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<document id="266B65ABE2044D3DB27B3DB19BEA1CF4" ID-DOI="10.24199/j.mmv.2007.64.4" ID-ISSN="1447-2554" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12211133" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1718992600930" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="O’Loughlin, P. Mark" docDate="2007" docId="1F3E3A24FFC6A528FF2FF9D9337E8181" docLanguage="en" docName="MemMusVictoria.64.53-70.pdf" docOrigin="Memoirs of Museum Victoria 64" docSource="https://museumsvictoria.com.au/collections-research/journals/memoirs-of-museum-victoria/volume-64-2007/pages-23-34/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5B3B5C052A93BFEEE334AD6097A94E45.2:MemMusVictoria.2003-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="5B3B5C052A93BFEEE334AD6097A94E45" docStyleName="MemMusVictoria.2003-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Taeniogyrus Semper 1867" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="E307425CFFC3A520FFBCFFB93135802B" masterDocTitle="New apodid species from southern Australia (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Apodida)" masterLastPageNumber="70" masterPageNumber="53" pageNumber="58" updateTime="1719004601749" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="609BDD3CA405440FE3692A9A698636E7">New apodid species from southern Australia (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Apodida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6F1BDF987579E58298708BEC56D6285C">O’Loughlin, P. Mark</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="77C7DC56B83121B2E50FD3AAF175E33D">Memoirs of Museum Victoria</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BA29A06C24ED682442FC93E97CA665B3">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4C81C47F89E254464BE4DDC3DC12026C">2007-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="47FA8990BD80F24C3AF865A5C895725A">64</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="B6C9239D903AD37122EF83DBB8CAFC37">https://museumsvictoria.com.au/collections-research/journals/memoirs-of-museum-victoria/volume-64-2007/pages-23-34/</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="0E5BE462A120B43AB19663CEF21079BC">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="AB51F4C2AE69AB092508D35023D872CA" type="DOI">10.24199/j.mmv.2007.64.4</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8144DA54305008A5A32FEDA3CA9996CD" type="ISSN">1447-2554</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1F3E3A24FFC6A528FF2FF9D9337E8181" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1F3E3A24FFC6A528FF2FF9D9337E8181" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1F3E3A24FFC6A528FF2FF9D9337E8181" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<subSubSection id="DF8DD8B9FFC6A525FF2FF9D93091865D" box="[147,420,1632,1654]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="97288B32FFC6A525FF2FF9D93091865D" blockId="5.[147,420,1632,1654]" box="[147,420,1632,1654]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<heading id="CC603C5EFFC6A525FF2FF9D93091865D" box="[147,420,1632,1654]" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="5097F0B1FFC6A525FF2FF9D93091865D" ID-CoL="7Q3JR" authority="Semper, 1868" authorityName="Semper" authorityYear="1867" box="[147,420,1632,1654]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFC6A525FF2FF9D93020865E" bold="true" box="[147,277,1632,1653]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Taeniogyrus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F306F6C3FFC6A525FEA0F9D83091865D" author="Semper, C." box="[284,420,1632,1654]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 288" refId="ref9961" refString="Semper, C. 1868. Holothurien. Reisen im Archipel der Philippinen 1: 1 - 288, pls 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1868">Semper, 1868</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DF8DD8B9FFC6A528FF2FF934337E8181" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" type="description">
<paragraph id="97288B32FFC6A525FF2FF93430528689" blockId="5.[147,359,1677,1699]" box="[147,359,1677,1699]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<figureCitation id="0FAC97B7FFC6A525FF2FF93431CA8689" box="[147,255,1677,1699]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="2.[140,199,1830,1849]" captionTargetBox="[139,1444,1335,1813]" captionTargetId="figure-538@2.[130,1450,1326,1821]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 2. Photos of live taeniogyrid specimens. a, Taeniogyrus roebucki (Joshua, 1914) from Flinders rocky shallows, with 2 pairs of digits per tentacle (NMV F73591; photo by Ian Kirwan). b, Trochodota epiphyka O’Loughlin sp. nov. from Cape Bridgewater rocky shallows, with 3 pairs of digits per tentacle (F125372; 32 mm long live; photo by Leon Altoff and Audrey Falconer)." pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Figures 2a</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0FAC97B7FFC6A525FEB6F93430038688" box="[266,310,1677,1699]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="3.[147,207,1722,1741]" captionTargetBox="[146,1450,225,1702]" captionTargetId="figure-8@3.[138,1458,217,1706]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figure 3. Body wall ossicles of specimens of Taeniogyrus Semper, 1868 and Trochodota Ludwig, 1891 (SEM by Tania Bardsley and Phil Bock). a, b, Taeniogyrus roebucki (Joshua, 1914), NMV F82716: a, wheel with continuous series of teeth on inner rim; b, outer curved edge of hook with minute spinelets. c–f, Trochodota allani (Joshua, 1912), F82705: c–e, wheels with discontinuous series of teeth on inner rim, and complex hub; f, sigmoid hooks with minute spinelets on outer curved edge." pageId="5" pageNumber="58">3a,b</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0FAC97B7FFC6A525FEFDF93430528689" box="[321,359,1677,1698]" captionStart-0="Figure 4" captionStart-1="Figure 5" captionStart-2="Figure 6" captionStart-3="Figure 7" captionStartId-0="4.[140,196,1221,1240]" captionStartId-1="5.[147,207,1223,1242]" captionStartId-2="6.[140,200,1717,1736]" captionStartId-3="7.[147,207,1723,1742]" captionTargetBox-0="[139,1444,225,1201]" captionTargetBox-1="[146,1452,227,1203]" captionTargetBox-2="[139,1444,225,1700]" captionTargetBox-3="[145,1452,227,1704]" captionTargetId-0="figure-5@4.[127,1458,215,1215]" captionTargetId-1="figure-8@5.[140,1458,217,1209]" captionTargetId-2="figure-5@6.[130,1453,215,1709]" captionTargetId-3="figure-8@7.[136,1464,217,1716]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionText-0="Figure 4. Body wall ossicles in body mounts from Taeniogyrus Semper species. a, dense wheel clusters and large hooks in Taeniogyrus heterosigmus Heding, 1931, NMV F82707; b, parallel rows of large hooks along edges of longitudinal muscles in body wall of Taeniogyrus roebucki (Joshua, 1914), F73607; c–d, Taeniogyrus tantulus O’Loughlin sp. nov., paratype F59199: c, dorsal body wall with scattered wheels and subequal hooks; d, ventral body wall with hook ossicles only." captionText-1="Figure 5. Taeniogyrus papillis O’Loughlin sp. nov. a, holotype (preserved) from Beachport, with soft papillate body wall, NMV F59195; b, tentacle crown, with predominantly 5 pairs of digits per tentacle, paratype F59197; c, holotype, section of body wall mount, with scattered subequal wheels and hooks; d, body wall hooks and wheel (left), and tentacle rods (right), all subequal (from types)." captionText-2="Figure 6. Taeniogyrus tantulus O’Loughlin sp. nov.(SEM by Tania Bardsley and Phil Bock). a, holotype (preserved) from East Gippsland, NMV F59198; b, 2 tentacles and digits, with smooth-sided rods, paratype F59199; c, calcareous ring plates from paratype, F59199: radial plate above, interradial plate below; d, wheel from body wall, with continuous series of teeth on inner edge of rim, paratype F59199; e, hook from body wall (above), and rod from tentacle, lacking lateral denticulations (below), paratype F59199; f, end of hook from paratype, with spines on outer curved edge, paratype F59199." captionText-3="Figure 7. Taeniogyrus tantulus O’Loughlin sp. nov. (SEM by Didier VandenSpiegel; paratype NMV F59199; all scale bars 10 μm). a, tentacle rods, lacking lateral denticulations; b, hooks from body wall, with spines on outer curved edge; c, wheels from body wall, with continuous series of teeth on inner rim, and complex hub." pageId="5" pageNumber="58">4–7</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="97288B32FFC6A525FF2FF9003378870E" blockId="5.[147,778,1721,1830]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFC6A525FF2FF900331486E5" box="[147,545,1721,1742]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
Diagnosis (as emended by
<bibRefCitation id="F306F6C3FFC6A525FE19F900332F86E5" author="Rowe, F. W. E." box="[421,538,1721,1742]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="203 - 206" refId="ref9852" refString="Rowe, F. W. E. 1976. Restriction of the chiridotid genus Trochodota Ludwig (1891) (Holothurioidea: Apodida), with the description of a new species from South Australia. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 100 (4): 203 - 206." type="journal article" year="1976">Rowe, 1976</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
. Chiridotid genus with wheels and sigmoid ossicles present, scattered, or in groups or clustered into papillae; wheels with serrations continuous around the inner margin; tentacles 10 or 12.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="97288B32FFC6A525FF2FF885323F8745" blockId="5.[147,778,1852,1903]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFC6A525FF2FF88530EB877A" box="[147,478,1852,1874]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
Species in southern
<collectingCountry id="EF80CBA2FFC6A525FEC3F88530EB877A" box="[383,478,1852,1873]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Australia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="5097F0B1FFC6A525FE49F88430148745" authority="Heding, 1931" authorityName="Heding" authorityYear="1931" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="heterosigmus">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFC6A525FE49F884323F877A" box="[501,778,1852,1874]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Taeniogyrus heterosigmus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="F306F6C3FFC6A525FF2FF8E030148745" author="Heding, S. G." box="[147,289,1881,1903]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="637 - 698" refId="ref9537" refString="Heding, S. G. 1931. Uber die Synaptiden des Zoologischen Museums zu Hamburg. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung Systematik, Jena 61: 637 - 698." type="journal article" year="1931">Heding, 1931</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="5097F0B1FFC6A525FE8EF8E333148744" authority="O'Loughlin" authorityName="O'Loughlin" authorityYear="2007" box="[306,545,1881,1903]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="papillis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFC6A525FE8EF8E330A88745" box="[306,413,1881,1903]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">T. papillis</emphasis>
O’Loughlin
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BED0EA5BFFC6A525FD92F8E033B68745" box="[558,643,1881,1902]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
;
<taxonomicName id="5097F0B1FFC6A525FD2EF8E3323F8745" baseAuthorityName="Joshua" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[658,778,1881,1903]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="roebucki">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFC6A525FD2EF8E3323F8745" box="[658,778,1881,1903]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">T. roebucki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="97288B32FFC6A525FC8CFAE034328545" blockId="5.[816,1287,1369,1391]" box="[816,1287,1369,1391]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
(
<bibRefCitation id="F306F6C3FFC6A525FC8BFAE0328F8545" author="Joshua, E. C." box="[823,954,1369,1391]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref9610" refString="Joshua, E. C. 1914. Victorian Holothuroidea, with descriptions of new species. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 27 (1): 1 - 11, figs 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1914">Joshua, 1914</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="5097F0B1FFC6A525FC77FAE035818544" authority="O'Loughlin" authorityName="O'Loughlin" authorityYear="2007" box="[971,1204,1369,1391]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="tantulus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFC6A525FC77FAE035028545" box="[971,1079,1369,1390]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">T. tantulus</emphasis>
O’Loughlin
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BED0EA5BFFC6A525FB06FAE034328545" box="[1210,1287,1369,1390]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="97288B32FFC6A528FC8CFA3C337E8181" blockId="5.[816,1447,1413,1903]" lastBlockId="8.[141,772,229,426]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFC6A525FC8CFA3C32B385B1" box="[816,902,1413,1434]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Remarks</emphasis>
. An abundance of
<taxonomicName id="5097F0B1FFC6A525FBF5FA3F342085B0" authority="(Joshua)" baseAuthorityName="Joshua" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[1097,1301,1413,1435]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="roebucki">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFC6A525FBF5FA3F358C85B1" box="[1097,1209,1413,1435]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">T. roebucki</emphasis>
(Joshua)
</taxonomicName>
material from southernAustralia, including the
<typeStatus id="482C3590FFC6A525FBD6FA1A35958593" box="[1130,1184,1443,1464]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">types</typeStatus>
, is present in the collections of Museum
<collectingRegion id="555345D0FFC6A525FC7CFA79353A85FD" box="[960,1039,1472,1494]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Victoria</collectingRegion>
and was available for comparative examination.
<taxonomicName id="5097F0B1FFC6A525FC05FA67351C85D9" baseAuthorityName="Joshua" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[953,1065,1501,1523]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="roebucki">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFC6A525FC05FA67351C85D9" box="[953,1065,1501,1523]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">T. roebucki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the other 3
<taxonomicName id="5097F0B1FFC6A525FA92FA643242863B" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFC6A525FA92FA64349285D9" box="[1326,1447,1501,1522]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Taeniogyrus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
in southern
<collectingCountry id="EF80CBA2FFC6A525FC4CFA43357F863B" box="[1008,1098,1530,1552]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Australia</collectingCountry>
in having only 2 pairs of digits per tentacle.
<bibRefCitation id="F306F6C3FFC6A525FC3AF9A135338606" author="Rowe, F. W. E. &amp; Gates, J." box="[902,1030,1559,1581]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" pagination="1 - 510" refId="ref9906" refString="Rowe, F. W. E., and Gates, J. 1995. Echinodermata in: Wells, A. (ed.). Zoological Catalogue of Australia 33: i-xiii, 1 - 510. CSIRO: Melbourne. (Referred to throughout this paper as Rowe (1995 ))" type="book chapter" year="1995">Rowe (1995)</bibRefCitation>
reported
<taxonomicName id="5097F0B1FFC6A525FBDCF9A134738606" authority="Heding" authorityName="Heding" authorityYear="1931" box="[1120,1350,1559,1581]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="heterosigmus">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFC6A525FBDCF9A135CC8607" box="[1120,1273,1559,1581]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">T. heterosigmus</emphasis>
Heding
</taxonomicName>
as known only from the
<typeStatus id="482C3590FFC6A525FC03F98C32DC8661" box="[959,1001,1589,1610]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">type</typeStatus>
locality (Koombana Bay in SW
<collectingCountry id="EF80CBA2FFC6A525FA93F98C34B88660" box="[1327,1421,1589,1611]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Australia</collectingCountry>
). I have found specimens at Normanville in Gulf
<collectingCountry id="EF80CBA2FFC6A525FAABF9EB34BD8643" box="[1303,1416,1618,1640]" name="Saint Vincent and the Grenadines" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">St. Vincent</collectingCountry>
in
<collectingRegion id="555345D0FFC6A525FC8CF9D632FD86AE" box="[816,968,1647,1669]" country="Australia" name="South Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">South Australia</collectingRegion>
, in the rock and sediment shallows (NMV F74612 (1), F82706 (4), F82707 (5)), and confirmed their identity with the
<typeStatus id="482C3590FFC6A525FCE9F913324A8694" box="[853,895,1706,1727]" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">type</typeStatus>
(ZMH E.5032).
<taxonomicName id="5097F0B1FFC6A525FB95F91335F18694" authorityName="Heding" authorityYear="1931" box="[1065,1220,1706,1727]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="heterosigmus">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFC6A525FB95F91335F18694" box="[1065,1220,1706,1727]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">T. heterosigmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in 3 significant ways from the other 3 species of
<taxonomicName id="5097F0B1FFC6A525FB17F97E341186F7" authorityName="Semper" authorityYear="1867" box="[1195,1316,1735,1756]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFC6A525FB17F97E341186F7" box="[1195,1316,1735,1756]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Taeniogyrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in southern
<collectingCountry id="EF80CBA2FFC6A525FC8CF95D32BB86D1" box="[816,910,1764,1786]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">Australia</collectingCountry>
: dense round clusters of wheels in the body wall; 2 series of ciliated funnels along the coelomic wall, in the left lateral and right ventral interradii; multiple branching gonad tubules.
<taxonomicName id="5097F0B1FFC6A525FC3FF8853528877A" authorityName="Heding" authorityYear="1931" box="[899,1053,1852,1873]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="heterosigmus">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFC6A525FC3FF8853528877A" box="[899,1053,1852,1873]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">T. heterosigmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="5097F0B1FFC6A525FB20F885343C877A" baseAuthorityName="Joshua" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[1180,1289,1852,1873]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="5" pageNumber="58" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="roebucki">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFC6A525FB20F885343C877A" box="[1180,1289,1852,1873]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="58">T. roebucki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: sigmoid hooks significantly larger than wheels; tentacle rods with lateral denticulations that are papillate or sub-columnar, never with additional fine spinelets apically. In
<taxonomicName id="5097F0B1FFCBA528FE4AFEBA33A7813C" authorityName="Heding" authorityYear="1931" box="[502,658,258,280]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="heterosigmus">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFCBA528FE4AFEBA33A7813C" box="[502,658,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">T. heterosigmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the wheels are in rounded dense clusters; in
<taxonomicName id="5097F0B1FFCBA528FE6FFE993374811E" baseAuthorityName="Joshua" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[467,577,288,309]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="roebucki">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFCBA528FE6FFE993374811E" box="[467,577,288,309]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">T. roebucki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
wheels are in close irregular bands adjacent to the longitudinal muscles, and sparse mid-interradially. In
<taxonomicName id="5097F0B1FFCBA528FEE9FEE230DB8144" authorityName="Heding" authorityYear="1931" box="[341,494,346,368]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="heterosigmus">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFCBA528FEE9FEE230DB8144" box="[341,494,346,368]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">T. heterosigmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the hooks are scattered in all interradii; in
<taxonomicName id="5097F0B1FFCBA528FEB0FEC1304C81A7" baseAuthorityName="Joshua" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[268,377,375,397]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Chiridotidae" genus="Taeniogyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Apodida" pageId="8" pageNumber="61" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="roebucki">
<emphasis id="A5E35720FFCBA528FEB0FEC1304C81A7" box="[268,377,375,397]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="61">T. roebucki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
hooks are aligned transversely in paired series over the edges of longitudinal muscles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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