281 lines
55 KiB
XML
281 lines
55 KiB
XML
<document id="DC0C7FD93313B2DA661C7E565972634E" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.209739" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e017ea71-5c54-43b2-9df6-bdbab7b1de06" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="209739" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460516410571" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Haddad, Charles R." docDate="2012" docId="CF0B6C69FFA60230FF21F815FA48AB05" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03450p061.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3450" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Echinax Deeleman-Reinhold 2001" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="38" masterDocId="33321411FFA70236FFB6FF83FFC1A811" masterDocTitle="A revision of the spider genus Echinax Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 (Araneae: Corinnidae) in the Afrotropical Region" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="34" updateTime="1698314108202" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="9522E365F8CADD257CBF6BF45713D132">
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<mods:title id="F6B2EC2FC2FA7655AAAD55F099B0E4FE">A revision of the spider genus Echinax Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 (Araneae: Corinnidae) in the Afrotropical Region</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="A60DD433B87AEF4B372FC0C1F33FADB6" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="5D660D081292A757E514BF61DF230524">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="C43012358C40C2CABB3CAC14E6A1ACB2">Haddad, Charles R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CE0AD3594A09960C29D416E694207AA7">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="32DFDCF421EB293B9D8989BBEC295AD9">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="05C05DBA3C35DBBBDD6D8720F6888F66">
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<mods:date id="EA1DC76C746DB60CE9B90E673CE5903B">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="B7AEB26A09EA4F3613210C2D7D9D07C5" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="5A6EB0CCBDF38833E38CFE355675ED98">3450</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="34874FD33D8B4F0695D2E1BBDFDDBFF1">33</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="9F8563596C78080049BB934AB402D112">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="9855AFC033D7678248371B3AF3F055C7" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.209739</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B1AE8C69E9ACEB4317431986F178EC1F" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B41D3DC7B4A8425A2304E2AB83209F26" type="Zenodo-Dep">209739</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="CF0B6C69FFA60230FF21F815FA48AB05" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6174678" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119524446" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6174678" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF0B6C69FFA60230FF21F815FA48AB05" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF0B6C69FFA60230FF21F815FA48AB05" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="38" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
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<subSubSection id="0FB88EF4FFA60237FF21F815FD84AFA1" box="[151,581,1942,1968]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="471DDD7FFFA60237FF21F815FD84AFA1" blockId="1.[151,581,1942,1968]" box="[151,581,1942,1968]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
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<heading id="1C556A13FFA60237FF21F815FD84AFA1" bold="true" box="[151,581,1942,1968]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA60237FF21F815FD84AFA1" ID-CoL="49GH" ID-ENA="1956426" authority="Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001" authorityName="Deeleman-Reinhold" authorityYear="2001" box="[151,581,1942,1968]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Echinax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA60237FF21F815FD84AFA1" bold="true" box="[151,581,1942,1968]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA60237FF21F815FF3FAFA1" bold="true" box="[151,254,1942,1968]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Echinax</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2333A08EFFA60237FEB3F815FD84AFA1" author="Deeleman-Reinhold" box="[261,581,1942,1968]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" refString="Deeleman-Reinhold, C. L. (2001) Forest spiders of South East Asia: with a revision of the sac and ground spiders (Araneae: Clubionidae, Corinnidae, Liocranidae, Gnaphosidae, Prodidomidae and Trochanterriidae [sic]). Brill, Leiden, 591 pp." type="book" year="2001">Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0FB88EF4FFA60237FF21F85BFC28AFFF" box="[151,1001,2007,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="471DDD7FFFA60237FF21F85BFC28AFFF" blockId="1.[151,1001,2007,2030]" box="[151,1001,2007,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA60237FF21F85BFEE4AFFF" bold="true" box="[151,293,2007,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">
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<typeStatus id="981963DDFFA60237FF21F85BFF0DAFFC" box="[151,204,2008,2029]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA60237FE9DF85AFD2FAFFF" authority="Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995" authorityName="Deeleman-Reinhold" authorityYear="1995" box="[299,750,2008,2030]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Copa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="oxyopoides">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA60237FE9DF85AFE1AAFFF" box="[299,475,2008,2030]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="34">Copa oxyopoides</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2333A08EFFA60237FE56F85BFD2FAFFF" author="Deeleman-Reinhold" box="[480,750,2008,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="34" refString="Deeleman-Reinhold, C. L. (1995) New or little known non-antmimicking spiders of the subfamily Castianeirinae from southeast Asia (Arachnida: Araneae: Clubionidae). Beitrage zur Araneologie, 4, 43 - 54." type="journal article" year="1995">Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="13DD8DF7FFA50234FF21F8D1FB7EAFF2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209740/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" targetBox="[163,1398,195,1828]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="471DDD7FFFA50234FF21F8D1FB7EAFF2" blockId="2.[151,1436,1874,2020]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA50234FF21F8D1FE88AF79" bold="true" box="[151,329,1874,1897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">FIGURES 1–16.</emphasis>
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Digital stereomicroscope photographs of
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<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA50234FD4AF8D0FC4DAF78" box="[764,908,1875,1897]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Echinax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clara" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA50234FD4AF8D0FC4DAF78" box="[764,908,1875,1897]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">Echinax clara</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EE5BC16FFA50234FC23F8D0FC26AF79" box="[917,999,1875,1896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA50234FC23F8D0FC26AF79" bold="true" box="[917,999,1875,1896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(1, 2),
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<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA50234FB81F8D7FB6BAF78" box="[1079,1194,1875,1897]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Echinax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hesperis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA50234FB81F8D7FB6BAF78" box="[1079,1194,1875,1897]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">E. hesperis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EE5BC16FFA50234FB04F8D0FAC4AF79" box="[1202,1285,1875,1896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA50234FB04F8D0FAC4AF79" bold="true" box="[1202,1285,1875,1896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(3, 4),
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<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA50234FAE3F8D7FEBFAF99" authority="Simon, 1909" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1909" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Copa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longespina">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA50234FAE3F8D7FF27AF99" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">E. longespina</emphasis>
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(Simon, 1909)
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</taxonomicName>
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(5, 6),
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<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA50234FE7EF8F0FD8AAF99" box="[456,587,1906,1928]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Echinax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA50234FE7EF8F0FD8AAF99" box="[456,587,1906,1928]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">E. natalensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA50234FDE7F8F1FD63AF96" bold="true" box="[593,674,1906,1927]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EE5BC16FFA50234FDE7F8F1FD63AF96" box="[593,674,1906,1927]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(7, 8),
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<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA50234FD5AF8F0FC94AF99" box="[748,853,1906,1928]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Echinax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scharffi" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA50234FD5AF8F0FC94AF99" box="[748,853,1906,1928]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">E. scharffi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EE5BC16FFA50234FCEAF8F1FC6CAF96" box="[860,941,1906,1927]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA50234FCEAF8F1FC6CAF96" bold="true" box="[860,941,1906,1927]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(9, 10),
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<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA50234FBB2F8F0FBA3AF99" box="[1028,1122,1906,1928]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Echinax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA50234FBB2F8F0FBA3AF99" box="[1028,1122,1906,1928]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">E. similis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EE5BC16FFA50234FBDEF8F1FB78AF96" box="[1128,1209,1906,1927]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA50234FBDEF8F1FB78AF96" bold="true" box="[1128,1209,1906,1927]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(11, 12) and
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<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA50234FAF6F8F0FF7EAFB7" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Echinax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spatulata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA50234FAF6F8F0FF7EAFB7" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">E. spatulata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EE5BC16FFA50234FF72F812FED5AFB7" box="[196,276,1937,1958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA50234FF72F812FED5AFB7" bold="true" box="[196,276,1937,1958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="35">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(13–16): 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13. Female habitus, dorsal view. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14. Male habitus, dorsal view. 15. Male patella and tibia I and II, retrolateral view, indicating distal dorsal patellar spines (PS). 16. Male palpal cymbium, dorsal view, indicating modified distal setae (MDS) and spatulate setae (SS). Scale bars: 1–15 = 1.0mm, 16 = 0.1mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="13DD8DF7FFA40235FF21F9C5FC8EAEC6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209741/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" targetBox="[151,1435,193,1592]" targetPageId="3">
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<paragraph id="471DDD7FFFA40235FF21F9C5FC8EAEC6" blockId="3.[151,1436,1606,1751]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA40235FF21F9C5FE98AE4A" bold="true" box="[151,345,1606,1629]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">FIGURES 17–28.</emphasis>
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Scanning electron microscope photographs of
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<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA40235FCE3F9C5FBDAAE4D" box="[853,1051,1606,1628]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Echinax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA40235FCE3F9C5FBDAAE4D" box="[853,1051,1606,1628]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Echinax natalensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EE5BC16FFA40235FB90F9C4FBBDAE4D" box="[1062,1148,1607,1628]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA40235FB90F9C4FBBDAE4D" bold="true" box="[1062,1148,1607,1628]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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male (17, 18) and female (19–28): 17. Chelicerae, ventral view. 18, 19. Serrula. 20. Tibia I, detail of ventral spines. 21. Femur I, indicating feathery setae (FS) and erect ventral setae (EVS). 22. Same, detail of feathery setae. 23. Patella I, indicating patellar indentation (PI). 24. Same, detail of lyriform organ at proximal end of PI. 25. Metatarsus I, detail of ventral distal setae. 26. Tarsus I, trichobothrium base. 27. Same, tarsal organ. 28. Tarsus IV, tarsal claw and claw tuft.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="0FB88EF4FFA40235FF21F97EFB63AFFF" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="471DDD7FFFA40235FF21F97EFB63AFFF" blockId="3.[151,1436,1789,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA40235FF21F97EFED0AF07" bold="true" box="[151,273,1789,1814]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA40235FEA8F97DFEBBAF07" box="[286,378,1790,1814]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Echinax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA40235FEA8F97DFEBBAF07" box="[286,378,1790,1814]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Echinax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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resembles
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<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA40235FDB5F97CFD81AF07" box="[515,576,1791,1814]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Copa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA40235FDB5F97CFD81AF07" box="[515,576,1791,1814]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Copa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in general body shape, heavily spined legs and the presence of cryptic lycosiform colouration, but can be recognised from other cryptic lycosiform
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<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA40235FC4AF8A1FB5EAF2B" box="[1020,1183,1826,1850]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Castianeirinae">Castianeirinae</taxonomicName>
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, particularly
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<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA40235FA82F8A0FAB0AF2B" box="[1332,1393,1827,1850]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Copa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA40235FA82F8A0FAB0AF2B" box="[1332,1393,1827,1850]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Copa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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, by their smaller size (<
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<quantity id="805A709AFFA40235FEC5F8C5FE1BAF4F" box="[371,474,1862,1886]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" unit="mm" value="5.8">5.80 mm</quantity>
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, almost always larger in other genera); the presence of very long leg spines distally on all patellae that are longer than the particular leg segment, and the spines on the anterior metatarsi that are longer than half the length of the particular segment (shorter than patellae and less than half metatarsi length in other genera); the AME that are 2 to 3 times ALE diameter (less than 2 times in other genera); and the carapace that is approximately 2.75–3.10 times broader than the PER (PER usually broader in other genera).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="13DD8DF7FFA30232FF21FC37FCF9AC19" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209742/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" targetBox="[151,1435,213,905]" targetPageId="4">
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<paragraph id="471DDD7FFFA30232FF21FC37FCF9AC19" blockId="4.[151,1437,948,1032]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA30232FF21FC37FE94ABDB" bold="true" box="[151,341,948,971]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">FIGURES 29–34.</emphasis>
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Scanning electron microscope photographs of
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<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA30232FC8CFC36FC16ABDA" box="[826,983,949,971]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Echinax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA30232FC8CFC36FC16ABDA" box="[826,983,949,971]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Echinax similis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EE5BC16FFA30232FC69FC36FBF0ABDB" box="[991,1073,949,970]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA30232FC69FC36FBF0ABDB" bold="true" box="[991,1073,949,970]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
female (29, 30) and male (31–34): 29. Chelicerae, anteroventral view. 30, 31. Serrula. 32. Patella I, detail of lyriform organ at proximal end of patellar indentation. 33. Tarsus IV, trichobothrium. 34. Same, tarsal claw and claw tuft.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="13DD8DF7FFA30232FF21F8B5FBA5AFB9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209743/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" targetBox="[151,1435,1104,1796]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="471DDD7FFFA30232FF21F8B5FBA5AFB9" blockId="4.[151,1437,1846,1960]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA30232FF21F8B5FE92AF5A" bold="true" box="[151,339,1846,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">FIGURES 35–40.</emphasis>
|
||
Scanning electron microscope photographs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA30232FC9BF8B5FC2CAF5D" box="[813,1005,1846,1868]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Echinax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA30232FC9BF8B5FC2CAF5D" box="[813,1005,1846,1868]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">Echinax natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA30232FC45F8B4FB82AF5D" bold="true" box="[1011,1091,1847,1868]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EE5BC16FFA30232FC45F8B4FB82AF5D" box="[1011,1091,1847,1868]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
female (35–37) and male (38–40) spinneret morphology. 35, 38. Anterior lateral spinneret. 36, 39. Posterior median spinneret. 37, 40. Posterior lateral spinneret. Abbreviations: Ac–aciniform gland spigot(s); Cy—cylindrical gland spigot(s); MAmp—major ampullate gland spigot(s); mAmp—minor ampullate gland spigot(s); n—nubbin; Pi—piriform gland spigot; Ta—tartipore.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="13DD8DF7FFA20233FF21FB6BFAF5AD0C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209744/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" targetBox="[151,1435,193,1233]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="471DDD7FFFA20233FF21FB6BFAF5AD0C" blockId="5.[151,1436,1256,1309]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA20233FF21FB6BFE92ACEF" bold="true" box="[151,339,1256,1279]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">FIGURES 41–44.</emphasis>
|
||
Scanning electron microscope photos of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA20233FD42FB6BFC75ACEF" box="[756,948,1256,1278]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Echinax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA20233FD42FB6BFC75ACEF" box="[756,948,1256,1278]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Echinax natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EE5BC16FFA20233FC0CFB6AFBCBACEF" box="[954,1034,1257,1278]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA20233FC0CFB6AFBCBACEF" bold="true" box="[954,1034,1257,1278]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(41, 42) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA20233FB27FB69FB2EACEF" box="[1169,1263,1256,1279]" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Echinax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA20233FB27FB69FB2EACEF" box="[1169,1263,1256,1279]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">E. similis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EE5BC16FFA20233FB43FB6AFA84ACEF" box="[1269,1349,1257,1278]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA20233FB43FB6AFA84ACEF" bold="true" box="[1269,1349,1257,1278]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(43, 44) genitalia: 41, 43. Female epigyne, ventral view. 42. Male embolus, ventral view. 44. Tip of embolus, prolateral view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0FB88EF4FFA20230FF71FACAFA48AB05" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="471DDD7FFFA20230FF71FACAFA48AB05" blockId="5.[151,1436,1353,2026]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,788]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA20233FF71FACAFE98AD73" bold="true" box="[199,345,1353,1378]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Small spiders,
|
||
<quantity id="805A709AFFA20233FDBEFACAFD6DAD70" box="[520,684,1353,1377]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.35" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="5" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="4.35" valueMax="5.8" valueMin="2.9">2.90–5.80 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length; carapace and abdomen cream or pale yellow with black markings; carapace surface smooth, with black feathery setae covering markings; several long curved setae on clypeus and eye region; carapace oval, broadest at coxae II, eye region narrow, fovea distinct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FB06FA12FAE2ADB8" box="[1200,1315,1425,1449]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 16" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1874,1897]" captionTargetBox="[163,1398,195,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1400,195,1830]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 16. Digital stereomicroscope photographs of Echinax clara sp. nov. (1, 2), E. hesperis sp. nov. (3, 4), E. longespina (Simon, 1909) (5, 6), E. natalensis sp. nov. (7, 8), E. scharffi sp. nov. (9, 10), E. similis sp. nov. (11, 12) and E. spatulata sp. nov. (13 – 16): 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13. Female habitus, dorsal view. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14. Male habitus, dorsal view. 15. Male patella and tibia I and II, retrolateral view, indicating distal dorsal patellar spines (PS). 16. Male palpal cymbium, dorsal view, indicating modified distal setae (MDS) and spatulate setae (SS). Scale bars: 1 – 15 = 1.0 mm, 16 = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209740/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs 1–14</figureCitation>
|
||
); posterior margin very slightly concave or straight. AER procurved, AME approximately
|
||
<date id="331CFBBFFFA20233FBAEFA35FBF5ADDF" box="[1048,1076,1462,1486]" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">2x</date>
|
||
ALE diameter; AME separated by approximately ½ their diameter, nearly touching ALE; PER strongly procurved, PME slightly larger than PLE; PME closer to PLE than to each other; MOQ width similar anteriorly and posteriorly, longer than wide. Chilum single, triangular, tapering distally, weakly sclerotised, with distal notch; cheliceral promargin and retromargin with two teeth each; scrappy seta absent (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FD99F9C5FD46AE4F" box="[559,647,1606,1630]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 28" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1606,1629]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1592]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 28. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax natalensis sp. nov. male (17, 18) and female (19 – 28): 17. Chelicerae, ventral view. 18, 19. Serrula. 20. Tibia I, detail of ventral spines. 21. Femur I, indicating feathery setae (FS) and erect ventral setae (EVS). 22. Same, detail of feathery setae. 23. Patella I, indicating patellar indentation (PI). 24. Same, detail of lyriform organ at proximal end of PI. 25. Metatarsus I, detail of ventral distal setae. 26. Tarsus I, trichobothrium base. 27. Same, tarsal organ. 28. Tarsus IV, tarsal claw and claw tuft." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209741/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs 17</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FD25F9C5FD72AE4F" box="[659,691,1606,1630]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 – 34" captionStartId="4.[151,264,948,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,213,905]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,213,905]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 29 – 34. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax similis sp. nov. female (29, 30) and male (31 – 34): 29. Chelicerae, anteroventral view. 30, 31. Serrula. 32. Patella I, detail of lyriform organ at proximal end of patellar indentation. 33. Tarsus IV, trichobothrium. 34. Same, tarsal claw and claw tuft." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209742/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">29</figureCitation>
|
||
); curved setae on cheliceral promargin finely plumose (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FA95F9C5FAB4AE4F" box="[1315,1397,1606,1630]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 28" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1606,1629]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1592]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 28. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax natalensis sp. nov. male (17, 18) and female (19 – 28): 17. Chelicerae, ventral view. 18, 19. Serrula. 20. Tibia I, detail of ventral spines. 21. Femur I, indicating feathery setae (FS) and erect ventral setae (EVS). 22. Same, detail of feathery setae. 23. Patella I, indicating patellar indentation (PI). 24. Same, detail of lyriform organ at proximal end of PI. 25. Metatarsus I, detail of ventral distal setae. 26. Tarsus I, trichobothrium base. 27. Same, tarsal organ. 28. Tarsus IV, tarsal claw and claw tuft." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209741/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
) or pectinate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FEBDF9EAFE9EAE90" box="[267,351,1641,1665]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 – 34" captionStartId="4.[151,264,948,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,213,905]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,213,905]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 29 – 34. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax similis sp. nov. female (29, 30) and male (31 – 34): 29. Chelicerae, anteroventral view. 30, 31. Serrula. 32. Patella I, detail of lyriform organ at proximal end of patellar indentation. 33. Tarsus IV, trichobothrium. 34. Same, tarsal claw and claw tuft." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209742/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Fig. 29</figureCitation>
|
||
); endites straight laterally with distinct serrula comprising sharp, ventrally curved denticles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FADCF9EAFF1FAEB7" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 28" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1606,1629]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1592]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 28. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax natalensis sp. nov. male (17, 18) and female (19 – 28): 17. Chelicerae, ventral view. 18, 19. Serrula. 20. Tibia I, detail of ventral spines. 21. Femur I, indicating feathery setae (FS) and erect ventral setae (EVS). 22. Same, detail of feathery setae. 23. Patella I, indicating patellar indentation (PI). 24. Same, detail of lyriform organ at proximal end of PI. 25. Metatarsus I, detail of ventral distal setae. 26. Tarsus I, trichobothrium base. 27. Same, tarsal organ. 28. Tarsus IV, tarsal claw and claw tuft." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209741/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs 18, 19</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FF5CF90DFEF0AEB7" box="[234,305,1678,1702]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 – 34" captionStartId="4.[151,264,948,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,213,905]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,213,905]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 29 – 34. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax similis sp. nov. female (29, 30) and male (31 – 34): 29. Chelicerae, anteroventral view. 30, 31. Serrula. 32. Patella I, detail of lyriform organ at proximal end of patellar indentation. 33. Tarsus IV, trichobothrium. 34. Same, tarsal claw and claw tuft." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209742/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">30, 31</figureCitation>
|
||
), with dense maxillar hair tuft on mesal margins; labium hemispherical, wider than long. Pleural bars isolated, weakly sclerotised; sternum approximately as broad as long, shield-shaped, slightly narrowed anteriorly; surface smooth, with scattered long erect setae; precoxal triangles present, intercoxal sclerites absent. Leg formula 4123; legs strongly spined (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FE6AF97AFDF2AF00" box="[476,563,1785,1809]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 16" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1874,1897]" captionTargetBox="[163,1398,195,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1400,195,1830]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 16. Digital stereomicroscope photographs of Echinax clara sp. nov. (1, 2), E. hesperis sp. nov. (3, 4), E. longespina (Simon, 1909) (5, 6), E. natalensis sp. nov. (7, 8), E. scharffi sp. nov. (9, 10), E. similis sp. nov. (11, 12) and E. spatulata sp. nov. (13 – 16): 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13. Female habitus, dorsal view. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14. Male habitus, dorsal view. 15. Male patella and tibia I and II, retrolateral view, indicating distal dorsal patellar spines (PS). 16. Male palpal cymbium, dorsal view, indicating modified distal setae (MDS) and spatulate setae (SS). Scale bars: 1 – 15 = 1.0 mm, 16 = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209740/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
), all segments except metatarsi and tarsi with feathery setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FABEF97AFA4EAF00" box="[1288,1423,1785,1809]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 28" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1606,1629]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1592]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 28. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax natalensis sp. nov. male (17, 18) and female (19 – 28): 17. Chelicerae, ventral view. 18, 19. Serrula. 20. Tibia I, detail of ventral spines. 21. Femur I, indicating feathery setae (FS) and erect ventral setae (EVS). 22. Same, detail of feathery setae. 23. Patella I, indicating patellar indentation (PI). 24. Same, detail of lyriform organ at proximal end of PI. 25. Metatarsus I, detail of ventral distal setae. 26. Tarsus I, trichobothrium base. 27. Same, tarsal organ. 28. Tarsus IV, tarsal claw and claw tuft." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209741/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs 21–23</figureCitation>
|
||
); retrocoxal window absent on coxa I; femora with two rows of erect ventral setae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FBF1F89DFB5DAF27" box="[1095,1180,1822,1846]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 28" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1606,1629]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1592]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 28. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax natalensis sp. nov. male (17, 18) and female (19 – 28): 17. Chelicerae, ventral view. 18, 19. Serrula. 20. Tibia I, detail of ventral spines. 21. Femur I, indicating feathery setae (FS) and erect ventral setae (EVS). 22. Same, detail of feathery setae. 23. Patella I, indicating patellar indentation (PI). 24. Same, detail of lyriform organ at proximal end of PI. 25. Metatarsus I, detail of ventral distal setae. 26. Tarsus I, trichobothrium base. 27. Same, tarsal organ. 28. Tarsus IV, tarsal claw and claw tuft." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209741/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
); distal patellar spines longer than patella length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FE73F8C2FDD8AF48" box="[453,537,1857,1881]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 16" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1874,1897]" captionTargetBox="[163,1398,195,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1400,195,1830]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 16. Digital stereomicroscope photographs of Echinax clara sp. nov. (1, 2), E. hesperis sp. nov. (3, 4), E. longespina (Simon, 1909) (5, 6), E. natalensis sp. nov. (7, 8), E. scharffi sp. nov. (9, 10), E. similis sp. nov. (11, 12) and E. spatulata sp. nov. (13 – 16): 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13. Female habitus, dorsal view. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14. Male habitus, dorsal view. 15. Male patella and tibia I and II, retrolateral view, indicating distal dorsal patellar spines (PS). 16. Male palpal cymbium, dorsal view, indicating modified distal setae (MDS) and spatulate setae (SS). Scale bars: 1 – 15 = 1.0 mm, 16 = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209740/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
); patellar indentation narrow, broad at proximal end (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FBC5F8C2FB34AF48" box="[1139,1269,1857,1881]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 28" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1606,1629]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1592]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 28. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax natalensis sp. nov. male (17, 18) and female (19 – 28): 17. Chelicerae, ventral view. 18, 19. Serrula. 20. Tibia I, detail of ventral spines. 21. Femur I, indicating feathery setae (FS) and erect ventral setae (EVS). 22. Same, detail of feathery setae. 23. Patella I, indicating patellar indentation (PI). 24. Same, detail of lyriform organ at proximal end of PI. 25. Metatarsus I, detail of ventral distal setae. 26. Tarsus I, trichobothrium base. 27. Same, tarsal organ. 28. Tarsus IV, tarsal claw and claw tuft." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209741/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs 23, 24</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FAB7F8C2FAE0AF48" box="[1281,1313,1857,1881]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 – 34" captionStartId="4.[151,264,948,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,213,905]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,213,905]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 29 – 34. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax similis sp. nov. female (29, 30) and male (31 – 34): 29. Chelicerae, anteroventral view. 30, 31. Serrula. 32. Patella I, detail of lyriform organ at proximal end of patellar indentation. 33. Tarsus IV, trichobothrium. 34. Same, tarsal claw and claw tuft." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209742/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">32</figureCitation>
|
||
); metatarsi III longer than metatarsi I and II; metatarsi distally scopulate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FCF8F8E5FC60AF6F" box="[846,929,1894,1918]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 28" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1606,1629]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1592]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 28. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax natalensis sp. nov. male (17, 18) and female (19 – 28): 17. Chelicerae, ventral view. 18, 19. Serrula. 20. Tibia I, detail of ventral spines. 21. Femur I, indicating feathery setae (FS) and erect ventral setae (EVS). 22. Same, detail of feathery setae. 23. Patella I, indicating patellar indentation (PI). 24. Same, detail of lyriform organ at proximal end of PI. 25. Metatarsus I, detail of ventral distal setae. 26. Tarsus I, trichobothrium base. 27. Same, tarsal organ. 28. Tarsus IV, tarsal claw and claw tuft." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209741/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
); tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi with several erect dorsal and lateral trichobothria with sunken distal plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FCFDF80AFC68AFB0" box="[843,937,1929,1953]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 28" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1606,1629]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1592]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 28. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax natalensis sp. nov. male (17, 18) and female (19 – 28): 17. Chelicerae, ventral view. 18, 19. Serrula. 20. Tibia I, detail of ventral spines. 21. Femur I, indicating feathery setae (FS) and erect ventral setae (EVS). 22. Same, detail of feathery setae. 23. Patella I, indicating patellar indentation (PI). 24. Same, detail of lyriform organ at proximal end of PI. 25. Metatarsus I, detail of ventral distal setae. 26. Tarsus I, trichobothrium base. 27. Same, tarsal organ. 28. Tarsus IV, tarsal claw and claw tuft." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209741/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs 26</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FC0BF80AFC1DAFB0" box="[957,988,1929,1953]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 – 34" captionStartId="4.[151,264,948,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,213,905]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,213,905]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 29 – 34. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax similis sp. nov. female (29, 30) and male (31 – 34): 29. Chelicerae, anteroventral view. 30, 31. Serrula. 32. Patella I, detail of lyriform organ at proximal end of patellar indentation. 33. Tarsus IV, trichobothrium. 34. Same, tarsal claw and claw tuft." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209742/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">33</figureCitation>
|
||
); tarsal organ level with integument, surrounded by fine ridges, opening oval (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FDD2F82DFD76AFD7" box="[612,695,1966,1990]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 28" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1606,1629]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1592]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 28. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax natalensis sp. nov. male (17, 18) and female (19 – 28): 17. Chelicerae, ventral view. 18, 19. Serrula. 20. Tibia I, detail of ventral spines. 21. Femur I, indicating feathery setae (FS) and erect ventral setae (EVS). 22. Same, detail of feathery setae. 23. Patella I, indicating patellar indentation (PI). 24. Same, detail of lyriform organ at proximal end of PI. 25. Metatarsus I, detail of ventral distal setae. 26. Tarsus I, trichobothrium base. 27. Same, tarsal organ. 28. Tarsus IV, tarsal claw and claw tuft." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209741/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
); paired tarsal claws short, situated laterally, with very dense claw tufts in between (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FED6F851FE78AFFB" box="[352,441,2002,2026]" captionStart="FIGURES 17 – 28" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1606,1629]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1592]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,193,1593]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 17 – 28. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax natalensis sp. nov. male (17, 18) and female (19 – 28): 17. Chelicerae, ventral view. 18, 19. Serrula. 20. Tibia I, detail of ventral spines. 21. Femur I, indicating feathery setae (FS) and erect ventral setae (EVS). 22. Same, detail of feathery setae. 23. Patella I, indicating patellar indentation (PI). 24. Same, detail of lyriform organ at proximal end of PI. 25. Metatarsus I, detail of ventral distal setae. 26. Tarsus I, trichobothrium base. 27. Same, tarsal organ. 28. Tarsus IV, tarsal claw and claw tuft." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209741/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">Figs 28</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA20233FE71F851FE26AFFB" box="[455,487,2002,2026]" captionStart="FIGURES 29 – 34" captionStartId="4.[151,264,948,971]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,213,905]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,213,905]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 29 – 34. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax similis sp. nov. female (29, 30) and male (31 – 34): 29. Chelicerae, anteroventral view. 30, 31. Serrula. 32. Patella I, detail of lyriform organ at proximal end of patellar indentation. 33. Tarsus IV, trichobothrium. 34. Same, tarsal claw and claw tuft." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209742/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="38">34</figureCitation>
|
||
); metatarsi III and IV without terminal preening brush or comb. Abdomen oval in females, elongate oval in males; anterior dorsal surface of abdomen with three pairs of fine elongate pedicillate setae above pedicel (Sector 1 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="2333A08EFFA10230FDBDFF3FFCC8A8C5" author="Agnarsson" box="[523,777,188,212]" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" refString="Agnarsson, I., Coddington, J. A. & May-Collado, L. J. [2007] (2008) Elongated pedicillate setae: a putative sensory system and synapomorphy of spiders. Journal of Arachnology, 35, 411 - 426." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Agnarsson
|
||
<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA10230FD3DFF3EFD7CA8C5" box="[651,701,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); dorsal scutum weakly sclerotised, extending ¼ abdomen length in females and ½ to entire abdomen length in males (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA10230FCEEFF5CFC0FA8E6" box="[856,974,223,247]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 16" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1874,1897]" captionTargetBox="[163,1398,195,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1400,195,1830]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 16. Digital stereomicroscope photographs of Echinax clara sp. nov. (1, 2), E. hesperis sp. nov. (3, 4), E. longespina (Simon, 1909) (5, 6), E. natalensis sp. nov. (7, 8), E. scharffi sp. nov. (9, 10), E. similis sp. nov. (11, 12) and E. spatulata sp. nov. (13 – 16): 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13. Female habitus, dorsal view. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14. Male habitus, dorsal view. 15. Male patella and tibia I and II, retrolateral view, indicating distal dorsal patellar spines (PS). 16. Male palpal cymbium, dorsal view, indicating modified distal setae (MDS) and spatulate setae (SS). Scale bars: 1 – 15 = 1.0 mm, 16 = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209740/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Figs 1–14</figureCitation>
|
||
); two pairs of weakly sclerotised dorsal sigilla present; epigastric region weakly sclerotised, venter without post-epigastric sclerites and ventral sclerite, inframamillary sclerite present, distinct, densely covered in short setae. Spinnerets (only observed with SEM in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80A2A6FCFFA10230FA32FEAAFEC8A975" class="Arachnida" family="Corinnidae" genus="Echinax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="natalensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA10230FA32FEAAFEC8A975" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">E. natalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EE5BC16FFA10230FEB9FECFFEA9A975" box="[271,360,332,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="39" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="75D6016DFFA10230FEB9FECFFEA9A975" bold="true" box="[271,360,332,356]" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
): ALS of female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA10230FD83FECFFD47A975" box="[565,646,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 40" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1846,1869]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1104,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,1104,1796]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 40. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax natalensis sp. nov. female (35 – 37) and male (38 – 40) spinneret morphology. 35, 38. Anterior lateral spinneret. 36, 39. Posterior median spinneret. 37, 40. Posterior lateral spinneret. Abbreviations: Ac – aciniform gland spigot (s); Cy—cylindrical gland spigot (s); MAmp—major ampullate gland spigot (s); mAmp—minor ampullate gland spigot (s); n—nubbin; Pi—piriform gland spigot; Ta—tartipore." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209743/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
) with two major ampullate gland spigots, many piriform gland spigots and several small tartipores (not exposed in males); ALS of male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA10230FC11FEECFC3DA996" box="[935,1020,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 40" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1846,1869]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1104,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,1104,1796]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 40. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax natalensis sp. nov. female (35 – 37) and male (38 – 40) spinneret morphology. 35, 38. Anterior lateral spinneret. 36, 39. Posterior median spinneret. 37, 40. Posterior lateral spinneret. Abbreviations: Ac – aciniform gland spigot (s); Cy—cylindrical gland spigot (s); MAmp—major ampullate gland spigot (s); mAmp—minor ampullate gland spigot (s); n—nubbin; Pi—piriform gland spigot; Ta—tartipore." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209743/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
|
||
) with single major ampullate gland spigot, several piriform gland spigots and a single large nubbin; PMS of female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA10230FBC5FE17FB0AA9BD" box="[1139,1227,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 40" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1846,1869]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1104,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,1104,1796]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 40. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax natalensis sp. nov. female (35 – 37) and male (38 – 40) spinneret morphology. 35, 38. Anterior lateral spinneret. 36, 39. Posterior median spinneret. 37, 40. Posterior lateral spinneret. Abbreviations: Ac – aciniform gland spigot (s); Cy—cylindrical gland spigot (s); MAmp—major ampullate gland spigot (s); mAmp—minor ampullate gland spigot (s); n—nubbin; Pi—piriform gland spigot; Ta—tartipore." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209743/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
|
||
) with three large cylindrical gland spigots, two small minor ampullate gland spigots, several aciniform gland spigots and one distinctive tartipore; PMS of male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA10230FD91FE5FFDB8A9E5" box="[551,633,476,500]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 40" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1846,1869]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1104,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,1104,1796]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 40. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax natalensis sp. nov. female (35 – 37) and male (38 – 40) spinneret morphology. 35, 38. Anterior lateral spinneret. 36, 39. Posterior median spinneret. 37, 40. Posterior lateral spinneret. Abbreviations: Ac – aciniform gland spigot (s); Cy—cylindrical gland spigot (s); MAmp—major ampullate gland spigot (s); mAmp—minor ampullate gland spigot (s); n—nubbin; Pi—piriform gland spigot; Ta—tartipore." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209743/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
|
||
) with two large minor ampullate gland spigots, several large aciniform gland spigots and one tartipore; PLS of female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA10230FD65FE7CFCE9AA06" box="[723,808,511,535]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 40" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1846,1869]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1104,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,1104,1796]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 40. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax natalensis sp. nov. female (35 – 37) and male (38 – 40) spinneret morphology. 35, 38. Anterior lateral spinneret. 36, 39. Posterior median spinneret. 37, 40. Posterior lateral spinneret. Abbreviations: Ac – aciniform gland spigot (s); Cy—cylindrical gland spigot (s); MAmp—major ampullate gland spigot (s); mAmp—minor ampullate gland spigot (s); n—nubbin; Pi—piriform gland spigot; Ta—tartipore." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209743/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||
) with two large cylindrical gland spigots and several aciniform gland spigots, of male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA10230FDA2FDA7FDA4AA2D" box="[532,613,548,572]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 40" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1846,1869]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1104,1796]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,1104,1796]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 40. Scanning electron microscope photographs of Echinax natalensis sp. nov. female (35 – 37) and male (38 – 40) spinneret morphology. 35, 38. Anterior lateral spinneret. 36, 39. Posterior median spinneret. 37, 40. Posterior lateral spinneret. Abbreviations: Ac – aciniform gland spigot (s); Cy—cylindrical gland spigot (s); MAmp—major ampullate gland spigot (s); mAmp—minor ampullate gland spigot (s); n—nubbin; Pi—piriform gland spigot; Ta—tartipore." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209743/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
|
||
) with only aciniform gland spigots distinguishable. Female epigyne with curved sclerotised epigynal hoods leading to lateral copulatory openings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA10230FC53FDC4FBAAAA4E" box="[997,1131,583,607]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 44" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1256,1279]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1233]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1235]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 44. Scanning electron microscope photos of Echinax natalensis sp. nov. (41, 42) and E. similis sp. nov. (43, 44) genitalia: 41, 43. Female epigyne, ventral view. 42. Male embolus, ventral view. 44. Tip of embolus, prolateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209744/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Figs 41, 43</figureCitation>
|
||
), copulatory ducts curving medially and anteriorly before entering ST II posteriorly (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA10230FCE9FDEFFC70AA95" box="[863,945,620,644]" captionStart="FIGURES 52 – 55" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1371,1394]" captionTargetBox="[158,1421,383,1332]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,373,1351]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 52 – 55. Genitalia of Echinax clara sp. nov.: 52. Female epigyne, ventral view. 53. Same, dorsal view. 54. Male palp, ventral view. 55. Same, retrolateral view. Scale bars = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209746/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Fig. 53</figureCitation>
|
||
) or anteriorly (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA10230FBE8FDEFFB72AA95" box="[1118,1203,620,644]" captionStart="FIGURES 69 – 72" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1563,1586]" captionTargetBox="[159,1416,700,1526]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,661,1542]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 69 – 72. Genitalia of Echinax scharffi sp. nov.: 69. Female epigyne, ventral view. 70. Same, dorsal view. 71. Male palp, ventral view. 72. Same, retrolateral view. Scale bars = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209751/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Fig. 70</figureCitation>
|
||
); ST II usually oval, sometimes expanded posterolaterally, connected broadly to kidney-shaped posterior ST I. Male palpal segments without apophyses; cymbium with spines prolaterally and ventrally, two thickened bent modified setae dorsally distally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA10230FF4DFD54FE8EAAFE" box="[251,335,727,751]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 16" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1874,1897]" captionTargetBox="[163,1398,195,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1400,195,1830]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 16. Digital stereomicroscope photographs of Echinax clara sp. nov. (1, 2), E. hesperis sp. nov. (3, 4), E. longespina (Simon, 1909) (5, 6), E. natalensis sp. nov. (7, 8), E. scharffi sp. nov. (9, 10), E. similis sp. nov. (11, 12) and E. spatulata sp. nov. (13 – 16): 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13. Female habitus, dorsal view. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14. Male habitus, dorsal view. 15. Male patella and tibia I and II, retrolateral view, indicating distal dorsal patellar spines (PS). 16. Male palpal cymbium, dorsal view, indicating modified distal setae (MDS) and spatulate setae (SS). Scale bars: 1 – 15 = 1.0 mm, 16 = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209740/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
), and several spatulate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA10230FDD3FD54FD78AAFE" box="[613,697,727,751]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 16" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1874,1897]" captionTargetBox="[163,1398,195,1828]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[163,1400,195,1830]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 16. Digital stereomicroscope photographs of Echinax clara sp. nov. (1, 2), E. hesperis sp. nov. (3, 4), E. longespina (Simon, 1909) (5, 6), E. natalensis sp. nov. (7, 8), E. scharffi sp. nov. (9, 10), E. similis sp. nov. (11, 12) and E. spatulata sp. nov. (13 – 16): 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13. Female habitus, dorsal view. 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14. Male habitus, dorsal view. 15. Male patella and tibia I and II, retrolateral view, indicating distal dorsal patellar spines (PS). 16. Male palpal cymbium, dorsal view, indicating modified distal setae (MDS) and spatulate setae (SS). Scale bars: 1 – 15 = 1.0 mm, 16 = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209740/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
) or straight longer black setae on dorsal surface; embolus finely coiled, ending in sharp tip; width and angle of base, and length and curvature of distal coil variable (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DF99C1FAFFA10230FB4CFD7FFABDAB05" box="[1274,1404,764,788]" captionStart="FIGURES 45 – 51" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1897,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,844,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[151,1436,844,1876]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 45 – 51. Digital microscope photographs of male emboli of Afrotropical Echinax species in ventral view: 45. Echinax clara sp. nov.. 46. E. hesperis sp. nov.. 47. E. longespina (Simon, 1909). 48. E. natalensis sp. nov.. 49. E. scharffi sp. nov.. 50. E. similis sp. nov.. 51. E. spatulata sp. nov.. Stipple lines indicate the points of separation between the basal and distal coils of the embolus. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/209745/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="39">Figs 45–51</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |