treatments-xml/data/19/57/5B/19575B62763F0C5EFF4A88B2BB17A7EA.xml

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<mods:title id="C79F79BE51EFE755833474BAFFD3944A">Species of Entoloma (Entolomataceae) with cuboidal basidiospores from Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="08EC7B53BF77C81D4CD0B436F9A2914E">Karstedt, Fernanda</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C151C5EBC3FB88D0177DAD793F51D520">Instituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Micologia, Caixa Postal 68041, 04045 - 902 São Paulo, SP, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="03F98A3C344ED38463640069AB237A44">Bergemann, Sarah E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="350BD5696DCE124E7B3B700D075F9A32">Middle Tennessee State University, Biology Department, PO Box 60, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EEC2C06716DB4C2FF1D76EDB9FA2207E">Gates, Genevieve</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5CD1440B28F404C9694BC1B3AF493D26">9 Winmarleigh Ave, Taroona, Tasmania, 7053, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="440B53B3233A0CB3B08D8619302F08EE">Ratkowsky, David</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9911882C56EC2F76DF409F59B2330960">Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, Private Bag 98, Hobart, Tas. 7001, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3D2478CB143F8DFCCDED6BE58F986AF3">Cunha, Kelmer Martins</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8557D25DCF73D583A271F3AE5EF6C9C3" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2140-9916</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="404AEB6768EF86F3DF996AB75A84BA50">MIND. Funga / MICOLAB, Botany Department, Santa Catarina Federal University, 88040 - 900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. * Correspondence to: fernanda. karstedt @ gmail. com fernanda. karstedt @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2140 - 9916 sarah. bergemann @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7875 - 2040 ggggates @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9561 - 7788 d. ratkowsky @ utas. edu. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7514 - 3570 kelmermartinscunha @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0545 - 5966 mcapelariibot @ yahoo. com; https: // orcid. org / 0009 - 0001 - 0737 - 3681</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EE9CF60195E251B150EFF14DE42C1D8A" type="email">fernanda.karstedt@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="ABE99D91CD24292739DBC79CFE2ABDD9">Capelari, Marina</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="21153196BC245CF69ED365702F3B5FB1">Instituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Micologia, Caixa Postal 68041, 04045 - 902 São Paulo, SP, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="A0C44CB24F1CC606CA27705EAAFBD487">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="519EE62A9013A2434EBA8CFF3785719F">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="47426DB1C07AE40703E026B25C7657DE">654</mods:number>
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<taxonomicName id="56FE91F7763F0C40FF4A88B2BD39A6B6" authority="Karstedt &amp; Capelari" authorityName="Karstedt &amp; Capelari" box="[136,635,950,977]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="manausense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FF4A88B2BED2A6B7" bold="true" box="[136,400,950,977]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Entoloma manausense</emphasis>
Karstedt &amp; Capelari
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, 
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<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FD4488B3BD97A6B6" box="[646,725,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9141EA74763F0C40FF4A88DEBEC2A692" blockId="47.[136,733,950,1049]" box="[136,384,986,1012]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<figureCitation id="09C5F6F1763F0C40FF4A88DEBFA6A692" box="[136,228,986,1012]" captionStart="FIGURE 21" captionStartId="48.[136,229,2024,2046]" captionTargetBox="[191,1396,366,1991]" captionTargetId="figure-72@48.[177,1410,351,1995]" captionTargetPageId="48" captionText="FIGURE 21. Entoloma manausense: a–c. basidiospores: a. FK2066; b. FK2083; c. ACM500; d–e. basidia: d. FK2083; e. FK2066; f. pseudocystidia (FK2066); g. cheilocystidia (FK2066), h. pileipellis (FK2066). Scales: a–g: 10 µm, h: 20 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217107/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Figs. 21</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="09C5F6F1763F0C40FF3288DEBE71A692" box="[240,307,986,1012]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="56.[136,229,1617,1639]" captionTargetBox="[282,1303,202,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-23@56.[273,1312,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="56" captionText="FIGURE 27. Microphotography of basidiospores in electron microscopy: a–d. Entoloma luteobrunneum (FK1693). e–g. E. lycopersicum (TBGAG151); h–j. E. manausense (FK2083); k–n. E. neotropicale (FK2130); o–q. E smurfetti (FK1717). Scale: 5 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217119" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217119/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">27h–j</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="09C5F6F1763F0C40FEFC88DEBEC2A692" box="[318,384,986,1012]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="67.[136,229,2023,2045]" captionTargetBox="[278,1309,616,1988]" captionTargetId="figure-147@67.[269,1318,607,1997]" captionTargetPageId="67" captionText="FIGURE 36. Basidiomas: a–c. Entoloma smurfetti: a. FK1709; b. FK1717; c. FK1741; d–f. E. manausense: d. FK2066; e. FK2083; f. ACM500; g–h. E. paulense: g. FK0821; h. FK1151. Photos: a–e, g–h: F. Karstedt; f: A.C. Magnago. Scale: 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217137" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217137/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">36d–f</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA74763F0C40FF4A88FBBE4DA17F" blockId="47.[136,733,950,1049]" box="[136,271,1022,1049]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">MB 838594</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA74763F0C40FF4A8F4EBC8CA106" blockId="47.[136,1452,1098,1227]" box="[136,974,1098,1120]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
Etymology:— 
<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FED38F4FBECBA106" box="[273,393,1099,1120]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Manausense</emphasis>
refers to the city of Manaus, the 
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locality of the species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA74763F0C40FF4A8F6ABBF0A1E2" blockId="47.[136,1452,1098,1227]" box="[136,1202,1134,1156]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
Diagnosis:— 
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F7763F0C40FEC58F6BBED4A1E2" box="[263,406,1135,1156]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="manausense">
<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FEC58F6BBED4A1E2" box="[263,406,1135,1156]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">E. manausense</emphasis>
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is characterized by a distinctive olive-green basidiome with a squamulose surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA74763F0C40FF4A8F96BFA5A1AD" blockId="47.[136,1452,1098,1227]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<materialsCitation id="2196E029763F0C40FF4A8F96BFA0A1AD" collectingDate="2011-06-28" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="F. Karstedt" country="Brazil" county="Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve" location="Type" municipality="Manaus" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<location id="9421BCAF763F0C40FF4A8F96BFF8A1C1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B62763F0C5EFF4A88B2BB17A7EA:9421BCAF763F0C40FF4A8F96BFF8A1C1" box="[136,186,1170,1191]" country="Brazil" county="Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve" municipality="Manaus" name="Type" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Type</location>
:— 
<collectingCountry id="E9E9AAE4763F0C40FF148F96BE72A1C1" box="[214,304,1170,1191]" name="Brazil" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. 
<location id="9421BCAF763F0C40FEF58F96BEE2A1C1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B62763F0C5EFF4A88B2BB17A7EA:9421BCAF763F0C40FEF58F96BEE2A1C1" box="[311,416,1170,1191]" country="Brazil" county="Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve" municipality="Manaus" name="Amazonas" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Amazonas</location>
: 
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, 
<collectingCounty id="782092F8763F0C40FE3C8F96BC69A1C1" box="[510,811,1170,1192]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve</collectingCounty>
, 
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<collectingDate id="F504355C763F0C40FCF68F96BCF1A1C1" box="[820,947,1170,1191]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="2011-06-28">28 June 2011</collectingDate>
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, 
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<collectorName id="3C0B8FA2763F0C40FC7E8F97BB64A1C1" box="[956,1062,1170,1192]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">F. Karstedt</collectorName>
et al. FK2066
</emphasis>
(
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, 
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; 
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, SP)
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.
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Description:— 
<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FEEC8FFEBE36A072" box="[302,372,1274,1300]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Pileus</emphasis>
<quantity id="56064791763F0C40FEBF8FFEBEBAA073" box="[381,504,1274,1301]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="42.0" valueMin="23.0">23–42 mm</quantity>
diam., conical, broadly conical to applanate with umbo at center, pale olive-green, light ochraceous, olive-green with blue regions, umbo ochre olivaceous, sometimes radially striate, not translucent-striate, rarely hygrophanous, dry, center squamulose-fibrillose, margin adpressed-fibrillose; involute, entire, irregular or torn. 
<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FF268E62BEC6A0E6" box="[228,388,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Pileus context</emphasis>
&lt;
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thick, sky blue. 
<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FD5F8E62BC47A0E6" box="[669,773,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Lamellae</emphasis>
adnexed-sinuate, ventricose (&lt;
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at deepest part), sky blue, with pink spots and greenish bruises, crowded with three tiers of lamellulae, margin concolorous with faces or whitish, entire or slightly irregular. 
<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FDDA8EABBD12A0AF" box="[536,592,1455,1481]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Stipe</emphasis>
50–60 × 
<quantity id="56064791763F0C40FD7E8EAABC59A0AF" box="[700,795,1454,1481]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 mm</quantity>
, slightly attenuated upwards, centrally attached or slightly eccentric, pale sky blue with greenish fibrils at the base and with greenish bruises, glabrous, longitudinally adpressed-fibrillose, slightly sulcate-striate, sometimes twisted, fibrous, hollow, with bluish basal tomentum. 
<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FB3C8EF2BA7BA376" box="[1278,1337,1526,1552]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Odor</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FAB48EF3BAE9A376" box="[1398,1451,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">taste</emphasis>
indistinct. 
<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FF3C8D1FBE3EA352" box="[254,380,1563,1589]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Spore print</emphasis>
on the lamellae pink.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FF7F8D3ABE19A33E" box="[189,347,1598,1624]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Basidiospores</emphasis>
cuboidal with an obvious hilar appendix, excluding the projections 7.5–8.7(–10) × 7.5–10 µm [xm = 8.32 (± 0.7) × 8.84 (± 0.71) µm, Q = 1–1.23(–1.33), Qm = 1.07 (± 0.098), n = 30/3] and diagonally (8.7–)10–11.25(– 12.5) × (8.7–)10–12.5 µm [xm = 10.29 (± 0.76) × 10.9 (± 0.88) µm, Q = 1–1.12(–1.25), Qm = 1.06 (± 0.07), n = 30/3], thin-walled. 
<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FED58DAEBE2FA3A2" box="[279,365,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Basidia</emphasis>
clavate, 37–56 × 8.7–14 µm (n = 21/2), hyaline, thin-walled, 2- or 4-sterigmate. 
<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FAC88DAEBAEEA3A2" box="[1290,1452,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Cheilocystidia</emphasis>
clavate or cylindro-clavate, 35–75 × 8.7–14 µm (n = 30/3), hyaline or with straw yellow or yellow-brown intracellular pigment, thin-walled. 
<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FE478DF6BD65A26A" box="[389,551,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Pleurocystidia</emphasis>
absent. 
<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FD4B8DF6BC71A26A" box="[649,819,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Pseudocystidia</emphasis>
hyphoid, cylindrical or fusiform, sometimes branched, not exceeding the height of the hymenium, 2.5–5 µm diam. (n = 40/2), with yellowish brown intracellular pigment, rarely hyaline or straw yellow, thin-walled. 
<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FD478C3EBC7BA232" box="[645,825,1850,1876]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Lamellar trama</emphasis>
formed by parallel, cylindrical, broadly cylindrical or rarely fusoid hyphae, 3.7–16 µm diam. (n = 31/2), hyaline or with straw yellow intracellular pigment, thin-walled; sub-hymenium branched. 
<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FE6F8C86BD67A2FA" box="[429,549,1922,1948]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Pileitrama</emphasis>
composed of radially arranged, cylindrical or inflated hyphae, 3.7–19 (–22) µm diam. (n = 31/2), hyaline or with straw yellow intracellular pigment, sometimes yellowish brown or olivaceous brown, thin-walled. 
<emphasis id="A38A3666763F0C40FED78CCEBEC5A282" box="[277,391,1994,2020]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Pileipellis</emphasis>
a cutis in transition to a trichoderm; prostrate hyphae, cylindrical, 3.7–10 µm diam. (n = 38/3), hyaline or with straw yellow, yellow-brown or olivaceous brown intracellular pigment, thin-walled; terminal hyphae cylindrical with a rounded apex or, sometimes, cylindro-clavate or slightly ventricose, 49–137 × 6.2–13 µm diam. (n = 43/3), hyaline or with straw yellow, yellow-brown or olivaceous brown intracellular pigment, thin-walled. 
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFAEE8B9ABAEEA5DE" box="[1324,1452,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Stipitipellis</emphasis>
a cutis, hyphae prostrate, 2.5–8.7 µm diam. (n = 10), cylindrical, with straw yellow intracellular pigment, thin-walled. 
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFF4A8BE2BE66A466" box="[136,292,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Caulocystidia</emphasis>
absent. 
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFE4A8BE2BD21A466" box="[392,611,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Clamp connections</emphasis>
present in all tissues. 
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFCAF8BE2BB7EA466" box="[877,1084,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Refractive hyphae</emphasis>
present and pigmented, honey-colored or yellowish brown.
</paragraph>
<caption id="C581BAFC76200C5FFF4A8CECBBE2AD44" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13217107" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13217107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13217107/files/figure.png" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" startId="48.[136,229,2024,2046]" targetBox="[191,1396,366,1991]" targetPageId="48" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="9141EA7476200C5FFF4A8CECBBE2AD44" blockId="48.[136,1451,2024,2082]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFF4A8CECBE49A298" bold="true" box="[136,267,2024,2046]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">FIGURE 21.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776200C5FFED18CECBEAFA298" box="[275,493,2024,2046]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="manausense">
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFED18CECBEAFA298" box="[275,493,2024,2046]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Entoloma manausense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: 
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFE3E8CEDBD5CA298" bold="true" box="[508,542,2025,2046]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">a–c</emphasis>
. basidiospores: 
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFD7C8CEDBD88A298" bold="true" box="[702,714,2025,2046]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">a</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFD1A8CECBC64A29B" box="[728,806,2024,2045]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">FK2066</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFCF78CEDBC00A298" bold="true" box="[821,834,2025,2046]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">b</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFC928CEDBCDCA298" box="[848,926,2025,2046]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">FK2083</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFC6F8CEDBCFAA298" bold="true" box="[941,952,2025,2046]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">c</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFC048CEDBB5EA298" box="[966,1052,2025,2046]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">ACM500</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFBE98CEDBB0DA298" bold="true" box="[1067,1103,2025,2046]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">d–e</emphasis>
. basidia: 
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFB6D8CEDBBFEA298" bold="true" box="[1199,1212,2025,2046]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">d</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFB088CEDBA5BA298" box="[1226,1305,2025,2046]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">FK2083</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFAEA8CEDBA71A298" bold="true" box="[1320,1331,2025,2046]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">e</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFA828CECBACDA29B" box="[1344,1423,2024,2045]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">FK2066</emphasis>
; 
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776200C5FFA5F8CECBE3EAD44" authority="(FK 2066)" baseAuthorityName="FK" baseAuthorityYear="2066" form="pseudocystidia" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" rank="form">
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFA5F8CECBAE7A298" bold="true" box="[1437,1445,2024,2046]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">f</emphasis>
. pseudocystidia (
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFEE78308BE31AD47" box="[293,371,2060,2081]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">FK2066</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
; 
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFE4A8309BED6AD44" bold="true" box="[392,404,2061,2082]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">g</emphasis>
. cheilocystidia (
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFDF18308BDC0AD47" box="[563,642,2060,2081]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">FK2066</emphasis>
), 
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFD548309BDE1AD44" bold="true" box="[662,675,2061,2082]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">h</emphasis>
. pileipellis (
<emphasis id="A38A366676200C5FFCDE8308BC29AD47" box="[796,875,2060,2081]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">FK2066</emphasis>
). Scales: a–g: 10 µm, h: 20 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476210C5EFF7F8B9ABF94A5BA" blockId="49.[136,1452,158,652]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Habitat:—Solitary or slightly gregarious, on wood or, occasionally, in sandy soil with litter, in the Amazon Forest biome.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476210C5EFF7F8BE2BB60A466" blockId="49.[136,1452,158,652]" box="[189,1058,230,257]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Distribution:—The states of Amazonas, 
<collectingRegion id="533A249676210C5EFD438BE2BDB0A466" box="[641,754,230,256]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
and 
<collectingRegion id="533A249676210C5EFCEA8BE2BC89A466" box="[808,971,230,256]" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Espirito Santo</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="E9E9AAE476210C5EFC148BE2BB5CA466" box="[982,1054,230,256]" name="Brazil" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476210C5EFF7F8A0EBDFBA4F6" blockId="49.[136,1452,158,652]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Additional material examined:— 
<materialsCitation id="2196E02976210C5EFDED8A0EBEAAA42E" collectingDate="2011-06-29" collectionCode="INPA" collectorName="F. Karstedt" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" location="Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve" municipality="Manaus" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E9E9AAE476210C5EFDED8A0EBDD5A442" box="[559,663,266,292]" name="Brazil" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingCounty id="782092F876210C5EFD628A0EBC59A442" box="[672,795,266,292]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Amazonas</collectingCounty>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="7125700E76210C5EFCE68A0FBC3DA443" box="[804,895,267,293]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Manaus</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="9421BCAF76210C5EFC4B8A0EBBA9A443" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B62763F0C5EFF4A88B2BB17A7EA:9421BCAF76210C5EFC4B8A0EBBA9A443" box="[905,1259,266,293]" country="Brazil" county="Amazonas" municipality="Manaus" name="Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve</location>
, 
<date id="E540CCB476210C5EFB348A0EBACEA442" box="[1270,1420,266,293]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="2011-06-29">
<collectingDate id="F504355C76210C5EFB348A0EBACEA442" box="[1270,1420,266,293]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="2011-06-29">29 June 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="A38A366676210C5EFA558A0FBEC9A42E" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<collectorName id="3C0B8FA276210C5EFA558A0FBFAAA42E" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">F. Karstedt</collectorName>
et al. FK2083
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="F7EF72B176210C5EFE598A2ABEA3A42E" box="[411,481,302,328]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">INPA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="2196E02976210C5EFE318A2ABD40A40A" collectingDate="2012-12-05" collectionCode="FLOR" collectorName="A. E. Magnago" country="Brazil" location="Augusto Ruschi Biological Reserve" municipality="Santa Teresa" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCode="ACM500" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">
<collectingRegion id="533A249676210C5EFE318A2ABDD5A42E" box="[499,663,302,328]" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Espírito Santo</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="7125700E76210C5EFD608A2ABC71A42F" box="[674,819,302,329]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Santa Teresa</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="9421BCAF76210C5EFCFE8A2ABB93A42F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B62763F0C5EFF4A88B2BB17A7EA:9421BCAF76210C5EFCFE8A2ABB93A42F" box="[828,1233,302,329]" country="Brazil" municipality="Santa Teresa" name="Augusto Ruschi Biological Reserve" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">Augusto Ruschi Biological Reserve</location>
, 
<date id="E540CCB476210C5EFB1E8A2ABAE5A42E" box="[1244,1447,302,329]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="2012-12-05">
<collectingDate id="F504355C76210C5EFB1E8A2ABAE5A42E" box="[1244,1447,302,329]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="2012-12-05">5 December 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="A38A366676210C5EFF4A8A57BEDFA40A" box="[136,413,338,365]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<collectorName id="3C0B8FA276210C5EFF4A8A57BE73A40A" box="[136,305,339,365]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">A. E. Magnago</collectorName>
<specimenCode id="C158420F76210C5EFEFA8A56BEDFA40A" box="[312,413,338,364]" collectionCode="ACM" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/12ic-3ajm" name="Australian Collection of Microorganisms" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">ACM500</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="F7EF72B176210C5EFE6E8A56BEB8A40A" box="[428,506,338,364]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14336" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14336" name="Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="Herbarium">FLOR</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="2196E02976210C5EFDCE8A56BDF7A4F6" collectingDate="2008-11-14" collectorName="F. Karstedt" country="Brazil" location="Paranapiacaba Biological Reserve" municipality="Santo Andre" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">
<collectingRegion id="533A249676210C5EFDCE8A56BDC3A40A" box="[524,641,338,364]" country="Brazil" name="Sao Paulo" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">São Paulo</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="7125700E76210C5EFD498A56BC58A40A" box="[651,794,338,364]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Santo André</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="9421BCAF76210C5EFCE78A56BBE4A40B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:19575B62763F0C5EFF4A88B2BB17A7EA:9421BCAF76210C5EFCE78A56BBE4A40B" box="[805,1190,338,365]" country="Brazil" municipality="Santo Andre" name="Paranapiacaba Biological Reserve" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" stateProvince="Sao Paulo">Paranapiacaba Biological Reserve</location>
, 
<date id="E540CCB476210C5EFB738A56BACEA40A" box="[1201,1420,338,364]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="2008-11-14">
<collectingDate id="F504355C76210C5EFB738A56BACEA40A" box="[1201,1420,338,364]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" value="2008-11-14">14 November 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="A38A366676210C5EFA558A57BE0AA4F6" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<collectorName id="3C0B8FA276210C5EFA558A57BFAAA4F6" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">F. Karstedt</collectorName>
FK1114
</emphasis>
(SP), 
<emphasis id="A38A366676210C5EFE4C8A73BD3BA4F6" box="[398,633,374,400]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<collectorName id="3C0B8FA276210C5EFE4C8A73BD4BA4F6" box="[398,521,374,400]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">F. Karstedt</collectorName>
FK1123b
</emphasis>
(SP)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9141EA7476210C5EFF7F8A9EBB17A7EA" blockId="49.[136,1452,158,652]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Comments:— 
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776210C5EFEA18A9EBD20A4D2" box="[355,610,410,436]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="manausense">
<emphasis id="A38A366676210C5EFEA18A9EBD20A4D2" box="[355,610,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Entoloma manausense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could be confused with 
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776210C5EFCBE8A9FBB68A4D2" box="[892,1066,410,436]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="azureoviride">
<emphasis id="A38A366676210C5EFCBE8A9FBB68A4D2" box="[892,1066,410,436]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">E. azureoviride</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but that species has a pileus with a smooth surface that is blue initially then turns green. 
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776210C5EFCD88ABABB59A4BE" box="[794,1051,446,472]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="manausense">
<emphasis id="A38A366676210C5EFCD88ABABB59A4BE" box="[794,1051,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Entoloma manausense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also differs macroscopically from 
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776210C5EFF4A8AE7BE49A49A" box="[136,267,482,508]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="smurfetti">
<emphasis id="A38A366676210C5EFF4A8AE7BE49A49A" box="[136,267,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">E. smurfetti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
whose pileus has an ochraceous center and an adpressed-fibrillose surface. In contrast, 
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776210C5EFB1A8AE7BAC2A49A" box="[1240,1408,483,508]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="manausense">
<emphasis id="A38A366676210C5EFB1A8AE7BAC2A49A" box="[1240,1408,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">E. manausense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a pileal surface covered with olive-green or ochre-olive fibrils, with a blue color below the fibrils being exposed when the material is old or when the pileal surface is eroded, for example, by rain. The collections FK1114 and FK1123b were published in 
<bibRefCitation id="F56F978576210C5EFE96894ABDC7A70E" author="Karstedt, F. &amp; Capelari, M." box="[340,645,590,616]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="279 - 308" refId="ref39378" refString="Karstedt, F. &amp; Capelari, M. (2013) Inocephalus (Entolomataceae, Agaricales) from Sao Paulo State, Brazil. Nova Hedwigia 96: 279 - 308. https: // doi. org / 10.1127 / 0029 - 5035 / 2012 / 0055" type="journal article" year="2013">Karstedt &amp; Capelari (2013)</bibRefCitation>
as 
<taxonomicName id="56FE91F776210C5EFD6A894BBC11A70E" box="[680,851,590,616]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Entolomataceae" genus="Entoloma" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="azureoviride">
<emphasis id="A38A366676210C5EFD6A894BBC11A70E" box="[680,851,590,616]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">E. azureoviride</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; however, a more thorough investigation applied here has enabled the differentiation of species using morphology and phylogenetic analysis.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>