generation, mature gall; 9. Andricus grossulariae, asexual generation; 10. Andricus hystrix, asexual generation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610025/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
), whereas mature galls are light brown and not sticky (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFEDFF8FFB4FFE5FFB47B6E3" box="[1209,1277,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–10" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1711,1734]" captionTargetBox="[137,1416,199,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[137,1416,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 5–10. Galls on Quercus boissieri. 5. Andricus lucidus, asexual generation (arrow) and Andricus moreae, asexual generation (bottom); 6. Andricus cecconii, asexual generation; 7. Andricus caputmedusae, asexual generation, young gall; 8. Andricus caputmedusae, asexual generation, mature gall; 9. Andricus grossulariae, asexual generation; 10. Andricus hystrix, asexual generation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610025/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). Some of the galls drop from the tree in fall and mature on the ground, whereas others remain on the tree after adult emergence and become black.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFEDFF8FFF31FDCCFADEB553" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFEDFF8FFF31FDCCFADEB553" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFF31FDCCFEF3B50E" bold="true" box="[199,329,548,573]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Phenology.</emphasis>
|
||
Galls become apparent in July and mature in the fall. Some adults emerge in late September-early October, while others emerge in February and March. A few enter diapause and emerge in the following year.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFEDFF8FFF31FD84FEFAB594" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFEDFF8FFF31FD84FEFAB594" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFF31FD84FEDAB5B6" bold="true" box="[199,352,620,645]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEDFF8FFE9EFD84FE11B5B6" box="[360,427,620,645]" name="Israel" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Mt. Hermon,
|
||
<date id="50081028FFEDFF8FFDA4FD84FD41B5B7" box="[594,763,620,645]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" value="1500" valueMax="1780">
|
||
1500 and
|
||
<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFEDFF8FFD35FD84FD41B5B7" box="[707,763,620,644]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.78" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="m" value="1780.0">1780</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
m.a.s.l., Mt. Kahal. Elsewhere: Widespread from Northern Europe to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEDFF8FFEFAFD78FE86B594" box="[268,316,656,679]" name="Iran" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFEDFF8FFF31FD5CFC7FB40B" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFEDFF8FFF31FD5CFC7FB40B" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,824]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFF31FD5CFEF5B5FE" bold="true" box="[199,335,692,717]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The galls of this species resemble galls of the asexual generation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFBA8FD5CFB61B5FF" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1901" box="[1118,1243,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cecconii">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFBA8FD5CFB61B5FF" box="[1118,1243,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">A. cecconii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the same oak host (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFEDFF8FFF21FD3FFEA7B5C3" box="[215,285,727,752]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–10" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1711,1734]" captionTargetBox="[137,1416,199,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[137,1416,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 5–10. Galls on Quercus boissieri. 5. Andricus lucidus, asexual generation (arrow) and Andricus moreae, asexual generation (bottom); 6. Andricus cecconii, asexual generation; 7. Andricus caputmedusae, asexual generation, young gall; 8. Andricus caputmedusae, asexual generation, mature gall; 9. Andricus grossulariae, asexual generation; 10. Andricus hystrix, asexual generation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610025/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
) (previously known as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFDDBFD30FB15B5C3" authority="Melika, Stone, Sadeghi & Pujade-Villar" authorityName="Melika, Stone, Sadeghi & Pujade-Villar" box="[557,1199,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megalucidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFDDBFD30FD67B5C3" box="[557,733,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">A. megalucidus</emphasis>
|
||
Melika, Stone, Sadeghi & Pujade-Villar
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, synonymized in the present paper) but differ from them in the branching, irregular, harder and more pointed spines, and in containing a single larval chamber, whereas galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFDA4FCC8FD74B404" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1901" box="[594,718,800,823]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cecconii">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFDA4FCC8FD74B404" box="[594,718,800,823]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">A. cecconii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are multi-chambered.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |