203 lines
22 KiB
XML
203 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="109B84903A1E6CEBCD2A3F11228EF614">
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<mods:title id="FEE65C3FA6F46D85AB93BB98E3449390">Galagidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A026B40402DE4F5E5A9B0AD35BA4B7EA">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4A4A71E820F8D74CE8AA4A4EB8D7670D">Anthony B. Rylands</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="32ECDE407416DFFECB355CA65BDF2697">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="DCE1C912E3E37AFD73AD9A645EC97B57">2013</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:dateOther id="67A8A986A45A024E61182D8D52AC676F" type="pubDate">2013-03-31</mods:dateOther>
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<mods:publisher id="10F3F68CDDC304F07F9B84385D746C35">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="D93983F30AB9EF16DEA44F729D972453">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="FB13C207680CCAFA628B34A16505111D">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 3 Primates</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03D2E067FFC0FFE9FF9DF3FC6DDEF616" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6657001" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195955719" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6657001" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D2E067FFC0FFE9FF9DF3FC6DDEF616" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D2E067FFC0FFE9FF9DF3FC6DDEF616" lastPageNumber="207" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
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<heading id="D08CE61DFFC0FFE9FF9DF3FC6A47F383" box="[72,126,3100,3150]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
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<figureCitation id="13404DF4FFC0FFE9FF9DF3FC6A47F383" box="[72,126,3100,3150]" captionStart="Plate 14: Galagidae" captionStartId="2.[72,102,3363,3388]" captionTargetBox="[12,2699,16,3633]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="1. Demidoft’s Dwart Galago (Galagoides demidouvi), 2. Thomas’s Dwarf Galago (Galagoides thomasi), 3. Mountain Dwarf Galago (Galagoudes orinus), 4. Rondo Dwart Galago (Galagoides rondoensis), 5. Mozambique Dwart Galago (Galagoides grant), 6. Kenya Coast Dwarf Galago (Galagoudes cocos), 7. Tanzania Coast Dwarf Galago (Galagoides zanzibaricus), 8. Northern Lesser Galago (Galago senegalensis), 9. Somali Lesser Galago (Galago gallarum), 10. Southern Lesser Galago (Galago moholi), 11. Spectacled Lesser Galago (Galago matschier), 12. Bioko Squirrel Galago (Sciurocheirus alleni), 13. Cross River Squirrel Galago (Sciurocheirus cameronensis), 14. Gabon Squirrel Galago (Sciurocheirus gabonensis)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6657071" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6657071/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">16.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36102FAFFC0FFE9FF5AF3FC6916F383" box="[143,815,3100,3150]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BC45171FFC0FFE9FF5AF3FC6916F383" blockId="12.[67,1198,3100,3269]" box="[143,815,3100,3150]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
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<heading id="D08CE61DFFC0FFE9FF5AF3FC6916F383" box="[143,815,3100,3150]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
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<vernacularName id="0578215FFFC0FFE9FF5AF3FC6916F383" box="[143,815,3100,3150]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Northern Needle-clawed Galago</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36102FAFFC0FFE9FCA1F3FC6E91F383" box="[884,1192,3100,3150]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC45171FFC0FFE9FCA1F3FC6E91F383" blockId="12.[67,1198,3100,3269]" box="[884,1192,3100,3150]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
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<heading id="D08CE61DFFC0FFE9FCA1F3FC6E91F383" box="[884,1192,3100,3150]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B2AF2FFC0FFE9FCA1F3FC6E91F383" ID-CoL="3CHNM" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[884,1192,3100,3150]" class="Mammalia" family="Galagidae" genus="Euoticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">
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<emphasis id="B90F8D63FFC0FFE9FCA1F3FC6E91F383" box="[884,1192,3100,3150]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Euoticus pallidus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36102FAFFC0FFE9FF91F380684BF30E" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BC45171FFC0FFE9FF91F3806E01F3B8" blockId="12.[67,1198,3100,3269]" box="[68,1080,3168,3189]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
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<heading id="D08CE61DFFC0FFE9FF91F3806E01F3B8" box="[68,1080,3168,3189]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
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<emphasis id="B90F8D63FFC0FFE9FF91F3806AA8F3B8" bold="true" box="[68,145,3168,3189]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0578215FFFC0FFE9FF4FF3806B34F3B8" box="[154,269,3168,3189]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Galago pale</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B90F8D63FFC0FFE9FEF7F3806B44F3B8" bold="true" box="[290,381,3168,3189]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0578215FFFC0FFE9FE52F38068A9F3B8" box="[391,656,3168,3189]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Nordlicher Kielnagelgalago</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B90F8D63FFC0FFE9FD71F38068C6F3B8" bold="true" box="[676,767,3168,3189]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0578215FFFC0FFE9FCDCF3806E01F3B8" box="[777,1080,3168,3189]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Galago de garras septentrional</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC45171FFC0FFE9FF91F367684BF30E" blockId="12.[67,1198,3100,3269]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
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<heading id="D08CE61DFFC0FFE9FF91F367684BF30E" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
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<emphasis id="B90F8D63FFC0FFE9FF91F3676B03F351" bold="true" box="[68,314,3207,3228]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Other common names:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="0578215FFFC0FFE9FE91F367689BF351" box="[324,674,3207,3228]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Northern Needle-clawed Bushbaby</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="0578215FFFC0FFE9FD64F3676ADEF30E" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Pallid Needle-clawed Galago; Bioko Needle-clawed Galago (pallidus)</vernacularName>
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,
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<vernacularName id="0578215FFFC0FFE9FF23F34E684BF30E" box="[246,626,3246,3267]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Nigeria Needle-clawed Galago (talbot))</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36102FAFFC0FFE9FF96F3146875F2DC" box="[67,588,3316,3345]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BC45171FFC0FFE9FF96F3146875F2DC" blockId="12.[66,964,3316,3352]" box="[67,588,3316,3345]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
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<emphasis id="B90F8D63FFC0FFE9FF96F3146AE7F2DC" bold="true" box="[67,222,3316,3345]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B2AF2FFC0FFE9FF39F314687EF2DC" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1863" box="[236,583,3316,3345]" class="Mammalia" family="Galagidae" genus="Otogale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallida">Otogale pallida Gray, 1863</taxonomicName>
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,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36102FAFFC0FFE9FD82F31469FAF2DC" box="[599,963,3316,3345]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BC45171FFC0FFE9FD82F31469FAF2DC" blockId="12.[66,964,3316,3352]" box="[599,963,3316,3345]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
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<materialsCitation id="3B135B2CFFC0FFE9FD82F31469FAF2DC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3813040301" box="[599,963,3316,3345]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Equatorial Guinea, Bioko.</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36102FAFFC0FFE9F878FEC06277FE7A" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BC45171FFC0FFE9F878FEC06277FE7A" blockId="12.[1964,2550,288,715]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
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Formerly considered to be a subspecies of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B2AF2FFC0FFE9F803FEA762B7FEA5" authorityName="Le Conte" authorityYear="1857" box="[2006,2190,327,360]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" genus="Luoticus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elegantulus">E. elegantulus</taxonomicName>
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. C. P. Groves in 1989 elevated it to a full species. Two subspecies recognized.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36102FAFFC0FFE9F878FE21635BFDB1" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" type="distribution">
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<caption id="DF0401F9FFC0FFE9F878FE21635BFDB1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6657063" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6657063" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6657063/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" targetBox="[1351,1932,298,704]" targetPageId="12">
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<paragraph id="8BC45171FFC0FFE9F878FE216305FE13" blockId="12.[1964,2550,288,715]" box="[1965,2364,449,478]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
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<emphasis id="B90F8D63FFC0FFE9F878FE216305FE13" bold="true" box="[1965,2364,449,478]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Subspecies and Distribution.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC45171FFC0FFE9F879FE096346FDCB" blockId="12.[1964,2550,288,715]" box="[1964,2431,489,518]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B2AF2FFC0FFE9F879FE096346FDCB" authority="Gray, 1863" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1863" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[1964,2431,489,518]" class="Mammalia" family="Galagidae" genus="Euoticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pallidus" subSpecies="pallidus">E. p. pallidusGray, 1863 — BiokoI.</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC45171FFC0FFE9F879FDEC635BFDB1" blockId="12.[1964,2550,288,715]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B2AF2FFC0FFE9F879FDEC6322FDE0" authority="Dollman, 1910" authorityName="Dollman" authorityYear="1910" box="[1964,2331,524,557]" class="Mammalia" family="Galagidae" genus="Euoticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="pallidus" subSpecies="talboti">E. p. talboti Dollman, 1910</taxonomicName>
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— found patchily between the Niger and Sanaga rivers in SE Nigeria and NW Cameroon.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36102FAFFC0FFE9F879FD626375FB3D" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC45171FFC0FFE9F879FD626375FB3D" blockId="12.[1964,2550,288,715]" lastBlockId="12.[1341,2549,720,2523]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
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<emphasis id="B90F8D63FFC0FFE9F879FD626291FD6E" bold="true" box="[1964,2216,642,675]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 16-20 cm, tail 28-32 cm, weight 200-260 g. The Northern Needle-clawed
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B2AF2FFC0FFE9F961FD306D2CFD3C" box="[1716,1813,720,753]" class="Mammalia" family="Galagidae" genus="Galago" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Galago</taxonomicName>
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is generally smaller and paler than the Southern Needle-clawed
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B2AF2FFC0FFE9F9CBFD176CB9FCD5" box="[1566,1664,759,792]" class="Mammalia" family="Galagidae" genus="Galago" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Galago</taxonomicName>
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(FE.
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B2AF2FFC0FFE9F913FD176D62FCD5" authorityName="Le Conte" authorityYear="1857" box="[1734,1883,759,792]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myristicaceae" genus="Luoticus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="elegantulus">elegantulus</taxonomicName>
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), with a longer bushy tail. The upper bodyis pale reddish or buffy-brown to reddish-gray, noticeably grayer on the arms, shoulders, neck, and tail. It has a dark red-brown dorsal stripe running from behind the area between the shoulder blades to the lumbar region. The underside is yellowish-white to gray-white. The face is light buff and characterized by a pair of black eye-rings surrounding very large, bright, orangey-gold eyes. Their long dark ears have no extra fold. Penile morphology is distinct from that of Southern Needle-clawed
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B2AF2FFC0FFE9F692FC046392FBC8" box="[2375,2475,996,1029]" class="Mammalia" family="Galagidae" genus="Galago" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Galago</taxonomicName>
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. The “Bioko Needle-clawed
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B2AF2FFC0FFE9F95CFBEB6CD0FBE1" box="[1673,1769,1035,1068]" class="Mammalia" family="Galagidae" genus="Galago" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Galago</taxonomicName>
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” (E. p.
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B2AF2FFC0FFE9F888FBEB6DFCFBE1" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[1885,1989,1035,1068]" class="Mammalia" family="Galagidae" genus="Euoticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">pallidus</taxonomicName>
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) is dull cinnamon-gray above, with an indistinct, brownish-red dorsal stripe and whitish-gray underparts. The black of the eye-rings continues on to the nose, so that only the interorbital region is whitish. The “Nigeria Needle-clawed
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B2AF2FFC0FFE9F94DFB616CC1FB6F" box="[1688,1784,1153,1186]" class="Mammalia" family="Galagidae" genus="Galago" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Galago</taxonomicName>
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” (E. p. talboti) is lighter colored above than the nominate subspecies, with a more distinct dorsal stripe and yellowish-white undersides. The interorbital white stripe tends to extend up to between the eye-rings.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C36102FAFFC0FFE9FA94FB1F6D30FA79" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BC45171FFC0FFE9FA94FB1F6D30FA79" blockId="12.[1341,2549,720,2523]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
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<emphasis id="B90F8D63FFC0FFE9FA94FB1F6F89FAD5" bold="true" box="[1345,1456,1279,1304]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Primary, secondary, tropical moist, montane, lowland, evergreen, young and old secondary forest, and riparian swamp forests, also tree plantations. The Northern Needle-clawed
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B2AF2FFC0FFE9F9C0FAA66C4FFAAA" box="[1557,1654,1350,1383]" class="Mammalia" family="Galagidae" genus="Galago" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Galago</taxonomicName>
|
||
prefers midto high canopy above 15 m. It appears to be largely confined to lower elevations, perhaps due to a paucity or absence of gum-producing trees at elevations above 1600 m.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36102FAFFC0FFE9FA94FA5C6D6CF9E7" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" type="food_feeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC45171FFC0FFE9FA94FA5C6D6CF9E7" blockId="12.[1341,2549,720,2523]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F8D63FFC0FFE9FA94FA5C6C70FA10" bold="true" box="[1345,1609,1468,1501]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
|
||
The Northern Needle-clawed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B2AF2FFC0FFE9F7D4FA5C625BFA10" box="[2049,2146,1468,1501]" class="Mammalia" family="Galagidae" genus="Galago" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Galago</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a specialized gummivore, feeding primarily on gums but also saps and resins, supplemented with fruit, young leaves, insects, and an occasional bird.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36102FAFFC0FFE9FA95F9D66D92F96D" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC45171FFC0FFE9FA95F9D66D92F96D" blockId="12.[1341,2549,720,2523]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F8D63FFC0FFE9FA95F9D66FFFF99E" bold="true" box="[1344,1478,1590,1619]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
A single young is born each year. The mother carries her offspring in her mouth for the first two months and afterwards on her fur. Pregnant females have been found in January, May, June, and November.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36102FAFFC0FFE9FAEBF94C6D61F8A8" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC45171FFC0FFE9FAEBF94C6D61F8A8" blockId="12.[1341,2549,720,2523]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F8D63FFC0FFE9FAEBF94C6C13F904" bold="true" box="[1342,1578,1708,1737]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
Northern Needle-clawed Galagos are arboreal and nocturnal. They move with ease on broad supports and can grip smooth surfaces with their claw-like nails. They often descend tree trunks head first. They can make horizontal leaps between adjoining trees and will also sometimes drop vertically with outstretched limbs. Hollow trees are used as sleepingsites.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36102FAFFC0FFE9FAEAF88C6370F79F" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC45171FFC0FFE9FAEAF88C6370F79F" blockId="12.[1341,2549,720,2523]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F8D63FFC0FFE9FAEAF88C6DC0F840" bold="true" box="[1343,2041,1900,1933]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
The Northern Needle-clawed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B2AF2FFC0FFE9F67EF88C6F58F878" class="Mammalia" family="Galagidae" genus="Galago" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Galago</taxonomicName>
|
||
is usually solitary. The home range of a male overlaps those of several females. Individuals sleep in huddles of up to five or, more often, singly in dense foliage and in tree forks. When sleeping communally, they produce a distinct gathering call at dawn. (Calls that are common to both species of needle-clawed galago are single high-pitched units often repeated in long sequences (“t’'ya”) and long, harsh screeches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36102FAFFC0FFE9FAEAF7BC6339F641" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC45171FFC0FFE9FAEAF7BC6339F641" blockId="12.[1341,2549,720,2523]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F8D63FFC0FFE9FAEAF7BC6CA1F7B4" bold="true" box="[1343,1688,2140,2169]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
CITES Appendix II. Classified as Least Concern on The [UCN Red List. The subspecies
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B2AF2FFC0FFE9F949F7606D3DF76C" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1863" box="[1692,1796,2176,2209]" class="Mammalia" family="Galagidae" genus="Euoticus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Primates" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pallidus">pallidus</taxonomicName>
|
||
on Bioko Island is classified as Endangered because it has a tiny geographic distribution, which is undergoing continual destruction and degradation. It occurs in Korup National Park and Banyang-Mbo Widlife Sanctuary in Cameroon and Cross River National Park, Okomu National Park, Afi Mountain Wildife Sanctuary, and Mamu River Forest Reserve in Nigeria. It also is found in the proposed Mount Kupe Forest Reserve in Cameroon, Iko Esai “Community Forest” in Nigeria, and Southern Highlands Scientific Reserve on Bioko Island.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36102FAFFC0FFE9FAEAF67C6DDEF616" pageId="12" pageNumber="207" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC45171FFC0FFE9FAEAF67C6DDEF616" blockId="12.[1341,2549,720,2523]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90F8D63FFC0FFE9FAEAF67C6FE1F678" bold="true" box="[1343,1496,2460,2485]" pageId="12" pageNumber="207">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Ambrose (1999), Bearder & Honess (1992), Eisentraut (1973), Malbrandt & MacLatchy (1949), Oates (1969, 2011), Oates & Jewell (1967), Sanderson (1940).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |