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<document id="E5509169036706279EBAB15F19E36940" ID-CLB-Dataset="39008" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4114.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="23e20931-307e-416c-ab19-00d57933e67d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="257053" ID-ZooBank="6EA59057-0E05-4AA5-8B84-327CBDB32E5B" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1464070337504" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Monniot, Françoise" docDate="2016" docId="A25D4D00D64076297BF3FF6D7CFCFC21" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4114.3.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4114 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Eudistoma repens Millar 1977" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="213" masterDocId="5E643578D64C76257B64FFF57E37FFE6" masterDocTitle="Ascidians (Tunicata) of the French Guiana Expedition" masterLastPageNumber="245" masterPageNumber="201" pageNumber="213" updateTime="1698662596755" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="1C42580E4728FFC0165FB3ED47D34000">Ascidians (Tunicata) of the French Guiana Expedition</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7FB77298474C264D9C1F650D8E20CA64">2016</mods:date>
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<treatment id="A25D4D00D64076297BF3FF6D7CFCFC21" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6068888" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120692837" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6068888" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A25D4D00D64076297BF3FF6D7CFCFC21" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A25D4D00D64076297BF3FF6D7CFCFC21" lastPageNumber="213" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
<subSubSection id="62EEAF9DD64076297BF3FF6D7ECAFF35" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="2A4BFC16D64076297BF3FF6D7C3EFF54" blockId="12.[151,521,152,211]" box="[151,521,152,178]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
<heading id="71034B7AD64076297BF3FF6D7C3EFF54" bold="true" box="[151,521,152,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="EDF48795D64076297BF3FF6D7C3EFF54" authority="Millar 1977" authorityName="Millar" authorityYear="1977" box="[151,521,152,178]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="repens">
<emphasis id="18802004D64076297BF3FF6D7C3EFF54" bold="true" box="[151,521,152,178]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
<emphasis id="18802004D64076297BF3FF6D7F47FF54" bold="true" box="[151,368,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Eudistoma repens</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="4E6581E7D64076297A13FF6D7C3EFF54" author="Millar" box="[375,521,152,178]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" refString="Millar, R. H. (1977) Ascidians (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) from the northern and north-eastern Brazilian shelf. Journal of Natural History, 11 (2), 169 - 223. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937700770131" type="journal article" year="1977">Millar 1977</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A4BFC16D64076297BF3FF4F7ECAFF35" blockId="12.[151,521,152,211]" box="[151,253,186,211]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
<figureCitation id="B2CFE093D64076297BF3FF4F7ECFFF35" box="[151,248,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,196,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Eudistoma repens. A colony; B, pieces of other colonies; C, three larvae, scale bar = 0.2 mm; D, thorax; E contracted zooid; F, siphons. C to F stained with hemalum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257061/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Figure 8</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="62EEAF9DD64076297BF3FEF77CFCFC21" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="description">
<paragraph id="2A4BFC16D64076297BF3FEF77D93FEFD" blockId="12.[151,1437,258,967]" box="[151,932,258,283]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
<emphasis id="18802004D64076297BF3FEF77ECBFEFD" bold="true" box="[151,252,258,283]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Stations.</emphasis>
SS1; SS3; SS4; SS10; SS12; SC13; SD8; CP4386; CP4408.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A4BFC16D64076297BA3FED37C83FD65" blockId="12.[151,1437,258,967]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
The colonies are large with many short cylindrical lobes erect on a thick basal crust (
<figureCitation id="B2CFE093D64076297FC5FED37AD2FED9" box="[1185,1253,294,319]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,196,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Eudistoma repens. A colony; B, pieces of other colonies; C, three larvae, scale bar = 0.2 mm; D, thorax; E contracted zooid; F, siphons. C to F stained with hemalum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257061/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A). The tunic is entirely incrusted with sand. The oral siphons are slightly protruding from the flat upper colony surface (
<figureCitation id="B2CFE093D64076297E59FEBF7B48FE85" box="[1341,1407,330,355]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,196,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Eudistoma repens. A colony; B, pieces of other colonies; C, three larvae, scale bar = 0.2 mm; D, thorax; E contracted zooid; F, siphons. C to F stained with hemalum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257061/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
B) The zooids are all contracted (
<figureCitation id="B2CFE093D64076297A8CFE9B7C1EFE61" box="[488,553,366,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,196,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Eudistoma repens. A colony; B, pieces of other colonies; C, three larvae, scale bar = 0.2 mm; D, thorax; E contracted zooid; F, siphons. C to F stained with hemalum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257061/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
E) with
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in total length and lie at the top of the colony lobes. Both siphons have 6 pointed lobes (
<figureCitation id="B2CFE093D64076297AF6FE677FE1FE4D" box="[402,470,402,427]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,196,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Eudistoma repens. A colony; B, pieces of other colonies; C, three larvae, scale bar = 0.2 mm; D, thorax; E contracted zooid; F, siphons. C to F stained with hemalum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257061/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
F). The thoracic wall is thick and opaque. The numerous oral tentacles in 2 orders of size are placed on 2 rings. In the branchial sac the first row of stigmata curves dorsally 20 stigmata were counted in the second row on the right side. The round stomach is followed by an annular widening. The rectum begins with a caecum and then forms a deep curve perhaps a result of contraction. An average of 20 testis vesicles occupies the gut loop. Two or
<specimenCount id="3CF2379FD64076297A3AFDD67F8FFDDD" box="[350,440,546,571]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" type="larva">3 larvae</specimenCount>
are enclosed into the atrial cavity. Their trunk is
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long with a tail in a half turn (
<figureCitation id="B2CFE093D64076297BFBFDB37ED1FDB9" box="[159,230,582,607]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1930,1952]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,196,1905]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1909]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Eudistoma repens. A colony; B, pieces of other colonies; C, three larvae, scale bar = 0.2 mm; D, thorax; E contracted zooid; F, siphons. C to F stained with hemalum." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/257061/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
C). Lateral to the 3 medial adhesive papillae 8 to 10 bifid ampullae make a thick coating. The above description corresponds to that of
<bibRefCitation id="4E6581E7D64076297971FD9F7C98FD65" author="Millar" box="[533,687,618,643]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" refString="Millar, R. H. (1977) Ascidians (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) from the northern and north-eastern Brazilian shelf. Journal of Natural History, 11 (2), 169 - 223. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222937700770131" type="journal article" year="1977">Millar (1977)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A4BFC16D64076297BA3FD7A7A38FCF5" blockId="12.[151,1437,258,967]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
<taxonomicName id="EDF48795D64076297BA3FD7A7F18FD40" box="[199,303,655,678]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="repens">
<emphasis id="18802004D64076297BA3FD7A7F18FD40" box="[199,303,655,678]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">E. repens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EDF48795D64076297A00FD7A7C32FD40" box="[356,517,654,678]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolinense">
<emphasis id="18802004D64076297A00FD7A7C32FD40" box="[356,517,654,678]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">E. carolinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were found together in several dives and even sometimes fixed on each other. The difference between them is difficult to see at first sight when the colony lobes are small. In
<taxonomicName id="EDF48795D64076297FEEFD467AC5FD2C" box="[1162,1266,691,714]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="repens">
<emphasis id="18802004D64076297FEEFD467AC5FD2C" box="[1162,1266,691,714]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">E. repens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the top surface of the lobes appears granular due to the protrusion of the siphons; the tunic is softer and the zooids have a strong longitudinal musculature. The size of the larva is very different in both species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A4BFC16D64076297BA3FCEB7CFCFC21" blockId="12.[151,1437,258,967]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">
<bibRefCitation id="4E6581E7D64076297BA3FCEB7FECFCD1" author="Rocha" box="[199,475,798,823]" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" refString="Rocha, R. M. &amp; Moreno, T. R. (2000) Ascidians associated with Eudistoma carolinense Van Name, 1945 with description of a new species of Polycarpa. Ophelia, 52 (1), 9 - 16. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00785236.1999.10409415" type="journal article" year="2000">Rocha &amp; Moreno (2000)</bibRefCitation>
recorded colonies of
<taxonomicName id="EDF48795D640762979A8FCEA7D5BFCD0" box="[716,876,798,822]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolinense">
<emphasis id="18802004D640762979A8FCEA7D5BFCD0" box="[716,876,798,822]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">E. carolinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="52E3BC86D640762978CBFCEB7DC4FCD1" box="[943,1011,798,823]" name="Brazil" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Brazil</collectingCountry>
but without description.
<bibRefCitation id="4E6581E7D64076297E6FFCEB7ED6FCBD" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" refString="Oliveira, L. M., Gamba, G. A. &amp; Rocha, R. M. (2014) Eudistoma (Ascidiacea: Polycitoridae) from tropical Brazil. Zoologia, 31 (2), 195 - 208. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / S 1984 - 46702014000200011" type="journal article">Oliveira et al (2014)</bibRefCitation>
considered
<taxonomicName id="EDF48795D64076297A0DFCB67FE5FCBC" box="[361,466,835,858]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="repens">
<emphasis id="18802004D64076297A0DFCB67FE5FCBC" box="[361,466,835,858]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">E. repens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="EDF48795D640762979F2FCB67D00FCBD" box="[662,823,835,859]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolinense">
<emphasis id="18802004D640762979F2FCB67D00FCBD" box="[662,823,835,859]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">E. carolinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for Brasilian specimens but their description mentions an opaque and muscular body wall, several oocytes in the atrial cavity (characters of the former species) but larvae only
<quantity id="ED0C51F3D64076297BB4FC7E7F29FC45" box="[208,286,907,931]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4mm</quantity>
in length (the size in
<taxonomicName id="EDF48795D64076297977FC7E7C83FC45" box="[531,692,907,931]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Eudistoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="12" pageNumber="213" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carolinense">
<emphasis id="18802004D64076297977FC7E7C83FC45" box="[531,692,907,931]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">E. carolinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). They also represent different colony shapes (
<figureCitation id="B2CFE093D64076297FA6FC7F7B72FC45" box="[1218,1349,906,931]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 13" captionStart-1="FIGURE 14" captionStartId-0="17.[151,250,1347,1369]" captionStartId-1="19.[151,250,1648,1670]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,373,1325]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,195,1626]" captionTargetId-0="figure@17.[151,1436,373,1326]" captionTargetId-1="figure@19.[151,1436,195,1626]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="19" captionText-0="FIGURE 13. Ecteinascidia aranea n. sp. A, part of a colony in formalin; B two zooids, scale bar = 1 cm; C, zooid ventrally opened and stained; D, gonad; E, neural area." captionText-1="FIGURE 14. Ascidia curvata. A, left side of the body removed from tunic. Body opened along the ventral line and stained, scale bar = 5 mm; C, tentacles and neural area; D, part of the dorsal lamina." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/257066/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/257067/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="213">Figs 13–14</figureCitation>
). These colonies likely belong to a mixture of two species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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