434 lines
52 KiB
XML
434 lines
52 KiB
XML
<document id="E7935DEC93720C8086C83E019D1A2114" ID-CLB-Dataset="46520" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.278089" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ff7c1fc3-7e71-4f56-9a1e-009550172935" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="278089" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460379249773" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Read, Geoffrey B." docDate="2011" docId="8D5B8793FF91FFF65EF8A6DAFCE1F86D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02934p052.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2934" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Clymenura snaiko Read, 2011, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="7162FFEBFF96FFFD5E6FA215FFC2FFD9" masterDocTitle="A new Clymenura (Polychaeta: Maldanidae) from the intertidal of Banks Peninsula, New Zealand, with a reassessment of Leiochone Grube, 1868 and Clymenura Verrill, 1900" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="39" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1698296612128" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="8DC79806D5BFDE09C73BD1E01CCFE027">A new Clymenura (Polychaeta: Maldanidae) from the intertidal of Banks Peninsula, New Zealand, with a reassessment of Leiochone Grube, 1868 and Clymenura Verrill, 1900</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DC28876A1658ECBCDE4EE9F46435D01D" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6EA89FC351D82A0FF996569585738198">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="89218855BD121DF461CC6BB45B9EB019">Read, Geoffrey B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DA421894DBA1A757DF5D62B2AA150713">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="CF6768F4B7E59C879E062C0529D03EC9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="400598D721C9743D9711BCB393CD0A66">
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<mods:date id="7CD62A8D999E5FA3DE107483581C23C8">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="6F8A737F4C6736131EB41DDC0067B64B" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="97990BB2317EFBA37F074A083ECA7D7B">2934</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="F6E798600D3FC7C3B179B12AD7C8F5F9">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="EE57F0EE60B407FE8A59760B183A1B27" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.278089</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="29C908E4A6460F5B0C4CEC41C8253618" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="8D5B8793FF91FFF65EF8A6DAFCE1F86D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6193955" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119413810" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6193955" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E07EAA50-661A-480A-B3F4-EFE3F84E81AB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8D5B8793FF91FFF65EF8A6DAFCE1F86D" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
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<subSubSection id="4DE8650EFF91FFFA5EF8A6DAFED9FAD3" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="054D3685FF91FFFA5EF8A6DAFE1BFB30" blockId="7.[151,473,1231,1290]" box="[151,473,1231,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
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<heading id="5E0581E9FF91FFFA5EF8A6DAFE1BFB30" bold="true" box="[151,473,1231,1257]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="3786EA97FF91FFFA5EF8A6DAFE1BFB30" bold="true" box="[151,473,1231,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF91FFFA5EF8A6DAFEB7FB30" ID-CoL="5ZCYY" box="[151,373,1231,1257]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="snaiko" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="3786EA97FF91FFFA5EF8A6DAFEB7FB30" bold="true" box="[151,373,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">Clymenura snaiko</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB557ECFF91FFFA5F13A6DAFE1BFB30" box="[380,473,1231,1257]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="054D3685FF91FFFA5EF8A6E7FED9FAD3" blockId="7.[151,473,1231,1290]" box="[151,283,1266,1290]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
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<figureCitation id="9DC92A00FF91FFFA5EF8A6E7FED9FAD3" box="[151,283,1266,1290]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 3" captionStart-2="FIGURE 4. A" captionStartId-0="8.[151,250,1013,1036]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,250,1031,1054]" captionStartId-2="11.[151,250,770,793]" captionTargetBox-0="[168,1417,193,991]" captionTargetBox-1="[277,1309,193,1010]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,301,749]" captionTargetId-0="figure@8.[168,1418,193,992]" captionTargetId-1="figure@10.[277,1309,193,1010]" captionTargetId-2="figure@11.[151,1436,301,749]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-2="11" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Clymenura snaiko sp. nov. Holotype. Scale bar 10 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 3. Clymenura snaiko sp. nov. uncini. A, chaetiger 1 row in situ; B, chaetiger 14 row in situ; C, chaetiger 14 uncinal head; D, chaetiger 15 row in situ. A – B at actual relative sizes, scale bars 50 µm, C – D scale bars 20 µm." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. A, Okains Bay beach type locality, with sampling equipment in foreground; B, cast and stopings of Clymenura snaiko sp. nov., Okains Bay beach. Scale bar 20 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/278090/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/278091/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/278092/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">Figures 1–4</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4DE8650EFF91FFFA5EF8A72FFDD1F9F3" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="054D3685FF91FFFA5EF8A72FFDD1F9F3" blockId="7.[151,1436,1338,1794]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="3786EA97FF91FFFA5EF8A72FFEC8FA8A" bold="true" box="[151,266,1338,1363]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. A
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<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF91FFFA5F5DA72EFE6DFA8A" box="[306,431,1339,1363]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="3786EA97FF91FFFA5F5DA72EFE6DFA8A" box="[306,431,1339,1363]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">Clymenura</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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of up to at least
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<quantity id="C20A9B60FF91FFFA5C09A72FFD00FA8B" box="[614,706,1338,1362]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="255.0">255 mm</quantity>
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length, with red anterior body, 18 chaetigers, 2 preanal achaetous segments with tori, more than 10 manubriavicular uncini present from chaetiger 1, capitium teeth array well developed and similar in all rami. High cephalic rim with lateral dip into a pronounced notch, not incised, dorsal rim entire, weakly crenellate, nuchal organs straight, almost full length of plaque. No ocelli, no segmental collars. Anal funnel present with 16 distinct conical cirri, with the ventral cirrus about twice the length of adjacent; anal cone absent. Chaetiger 8 glandular shield edge a curved line extending anteriorly and ventrally from notochaetal fascicle forming a subtriangular half-oval.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4DE8650EFF91FFFA5EAAA423FE25F8DB" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="054D3685FF91FFFA5EAAA423FE25F8DB" blockId="7.[151,1436,1338,1794]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="3786EA97FF91FFFA5EAAA423FE6DF996" bold="true" box="[197,431,1590,1615]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">Material examined.</emphasis>
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Station
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<accessionNumber id="1AA1AB66FF91FFFA5C62A423FDA8F997" box="[525,618,1590,1614]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/Y10432" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="EnaNcbi">Y10432</accessionNumber>
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,
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<date id="714C1045FF91FFFA5C19A423FCC5F997" box="[630,775,1590,1614]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" value="2008-02-19">19 Feb 2008</date>
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, Decanter Bay, Banks Peninsula,
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<collectionCode id="63E3AE40FF91FFFA5AECA422FB0EF996" box="[1155,1228,1591,1615]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">NIWA</collectionCode>
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44716 (3 af 2 pf),
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<geoCoordinate id="60C65042FF91FFFA5EF8A44FFED2F9AB" box="[151,272,1626,1650]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" precision="5" value="-43.6599">43.6599°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="60C65042FF91FFFA5F72A44FFE67F9AB" box="[285,421,1626,1650]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" precision="5" value="172.9911">172.9911°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 0 m;
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<accessionNumber id="1AA1AB66FF91FFFA5F9DA44FFD8DF9AB" box="[498,591,1626,1650]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/Y10434" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="EnaNcbi">Y10434</accessionNumber>
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,
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<date id="714C1045FF91FFFA5C32A44FFD30F9AB" box="[605,754,1626,1650]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" value="2008-02-20">20 Feb 2008</date>
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, Decanter Bay, Banks Peninsula,
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<collectionCode id="63E3AE40FF91FFFA5A16A44EFB00F9AA" box="[1145,1218,1627,1651]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">NIWA</collectionCode>
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44575 (1 cs 3 af),
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<geoCoordinate id="60C65042FF91FFFA5EF8A46BFECDF94F" box="[151,271,1662,1686]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" precision="5" value="-43.6599">43.6599°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||
<geoCoordinate id="60C65042FF91FFFA5F72A46BFE66F94F" box="[285,420,1662,1686]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" precision="5" value="172.9911">172.9911°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 0 m; Y10435,
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<date id="714C1045FF91FFFA5C35A46BFD2FF94F" box="[602,749,1662,1686]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" value="2008-02-21">21 Feb 2008</date>
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, Okains Bay, Banks Peninsula,
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<collectionCode id="63E3AE40FF91FFFA5A34A46AFB66F94E" box="[1115,1188,1663,1687]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">NIWA</collectionCode>
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60439 (1 cs, HOLO-
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<collectionCode id="63E3AE40FF91FFFA5EF8A4B7FF23F963" box="[151,225,1698,1722]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">
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||
<typeStatus id="DA498827FF91FFFA5EF8A4B7FF23F963" box="[151,225,1698,1722]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">TYPE</typeStatus>
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</collectionCode>
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||
),
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||
<collectionCode id="63E3AE40FF91FFFA5E9AA4B6FEFCF962" box="[245,318,1699,1723]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">NIWA</collectionCode>
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44599 (1 cs,
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<typeStatus id="DA498827FF91FFFA5FB3A4B7FDAEF963" box="[476,620,1698,1722]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="paratype">PARATYPE</typeStatus>
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||
),
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||
<collectionCode id="63E3AE40FF91FFFA5CEFA4B6FD0BF962" box="[640,713,1699,1723]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">NIWA</collectionCode>
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44600 (7 af 6 pf,
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<typeStatus id="DA498827FF91FFFA5DF5A4B7FBF8F963" box="[922,1082,1698,1722]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
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),
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<geoCoordinate id="60C65042FF91FFFA5A21A4B7FB05F963" box="[1102,1223,1698,1722]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" precision="5" value="-43.6946">43.6946°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="60C65042FF91FFFA5ABCA4B7FA99F963" box="[1235,1371,1698,1722]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" precision="5" value="173.0641">173.0641°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 0 m; Y10439,
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<date id="714C1045FF91FFFA5F6BA4D3FE59F907" box="[260,411,1734,1758]" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" value="2008-02-24">24 Feb 2008</date>
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, Le Bons Bay, Banks Peninsula,
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<collectionCode id="63E3AE40FF91FFFA5D47A4D2FCB3F906" box="[808,881,1735,1759]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">NIWA</collectionCode>
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44573 (1 broken cs),
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<collectionCode id="63E3AE40FF91FFFA5A13A4D2FB07F906" box="[1148,1221,1735,1759]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nyq3-3g6s" name="National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research" pageId="7" pageNumber="46">NIWA</collectionCode>
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44574 (3af 2 pf),
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<geoCoordinate id="60C65042FF91FFFA5EF8A4FFFECFF8DB" box="[151,269,1770,1794]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" precision="5" value="-43.7408">43.7408°S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="60C65042FF91FFFA5F7BA4FFFE68F8DB" box="[276,426,1770,1794]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="46" precision="1" value="173.0961">173.09610°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 0 m.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="518D660DFF9EFFF55EF8A1E0FC8EFBD2" box="[151,844,1013,1036]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278090/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" targetBox="[168,1417,193,991]" targetPageId="8">
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||
<paragraph id="054D3685FF9EFFF55EF8A1E0FC8EFBD2" blockId="8.[151,844,1013,1036]" box="[151,844,1013,1036]" pageId="8" pageNumber="47">
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||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9EFFF55EF8A1E0FECEFBD3" bold="true" box="[151,268,1013,1036]" pageId="8" pageNumber="47">FIGURE 1</emphasis>
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||
.
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<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9EFFF55F76A1E0FE10FBD2" box="[281,466,1013,1035]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="snaiko" status="sp. nov.">
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||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9EFFF55F76A1E0FE10FBD2" box="[281,466,1013,1035]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="47">Clymenura snaiko</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB557ECFF9EFFF55FB7A1E3FDEBFBD2" box="[472,553,1014,1035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9EFFF55FB7A1E3FDEBFBD2" bold="true" box="[472,553,1014,1035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="47">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
Holotype. Scale bar 10 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4DE8650EFF9EFFF75EAAA622FB2DF9D4" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="054D3685FF9EFFF55EAAA622FC23F9FC" blockId="8.[151,1436,1079,2004]" pageId="8" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9EFFF55EAAA622FE94FB89" bold="true" box="[197,342,1079,1104]" pageId="8" pageNumber="47">Description.</emphasis>
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A large maldanid with specimens of preserved length to around
|
||
<quantity id="C20A9B60FF9EFFF55A3CA62DFB76FB89" box="[1107,1204,1080,1104]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="255.0">255 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 5.5 mm wide (complete specimens: NIWA lot 44575
|
||
<quantity id="C20A9B60FF9EFFF55C0FA649FD02FBAD" box="[608,704,1116,1140]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="160.0">160 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, midbody 4.7 mm wide; lot 44599
|
||
<quantity id="C20A9B60FF9EFFF55AF6A649FB3AFBAD" box="[1177,1272,1116,1140]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="255.0">255 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 5.5 mm wide; lot 44573
|
||
<quantity id="C20A9B60FF9EFFF55F21A695FE69FB41" box="[334,427,1152,1176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="255.0">255 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 5.0 mm wide;
|
||
<typeStatus id="DA498827FF9EFFF55CFAA695FD35FB41" box="[661,759,1152,1176]" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
lot 60439
|
||
<quantity id="C20A9B60FF9EFFF55D1FA695FC0FFB41" box="[880,973,1152,1176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" unit="mm" value="210.0">210 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, 4.5 mm wide). Body with 18 chaetigers, 2 preanal achaetigerous segments with tori (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9DC92A00FF9EFFF55CBDA6B1FCD1FB65" box="[722,787,1188,1212]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1013,1036]" captionTargetBox="[168,1417,193,991]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[168,1418,193,992]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Clymenura snaiko sp. nov. Holotype. Scale bar 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278090/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="47">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Body colour more or less uniformly dark red anteriorly, paler red posteriorly, paler chaetal tori and ventral shield area, otherwise without distinctive pigmentation patterns. Scattered fine dark flecks on uncinal tori and surrounds on chaetigers 8–14 apparent after preservation in some specimens (Fig. 2F). Well-developed cephalic plaque with high cephalic rim with lateral dip into a pronounced notch, not incised; dorsal rim entire, weakly crenellate; nuchal organs wide and straight, almost full length of plaque (Fig. 2A–C). Palpode well developed with rounded tip, proximal margin with carina distinct (Fig. 2A). No ocelli. Surface of chaetigers 1–8 with multiple prominent transverse segmental divisions, thereafter body much smoother, but fine divisions still visible. No segmental collars. Ventral shield present just anterior to chaetiger 8 chaetal fascicles as a raised pale glandular zone, with curved lateral margins and subtriangular in shape (Fig. 2E– F), varying in prominence between individuals. Distinct segmental organ apertures (nephridiopores) present posterior to ventral end of uncinal rows on chaetigers 6–9, one pair per segment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="054D3685FF9EFFF55EAAA425FCE3F925" blockId="8.[151,1436,1079,2004]" pageId="8" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Notochaetae capillaries of one
|
||
<typeStatus id="DA498827FF9EFFF55C44A424FD9CF990" box="[555,606,1585,1609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="47">type</typeStatus>
|
||
, smooth but only slightly winged, from chaetiger 1–18. Notochaetae of chaetigers
|
||
<quantity id="C20A9B60FF9EFFF55F7EA441FE9BF9B5" box="[273,345,1620,1644]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" metricValueMax="1.778" metricValueMin="0.254" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" unit="in" value="4.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="1.0">1–7 in</quantity>
|
||
transverse rows, about 20 chaetae in a single row on chaetiger 1, increasing to about 30 irregularly arranged 3-deep on a low parapodial lobe on chaetiger 3. Thereafter notochaetae in each fascicle of similar numbers, but longer. From about chaetiger 12 notochaetae becoming grouped in a tight tuft on a conical parapodial lobe, which becomes longest on far posterior segments, with rows within chaetal tuft with long axis oriented diagonally or longitudinally, sometimes discernibly U-shaped.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="054D3685FF9EFFF45EAAA51DFD7BF87C" blockId="8.[151,1436,1079,2004]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,1840,1957]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="8" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Single row of manubriavicular uncini present from chaetiger 1–18, with capitium teeth and subrostral bristles well developed on all uncini, with single row of 5 in-line capitium teeth above rostrum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9DC92A00FF9EFFF55AF2A539FB26F89D" box="[1181,1252,1836,1860]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1031,1054]" captionTargetBox="[277,1309,193,1010]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[277,1309,193,1010]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Clymenura snaiko sp. nov. uncini. A, chaetiger 1 row in situ; B, chaetiger 14 row in situ; C, chaetiger 14 uncinal head; D, chaetiger 15 row in situ. A – B at actual relative sizes, scale bars 50 µm, C – D scale bars 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278091/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="47">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). In chaetiger 1 uncini subrostral isthmus distal to manubrial constriction 60 µm long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9DC92A00FF9EFFF55DDAA545FC35F8B1" box="[949,1015,1872,1896]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1031,1054]" captionTargetBox="[277,1309,193,1010]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[277,1309,193,1010]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Clymenura snaiko sp. nov. uncini. A, chaetiger 1 row in situ; B, chaetiger 14 row in situ; C, chaetiger 14 uncinal head; D, chaetiger 15 row in situ. A – B at actual relative sizes, scale bars 50 µm, C – D scale bars 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278091/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="47">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
A), in posterior chaetiger uncini isthmus 140 µm long with larger chaetal capitium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9DC92A00FF9EFFF55CABA561FCCBF855" box="[708,777,1908,1932]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1031,1054]" captionTargetBox="[277,1309,193,1010]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[277,1309,193,1010]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Clymenura snaiko sp. nov. uncini. A, chaetiger 1 row in situ; B, chaetiger 14 row in situ; C, chaetiger 14 uncinal head; D, chaetiger 15 row in situ. A – B at actual relative sizes, scale bars 50 µm, C – D scale bars 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278091/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="47">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
B), otherwise ornamentation similar; uncinal shaft length increases modestly from ~250 µm in anterior chaetigers to ~350 µm posteriorly. More than 10 uncini in chaetiger 1, with number increasing to about chaetiger 9, so that in a large specimen chaetiger 1 has 16 uncini, chaetiger 3
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9FFFF45EF8A525FEC9F89F" bold="true" box="[151,267,1840,1863]" pageId="9" pageNumber="48">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9FFFF45F77A524FE13F89E" box="[280,465,1841,1863]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="9" pageNumber="48" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="snaiko" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9FFFF45F77A524FE13F89E" box="[280,465,1841,1863]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="48">Clymenura snaiko</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB557ECFF9FFFF45FB8A524FDEAF89F" box="[471,552,1841,1862]" pageId="9" pageNumber="48" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9FFFF45FB8A524FDEAF89F" bold="true" box="[471,552,1841,1862]" pageId="9" pageNumber="48">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
head, body segments, and pygidium. A–B, anterior lateral head and lateral head, specimen of lot (s.o.l.) 44575; C, lateral anterior to chaetiger 4 (s.o.l. 44600); D, lateral pygidial funnel and 2nd achaetous segment (s.o.l. 44600); E, lateral chaetiger 8 (s.o.l. 44599); F, ventral chaetiger 8 (
|
||
<typeStatus id="DA498827FF9FFFF45D12A564FC1EF85E" box="[893,988,1905,1927]" pageId="9" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
); G, posterior end (s.o.l. 44716); H, pygidial funnel posterior view (s.o.l. 44600). Scale bars
|
||
<quantity id="C20A9B60FF9FFFF45C18A585FD77F87C" box="[631,693,1936,1957]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="518D660DFF9CFFF75EF8A612FB73FBE5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278091/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" targetBox="[277,1309,193,1010]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="054D3685FF9CFFF75EF8A612FB73FBE5" blockId="10.[151,1436,1031,1084]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9CFFF75EF8A612FECFFBC4" bold="true" box="[151,269,1031,1054]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9CFFF75F75A61DFE16FBC7" box="[282,468,1032,1054]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="snaiko" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9CFFF75F75A61DFE16FBC7" box="[282,468,1032,1054]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">Clymenura snaiko</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9CFFF75FB4A61DFDE9FBC4" bold="true" box="[475,555,1032,1053]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB557ECFF9CFFF75FB4A61DFDE9FBC4" box="[475,555,1032,1053]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
uncini. A, chaetiger 1 row
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9CFFF75D2BA61CFC46FBC7" box="[836,900,1033,1054]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
; B, chaetiger 14 row
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9CFFF75A0DA61CFB63FBC7" box="[1122,1185,1033,1054]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
; C, chaetiger 14 uncinal head; D, chaetiger 15 row
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9CFFF75FCCA632FE23FBE5" box="[419,481,1063,1084]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">in situ</emphasis>
|
||
. A–B at actual relative sizes, scale bars 50 µm, C–D scale bars 20 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="054D3685FF9CFFF75EF8A67CFB65FAEC" blockId="10.[151,1437,1129,2020]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">has 27, 5 has 43, and chaetigers 9–18 about 60 uncini in each row. Raised neuropodial rami on chaetigers 3–8, less distinct on chaetigers 9–10, extending around the circumference to meet the ventral midline and increasing in height and bulk over chaetigers 11–13, thereafter of similar size. Chaetal fascicle on chaetigers 1–7 on anterior third of segment, chaetiger 8 fascicle in midsegment, thereafter at posterior of segment. First and second preanal segments about 2/3 and 1/2 length of last chaetigerous segment respectively, with achaetous reduced torus at posterior of each (Fig. 2G). In one specimen second achaetous segment regenerating, without tori.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="054D3685FF9CFFF75EAAA754FB2DF9D4" blockId="10.[151,1437,1129,2020]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">
|
||
Pygidial funnel well developed, ending with 16 distinct flattened blunt cirri (n14, range 14–18, mode 16, sd 1.37), well separated and varying little in size except ventral cirrus usually about twice the length of adjacent ones (Fig. 2D, G, H).
|
||
<typeStatus id="DA498827FF9CFFF75F39A79CFE7CFA78" box="[342,446,1417,1441]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
funnel length 3.5 mm from callus ring to cirral base, with ventral cirrus 1.8 mm long, other cirri up to 1.0 mm. Medial thickest part of each cirrus distinct as a pale ridge in some specimens (Fig. 2D). Anus terminal without valve, flush, not raised on a cone (Fig. 2H), except as distorted in preservation in some specimens. Ventral midline ridge prominent, from postperistomial segment to end of body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9DC92A00FF9CFFF75A0AA7E0FB70F9D4" box="[1125,1202,1525,1549]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1013,1036]" captionTargetBox="[168,1417,193,991]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[168,1418,193,992]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Clymenura snaiko sp. nov. Holotype. Scale bar 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278090/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
, 2F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4DE8650EFF9CFFF75EAAA40CFB61F9E8" box="[197,1187,1560,1586]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="054D3685FF9CFFF75EAAA40CFB61F9E8" blockId="10.[151,1437,1129,2020]" box="[197,1187,1560,1586]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9CFFF75EAAA40CFEA1F9E8" bold="true" box="[197,355,1560,1585]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<typeStatus id="DA498827FF9CFFF75EAAA40CFEC2F9E8" box="[197,256,1561,1585]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Intertidal sands of Okains Bay, Banks Peninsula,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="60C65042FF9CFFF75DFCA40CFBC9F9E8" box="[915,1035,1561,1585]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" precision="5" value="-43.6946">43.6946°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="60C65042FF9CFFF75A79A40CFB5DF9E8" box="[1046,1183,1561,1585]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" precision="5" value="173.0641">173.0641°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4DE8650EFF9CFFF65EAAA428FD76FF21" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="054D3685FF9CFFF75EAAA428FCA1F9A0" blockId="10.[151,1437,1129,2020]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9CFFF75EAAA428FE89F98C" bold="true" box="[197,331,1597,1621]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The word ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9CFFF75FBBA428FDDFF98C" box="[468,541,1597,1621]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="snaiko">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9CFFF75FBBA428FDDFF98C" box="[468,541,1597,1621]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">snaiko</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
’ is coined to form a sinuous-sounding recombination of the letters of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="DA498827FF9CFFF75B03A42BFA5EF98F" box="[1388,1436,1598,1622]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality place name, and is to be treated as a noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="054D3685FF9CFFF75EAAA490FCB8F8A1" blockId="10.[151,1437,1129,2020]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9CFFF75EAAA490FE7FF944" bold="true" box="[197,445,1669,1694]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">Habitat and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
Worms were present on low-tidal flats on moderately exposed sand beaches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9DC92A00FF9CFFF75B5BA490FA4DF944" box="[1332,1423,1669,1693]" captionStart="FIGURE 4. A" captionStartId="11.[151,250,770,793]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,301,749]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,301,749]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. A, Okains Bay beach type locality, with sampling equipment in foreground; B, cast and stopings of Clymenura snaiko sp. nov., Okains Bay beach. Scale bar 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278092/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
), occurring sporadically as isolated individuals, or in small groups of estimated maximal density
|
||
<quantity id="C20A9B60FF9CFFF75AA2A4B9FAD6F91D" box="[1229,1300,1708,1732]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 m</quantity>
|
||
-
|
||
<quantity id="C20A9B60FF9CFFF75B76A4BCFAFDF91D" box="[1305,1343,1705,1732]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
a group (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9DC92A00FF9CFFF75EF0A4C5FF21F931" box="[159,227,1744,1768]" captionStart="FIGURE 4. A" captionStartId="11.[151,250,770,793]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,301,749]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,301,749]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. A, Okains Bay beach type locality, with sampling equipment in foreground; B, cast and stopings of Clymenura snaiko sp. nov., Okains Bay beach. Scale bar 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278092/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B). The beaches are at the head of bays of narrow width, laterally bounded by abrupt basaltic slopes or cliffs, and surrounded by farmland. The largest population was found on the Okains Bay sand beach (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9DC92A00FF9CFFF75AA1A4E1FAEBF8D5" box="[1230,1321,1780,1804]" captionStart="FIGURE 4. A" captionStartId="11.[151,250,770,793]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,301,749]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,301,749]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. A, Okains Bay beach type locality, with sampling equipment in foreground; B, cast and stopings of Clymenura snaiko sp. nov., Okains Bay beach. Scale bar 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278092/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
), which is 0.9 km long, the largest beach on which the worm was present. Le Bons Bay sand beach is 0.7 km long, and the sand beach at Decanter Bay extends for less than
|
||
<specimenCount id="13F4FD0CFF9CFFF75CABA529FCD0F88D" box="[708,786,1852,1876]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="C20A9B60FF9CFFF75CABA529FCCCF88D" box="[708,782,1852,1876]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
The species was not detected at Little Akaloa Bay, which adjoins Decanter Bay and has a comparable, slightly larger beach.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="054D3685FF9CFFF65EAAA591FD76FF21" blockId="10.[151,1437,1129,2020]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,248]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="50" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">
|
||
Surface signs of the worm’s presence included shallow stopings of about 20-mm diameter as well as castings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="9DC92A00FF9CFFF75EF0A5BDFF25F819" box="[159,231,1960,1984]" captionStart="FIGURE 4. A" captionStartId="11.[151,250,770,793]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,301,749]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,301,749]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 4. A, Okains Bay beach type locality, with sampling equipment in foreground; B, cast and stopings of Clymenura snaiko sp. nov., Okains Bay beach. Scale bar 20 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278092/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="49">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B). Pieces of worm tube recovered with worms were unlined fragile sandgrain aggregations with a wall thickness about 1–1.5 mm. Two of the
|
||
<specimenCount id="13F4FD0CFF9CFFF75C25A5D9FD23F83D" box="[586,737,1996,2020]" pageId="10" pageNumber="49" type="generic">16 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
were regenerating the head and first chaetiger, suggesting that
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65EF8A28DFED6FF69" box="[151,276,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Cly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65EA4A28DFED6FF69" box="[203,276,152,176]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="snaiko" status="sp. nov.">snaiko</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB557ECFF9DFFF65F73A28DFEB4FF69" box="[284,374,152,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65F73A28DFEB4FF69" bold="true" box="[284,374,152,176]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
may be subject to ‘browsing’ attacks from predators such as shorebirds and fish. A large
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65B03A28CFE03FF0D" authority="Estcourt" authorityName="Estcourt" class="Polychaeta" family="Polynoidae" genus="Disconatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="accolus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65B03A28CFE84FF0D" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">Disconatis accolus</emphasis>
|
||
(Estcourt)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
polynoid scaleworm (NIWA lot 44782) was found as a commensal in the tube of the specimen from station
|
||
<accessionNumber id="1AA1AB66FF9DFFF65FF8A2CAFE33FF2E" box="[407,497,223,247]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/Y10432" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" type="EnaNcbi">
|
||
Y
|
||
<quantity id="C20A9B60FF9DFFF65FC4A2CAFE33FF2E" box="[427,497,223,247]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.649728" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" unit="in" value="10432.0">10432</quantity>
|
||
</accessionNumber>
|
||
in Decanter Bay.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="518D660DFF9DFFF65EF8A117FD76FCEE" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/278092/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" targetBox="[151,1436,301,749]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="054D3685FF9DFFF65EF8A117FD76FCEE" blockId="11.[151,1436,770,823]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65EF8A117FECCFCC1" bold="true" box="[151,270,770,793]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
|
||
. A, Okains Bay beach type locality, with sampling equipment in foreground; B, cast and stopings of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65B44A117FF1BFCEE" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="snaiko" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65B44A117FF1BFCEE" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">Clymenura snaiko</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB557ECFF9DFFF65EB0A137FEF2FCEE" box="[223,304,802,823]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65EB0A137FEF2FCEE" bold="true" box="[223,304,802,823]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, Okains Bay beach. Scale bar 20 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4DE8650EFF9DFFF65EAAA192FA55FC46" box="[197,1431,903,928]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="054D3685FF9DFFF65EAAA192FA55FC46" blockId="11.[151,1437,903,1972]" box="[197,1431,903,928]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65EAAA192FE9CFC79" bold="true" box="[197,350,903,928]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Known only from the intertidal of bays of eastern Banks Peninsula, South Island,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7DE57615FF9DFFF65A96A19DFA51FC46" box="[1273,1427,903,927]" name="New Zealand" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="4DE8650EFF9DFFF65EAAA1B9FCE1F86D" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="054D3685FF9DFFF65EAAA1B9FD6CFA65" blockId="11.[151,1437,903,1972]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65EAAA1B9FEFBFC1D" bold="true" box="[197,313,940,964]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65F2CA1B9FDD0FC1D" box="[323,530,940,964]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="snaiko" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65F2CA1B9FDD0FC1D" box="[323,530,940,964]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">Clymenura snaiko</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB557ECFF9DFFF65C73A1B9FDBAFC1D" box="[540,632,940,964]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65C73A1B9FDBAFC1D" bold="true" box="[540,632,940,964]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65CDAA1B9FCBDFC1D" box="[693,895,940,964]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Cly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65C84A1B9FCBDFC1D" box="[747,895,940,964]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longicaudata">longicaudata</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7DE57615FF9DFFF65DA6A1B8FBCBFC1D" box="[969,1033,941,964]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
are distinct from other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65B70A1B9FA59FC1D" box="[1311,1435,940,964]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65B70A1B9FA59FC1D" box="[1311,1435,940,964]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">Clymenura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (in which chaetiger total is known) in having 18 chaetigers. Most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65DB4A1C5FB9AFC31" box="[987,1112,976,1000]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65DB4A1C5FB9AFC31" box="[987,1112,976,1000]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">Clymenura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are subtidal, but remarkably
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65EF8A1E1FE9DFBD5" box="[151,351,1012,1036]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Cly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65EA4A1E1FE9DFBD5" box="[203,351,1012,1036]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longicaudata">longicaudata</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
occurs from the sandy intertidal of its
|
||
<typeStatus id="DA498827FF9DFFF65D7AA1E0FC87FBD4" box="[789,837,1013,1037]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality to
|
||
<quantity id="C20A9B60FF9DFFF65DAAA1E1FBD9FBD5" box="[965,1051,1012,1036]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
|
||
depth. The two species also share the character states of two preanal segments, a well-developed pygidial funnel with a ring of cirri, fully dentate rostrate uncini on first chaetigers, long nuchal grooves, and well-developed cephalic rims. However,
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65A94A629FF0BFBA1" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Cly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65B5FA629FF0BFBA1" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longicaudata">longicaudata</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differs considerably from
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65F99A675FDB1FBA1" box="[502,627,1120,1144]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Cly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65C45A675FDB1FBA1" box="[554,627,1120,1144]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="snaiko" status="sp. nov.">snaiko</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB557ECFF9DFFF65C14A675FD17FBA1" box="[635,725,1120,1144]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65C14A675FD17FBA1" bold="true" box="[635,725,1120,1144]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in lacking lateral notches in the cephalic rim, having anal cirri of alternating rather than similar length, having ocelli on the palpode, and having ornamented notochaetae present.
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65EF8A6BDFE92FB19" box="[151,336,1192,1216]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Cly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65EA3A6BDFE92FB19" box="[204,336,1192,1216]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Leiochone" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="columbiana">columbiana</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from the Canadian Pacific has similar pygidial funnel structure to the above species but has 19 chaetigers with 3 or more preanals.
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65C46A6D9FD09FB3D" box="[553,715,1228,1252]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Cly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65C32A6D9FD09FB3D" box="[605,715,1228,1252]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Praxilla" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lankesteri">lankesteri</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7DE57615FF9DFFF65D7FA6D8FC92FB3D" box="[784,848,1229,1252]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65DE8A6D9FBD7FB3D" box="[903,1045,1228,1252]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Cly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65DD5A6D9FBD7FB3D" box="[954,1045,1228,1252]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Leiochone" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="borealis">borealis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7DE57615FF9DFFF65A35A6D8FB76FB3C" box="[1114,1204,1229,1253]" name="Norway" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">Norway</collectingCountry>
|
||
also have 19 chaetigers; the former has a very short, pleated pygidial funnel, the latter only an anal cone, but both have a number of very long pygidial cirri. All three species have uncini on the first chaetigers which are few in number and of reduced dentition.
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65F06A72DFE2EFA89" box="[361,492,1336,1360]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Cly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65FF2A72DFE2EFA89" box="[413,492,1336,1360]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="polaris">polaris</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from Novaya Zemlya and
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65D71A72DFC18FA89" box="[798,986,1336,1360]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Cly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65D3CA72DFC18FA89" box="[851,986,1336,1360]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="subSpecies" species="polaris" subSpecies="lena">polaris lena</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from the Laptev Sea lack cephalic rims and have only one pygidial cirrus. Finally
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65C00A749FCC9FAAD" box="[623,779,1372,1396]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Cly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65CCCA749FCC9FAAD" box="[675,779,1372,1396]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aciculata">aciculata</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7DE57615FF9DFFF65D20A748FC4DFAAD" box="[847,911,1373,1396]" name="Japan" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65DABA749FB87FAAD" box="[964,1093,1372,1396]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Cly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65D98A748FB87FAAD" box="[1015,1093,1373,1396]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cirrata">cirrata</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from Florida are incompletely known, but they possess first chaetiger uncini which are acicular or of reduced dentition respectively, and notably
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65EF8A7B1FEDAFA65" box="[151,280,1444,1468]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Cly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65EA5A7B0FEDAFA65" box="[202,280,1445,1468]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymene" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cirrata">cirrata</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has a pygidium with four long cirri.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="054D3685FF9DFFF65EAAA7DDFCE1F86D" blockId="11.[151,1437,903,1972]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
The new
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65F40A7DDFE69FA39" box="[303,427,1480,1504]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65F40A7DDFE69FA39" box="[303,427,1480,1504]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">Clymenura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is large and inhabits beaches which, while rather remote of access, are visited frequently for recreation, and also at times for faunal studies. For example, during the years 1950–1980, polychaetes of eastern Banks Peninsula were often collected by G. A. Knox and students from Canterbury University, Christchurch, and the uncommon open beach onuphid
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65C01A421FB6EF995" authority="Knox & Hicks, 1973" authorityName="Knox & Hicks" authorityYear="1973" box="[622,1196,1588,1612]" class="Polychaeta" family="Onuphidae" genus="Hartmanonuphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Eunicida" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pectinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65C01A421FC5CF995" box="[622,926,1588,1612]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">Hartmanonuphis pectinata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="61634B74FF9DFFF65DC0A421FB66F995" author="Knox" box="[943,1188,1588,1612]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" refString="Knox, G. A. & Hicks, K. (1973) The polychaetes of New Zealand Part 5. Onuphidae. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 3, 281 - 294." type="journal article" year="1973">Knox & Hicks, 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was first discovered there. As this species was found living on Decanter Bay beach together with
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65A6EA44DFBBCF9A9" box="[1025,1150,1624,1648]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Cly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65A5AA44DFBBCF9A9" box="[1077,1150,1624,1648]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="snaiko">snaiko</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
when the beach was visited in 2008, Knox might also have come across the maldanid during visits decades earlier. However, the presence of
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65ED8A4B5FEF7F961" box="[183,309,1696,1720]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Cly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65E83A4B5FEF7F961" box="[236,309,1696,1720]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="snaiko">snaiko</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has never been noted before, perhaps a consequence of its relatively low densities intertidally and intermittent populations, which currently are too sparse to be conspicuous. No specimens were found in the late Professor Knox’s polychaete collection, nor are any Banks Peninsula maldanids entered in his register books (collection and registers held at NIWA). Additionally, in relation to the possible wider distribution of the species, no specimens of it from offshore have been found amongst the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="7DE57615FF9DFFF65D24A524FC21F891" box="[843,995,1840,1864]" name="New Zealand" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65D83A525FBB2F891" box="[1004,1136,1840,1864]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Maldanidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the NIWA Invertebrate Collection, derived from over 10,000 benthic samples (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="61634B74FF9DFFF65D62A541FC2FF8B5" author="Gordon" box="[781,1005,1876,1900]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" refString="Gordon, D. P., Beaumont, J., MacDiarmid, A., Robertson, D. A., Ahyong, S. T. & Goldstien, S. J. (2010) Marine Biodiversity of Aotearoa New Zealand. PLoS ONE, 5, e 10905 (1 - 17). doi: 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0010905." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Gordon
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65D02A540FC65F8B5" box="[877,935,1876,1900]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It appears that any significant undetected populations of
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65FFAA56DFDD4F849" box="[405,534,1912,1936]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Cly.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C2F24D06FF9DFFF65FA2A56DFDD4F849" box="[461,534,1912,1936]" class="Polychaeta" family="Maldanidae" genus="Clymenura" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="snaiko" status="sp. nov.">snaiko</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CB557ECFF9DFFF65C4DA56DFDBDF849" box="[546,639,1912,1936]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="3786EA97FF9DFFF65C4DA56DFDBDF849" bold="true" box="[546,639,1912,1936]" pageId="11" pageNumber="50">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
are most likely to be in the northeastern Banks Peninsula shallows beyond low water in Okains, Le Bons, and Decanter bays.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |