470 lines
36 KiB
XML
470 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b483f4c7-7ce6-4723-84a2-c801b02355eb" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190652249" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2615-40-109" ID-Pensoft-UUID="54C155E11E2B5B30A5C916D95C6585DF" ID-ZooBank="3209150E986642B1A8AA42C5B67A9FEF" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5558E734-180A-43B0-B4D4-5BDA609AC030" ModsDocID="1314-2615-40-109" checkinTime="1637727072091" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Assis 1, Leonardo de, Schimonsky 1, Diego Monteiro von & Bichuette 1, Maria Elina" docDate="2021" docId="AB8A9E30CCCC5730AFC457997152D8D2" docLanguage="en" docName="SubterBiol 40: 109-128" docOrigin="Subterranean Biology 40" docPubDate="2021-11-23" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451" docTitle="Pseudochthonius ramalho Assis, Schimonsky & Bichuette 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="5558E734-180A-43B0-B4D4-5BDA609AC030" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="54C155E11E2B5B30A5C916D95C6585DF" lastPageNumber="109" masterDocId="54C155E11E2B5B30A5C916D95C6585DF" masterDocTitle="The first troglobitic Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from the karst area of Serra do Ramalho, Brazil: a threatened species" masterLastPageNumber="128" masterPageNumber="109" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" updateTime="1637732778049" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The first troglobitic Pseudochthonius Balzan, 1892 (Pseudoscorpiones, Chthoniidae) from the karst area of Serra do Ramalho, Brazil: a threatened species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Assis 1, Leonardo de</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Estudos Subterraneos, Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, PO Box 676, CEP 13565 - 905, Sao Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Schimonsky 1, Diego Monteiro von</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Estudos Subterraneos, Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, PO Box 676, CEP 13565 - 905, Sao Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bichuette 1, Maria Elina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Estudos Subterraneos, Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, km 235, PO Box 676, CEP 13565 - 905, Sao Carlos, Sao Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Subterranean Biology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-11-23</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>40</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>109</mods:start>
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<mods:end>128</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2615-40-109</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3209150E986642B1A8AA42C5B67A9FEF</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">54C155E11E2B5B30A5C916D95C6585DF</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="190652249" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5558E734-180A-43B0-B4D4-5BDA609AC030" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AB8A9E30CCCC5730AFC457997152D8D2" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="109" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/5558E734-180A-43B0-B4D4-5BDA609AC030" authority="Assis, Schimonsky & Bichuette" authorityName="Assis, Schimonsky & Bichuette" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudochthonius ramalho" order=" Pseudoscorpiones" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramalho" status="sp. nov.">Pseudochthonius ramalho Assis, Schimonsky & Bichuette</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="109">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="109" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Holotype of Pseudochthonius ramalho sp. nov. in natural habitat, at Gruna do Vandercir cave, Serra do Ramalho, Bahia. (Image: Adriano Gambarini)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614221" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Figs 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Pseudochthonius ramalho sp. nov. holotype male, habitus A dorsal view B ventral view." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614222" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">, 4</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Pseudochthonius ramalho sp. nov. scanning electron images. Paratype female, habitus A dorsal view B ventral view C zoom in on the anterior margin of the carapace with eye spots denoted with red circle. (Images: Luciana B. R. Fernandes)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614223" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">, 5</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Pseudochthonius ramalho sp. nov. female paratype scanning electron images A detail on the right chelicera of serrula exterior and rallum B detail on the right pedipalp trichobothrium isb and ib, lateral C left pedipalp D detail on the left pedipalp teeth. (Images: L. B. R. Fernandes)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614224" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">, 6</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pseudochthonius ramalho sp. nov., male A carapace dorsal view, and detail of the anterior margin (with the epistome) B right chelicera (dorsal view) C detail of the rallum D coxa I and II E details of coxal spines F leg I (lateral view) G leg IV (lateral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614225" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">, 7</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. A holotype left pedipalp showing the trichobothria distribution B details of chelal teeth C distal part of fixed chelal finger (lateral view) D detail with emphasis on the micro-denticles in two interdental spaces, on teeth 15 and 29, respectively E pedipalp femur F distal part of fixed chelal finger (ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614226" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">, 8</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="109" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Holotype</emphasis>
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: 1 ♂ (LES9601) Brazil Caatinga province, Serra do Ramalho karst area, Serra do Ramalho, Bahia, Gruna do Vandercir cave;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="11.40" value="-13.636499">13°38'11.40"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="west" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="5.10" value="-43.834747">43°50'5.10"W</geoCoordinate>
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; 31 May 2012; Bichuette ME,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Gallão">Gallao</normalizedToken>
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JE, Hattori N leg.
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Paratype</emphasis>
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: 1 ♀ (LES9602), same data as holotype.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614221" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Figure 3.</emphasis>
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Holotype of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Assis, Schimonsky & Bichuette" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudochthonius ramalho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramalho">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Pseudochthonius ramalho</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. in natural habitat, at Gruna do Vandercir cave, Serra do Ramalho, Bahia. (Image: Adriano
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rank="tribe" tribe="Gambarini">Gambarini</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614222" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Figure 4.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Assis, Schimonsky & Bichuette" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudochthonius ramalho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramalho">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Pseudochthonius ramalho</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. holotype male, habitus
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">A</emphasis>
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dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">B</emphasis>
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ventral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614223" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Figure 5.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Assis, Schimonsky & Bichuette" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudochthonius ramalho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramalho">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Pseudochthonius ramalho</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. scanning electron images. Paratype female, habitus
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">A</emphasis>
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dorsal view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">B</emphasis>
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ventral view
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">C</emphasis>
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zoom in on the anterior margin of the carapace with eye spots denoted with red circle. (Images: Luciana B. R. Fernandes).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="109" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">The species is named after the region of Serra do Ramalho due to its importance regarding the speleological heritage and the unique fauna and flora diversity. The name is to be treated as a noun in apposition.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="109" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Assis, Schimonsky & Bichuette" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudochthonius ramalho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramalho">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Pseudochthonius ramalho</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. can be identified by the following combination of characters: eyes absent (♂) or with eyes-spots (♀); the middle and distal fixed chelal finger teeth positioned two by two with 29-30 acuminate teeth and 3-4 slightly basally rounded ones, the presence of two rounded micro-denticles, along with pedipalpal fixed finger teeth in males; trichobothria
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">ist</emphasis>
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closer to
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">esb</emphasis>
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than to the
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">est</emphasis>
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(ratio
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">ist</emphasis>
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-
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">est</emphasis>
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/
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">ist</emphasis>
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-
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">esb</emphasis>
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= 4.71); serrula exterior with 13 (♂) or 14 (♀) lamellae, rallum with seven blades, and coxae I and II with 3 to 5 coxal spines.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="109" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Description</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">(adult</emphasis>
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♂
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">and</emphasis>
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♀)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
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.
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Body</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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: Coloration of specimens in 70% ethanol yellowish brown and translucent pedipalps, tergites III-V with a dark median mark, and a darker abdominal region. Live specimens present a light pinkish color on their carapace and appendages, and a light brown abdomen. Female is slightly smaller than male.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Chelicera</emphasis>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Pseudochthonius ramalho sp. nov. female paratype scanning electron images A detail on the right chelicera of serrula exterior and rallum B detail on the right pedipalp trichobothrium isb and ib, lateral C left pedipalp D detail on the left pedipalp teeth. (Images: L. B. R. Fernandes)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614224" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">6A</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pseudochthonius ramalho sp. nov., male A carapace dorsal view, and detail of the anterior margin (with the epistome) B right chelicera (dorsal view) C detail of the rallum D coxa I and II E details of coxal spines F leg I (lateral view) G leg IV (lateral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614225" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">7B, C</figureCitation>
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): five setae on left hand, with one seta on the basal position of the fixed finger and one nearly the basal seta on the movable finger; six setae on the right hand; without the lateral microsetae; fixed finger with 10-11 (♂ and ♀) teeth proximally reduced in size; movable finger with 9 (♂) or 8(♀) teeth proximally reduced in size, three distal teeth distinctly larger than others and with subapical isolated tooth (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">di</emphasis>
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). Spinneret moderately prominent and apically rounded in female, vestigial in male. Seta
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">gl</emphasis>
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0.15 mm from base of movable finger. Serrula exterior with 13 (♂),14 (♀) lamellae. Rallum with seven blades pectinated. Dorsal face of cheliceral palm with four lyrifissures, three lyrifissures situated near seta
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">dt</emphasis>
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and one situated posteriorly.
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</paragraph>
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<caption doi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614224" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Figure 6.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Assis, Schimonsky & Bichuette" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudochthonius ramalho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramalho">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Pseudochthonius ramalho</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. female paratype scanning electron images
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">A</emphasis>
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detail on the right chelicera of serrula exterior and
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">rallum</emphasis>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">B</emphasis>
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detail on the right pedipalp trichobothrium
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">isb</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">ib</emphasis>
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, lateral
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">C</emphasis>
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left pedipalp
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">D</emphasis>
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detail on the left pedipalp teeth. (Images: L. B. R. Fernandes).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption doi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614225" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Figure 7.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Assis, Schimonsky & Bichuette" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudochthonius ramalho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramalho">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Pseudochthonius ramalho</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov., male
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">A</emphasis>
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carapace dorsal view, and detail of the anterior margin (with the epistome)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">B</emphasis>
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right chelicera (dorsal view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">C</emphasis>
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detail of the rallum
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">D</emphasis>
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coxa I and II
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">E</emphasis>
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details of coxal spines
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">F</emphasis>
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leg I (lateral view)
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">G</emphasis>
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leg IV (lateral view).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Pedipalp</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Pseudochthonius ramalho sp. nov. female paratype scanning electron images A detail on the right chelicera of serrula exterior and rallum B detail on the right pedipalp trichobothrium isb and ib, lateral C left pedipalp D detail on the left pedipalp teeth. (Images: L. B. R. Fernandes)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614224" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">6B-D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. A holotype left pedipalp showing the trichobothria distribution B details of chelal teeth C distal part of fixed chelal finger (lateral view) D detail with emphasis on the micro-denticles in two interdental spaces, on teeth 15 and 29, respectively E pedipalp femur F distal part of fixed chelal finger (ventral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614226" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">8A-F</figureCitation>
|
||
): 1.4 (♂),1.2 (♀)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than carapace and 2.2 (♂), 2.6 (♀)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than patella; movable finger 1.6 (♂), 1.9 (♀)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than hand; fixed finger 1.65 (♂),1.72 (♀)
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than hand. Fixed chelal finger long and strongly sigmoid in its distal half. Male fixed finger with 33 acute teeth, distinctly separated from each other, but paired and in each pair, one tooth is slightly directed to inside and the other to the outside, and micro-denticles in two interdental spaces, on teeth 15 and 29, respectively. Female fixed finger with 31 teeth arranged as in as in male. Movable finger with 30-33(♂ and ♀) flattened and separated teeth. Trichobothria:
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">ib</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">isb</emphasis>
|
||
situated close to each other sub-medially in the dorsal region of the chelal hand;
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">eb</emphasis>
|
||
closer to
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">esb</emphasis>
|
||
than to
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">ist</emphasis>
|
||
, forming a straight oblique row at the base of the fixed chelal finger;
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">ist</emphasis>
|
||
closer to
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">esb</emphasis>
|
||
than to the
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">est</emphasis>
|
||
(ratio
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">ist</emphasis>
|
||
-
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">est/ist</emphasis>
|
||
-
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">esb</emphasis>
|
||
= 4.71);
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">et</emphasis>
|
||
slightly near the tip of the fixed finger, near to the chelal teeth;
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">dx</emphasis>
|
||
, located near to the end of the fixed finger;
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">sb</emphasis>
|
||
closer to
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">b</emphasis>
|
||
than to
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">st</emphasis>
|
||
in the movable chelal finger (ratio
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">sb</emphasis>
|
||
-
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">st/sb</emphasis>
|
||
-
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">b</emphasis>
|
||
= 3.37);
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">t</emphasis>
|
||
closer to
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">st</emphasis>
|
||
and situated at the same level as
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">est</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614226" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Figure 8.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">A</emphasis>
|
||
holotype left pedipalp showing the trichobothria distribution
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">B</emphasis>
|
||
details of chelal teeth
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">C</emphasis>
|
||
distal part of fixed chelal finger (lateral view)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">D</emphasis>
|
||
detail with emphasis on the micro-denticles in two interdental spaces, on teeth 15 and 29, respectively
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">E</emphasis>
|
||
pedipalp femur
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">F</emphasis>
|
||
distal part of fixed chelal finger (ventral view).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Carapace</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pseudochthonius ramalho sp. nov., male A carapace dorsal view, and detail of the anterior margin (with the epistome) B right chelicera (dorsal view) C detail of the rallum D coxa I and II E details of coxal spines F leg I (lateral view) G leg IV (lateral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614225" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">7A</figureCitation>
|
||
): Carapace 1.09
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
longer than broad, posteriorly constricted, chaetotaxy 4:4:4:2:2 (16), one preocular microseta on each side; eyes absent on male and a tiny eyespot on female; anterior margin distinctly serrate with median denticles larger than lateral ones; epistome prominent and dentate (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pseudochthonius ramalho sp. nov., male A carapace dorsal view, and detail of the anterior margin (with the epistome) B right chelicera (dorsal view) C detail of the rallum D coxa I and II E details of coxal spines F leg I (lateral view) G leg IV (lateral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614225" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">7A-C</figureCitation>
|
||
); 3 lyrifissures anteriorly, 1 medially and 2 posteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: Chaetotaxy of tergites I-XI: ♂, 4: 4: 4: 4: 6: 6: 6: 6: 6: 5: 3; ♀, 4: 4: 4: 4: 5: 6: 6: 6: 6: 5: 3. Chaetotaxy of sternites III-XI: (♂/♀) 12: 13: 8: 8: 8: 8: 6: 5: 2, anal cone 0/2 setae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Genital area</emphasis>
|
||
: Anterior genital operculum with 8 (♂), 9 (♀) marginal and discal setae, arranged triangularly in male, with 7-8 unmodified marginal setae on each side; posterior operculum with 6 setae in female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Coxae</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pseudochthonius ramalho sp. nov., male A carapace dorsal view, and detail of the anterior margin (with the epistome) B right chelicera (dorsal view) C detail of the rallum D coxa I and II E details of coxal spines F leg I (lateral view) G leg IV (lateral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614225" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">7D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
): Manducatory process distally acute, with 2 setae; pedipalpal coxa with 3 setae, coxa I and II with 4-5 setae on anterior margin and 3-5 highly dented coxal spines in decreasing size distally, coxa III with 7 setae and coxa IV with 8 setae; intercoxal tubercle absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Pseudochthonius ramalho sp. nov., male A carapace dorsal view, and detail of the anterior margin (with the epistome) B right chelicera (dorsal view) C detail of the rallum D coxa I and II E details of coxal spines F leg I (lateral view) G leg IV (lateral view)." figureDoi="10.3897/subtbiol.40.77451.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/614225" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">7F, G</figureCitation>
|
||
): Typical of the genus (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Chamberlin, JC" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" pagination="173 - 179" refId="B12" refString="Chamberlin, JC, 1929. The genus Pseudochthonius Balzan (Arachnida - Chelonetida). Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 54: 173 - 179" title="The genus Pseudochthonius Balzan (Arachnida - Chelonetida)." volume="54" year="1929">Chamberlin 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Measurements and ratios</emphasis>
|
||
: see Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Measurements (in mm) and proportions (l / b, length / breadth; l / d, length / depth) of the holotype male and paratype female of Pseudochthonius ramalho sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9ECA32C2DF97C79D38F7DA5A2578F1A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" tableUuid="9ECA32C2DF97C79D38F7DA5A2578F1A9">1</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption ID-Table-UUID="9ECA32C2DF97C79D38F7DA5A2578F1A9" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9ECA32C2DF97C79D38F7DA5A2578F1A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Table 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (in mm) and proportions (l/b, length/breadth; l/d, length/depth) of the holotype male and paratype female of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Assis, Schimonsky & Bichuette" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Chthoniidae" genus="Pseudochthonius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudochthonius ramalho" order="Opiliones" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramalho">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109">Pseudochthonius ramalho</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<th colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">-</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Holotype (Paratype)</th>
|
||
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Holotype (Paratype) l/b; l/d</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Body</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">1.55 (1.45)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="3">Carapace</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.46/0.42 (0.45/0.42)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">1.1 (1.0)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">narrower part posteriorly 0.27</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">(0.275)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Pedipalpal trochanter</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.18/0.12 (0.16/0.11)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">1.6 (1.5) l/b</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Pedipalpal femur</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.65/0.16 (0.54/0.13)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">4.1 (4.1) l/b</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Pedipalpal patella</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.29/0.15(0.25/0.12)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">4.1 (2.1) l/b</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Pedipalpal chela</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.90/0.20 (0.81/0.14)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">4.5 (5.8) l/d</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Pedipalpal hand</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.35/0.20 (0.29/0.14)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">1.9 (2.1) l/d</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Pedipalpal fixed finger</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.58/0.05 (0.50/0.02)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Pedipalpal movable finger</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.57/0.04 (0.55/0.02)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Chelicera</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.39/0.19 (0.38/0.18)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">2.1 (2.1) l/b</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Chelicera movable finger</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.18 (0.17)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">-</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Leg I femur</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.35/0.06 (0.36/0.05)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">5.9 (7.2) l/d</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Leg I patella</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.18/0.05 (0.16/0.05)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">3.6 (3.2) l/d</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Leg I tibia</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.21/0.04 (0.15/0.04)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">5.2 (3.8) l/d</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Leg I tarsus</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.33/0.03 (0.29/0.03)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">11 (9.6) l/d</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Leg IV trochanter</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.18/0.16 (0.16/0.13)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">1.1 (1.2) l/b</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Leg IV femur + patella</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.76/0.28 (0.70/0.12)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">2.7 (5.8) l/d</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Leg IV tibia</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.38/0.08 (0.16/ 0.05)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">4.7 (3.2) l/d</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Leg IV basitarsus</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.19/0.05 (0.18/0.05)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">3.8 (3.6) l/d</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="109">
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">Leg IV telotarsus</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">0.35/0.03 (0.34/0.02)</td>
|
||
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="109" rowspan="1">11.6 (17) l/d</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |