396 lines
44 KiB
XML
396 lines
44 KiB
XML
<document id="6CF86CB9B8AB078CD8AB5764F3183737" ID-CLB-Dataset="27950" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4521.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="832ac35c-8871-4041-9321-ea7f2ae5eb41" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2610021" ID-ZooBank="A4FD6137-25B0-43D5-845B-B4FDF4E9F5D7" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553624231237" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shachar, Einat, Melika, George, Inbar, Moshe & Dorchin, Netta" docDate="2018" docId="AC1F87FEFFE3FF8EFF61F93DFA26B39C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4521.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4521 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Cynipidae" docType="key" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="459" masterDocId="5026FF86FFE4FF86FFF6FFE8FFBAB733" masterDocTitle="The oak gall wasps of Israel (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) - diversity, distribution and life history" masterLastPageNumber="498" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="458" updateTime="1698713837181" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="FE67FE4AB220BE1E07681322FDC55BA6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="EED74F2372A2FA843FEECD060549CE48">
|
||
<mods:title id="C35F96D3F0FDF3724AB5DB955AC2DC48">The oak gall wasps of Israel (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) - diversity, distribution and life history</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="50DBE3CB68B8929B45CFFB9236C21EFF" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="0CEDA25CB9D6DD4FE7F73E9D6C44D466">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="E07BDBBE7C0638A9D4907EE331FE85BC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="E688EEBEC34A48BDF04451AEA57E0103">Shachar, Einat</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="359A56019936E6734CED28BCC517EA1A" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="AD11E9EF9B5CAC0292E590B89E91308C">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="C322EEB50488E44BC4FE41505A168762">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="7B4D28FAA3DB3D67DBAF019C99E1948E">Melika, George</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="00932625E9E77B3FFB4539F06094EDBC" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="D9C3DF5F41638B05F8126A49514820A5">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="5184E0B15E12C4C672F9A2DBA5B5F525">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="771E27D209F2DC9617D48A85A80FCFBA">Inbar, Moshe</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="101300A53DDB00EE6E7C752ED76C9B2B" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="EDFC3F61000FE8473E8A8A491ECBE87B">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="5F585AEE98771C14BD0C0201B021046A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="DD2E13FB2783A3919AC00DD625FD9A20">Dorchin, Netta</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="AAB887B891E64D1E90A217A2879E1AD1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="D771C76000AE391237D0A059AC988A6B" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="F73F4FE7EA6BF539D10E2DF0465C81A4">
|
||
<mods:title id="EF9A0772B7676C701F7C6644874A2DF3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="6BDFB880981C2A16A13DAAE9F816D84C">
|
||
<mods:date id="E6355CE61276F539402748418DA503B1">2018</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="B5AEECEF1F8293B80BB690467ABE84E2" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="3D97D161709D99CDACD707CE8A190CCF">2018-11-16</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="2D10892D984D86B30B51235306BF7F84" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="B9678DF6603D134A0BDBEE7959BC19BE">4521</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="E0D804D78B238404651C5FD68D90D767" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="0E9953029E820378492F08C2D8EEC58E">4</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="EC62401B157A875B087047272BA4EAB8" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="C8DCEA768B3385C2E18F1DA279CE388A">451</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="BD977392008ACCF3EA485C682AA48A35">498</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="AA7FF57D5E0824275B3DD3B7A1820B1A">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2FED03F9B854F7EE90BCDEE051068193" type="CLB-Dataset">27950</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="0BC7B68BAA9D393CC182B50F2955E1E4" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4521.4.1</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="A157FAD24FBBC22FC3BD937C7BF03DA4" type="GBIF-Dataset">832ac35c-8871-4041-9321-ea7f2ae5eb41</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="FEBCB8CCFFF4082737DB029BA0A49C3B" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="662C24E7FEB29EBD17F82E73C0778940" type="Zenodo-Dep">2610021</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="3C6675FDB08E13A6F9DE88442CA92DC6" type="ZooBank">A4FD6137-25B0-43D5-845B-B4FDF4E9F5D7</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="AC1F87FEFFE3FF8EFF61F93DFA26B39C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5949849" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154498905" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5949849" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC1F87FEFFE3FF8EFF61F93DFA26B39C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AC1F87FEFFE3FF8EFF61F93DFA26B39C" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="459" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFE3FF81FF61F93DFB2DB1DC" box="[151,1175,1749,1775]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFE3FF81FF61F93DFB2DB1DC" blockId="7.[151,1175,1749,1775]" box="[151,1175,1749,1775]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<heading id="7F418184FFE3FF81FF61F93DFB2DB1DC" bold="true" box="[151,1175,1749,1775]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFE3FF81FF61F93DFB2DB1DC" bold="true" box="[151,1175,1749,1775]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
Key to galls of Israeli oak
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFE3FF81FE2AF93DFDE7B1DC" ID-CoL="8VX" ID-ENA="73401" box="[476,605,1749,1775]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cynipidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFE3FF81FD7DF93DFC48B1DC" bold="true" box="[651,1010,1749,1775]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFE3FF81FD7DF93DFCC0B1DC" authorityName="Webb" authorityYear="1838" box="[651,890,1749,1775]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calliprinos">Quercus calliprinos</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFE3FF81FC7EF93DFC48B1DC" box="[904,1010,1749,1775]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">Q. libani</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFE3FF81FBD9F93DFB2DB1DC" box="[1071,1175,1749,1775]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerris">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFE3FF81FBD9F93DFB2DB1DC" bold="true" box="[1071,1175,1749,1775]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Q. cerris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFE3FF8EFF61F8F4FA26B39C" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="459" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" type="key">
|
||
<keyStep id="9F422E4DFFE3FF81FF61F8F4FA21B07D" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFE3FF81FF61F8F4FA21B002" blockId="7.[151,1436,1820,2017]" box="[151,1435,1820,1841]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFE3FF81FF61F8F4FA21B002" box="[151,1435,1820,1841]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
1. Galls on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFE3FF81FEC1F8F4FE06B002" ID-CoL="4R4H4" authorityName="Webb" authorityYear="1838" box="[311,444,1820,1841]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calliprinos">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFE3FF81FEC1F8F4FE06B002" box="[311,444,1820,1841]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Q. calliprinos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
................................................................................. 2
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFE3FF81FF61F8D1FA21B07D" blockId="7.[151,1436,1820,2017]" box="[151,1435,1849,1870]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFE3FF81FF61F8D1FA21B07D" box="[151,1435,1849,1870]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
- Gallson
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFE3FF81FEC1F8D1FE36B07D" ID-CoL="793Q3" box="[311,396,1849,1870]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFE3FF81FEC1F8D1FE36B07D" box="[311,396,1849,1870]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Q. libani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFE3FF81FE5AF8D1FDB8B07D" ID-CoL="4R4KH" box="[428,514,1849,1870]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerris">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFE3FF81FE5AF8D1FDB8B07D" box="[428,514,1849,1870]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Q. cerris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
............................................................................ 4
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="9F422E4DFFE3FF81FF61F8BEFA21B095" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFE3FF81FF61F8BEFA21B058" blockId="7.[151,1436,1820,2017]" box="[151,1435,1878,1899]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFE3FF81FF61F8BEFA21B058" box="[151,1435,1878,1899]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">2. Leaf galls............................................................................................ 3</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFE3FF81FF61F89CFA21B095" blockId="7.[151,1436,1820,2017]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFE3FF81FF61F89CFA21B095" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
- Branch galls. Spherical or elongate woody swelling,
|
||
<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFE3FF81FD2DF89CFCF8B0BA" box="[731,834,1908,1929]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="10.0">10–35 mm</quantity>
|
||
long...............................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFE3FF81FCD8F879FBF5B095" authority="Barbotin" authorityName="Barbotin" authorityYear="1985" box="[814,1103,1937,1958]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="razeti">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFE3FF81FCD8F879FC48B095" box="[814,1010,1937,1958]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Plagiotrochus razeti</emphasis>
|
||
Barbotin
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, asexual (fall) generation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFE3FF81FAB8F879FA2EB095" box="[1358,1428,1937,1958]" captionStart="FIGURES 71–74" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1203,1226]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,193,1182]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[152,1435,193,1182]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 71–74. Galls on various Quercus species. 71. Andricus miriami, sexual generation on Quercus libani; 72. Same, old gall; 73. Plagiotrochus razeti, asexual generation on Quercus calliprinos; 74. Plagiotrochus quercusilicis, sexual generation on Quercus calliprinos." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610049/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="9F422E4DFFE3FF8EFF61F846FA21B7F9" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="459" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFE3FF81FF61F846FA26B0D2" blockId="7.[151,1436,1820,2017]" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFE3FF81FF61F846FA26B0D2" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">
|
||
3. Gall is conspicuous swelling on both sides of leaf,
|
||
<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFE3FF81FD27F846FC97B0F0" box="[721,813,1966,1987]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="8.0">8–14 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, light green when young, red when mature, often in clusters, multi-chambered...................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFE3FF81FD33F824FB84B0D2" authority="(Fabricius)" authorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[709,1086,1996,2017]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="458" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusilicis">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFE3FF81FD33F824FC76B0D2" box="[709,972,1996,2017]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Plagiotrochus quercusilicis</emphasis>
|
||
(Fabricius)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, sexual (spring) generation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFE3FF81FAB9F824FA2FB0D2" box="[1359,1429,1996,2017]" captionStart="FIGURES 71–74" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1203,1226]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,193,1182]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[152,1435,193,1182]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 71–74. Galls on various Quercus species. 71. Andricus miriami, sexual generation on Quercus libani; 72. Same, old gall; 73. Plagiotrochus razeti, asexual generation on Quercus calliprinos; 74. Plagiotrochus quercusilicis, sexual generation on Quercus calliprinos." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610049/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="458">Fig. 74</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FF7FFA21B7F9" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FF7FFA21B7F9" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
- Gall is slender swelling on both sides of leaf,
|
||
<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFECFF8EFD6BFF7FFD6EB79F" box="[669,724,151,172]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, sometimes in clusters, single-chambered.......................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFC9AFF5DFB1DB7F9" authority="(Mayr)" authorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityName="Mayr" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[876,1191,181,202]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Plagiotrochus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coriaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFC9AFF5DFBE6B7F9" box="[876,1116,181,202]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Plagiotrochus coriaceus</emphasis>
|
||
(Mayr)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, asexual (fall) generation
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="9F422E4DFFECFF8EFF61FF3AFA21B637" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FF3AFA21B7D4" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" box="[151,1435,210,231]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FF3AFA21B7D4" box="[151,1435,210,231]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">4. Leaf galls............................................................................................ 5</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FF07FA21B637" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" box="[151,1435,239,260]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FF07FA21B637" box="[151,1435,239,260]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">- Bud, acorn or catkin galls............................................................................... 8</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="9F422E4DFFECFF8EFF61FEE5FA21B66F" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FEE5FA26B60C" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FEE5FA26B60C" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
5. Gall is large swelling of leaf midrib on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFDADFEE5FD0AB611" ID-CoL="793Q3" box="[603,688,269,290]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFDADFEE5FD0AB611" box="[603,688,269,290]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Q. libani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, same color of leaf when young, light brown when mature...............................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFCE3FEC2FB81B60C" authority="Pujade-Villar" authorityName="Pujade-Villar" box="[789,1083,298,319]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melikai">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFCE3FEC2FC02B60C" box="[789,952,298,319]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Andricus melikai</emphasis>
|
||
Pujade-Villar
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, sexual (spring) generation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFECFF8EFAB9FEC2FA2FB60C" box="[1359,1429,298,319]" captionStart="FIGURES 65–70" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1705,1728]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,193,1684]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[150,1436,193,1684]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 65–70. Galls on various Quercus species. 65. Andricus sp. nr. quercusradicis, sexual generation on leaf of Quercus ithaburensis; 66. Neuroterus anthracinus, asexual generation on Quercus ithaburensis; 67. Andricus multiplicatus, sexual generation on Quercus libani; 68. Andricus melikai, sexual generation on Quercus libani; 69. Andricus sp. nr. amenti, sexual generation on Quercus libani; 70. Cerroneuroterus sp. nr. lanuginosus, asexual generation on Quercus libani." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610047/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Fig. 68</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FEAFFA21B66F" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" box="[151,1435,327,348]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FEAFFA21B66F" box="[151,1435,327,348]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">- Gall attached to leaf; different from above.................................................................. 6</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="9F422E4DFFECFF8EFF61FE8DFA21B687" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FE8DFA26B6A4" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FE8DFA26B6A4" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
6. Gall constitutes tapered, dark-purple chamber carried on thin, delicate stalk, on
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFC2BFE8DFC0EB6A4" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFC2BFE8DFB88B649" ID-CoL="793Q3" box="[989,1074,357,378]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">Q. libani</taxonomicName>
|
||
...................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFCABFE6AFC0EB6A4" ID-CoL="VTL" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1840" box="[861,948,386,407]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Andricus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
sp. nr.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFC0CFE6AFB81B6A4" box="[1018,1083,386,407]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="amenti">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFC0CFE6AFB81B6A4" box="[1018,1083,386,407]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">amenti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, sexual (spring) generation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFECFF8EFAB9FE6AFA2FB6A4" box="[1359,1429,386,407]" captionStart="FIGURES 65–70" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1705,1728]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,193,1684]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[150,1436,193,1684]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 65–70. Galls on various Quercus species. 65. Andricus sp. nr. quercusradicis, sexual generation on leaf of Quercus ithaburensis; 66. Neuroterus anthracinus, asexual generation on Quercus ithaburensis; 67. Andricus multiplicatus, sexual generation on Quercus libani; 68. Andricus melikai, sexual generation on Quercus libani; 69. Andricus sp. nr. amenti, sexual generation on Quercus libani; 70. Cerroneuroterus sp. nr. lanuginosus, asexual generation on Quercus libani." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610047/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Fig. 69</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FE77FA21B687" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" box="[151,1435,415,436]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FE77FA21B687" box="[151,1435,415,436]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">- Spherical or elliptical gall, different from above............................................................. 7</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="9F422E4DFFECFF8EFF61FE55FA21B519" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FE55FA26B6DC" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FE55FA26B6DC" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
7. Spherical gall, up to
|
||
<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFECFF8EFE5FFE55FE5AB6E1" box="[425,480,445,466]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, completely covered by pinkish, silky long hairs, with black center. Usually in clusters. On
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFEF2FE32FEE3B6DC" ID-CoL="793Q3" box="[260,345,474,495]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFEF2FE32FEE3B6DC" box="[260,345,474,495]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Q. libani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFE7EFE32FC28B6DC" box="[392,914,474,495]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFE7EFE32FE67B6DC" ID-CoL="4R4KH" box="[392,477,474,495]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerris">Q. cerris</taxonomicName>
|
||
.......................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFD05FE32FC28B6DC" box="[755,914,474,495]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Cerroneuroterus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cerroneuroterus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
sp. nr.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFC2FFE32FBF7B6DC" box="[985,1101,474,495]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Cerroneuroterus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lanuginosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFC2FFE32FBF7B6DC" box="[985,1101,474,495]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">lanuginosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, asexual (fall) generation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFECFF8EFAB9FE32FA2FB6DC" box="[1359,1429,474,495]" captionStart="FIGURES 65–70" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1705,1728]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,193,1684]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[150,1436,193,1684]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 65–70. Galls on various Quercus species. 65. Andricus sp. nr. quercusradicis, sexual generation on leaf of Quercus ithaburensis; 66. Neuroterus anthracinus, asexual generation on Quercus ithaburensis; 67. Andricus multiplicatus, sexual generation on Quercus libani; 68. Andricus melikai, sexual generation on Quercus libani; 69. Andricus sp. nr. amenti, sexual generation on Quercus libani; 70. Cerroneuroterus sp. nr. lanuginosus, asexual generation on Quercus libani." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610047/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Fig. 70</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FE1FFA21B519" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FE1FFA21B519" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
- Elliptical gall, up to
|
||
<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFECFF8EFE5BFE1FFE5CB53F" box="[429,486,503,524]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, covered by small projections, pale when young, green to dark red and purple when mature. On
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFEA5FDFDFCFAB519" box="[339,832,533,554]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFEA5FDFDFE13B519" ID-CoL="793Q3" box="[339,425,533,554]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">Q. libani</taxonomicName>
|
||
..................................
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFCBCFDFDFB1DB519" authority="(Giraud)" baseAuthorityName="Giraud" box="[842,1191,533,554]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Cerroneuroterus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutulus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFCBCFDFDFBF4B519" box="[842,1102,533,554]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Cerroneuroterus minutulus</emphasis>
|
||
(Giraud)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, asexual (fall) generation
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="9F422E4DFFECFF8EFF61FDDAFA21B557" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FDDAFA21B574" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" box="[151,1435,562,583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FDDAFA21B574" box="[151,1435,562,583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">8. Acorn or catkin gall.................................................................................... 9</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FDA7FA21B557" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" box="[151,1435,591,612]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FDA7FA21B557" box="[151,1435,591,612]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">- Bud gall............................................................................................ 11</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="9F422E4DFFECFF8EFF61FD85FA21B58F" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FD85FA26B5AC" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FD85FA26B5AC" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
9. Soft, scaly gall in young acorn, up to
|
||
<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFECFF8EFDBEFD85FD31B5B1" box="[584,651,621,642]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, light green. On
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFCA8FD85FC09B5B1" ID-CoL="793Q3" box="[862,947,621,642]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFCA8FD85FC09B5B1" box="[862,947,621,642]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Q. libani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
..........................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFCB2FD62FB81B5AC" box="[836,1083,650,671]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Pseudoneuroterus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saliens">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFCB2FD62FB81B5AC" box="[836,1083,650,671]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Pseudoneuroterus saliens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, sexual (spring) generation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFECFF8EFAB9FD62FA2FB5AC" box="[1359,1429,650,671]" captionStart="FIGURES 53–58" captionStartId="40.[151,264,1666,1689]" captionTargetBox="[161,1435,193,1642]" captionTargetId="figure@40.[152,1435,193,1646]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIGURES 53–58. Galls on Quercus ithaburensis. 53. Pseudoneuroterus sp. 2, sexual generation; 54. Cerroneuroterus lanuginosus, sexual generation; 55. Pseudoneuroterus macropterus, sexual generation; 56. Pseudoneuroterus sp. 1, sexual generation; 57. Pseudoneuroterus saliens, sexual generation; 58. Pseudoneuroterus saliens, asexual generation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610043/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Fig. 57</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FD4FFA21B58F" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" box="[151,1435,679,700]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FD4FFA21B58F" box="[151,1435,679,700]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
- Catkin gall, clustered, cone shaped with tapered apex, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFCFFFD4FFCE4B58F" ID-CoL="793Q3" box="[777,862,679,700]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFCFFFD4FFCE4B58F" box="[777,862,679,700]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Q. libani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
............................................. 10
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="9F422E4DFFECFF8EFF61FD2DFA26B401" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FD2DFA21B5C4" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FD2DFA21B5C4" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
10. Gall light green when young, bright red when mature not densely clustered......................................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFC48FD0AFB26B5C4" box="[958,1180,738,759]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coriariformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFC48FD0AFB26B5C4" box="[958,1180,738,759]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Andricus coriariformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sexual (spring) generation
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FD17FA26B401" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FD17FA26B401" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
- Gall light brown throughout development; always densely clustered.............................................. .........................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFC70FCF5FB81B401" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[902,1083,797,818]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coriarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFC70FCF5FB81B401" box="[902,1083,797,818]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Andricus coriarius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, sexual (spring) generation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFECFF8EFAB9FCF5FA2FB401" box="[1359,1429,797,818]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–52" captionStartId="39.[151,264,1677,1700]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1656]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[151,1435,193,1657]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 47–52. Sexual generation galls on Quercus ithaburensis. 47. Andricus cecconii; 48. Same, old gall; 49. Andricus grossulariae, young galls; 50. Andricus grossulariae, old galls (arrow); 51. Andricus vindobonensis; 52. Andricus coriarius." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610041/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Fig. 52</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="9F422E4DFFECFF8EFF61FCD2FA21B45F" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FCD2FA21B47C" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" box="[151,1435,826,847]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FCD2FA21B47C" box="[151,1435,826,847]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">11. Gall composed of one spherical unit...................................................................... 12</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FCBFFA21B45F" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" box="[151,1435,855,876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FCBFFA21B45F" box="[151,1435,855,876]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">- Gall composed of several units.......................................................................... 13</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="9F422E4DFFECFF8EFF61FC9DFA26B32F" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FC9DFA26B4F7" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FC9DFA26B4F7" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
12. Gall up to
|
||
<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFECFF8EFEB1FC9DFE31B4B9" box="[327,395,885,906]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, light green when young, light brown to brown when mature, sometimes slightly wrinkled, with internal ovoid larval chamber moving freely within gall. On
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFCD3FC7AFA2DB494" box="[805,1431,914,935]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFCD3FC7AFCC7B494" ID-CoL="793Q3" box="[805,893,914,935]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">Q. libani</taxonomicName>
|
||
.............................................
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
......................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFC98FC47FB9AB4F7" authorityName="Melika, Stone, Sadeghi & Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2004" box="[878,1056,943,964]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Aphelonyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persica">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFC98FC47FB9AB4F7" box="[878,1056,943,964]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Aphelonyx persica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, asexual (fall) generation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFECFF8EFAD4FC47FA2FB4F7" box="[1314,1429,943,964]" captionStart="FIGURES 35–40" captionStartId="37.[151,264,1682,1705]" captionTargetBox="[150,1424,193,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[150,1424,193,1646]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 35–40. Galls on Quercus boissieri and Q. ithaburensis. 35. Neuroterus quercsbaccarum, asexual generation on Quercus boissieri; 36. Neuroterus quercsbaccarum (A) and Neuroterus numismalis (B), asexual generations on Q. boissieri; 37. Aphelonyx persica, asexual generation on Quercus ithaburensis; 38. Aphelonyx persica, asexual generation on Quercus ithaburensis, gall dissected to show inner chamber; 39. Aphelonyx persica gall ivaded by the inquiline Synergus variabilis on Quercus ithaburensis; 40. Same, old gall with emergence holes of inquilines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610035/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Figs. 37–38</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FC25FA26B32F" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FC25FA26B32F" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
- Slightly irregularly-shaped gall, sometimes wrinkled, up to
|
||
<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFECFF8EFCE8FC25FCDBB4D1" box="[798,865,973,994]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, light green when young, light brown to brown when mature, multi-chambered. On
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFDCAFC02FD28B4CC" ID-CoL="793Q3" box="[572,658,1002,1023]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFDCAFC02FD28B4CC" box="[572,658,1002,1023]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Q. libani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
...........................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFDEDFBEFFD76B32F" authorityName="Melika, Stone, Sadeghi & Pujade-Villar" authorityYear="2004" box="[539,716,1031,1052]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Aphelonyx" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persica">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFDEDFBEFFD76B32F" box="[539,716,1031,1052]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Aphelonyx persica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gall invaded by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFC9BFBEFFB9CB32F" box="[877,1062,1031,1052]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Synergus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFC9BFBEFFB9CB32F" box="[877,1062,1031,1052]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Synergus variabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, asexual (fall) generation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFECFF8EFAD1FBEFFA2FB32F" box="[1319,1429,1031,1052]" captionStart="FIGURES 35–40" captionStartId="37.[151,264,1682,1705]" captionTargetBox="[150,1424,193,1646]" captionTargetId="figure@37.[150,1424,193,1646]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURES 35–40. Galls on Quercus boissieri and Q. ithaburensis. 35. Neuroterus quercsbaccarum, asexual generation on Quercus boissieri; 36. Neuroterus quercsbaccarum (A) and Neuroterus numismalis (B), asexual generations on Q. boissieri; 37. Aphelonyx persica, asexual generation on Quercus ithaburensis; 38. Aphelonyx persica, asexual generation on Quercus ithaburensis, gall dissected to show inner chamber; 39. Aphelonyx persica gall ivaded by the inquiline Synergus variabilis on Quercus ithaburensis; 40. Same, old gall with emergence holes of inquilines." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610035/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Figs 39–40</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
<keyStep id="9F422E4DFFECFF8EFF61FBCDFA26B39C" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FBCDFA26B347" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FBCDFA26B347" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
13. Mulberry-shaped gall, composed of 17–40 small units, up to
|
||
<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFECFF8EFCD0FBCDFCE6B309" box="[806,860,1061,1082]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, green with light brown tips, velvety, sometimes sticky when young; hard and brown when mature. On
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFD5DFBAAFCBAB364" ID-CoL="793Q3" box="[683,768,1090,1111]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFD5DFBAAFCBAB364" box="[683,768,1090,1111]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Q. libani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFCD9FBAAFC3EB364" ID-CoL="4R4KH" box="[815,900,1090,1111]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cerris">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFCD9FBAAFC3EB364" box="[815,900,1090,1111]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Q. cerris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
...........................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFCEFFBB7FBADB347" authority="Shachar" authorityName="Shachar" box="[793,1047,1119,1140]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="miriami">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFCEFFBB7FC7BB347" box="[793,961,1119,1140]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Andricus miriami</emphasis>
|
||
Shachar
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, sexual (spring) generation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFECFF8EFAD1FBB7FA2FB347" box="[1319,1429,1119,1140]" captionStart="FIGURES 71–74" captionStartId="43.[151,264,1203,1226]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,193,1182]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[152,1435,193,1182]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURES 71–74. Galls on various Quercus species. 71. Andricus miriami, sexual generation on Quercus libani; 72. Same, old gall; 73. Plagiotrochus razeti, asexual generation on Quercus calliprinos; 74. Plagiotrochus quercusilicis, sexual generation on Quercus calliprinos." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610049/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Figs 71–72</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFECFF8EFF61FB95FA26B39C" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1199]" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<keyLead id="9F4795DDFFECFF8EFF61FB95FA26B39C" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
- Big, leafy rosette bud gall,
|
||
<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFECFF8EFE13FB95FDF6B3A1" box="[485,588,1149,1170]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="25.0">25–40 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, multi-chambered. On
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFC6BFB95FCAAB39C" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFC6BFB95FC4EB3A1" ID-CoL="793Q3" box="[925,1012,1149,1170]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">Q. libani</taxonomicName>
|
||
..................................................................................
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFECFF8EFCEEFB72FB84B39C" authority="Giraud" authorityName="Giraud" authorityYear="1859" box="[792,1086,1178,1199]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="459" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multiplicatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFECFF8EFCEEFB72FC48B39C" box="[792,1010,1178,1199]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Andricus multiplicatus</emphasis>
|
||
Giraud
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, sexual (spring) generation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFECFF8EFAB9FB72FA2FB39C" box="[1359,1429,1178,1199]" captionStart="FIGURES 65–70" captionStartId="42.[151,264,1705,1728]" captionTargetBox="[150,1436,193,1684]" captionTargetId="figure@42.[150,1436,193,1684]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIGURES 65–70. Galls on various Quercus species. 65. Andricus sp. nr. quercusradicis, sexual generation on leaf of Quercus ithaburensis; 66. Neuroterus anthracinus, asexual generation on Quercus ithaburensis; 67. Andricus multiplicatus, sexual generation on Quercus libani; 68. Andricus melikai, sexual generation on Quercus libani; 69. Andricus sp. nr. amenti, sexual generation on Quercus libani; 70. Cerroneuroterus sp. nr. lanuginosus, asexual generation on Quercus libani." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610047/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="459">Fig. 67</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</keyLead>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</keyStep>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |