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<document id="25C197B06BB1CE95CD4CBE523CFD19A3" ID-CLB-Dataset="276814" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5141.3.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="816bda2d-cf1e-45fc-9999-79760521b351" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6592830" ID-ZooBank="D2DE625C-093C-41F3-A57D-EC0C0F718273" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1653902422077" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dantas, Galileu P. S., Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany &amp; Hamada, Neusa" docDate="2022" docId="CF5E879E9842DF5078CBFD06FBCF8AF9" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5141.3.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5141 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Limnophyes llanero Dantas &amp; Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Hamada 2022, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="299" masterDocId="3367FFE69843DF54785CFFD0FFC68E2B" masterDocTitle="A new species of Limnophyes Eaton, 1875 (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Llanos Orientales, Colombia" masterLastPageNumber="300" masterPageNumber="295" pageNumber="296" updateTime="1699341403189" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="11041CA2401C844CB0D4791AE5822D4A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="BB96EB1D56CBB67B63715173EAF19E8C">
<mods:title id="D7A269F14FE0C6296B916856450243EB">A new species of Limnophyes Eaton, 1875 (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Llanos Orientales, Colombia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="4BA38C7D4320CFAB4B7461F03C31318B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="FD252DCDC92AADB268C4195A796D3ADE">
<mods:roleTerm id="F34AF0605EB302ED8120B8467E29C032">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B607F079237EBC9F9EC2441091ADB721">Dantas, Galileu P. S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="AD65B8009F3BA3E40299A6F51CE9F43F">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Coordenação de Biodiversidade (CoBio), Divisão de Curso em Entomologia (DiEnt), Av. André Araújo, 2936, 69067 - 375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:role id="B064201EB2BBB363748694A2FAB103FA">
<mods:roleTerm id="8FB00A67FF358264BE2425484735EBBB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D91729BE875EA1B2793289420F0A8DC1">Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="416B7E1C9092BF0C03D482555AD34DE9">Universidad de la Amazonia, Grupo de Investigación en Entomología Universidad de la Amazonia - GIEU-, Laboratorio de Entomología, Av. 11 5 - 69 Juan XXIII, Florencia, Caquetá, Colombia.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F1A8E0C787C82DD9709C7C2BA5A708BE">Hamada, Neusa</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DD22978110B1F32B44A8D3A5614C40B7" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3526-5426</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="2025765692E9CF55C00A21E97B1A6527">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Coordenação de Biodiversidade (CoBio), Divisão de Curso em Entomologia (DiEnt), Av. André Araújo, 2936, 69067 - 375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. &amp; nhamada @ inpa. gov. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3526 - 5426</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="ACFE415018C3266B19998C6D7DBFDFF0" type="email">nhamada@inpa.gov.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title id="57575984DA4E4E8B5D347F37E419BAF8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="87CFBBB3BC930690419F3FDF110DB354">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="19E6B86BDC14477FFA245615C94A0F95">2022-05-26</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="2C3AF62FC47FFF6B38E66E57913C4727" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5141.3.7</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="CF5E879E9842DF5078CBFD06FBCF8AF9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6592838" ID-GBIF-Taxon="217268361" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6592838" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF5E879E9842DF5078CBFD06FBCF8AF9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF5E879E9842DF5078CBFD06FBCF8AF9" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="299" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
<subSubSection id="0FED65039842DF5578CBFD06FE158CDA" box="[151,467,726,753]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="474836889842DF5578CBFD06FE158CDA" blockId="1.[151,467,726,753]" box="[151,467,726,753]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
<heading id="1C0081E49842DF5578CBFD06FE158CDA" bold="true" box="[151,467,726,753]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" reason="1">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9842DF5578CBFD06FE158CDA" bold="true" box="[151,467,726,753]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9842DF5578CBFD06FE4F8CDA" ID-CoL="9J58B" authority="Dantas &amp; Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Hamada, 2022" authorityName="Dantas &amp; Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Hamada" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,393,726,753]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Limnophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="llanero" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9842DF5578CBFD06FE4F8CDA" bold="true" box="[151,393,726,753]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Limnophyes llanero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB057E19842DF5579CDFD07FE158CDA" box="[401,467,727,753]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FED65039842DF5578CBFCCFFAA28D76" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="474836889842DF5578CBFCCFFAA28D76" blockId="1.[151,1437,798,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9842DF5578CBFCCFFE818D13" bold="true" box="[151,327,798,825]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="F79F3CD59842DF55790CFCCFFAA28D76" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4435886301" collectingDate="2021-01-25" collectionCode="LEUA" collectorName="Ramos-Pastrana Y." country="Colombia" latitude="4.136389" location="Cond. Campestre Sol del Llano" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.88139" municipality="Puerto Lopez" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Meta" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="984C882A9842DF55790CFCCFFE7B8D12" box="[336,445,799,825]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
: male,
<collectingCountry id="3FE076189842DF557A53FCCFFD618D12" box="[527,679,799,825]" name="Colombia" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="8533F86A9842DF557AE8FCCFFCBE8D12" box="[692,888,799,825]" country="Colombia" name="Meta" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Meta department</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="A72CACF29842DF557BD9FCCFFBE68D12" box="[901,1056,799,825]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Puerto Lopéz</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="422860539842DF557C71FCCFFA5E8D12" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF5E879E9842DF5078CBFD06FBCF8AF9:422860539842DF557C71FCCFFA5E8D12" box="[1069,1432,799,825]" country="Colombia" latitude="4.136389" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.88139" municipality="Puerto Lopez" name="Cond. Campestre Sol del Llano" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" stateProvince="Meta">Cond. Campestre Sol del Llano</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C3504F9842DF5578CBFC93FEE28D76" box="[151,292,835,861]" degrees="04" direction="north" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" precision="15" seconds="11" value="4.136389">04º08’11’’N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="22C3504F9842DF557973FC92FE068D76" box="[303,448,834,861]" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" precision="15" seconds="53" value="-72.88139">72º52’53’’W</geoCoordinate>
, 211 meters a.s.l.,
<date id="334910489842DF557AD3FC92FD3D8D76" box="[655,763,834,861]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" value="2021-01-25">
<collectingDate id="230DE9A09842DF557AD3FC92FD3D8D76" box="[655,763,834,861]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" value="2021-01-25">25.i.2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectingMethod id="9EB64E9F9842DF557B5BFC93FC538D76" box="[775,917,835,861]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
,
<collectorName id="EA02535E9842DF557BFCFC93FBB28D76" box="[928,1140,835,861]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Ramos-Pastrana Y.</collectorName>
leg. (
<collectionCode id="21E6AE4D9842DF557CEEFC93FB398D76" box="[1202,1279,835,861]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">LEUA</collectionCode>
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9842DF557CA3FC93FACB8D76" bold="true" box="[1279,1293,835,861]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">–</emphasis>
43037).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FED65039842DF55789BFCB7FB908A3A" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="474836889842DF55789BFCB7FC5C8D8E" blockId="1.[151,1437,798,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9842DF55789BFCB7FE888DAA" bold="true" box="[199,334,871,897]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Etymology.</emphasis>
Llanero is the name given to people and things from the Llanos, the ecoregion where the new species was collected. The name is to be treated as a noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474836889842DF55789BFC7EFB908A3A" blockId="1.[151,1437,798,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9842DF55789BFC7EFDDD8DE2" bold="true" box="[199,539,942,969]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Diagnostic characters. Male.</emphasis>
Antenna with 13 flagellomeres, AR 0.90; with scattered lanceolate setae present in the humeral and prescutellar area; epimeron II with six setae, posterior anepisternum II with one seta, preepisternum without setae; apex of gonostylus expanded, with well-developed crista dorsalis.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0FED65039842DF57789BFBCAFF308C16" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="298" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" type="description">
<paragraph id="474836889842DF55789BFBCAFE1C8A72" blockId="1.[151,1437,798,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9842DF55789BFBCAFE5B8A1E" bold="true" box="[199,413,1050,1077]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Description. Male</emphasis>
(n = 1). Total length
<quantity id="800F9B6D9842DF557AD2FBCAFD308A1E" box="[654,758,1050,1077]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.57" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" unit="mm" value="1.57">1.57 mm</quantity>
. Wing length
<quantity id="800F9B6D9842DF557BCEFBCAFC3C8A1E" box="[914,1018,1050,1077]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" unit="mm" value="0.85">0.85 mm</quantity>
. Total length/wing length 1.84. Wing length/profemur length 2.26.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474836889842DF55789BFBB3FD2D8A8A" blockId="1.[151,1437,798,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9842DF55789BFBB3FE848A56" box="[199,322,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Coloration</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="DFCC2A0D9842DF557909FBB3FE278A56" box="[341,481,1123,1149]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1679,1703]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1653]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[151,1435,179,1654]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Limnophyes llanero sp. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae), adult male:A. Head, in frontal view. B. Thorax, in lateral view. C. Wing. D. Abdomen, in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6592832" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6592832/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Figs. 1A–D</figureCitation>
). Blackish brown; wing membrane with pale brownish tinge; legs uniformly dark brown except trochanter and base of the femora pale.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474836889842DF55789BFB7BFBF58AEE" blockId="1.[151,1437,798,2013]" box="[199,1075,1195,1221]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9842DF55789BFB7BFEEA8AEE" box="[199,300,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Antenna.</emphasis>
AR 0.90. With 13 flagellomeres, ultimate flagellomere 268 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474836889842DF55789BFB1FFE598B7E" blockId="1.[151,1437,798,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9842DF55789BFB1FFEC28AC2" box="[199,260,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="DFCC2A0D9842DF55794FFB1FFEAA8AC2" box="[275,364,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1679,1703]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1653]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[151,1435,179,1654]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Limnophyes llanero sp. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae), adult male:A. Head, in frontal view. B. Thorax, in lateral view. C. Wing. D. Abdomen, in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6592832" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6592832/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
). Temporal setae 5, including 2 inners vertical, 1 outer vertical and 2 postorbitals. Clypeus with 12 setae. Tentorium 106 µm long, 17 µm wide at sieve pore, 10 µm wide at posterior tentorial pit. Stipes 90 µm long, 5 µm wide. Palp segment lengths (in µm): 17, 21, 48, 65, 108. Third palpomere with at least one sensilla clavata in apical third, 8 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474836889842DF55789BFA8FFCCD8822" blockId="1.[151,1437,798,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9842DF55789BFA8FFEDE8B52" box="[199,280,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="DFCC2A0D9842DF557975FA8FFE448B52" box="[297,386,1375,1401]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1679,1703]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1653]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[151,1435,179,1654]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Limnophyes llanero sp. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae), adult male:A. Head, in frontal view. B. Thorax, in lateral view. C. Wing. D. Abdomen, in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6592832" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6592832/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
). Antepronotal lobes slightly projecting dorsally. Antepronotals consisting of 3 lateral and 5 dorsal setae. Acrostichals small, in lateral view difficult to discern from the microtrichiae covering the thorax. Dorsocentrals consisting of 5–7 scattered lanceolate setae in the humeral area, 4 lanceolate prescutellars and 10 simple setae; prealars 7–8, extending anteriorly in single row; preepisternum without setae; posterior anepisternum II with 1 seta; epimeron II with 5 setae. Scutellum with 5 setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474836889842DF55789BF9C3FBD5887A" blockId="1.[151,1437,798,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9842DF55789BF9C3FEC78807" box="[199,257,1555,1580]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Wing</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="DFCC2A0D9842DF557953F9C3FEA68806" box="[271,352,1555,1581]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1679,1703]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1653]" captionTargetId="figure-26@2.[151,1435,179,1654]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Limnophyes llanero sp. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae), adult male:A. Head, in frontal view. B. Thorax, in lateral view. C. Wing. D. Abdomen, in dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6592832" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6592832/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Fig 1C</figureCitation>
). VR 1.39. Costal extension 80 µm long. C with 56 setae, R with 2 setae, brachiolum with 1 seta, other veins bare. Squama with 4 setae. Wing membrane with coarse punctation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474836889842DF55789BF98BFA48892E" blockId="1.[151,1437,798,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9842DF55789BF98BFF3A885F" box="[199,252,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Legs</emphasis>
. Foreleg: femur 378 μm long; tibia 462 μm long, with single, apical spur 43 μm long; tarsomere lengths (ta
<subScript id="DB7334CD9842DF5578E9F941FF7B88B4" attach="left" box="[181,189,1681,1695]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">1</subScript>
–ta
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in
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μm): 268, 152, 115, 60, 50; LR 0.58, BV 2.94, SV 3.13. Mid leg: femur 360 μm long; tibia 355 μm long, with two apical spurs 20 μm long; tarsomere lengths (ta
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–ta
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μm): 195, 86, 60, 35, 45; LR 0.55, BV 4.03, SV 3.67. Hind leg: femur 370 μm long, tibia 440 μm long, with an apical spur 39 μm long; comb with 11 bristles; tarsomere lengths (ta
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–ta
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μm): 247, 108, 105, 44, 49; LR 0.56, BV 3.45, SV 3.28. Claws curved, pulvilli multi-branched.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474836889842DF55789BF8DFFCB88992" blockId="1.[151,1437,798,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9842DF55789BF8DFFE908903" box="[199,342,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Hypopygium</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="DFCC2A0D9842DF55793AF8DFFE2B8902" box="[358,493,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1980,2004]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,597,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-226@3.[157,1430,597,1957]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Limnophyes llanero sp. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae), adult male: A. Hypopygium, in dorsal view. B–C. Hypopygium in dorsal view, with tergite IX removed. Scale bar = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6592834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6592834/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Figs. 2A–C</figureCitation>
). Anal point well-developed, triangular, covered with microtrichia and with about 6 marginal setae (
<figureCitation id="DFCC2A0D9842DF557917F8E3FE608966" box="[331,422,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1980,2004]" captionTargetBox="[157,1430,597,1942]" captionTargetId="figure-226@3.[157,1430,597,1957]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Limnophyes llanero sp. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae), adult male: A. Hypopygium, in dorsal view. B–C. Hypopygium in dorsal view, with tergite IX removed. Scale bar = 50 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6592834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6592834/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
); laterosternite IX with 3 setae. Phallapodeme 48 µm long, with median bi- or trifurcated projection; transverse sternapodeme arched, 65 µm long. Virga consisting of two spines, 26 µm long. Gonocoxite 100 µm long; inferior volsella of
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9842DF557A44F8ABFDB189BF" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[536,631,1915,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Limnophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="296" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimus">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9842DF557A44F8ABFDB189BF" box="[536,631,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">minimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group
<typeStatus id="984C882A9842DF557A97F8ABFD3989BE" box="[715,767,1915,1941]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">type</typeStatus>
. Gonostylus 56 µm long, expanded at apex; crista dorsalis well-developed; megaseta forked, 10 µm long. HR 1.79; HV 2.80.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="474836889842DF55789BF813FD6889F6" blockId="1.[151,1437,798,2013]" box="[199,686,1986,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9842DF55789BF813FDED89F7" bold="true" box="[199,555,1986,2013]" pageId="1" pageNumber="296">Female imago and immatures</emphasis>
. Unknown.
</paragraph>
<caption id="138866009841DF5678CBF95FFDDA88E7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6592832" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6592832" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6592832/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" startId="2.[151,250,1679,1703]" targetBox="[151,1435,179,1653]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="474836889841DF5678CBF95FFDDA88E7" blockId="2.[151,1437,1679,1740]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9841DF5678CBF95FFED4888C" bold="true" box="[151,274,1679,1703]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9841DF56794BF940FE198883" authority="Dantas &amp; Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Hamada, 2022" authorityName="Dantas &amp; Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Hamada" authorityYear="2022" box="[279,479,1680,1704]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Limnophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="llanero" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9841DF56794BF940FE198883" box="[279,479,1680,1704]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Limnophyes llanero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB057E19841DF5679B9F940FDDA888C" box="[485,540,1680,1704]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" rank="species">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9841DF5679B9F940FDD08883" bold="true" box="[485,534,1680,1704]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">sp. n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9841DF567A75F940FDBC8883" box="[553,634,1680,1704]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9841DF567ADFF940FCDE8883" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1834" box="[643,792,1680,1704]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chironomidae</taxonomicName>
), adult male: A. Head, in frontal view. B. Thorax, in lateral view. C. Wing. D. Abdomen, in dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="474836889841DF57789BF929FF308C16" blockId="2.[151,1437,1785,2028]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="298" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9841DF56789BF929FE78893F" bold="true" box="[199,446,1785,1812]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Taxonomic remarks.</emphasis>
The new species is described based only in
<specimenCount id="51F1FD019841DF567BEEF92AFB8A893F" box="[946,1100,1786,1812]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
due to the low density, represented by the number of specimens collected in the Malaise trap, however, with the morphological characteristics presented in the description section there is no doubt about its identity. In the key to males of Neotropical
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9841DF567D17F893FEF689AB" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9841DF567D17F893FF1189AB" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Limnophyes</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23664B799841DF56791CF8B6FD9189AA" author="Pinho, L. C. &amp; Andersen, T." box="[320,599,1894,1921]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" pagination="137 - 144" refId="ref3056" refString="Pinho, L. C. &amp; Andersen, T. (2015) Limnophyes guarani sp. n. a new hygropetric Orthocladiinae from southern Brazil (Diptera: Chironomidae). Zootaxa, 3948 (1), 137 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3948.1.9" type="journal article" year="2015">Pinho &amp; Andersen 2015</bibRefCitation>
), the new species key to couplet 6:
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9841DF567BB1F8B7FA9B89AB" authority="(Edwards, 1931)" baseAuthorityName="Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[1005,1373,1894,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Limnophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subnudicolis">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9841DF567BB1F8B7FB5C89AB" box="[1005,1178,1894,1920]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">L. subnudicolis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="23664B799841DF567CF5F8B6FA9389AB" author="Edwards, F. W." box="[1193,1365,1894,1920]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" pagination="233 - 331" refId="ref2688" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1931) Chironomidae. In: Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile II (5). Trustees of the British Museum, Natural History, London, pp, 233 - 331." type="book chapter" year="1931">Edwards, 1931</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="3FE076189841DF5678CBF85AFEC0898F" box="[151,262,1930,1956]" name="Argentina" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Argentina</collectingCountry>
and
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9841DF567961F85BFD6E898F" authority="Sublette &amp; Sasa, 1994" authorityName="Sublette &amp; Sasa" authorityYear="1994" box="[317,680,1930,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Limnophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariae">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9841DF567961F85BFE6F898F" box="[317,425,1931,1956]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">L. mariae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23664B799841DF5679ECF85AFD6E898F" author="Sublette, J. E. &amp; Sasa, M." box="[432,680,1930,1956]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" pagination="1 - 60" refId="ref3493" refString="Sublette, J. E. &amp; Sasa, M. (1994) Chironomidae collected in Onchocerciasis endemic areas in Guatemala (Insecta, Diptera). Spixiana, 20 (Supplement), 1 - 60. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631293 X 00316" type="journal article" year="1994">Sublette &amp; Sasa, 1994</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="3FE076189841DF567AB0F85AFCAF898F" box="[748,873,1930,1956]" name="Guatemala" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
. However,
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9841DF567BBAF85AFB03898F" authority="Dantas &amp; Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Hamada, 2022" authorityName="Dantas &amp; Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Hamada" authorityYear="2022" box="[998,1221,1930,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Limnophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="llanero" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9841DF567BBAF85AFB03898F" box="[998,1221,1930,1956]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">Limnophyes llanero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9841DF567C97F85AFACC898F" bold="true" box="[1227,1290,1930,1956]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB057E19841DF567C97F85AFACC898F" box="[1227,1290,1930,1956]" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
has six setae on epimeron II and the gonostylus has a well-developed, apical crista dorsalis, while
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9841DF567C37F87FFADF89E3" baseAuthorityName="Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[1131,1305,1966,1992]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Limnophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="297" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subnudicolis">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9841DF567C37F87FFADF89E3" box="[1131,1305,1966,1992]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="297">L. subnudicolis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacks setae on epimeron II and has a low crista dorsalis placed medially. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres and a well-developed crista dorsalis differentiates the new species from
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9840DF577A9EFF47FCE88E9B" authorityName="Sublette &amp; Sasa" authorityYear="1994" box="[706,814,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Limnophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariae">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9840DF577A9EFF47FCE88E9B" box="[706,814,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">L. mariae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which has an antenna with 12 flagellomeres and a very weak crista dorsalis. In the key to the Nearctic species provided by
<bibRefCitation id="23664B799840DF577B22FF6BFBE28EFE" author="Saether, O. A." box="[894,1060,186,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" pagination="1029 - 1056" refId="ref3237" refString="Saether, O. A. (1975) Twelve new species of Limnophyes Eaton, with keys to Nearctic males of the genus (Diptera: Chironomidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 107, 1029 - 1056. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 1071029 - 10" type="journal article" year="1975">Saether (1975)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9840DF577C73FF6BFB5A8EFE" authority="Dantas &amp; Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Hamada, 2022" authorityName="Dantas &amp; Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Hamada" authorityYear="2022" box="[1071,1180,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Limnophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="llanero" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9840DF577C73FF6BFB5A8EFE" box="[1071,1180,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">L. llanero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9840DF577CFEFF6BFB268EFE" bold="true" box="[1186,1248,187,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB057E19840DF577CFEFF6BFB268EFE" box="[1186,1248,187,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
key to at couplet 12, not matching any of the alternatives, mainly due to the absence of setae on preepisternum. The Nearctic species
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9840DF5778CBFED3FE208F36" authority="Saether, 1975" authorityName="Saether" authorityYear="1975" box="[151,486,258,285]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Limnophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cristatissimus">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9840DF5778CBFED3FE888F37" box="[151,334,259,284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">L. cristatissimus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="23664B799840DF577908FED3FE208F36" author="Saether, O. A." box="[340,486,258,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" pagination="1029 - 1056" refId="ref3237" refString="Saether, O. A. (1975) Twelve new species of Limnophyes Eaton, with keys to Nearctic males of the genus (Diptera: Chironomidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 107, 1029 - 1056. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 1071029 - 10" type="journal article" year="1975">Saether, 1975</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
also has the gonostylus apically widened with a large crista dorsalis, but the presence of setae on the preepisternum, absence of lanceolate humerals and a rounded anal point separate the two species,
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9840DF577DDAFEF7FF218F4E" authority="Dantas &amp; Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Hamada, 2022" authorityName="Dantas &amp; Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Hamada" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Limnophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="llanero" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9840DF577DDAFEF7FA508F6B" box="[1414,1430,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">L</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9840DF5778CBFE9BFF218F4E" box="[151,231,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">llanero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB057E19840DF5778B2FE9BFEEA8F4E" box="[238,300,331,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" rank="species">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9840DF5778B2FE9BFEE08F4E" bold="true" box="[238,294,331,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">sp. n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
lacks setae on preepisternum, has lanceolate humerals and a cone-shaped anal point. When reviewing the species of
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9840DF57796BFEBFFE788FA2" authorityName="Eaton" authorityYear="1875" box="[311,446,367,393]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Limnophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9840DF57796BFEBFFE788FA2" box="[311,446,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Limnophyes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Holarctic and Afrotropical regions,
<bibRefCitation id="23664B799840DF577BE7FEBFFBA18FA2" author="Saether, O. A." box="[955,1127,367,393]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" pagination="305 - 319" refId="ref3322" refString="Saether, O. A. (1990 a) A review of the genus Limnophyes Eaton from the Holarctic and Afrotropical regions. Entomologica Scandinavica, 21, 305 - 319. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631290 X 00229" type="journal article" year="1990">Saether (1990a)</bibRefCitation>
provided generic diagnosis and descriptions, discussed the phylogeny, and proposed species groups for the genus. Notwithstanding the volsella and virga of
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9840DF577979FE67FE548FFA" authority="Dantas &amp; Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Hamada, 2022" authorityName="Dantas &amp; Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Hamada" authorityYear="2022" box="[293,402,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Limnophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="llanero" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9840DF577979FE67FE548FFA" box="[293,402,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">L. llanero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB057E19840DF5779C5FE67FE1E8FFA" box="[409,472,439,465]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" rank="species">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9840DF5779C5FE67FE148FFA" bold="true" box="[409,466,439,465]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">sp. n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
having shapes that resemble those found in the
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9840DF577BADFE67FB968FFB" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[1009,1104,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Limnophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimus">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9840DF577BADFE67FB968FFB" box="[1009,1104,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">minimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group of
<bibRefCitation id="23664B799840DF577C9CFE67FAA88FFA" author="Saether, O. A." box="[1216,1390,439,465]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" pagination="305 - 319" refId="ref3322" refString="Saether, O. A. (1990 a) A review of the genus Limnophyes Eaton from the Holarctic and Afrotropical regions. Entomologica Scandinavica, 21, 305 - 319. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631290 X 00229" type="journal article" year="1990">Saether (1990a)</bibRefCitation>
, the absence of preepisternals and the strongly enlarged, apical crista dorsalis, the new species differ from the diagnosis of the
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9840DF5778BEFE2FFE878C33" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[226,321,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Limnophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimus">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9840DF5778BEFE2FFE878C33" box="[226,321,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">minimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group, which is characterized by preepisternum with an anterior row of setae and a pointed crista dorsalis.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="138866009840DF5778CBF86CFCE889D2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6592834" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6592834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6592834/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" startId="3.[151,250,1980,2004]" targetBox="[157,1430,597,1942]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="474836889840DF5778CBF86CFCE889D2" blockId="3.[151,1436,1980,2041]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9840DF5778CBF86CFED289FF" bold="true" box="[151,276,1980,2004]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9840DF577940F86CFE2089FF" authority="Dantas &amp; Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Hamada, 2022" authorityName="Dantas &amp; Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Hamada" authorityYear="2022" box="[284,486,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Limnophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="llanero" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9840DF577940F86CFE2089FF" box="[284,486,1980,2004]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">Limnophyes llanero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB057E19840DF5779B2F86CFDEE89FF" box="[494,552,1980,2004]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" rank="species">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9840DF5779B2F86CFDE489FF" bold="true" box="[494,546,1980,2004]" pageId="3" pageNumber="298">sp. n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9840DF577A6BF86CFD4E89FF" box="[567,648,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Diptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9840DF577ACFF86CFCEE89FF" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1834" box="[659,808,1980,2004]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="298" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chironomidae</taxonomicName>
), adult male: A. Hypopygium, in dorsal view. B–C. Hypopygium in dorsal view, with tergite IX removed. Scale bar = 50 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="138866009847DF5078CBFCFEFD2B8D41" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6592840" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6592840" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6592840/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" startId="4.[151,250,814,838]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,789]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="474836889847DF5078CBFCFEFD2B8D41" blockId="4.[151,1436,814,875]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9847DF5078CBFCFEFED58D6D" bold="true" box="[151,275,814,838]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Type locality of
<taxonomicName id="80F74D0B9847DF50799DFCFEFD4C8D6D" authority="Dantas &amp; Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Hamada, 2022" authorityName="Dantas &amp; Ramos-Pastrana &amp; Hamada" authorityYear="2022" box="[449,650,814,838]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Limnophyes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="llanero" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9847DF50799DFCFEFD4C8D6D" box="[449,650,814,838]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">Limnophyes llanero</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EB057E19847DF507ACDFCFEFD0C8D6D" box="[657,714,814,838]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" rank="species">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9847DF507ACDFCFEFD028D6D" bold="true" box="[657,708,814,838]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">sp. n</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
in central Colombia. A. The red arrow points to the location where the trap was placed. B. Malaise trap placed at the type locality.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="0FED65039847DF50789BFC48FBCF8AF9" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="474836889847DF50789BFC48FBCF8AF9" blockId="4.[151,1437,920,1235]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9847DF50789BFC48FDD38D99" bold="true" box="[199,533,920,947]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">Distribution and bionomics.</emphasis>
The species is known only from the type locality in central
<collectingCountry id="3FE076189847DF507CEEFC48FAE58D99" box="[1202,1315,920,946]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">Colombia</collectingCountry>
, where the vegetation is a mosaic of savanna, mainland forests, and flooded forests (
<figureCitation id="DFCC2A0D9847DF507B97FC6CFBE38DFC" box="[971,1061,956,983]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,814,838]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,789]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[151,1435,181,790]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Type locality of Limnophyes llanero sp. n. in central Colombia. A. The red arrow points to the location where the trap was placed. B. Malaise trap placed at the type locality." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6592840" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6592840/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). The
<typeStatus id="984C882A9847DF507C37FC6CFB0B8DFD" box="[1131,1229,956,982]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was collected in a Malaise trap placed across a one-meter wide stream with negligible current. About 10 meters downstream the stream was dammed forming a small pond. The stream is bordered by a relatively well-preserved gallery forest (
<figureCitation id="DFCC2A0D9847DF507D6CFBD4FA418A34" box="[1328,1415,1028,1055]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,814,838]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,789]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[151,1435,181,790]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Type locality of Limnophyes llanero sp. n. in central Colombia. A. The red arrow points to the location where the trap was placed. B. Malaise trap placed at the type locality." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6592840" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6592840/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). The type locality of the new species, the Llanos Orientales, is considered one of the most threatened ecoregions in
<collectingCountry id="3FE076189847DF5078CBFB9CFEC38A4D" box="[151,261,1100,1126]" name="Colombia" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">Colombia</collectingCountry>
due to the high human population growth and the intensification of land use, such as expansion of road infrastructure, petroleum activities, mining, and monoculture (
<bibRefCitation id="23664B799847DF507B0BFBA0FBB18AA0" author="Romero-Ruiz, M. R. &amp; Flantua, S. G. A. &amp; Tansey, K. &amp; Berrio, S. G. A." box="[855,1143,1136,1163]" pageId="4" pageNumber="299" pagination="766 - 776" refId="ref3112" refString="Romero-Ruiz, M. R., Flantua, S. G. A., Tansey, K. &amp; Berrio, S. G. A. (2012) Landscape transformations in savannas of northern South America: Land use / cover changes since 1987 in the Llanos Orientales of Colombia. Applied Geography, 32 (2), 766 - 776. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. apgeog. 2011.08.010" type="journal article" year="2012">
Romero-Ruiz
<emphasis id="7583EA9A9847DF507BA5FBA1FBED8AA1" box="[1017,1067,1136,1162]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="299">et al</emphasis>
. 2012
</bibRefCitation>
). This situation reinforces the need to increase the knowledge on the biodiversity in this ecoregion to understand the anthropogenic impacts on the biota and to use this knowledge as tools to develop conservation strategies.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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