527 lines
70 KiB
XML
527 lines
70 KiB
XML
<document id="EAF2A02CA846D516A541C2BE9D0FC47B" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4221.3.2" ID-CLB-Dataset="37295" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.250240" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f206a0ba-0cfd-4018-870a-b38d8525621e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="250240" ID-ZooBank="B0B97269-AE03-4A41-811A-5F135988055E" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1484724394892" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sluys, Ronald, Neumann, Matthias, De Lima, Ricardo F. & Drewes, Robert C." docDate="2017" docId="06116D51FFC2844BFF02FB2EFDD6FC3D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4221.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4221 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Othelosoma duplamaculosum Sluys & Neumann, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="297" masterDocId="FA281529FFC3844DFF95FFB3FFB3FFBD" masterDocTitle="Land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) of São Tomé: a first account on their diversity, with the description of five new species" masterLastPageNumber="322" masterPageNumber="291" pageNumber="292" updateTime="1698435828829" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="42212A61B8B521B8BDE236394DBC09E7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A45EBC8A492220F479697993BC781BBC">
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<mods:title id="DDC1C8E8AA15B31543F76AF1233F1289">Land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Geoplanidae) of São Tomé: a first account on their diversity, with the description of five new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DFABA7C535E9498C97B8BB9D12695A66" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="6852EBFB38BC331C5867BCB3406A19C2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="BCC2399BB9A90B961F3CEB04983E9AD8">Sluys, Ronald</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3E8B1F53059DC29EF2053AEA339191CE">Neumann, Matthias</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="C3D639A464A3CFA332777CEB8B94AABE" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D02789FA7C98516A5E37015D26A6C8F8">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="11E68AB159BC0B2E7D1517EB84CA7B71">De Lima, Ricardo F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="FCC7F399C6D1D7609BD4F33BA1D5E112" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D111D66581840AD9C1100FD807371AF1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="89493E8FD8EDFACCCD52B63B3E6C6C4B">Drewes, Robert C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E972A8FAE72BCDF31F67B7867365ADB6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="5007C24C42B5EDD6D2186DE911881969">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="397F3DD800B7EFC8C55453EA0EA8D35A">
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<mods:date id="01A0995088D92379AFCB9B75685DDC68">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="9A99A9A27F0FB95468C28B318BA76E49" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A083611721B920E3848B24C502616D53">4221</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="2C5CD1EE70A20B1EA704EB4AC444E731" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="4C057383ECE038A9D2E0163B4F787838">3</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="FE531AEF85A802616FC888729F95670F" type="CLB-Dataset">37295</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5FB9664DD7ABA580EADC92863918DFE6" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.250240</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="04E426D75604802A7FA71B25D97A0FE4" type="Zenodo-Dep">250240</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="06116D51FFC2844BFF02FB2EFDD6FC3D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6022394" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127614163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6022394" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFC2844BFF02FB2EFDD6FC3D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/06116D51FFC2844BFF02FB2EFDD6FC3D" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="297" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC2844CFF02FB2EFCE4FB0A" box="[151,855,1181,1207]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC2844CFF02FB2EFCE4FB0A" blockId="1.[151,855,1181,1207]" box="[151,855,1181,1207]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<heading id="D54F6B2BFFC2844CFF02FB2EFCE4FB0A" bold="true" box="[151,855,1181,1207]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC2844CFF02FB2EFCE4FB0A" bold="true" box="[151,855,1181,1207]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC2844CFF02FB2EFD5EFB0A" authority="Sluys & Neumann" authorityName="Sluys & Neumann" box="[151,749,1181,1207]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC2844CFF02FB2EFE4CFB0A" bold="true" box="[151,511,1181,1207]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Othelosoma duplamaculosum</emphasis>
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Sluys & Neumann
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A7FFBD2EFFC2844CFD6CFB2EFCE4FB0A" box="[761,855,1181,1207]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC2844CFF02FB57FC45F9FD" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC2844CFF02FB57FB6EFAF8" blockId="1.[151,1436,1252,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFC2844CFF02FB57FB6EFAF8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788098" collectingDate="2014-11-18" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="V. Pl. & Leonel Viegas" country="Sao Tome and Principe" county="Me Zochi district" location="Bom Sucesso" municipality="Monte Cafe" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC2844CFF02FB57FECCFB40" bold="true" box="[151,383,1252,1277]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Material examined</emphasis>
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.
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<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC2844CFE06FB57FDB3FB40" box="[403,512,1252,1277]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="E8A94482FFC2844CFD9AFB57FDFEFB41" box="[527,589,1252,1276]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">ZMA</collectionCode>
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<collectorName id="234DB991FFC2844CFDCFFB57FD22FB40" box="[602,657,1252,1277]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">V.Pl.</collectorName>
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||
7247.1,
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<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFC2844CFD6BFB57FCC7FB41" box="[766,884,1252,1276]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
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Island,
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<location id="8B678A9CFFC2844CFC4CFB56FBCAFB41" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFC2844BFF02FB2EFDD6FC3D:8B678A9CFFC2844CFC4CFB56FBCAFB41" box="[985,1145,1252,1276]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" county="Me Zochi district" municipality="Monte Cafe" name="Bom Sucesso" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Bom Sucesso</location>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6E63463DFFC2844CFB1FFB56FAABFB40" box="[1162,1304,1252,1277]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Monte Café</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCounty id="6766A4CBFFC2844CFABCFB57FF5BFA9D" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Mé Zóchi district</collectingCounty>
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,
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<date id="FA06FA87FFC2844CFF66FABBFE63FA9D" box="[243,464,1287,1312]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" value="2014-11-18">
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<collectingDate id="EA42036FFFC2844CFF66FABBFE63FA9D" box="[243,464,1287,1312]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" value="2014-11-18">18 November 2014</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, coll.
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<collectorName id="234DB991FFC2844CFD89FAB4FD73FA9D" box="[540,704,1287,1312]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Leonel Viegas</collectorName>
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, sagittal sections on 7 slides of the anterior part; sagittal sections on 20 slides of the pharynx and copulatory apparatus; sagittal sections on 11 slides of the tail end.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC2844CFF52FAFCFF40FA68" blockId="1.[151,1436,1252,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFC2844CFF52FAFCFF40FA68" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788110" collectingDate="2012-04-11" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="V. Pl. & Miko Nadel" country="Sao Tome and Principe" elevation="1725" latitude="0.273325" location="Other" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="6.547972" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sao Tome">
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<location id="8B678A9CFFC2844CFF52FAFCFEB4FAD5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFC2844BFF02FB2EFDD6FC3D:8B678A9CFFC2844CFF52FAFCFEB4FAD5" box="[199,263,1359,1384]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" latitude="0.273325" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="6.547972" name="Other" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" stateProvince="Sao Tome">Other</location>
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material:
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<collectionCode id="E8A94482FFC2844CFE16FAE3FE72FAD5" box="[387,449,1360,1384]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">ZMA</collectionCode>
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||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFC2844CFE5CFAFCFE4CFAD5" box="[457,511,1359,1384]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">V.Pl.</collectorName>
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||
7248.1,
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<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFC2844CFDF6FAE3FD67FAD5" box="[611,724,1360,1384]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
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Island, Pica do
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<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFC2844CFC18FAE3FBB2FAD5" box="[909,1025,1360,1384]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<collectingRegion id="4C7C12A5FFC2844CFC18FAE3FBB2FAD5" box="[909,1025,1360,1384]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" name="Sao Tome" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">São Tomé</collectingRegion>
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</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EB8CBA80FFC2844CFB9BFAFCFB38FAD5" box="[1038,1163,1359,1384]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" precision="1" value="0.273325">N0.273325</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EB8CBA80FFC2844CFB06FAFCFAA3FAD5" box="[1171,1296,1359,1384]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" precision="1" value="6.547972">E6.547972</geoCoordinate>
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, alt.
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||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC2844CFAD2FAFCFA2BFAD5" box="[1351,1432,1359,1384]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.725" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" unit="m" value="1725.0">
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<elevation id="05953B74FFC2844CFAD2FAFCFA2BFAD5" box="[1351,1432,1359,1384]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.725" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" unit="m" value="1725.0">1725m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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,
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<date id="FA06FA87FFC2844CFF02FAC7FE85FA31" box="[151,310,1396,1421]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" value="2012-04-11">
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<collectingDate id="EA42036FFFC2844CFF02FAC7FE85FA31" box="[151,310,1396,1421]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" value="2012-04-11">11 April 2012</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, coll.
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<collectorName id="234DB991FFC2844CFEECFAC7FDB0FA30" box="[377,515,1396,1421]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Miko Nadel</collectorName>
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, sagittal sections of the front end on 4 slides; transverse sections of the copulatory apparatus on 12 slides; sagittal sections of the pharynx region on 10 slides; sagittal sections of the posterior end on 9 slides.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC2844CFF52FA53FC45F9FD" blockId="1.[151,1436,1252,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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<materialsCitation id="3ED0D61AFFC2844CFF52FA53FC45F9FD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1424788108" collectingDate="2015-03" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="V. Pl. & Leonel Viegas" country="Sao Tome and Principe" location="Bom Sucesso" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" specimenCount="1">
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<collectionCode id="E8A94482FFC2844CFF52FA53FEB6FA45" box="[199,261,1504,1528]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">ZMA</collectionCode>
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||
<collectorName id="234DB991FFC2844CFE98FA6CFEF7FA45" box="[269,324,1503,1528]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">V.Pl.</collectorName>
|
||
7249.1,
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<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFC2844CFE32FA53FDABFA45" box="[423,536,1504,1528]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
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||
Island,
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||
<location id="8B678A9CFFC2844CFDE0FA53FCA3FA45" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:06116D51FFC2844BFF02FB2EFDD6FC3D:8B678A9CFFC2844CFDE0FA53FCA3FA45" box="[629,784,1504,1528]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" name="Bom Sucesso" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Bom Sucesso</location>
|
||
,
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||
<date id="FA06FA87FFC2844CFC88FA6CFC1AFA45" box="[797,937,1503,1528]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" value="2015-03">
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||
<collectingDate id="EA42036FFFC2844CFC88FA6CFC1AFA45" box="[797,937,1503,1528]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" value="2015-03">March 2015</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
, coll.
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<collectorName id="234DB991FFC2844CFC7BFA6CFB20FA45" box="[1006,1171,1503,1528]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Leonel Viegas</collectorName>
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||
, sagittal sections of the anterior end on 12 slides; horizontal sections of the pharyngeal region on 6 slides; sagittal sections of the copulatory apparatus on 11 slides; sagittal sections of the tail end on 6 slides.
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC2844CFF52F9FFFB4BF935" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC2844CFF52F9FFFB4BF935" blockId="1.[151,1436,1252,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
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||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC2844CFF52F9FFFEFDF9D8" bold="true" box="[199,334,1612,1637]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Etymology.</emphasis>
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||
The specific epithet is derived from the Latin
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<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC2844CFCF1F9FFFC1CF9D9" box="[868,943,1612,1636]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">duplus</emphasis>
|
||
, twofold, and
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||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC2844CFBC3F9FFFB7FF9D9" box="[1110,1228,1612,1636]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">maculosus</emphasis>
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||
, spotted, dappled, and alludes to the fact that this species shows rows of spots on both dorsal and ventral body surface.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC2844CFF52F925FACBF8A3" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC2844CFF52F925FACBF8A3" blockId="1.[151,1436,1252,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC2844CFF52F925FEF2F912" bold="true" box="[199,321,1686,1711]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Black
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<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC2844CFE19F924FDA0F912" box="[396,531,1687,1711]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC2844CFE19F924FDA0F912" box="[396,531,1687,1711]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Othelosoma</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
species with two rows of irregular yellow-ochre spots on the dorsal surface. Two rows of black specks, forming bands, present on the dirty white ventral body surface. No retractor muscle in the anterior part of the body. Communication of the bursal canal with the vaginal duct located halfway between the atrial and bursal openings of the latter. Vaginal duct extending far into the small, thick-walled copulatory bursa.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC28448FF52F89AFC55FB53" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="296" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC2844CFF52F89AFB5DF86F" blockId="1.[151,1436,1252,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC2844CFF52F89AFEEAF8FF" bold="true" box="[199,345,1833,1858]" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Description.</emphasis>
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Dorsal surface black with rather large, irregular yellow-ochre spots arranged in two rows (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC2844CFADFF89AFA3CF8FF" box="[1354,1423,1833,1858]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 3, 5" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1726]" captionTargetBox="[177,1406,203,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1725]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 3, 5. Fig. 1. Location of São Tomé Island (after de Queiroz 2014, modified). Fig. 2. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Live specimen from Ribeira Peixe, Scale bar not available. Fig. 3. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Ventral surface of living holotype specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 5. Othelosoma duplamaculosum, holotype, sagittal section showing ovary, ventral nerve cord and testes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250241/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ventral surface dirty white and with two rows of irregular black specks, forming two bands; irregular rows of specks also run from each of the bands towards the lateral side of the body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC2844CFC6EF8C2FBF3F837" box="[1019,1088,1905,1930]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 3, 5" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1703,1726]" captionTargetBox="[177,1406,203,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,193,1725]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 3, 5. Fig. 1. Location of São Tomé Island (after de Queiroz 2014, modified). Fig. 2. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Live specimen from Ribeira Peixe, Scale bar not available. Fig. 3. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Ventral surface of living holotype specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 5. Othelosoma duplamaculosum, holotype, sagittal section showing ovary, ventral nerve cord and testes." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250241/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4C7C12A5FFC2844CFBC2F8C1FBD8F837" box="[1111,1131,1906,1930]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="1" pageNumber="292">A</collectingRegion>
|
||
pair of rather large eyes is situated at the very anterior end of the body. The preserved specimen ZMA V.Pl. 7247.1 measured
|
||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC2844CFB7EF825FA81F813" box="[1259,1330,1942,1966]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" unit="mm" value="23.0">23mm</quantity>
|
||
in length and
|
||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC2844CFF53F809FEA6F86F" box="[198,277,1978,2002]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="292" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3mm</quantity>
|
||
in width. Narrow creeping sole, covering about one-third of the total width of the body.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFC1844FFF02F914FDD3F8A7" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250241/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" targetBox="[177,1406,203,1651]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC1844FFF02F914FDD3F8A7" blockId="2.[151,1436,1703,1818]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC1844FFF02F914FED6F900" bold="true" box="[151,357,1703,1726]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">FIGURES 1–3, 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Fig. 1. Location of São Tomé Island (after de Queiroz 2014, modified). Fig. 2.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC1844FFAB7F91BFEF7F961" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC1844FFAB7F91BFEF7F961" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Othelosoma duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Live specimen from Ribeira Peixe, Scale bar not available. Fig. 3.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC1844FFB86F975FAF0F961" box="[1043,1347,1734,1756]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC1844FFB86F975FAF0F961" box="[1043,1347,1734,1756]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Othelosoma duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Ventral surface of living holotype specimen. Scale bar not available. Fig. 5.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC1844FFCC8F956FB3EF946" box="[861,1165,1765,1787]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC1844FFCC8F956FB3EF946" box="[861,1165,1765,1787]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Othelosoma duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype, sagittal section showing ovary, ventral nerve cord and testes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC1844FFF52F8F2FA3EF81F" blockId="2.[151,1436,1857,2029]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">Subepidermal musculature consisting of a thin layer of circular muscle, followed by a thin layer of longitudinal muscle. Parenchymal longitudinal muscles well developed, particularly on the ventral side, where longitudinal muscles are present also dorsally to the ventral nerve cords. No retractor muscle in the anterior end of the animal.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC1844EFF52F81EFB60FF45" blockId="2.[151,1436,1857,2029]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,392]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="294" pageId="2" pageNumber="293">
|
||
The root of the cylindrical pharynx is placed more or less halfway of the distance between the anterior tip and the posterior end of the specimen. Pharynx length is almost 1/13th of the total body length in the preserved
|
||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC1844FFAAFF867FA2FF850" box="[1338,1436,2004,2029]" pageId="2" pageNumber="293" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen. Mouth located halfway between the anterior and the posterior tip of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC0844EFBFCFF24FB78FF0D" box="[1129,1227,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen. Mouth opening located about halfway between the posterior wall of the pharyngeal cavity and the root of the pharynx (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC0844EFAFAFF0FFF1BFF45" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1393,1415]" captionTargetBox="[253,1356,534,1308]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[162,1424,445,1371]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 4. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the pharynx; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250242/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pharyngeal pouch musculature composed of few layers of subepithelial longitudinal muscles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC0844EFF52FEB7FD3EFE35" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
||
Outer pharynx epithelium underlain by a simple layer of longitudinal muscles, followed by stronger layers of intermingled muscles with both circular and longitudinal fibres. The same configuration of muscle layers is present underneath the inner pharynx epithelium, lining the lumen, albeit that here the zone of muscles is thicker than the one underneath the outer epithelium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC0844EFDAEFEDCFD33FE35" box="[571,640,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1393,1415]" captionTargetBox="[253,1356,534,1308]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[162,1424,445,1371]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 4. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the pharynx; anterior to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250242/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFC0844EFF02FAC2FAA2FA3A" box="[151,1297,1393,1415]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250242/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" targetBox="[253,1356,534,1308]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC0844EFF02FAC2FAA2FA3A" blockId="3.[151,1297,1393,1415]" box="[151,1297,1393,1415]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC0844EFF02FAC2FEA1FA3B" bold="true" box="[151,274,1393,1415]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC0844EFE8CFAC2FDF4FA3A" box="[281,583,1393,1415]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC0844EFE8CFAC2FDF4FA3A" box="[281,583,1393,1415]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Othelosoma duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the pharynx; anterior to the right.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC0844EFF52FA1CFC9DF9E7" blockId="3.[151,1437,1454,2022]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
||
In the
|
||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC0844EFE9AFA1DFEC2FA7A" box="[271,369,1454,1479]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
the first testes are located
|
||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC0844EFD09FA1CFD58FA7A" box="[668,747,1455,1479]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8mm</quantity>
|
||
behind the ovaries and
|
||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC0844EFC63FA1CFBF6FA7A" box="[1014,1093,1455,1479]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3mm</quantity>
|
||
behind the centre of the brain. The testes extend backwards to about 700µm posterior to the mouth opening. The testes are located ventrally on either side of the body between the intestinal branches and the sub-intestinal transverse parenchymal muscle layer. The shape of the testes follicles is oblong, the follicles occupying less than 1/7th of the dorsoventral diameter in the prepharyngeal and the pharyngeal part of the body (Fig. 5).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC08449FF52F9D6FDF5FF45" blockId="3.[151,1437,1454,2022]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,429]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="295" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">
|
||
The sperm ducts run amongst the fibers of the parenchymal muscle layer located dorsally to the ventral nerve cords. The distribution of these muscle fibers around the duct is irregular, being more abundant on the dorsal than on the ventral side. The sperm ducts expand very slightly and turn dorsally under the most antero-ventral part of the seminal vesicle. At this point the sperm ducts fuse to form a short common sperm duct, which penetrates the coat of muscles around the seminal vesicle. The ovoid, elongated seminal vesicle has a relatively narrow lumen and runs more or less parallel to the body surface. After having received the opening of the common vas deferens, the Sshaped lumen initially expands somewhat in diameter and, subsequently, gradually narrows to form the ejaculatory duct, which opens at the tip of the penis papilla (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC0844EFD20F8D2FD4AF8C7" box="[693,761,1889,1914]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[193,1401,529,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,481,1883]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 8. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250243/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="294">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The latter is a short conical structure with a blunt tip and it is covered with a thin, nucleated epithelium. In the
|
||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC0844EFD43F836FC8BF823" box="[726,824,1925,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="294" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
the penis papilla proper, i.e. from its point of insertion to the tip, measures 500µm, while the seminal vesicle measures 1300µm in length. The seminal vesicle is surrounded by a very strong layer of circular muscles. Longitudinal muscles lie interspersed in this layer of circular muscles. The posterior part of the seminal vesicle contains a more than 10µm long part of a sclerotic spermatophore (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC78449FED8FF0FFE20FF69" box="[333,403,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[193,1401,529,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,481,1883]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 8. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250243/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
), while remnants of a spermatophore are also present at the opening of the ejaculatory duct at the penis tip and in the male atrium.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC78449FF52FEB7FB7FFE10" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">
|
||
Penis glands are mainly distributed dorsally and ventrally to the root of the penis papilla. Furthermore, the penis papilla receives secretions from extra-penial glandular elements from the area around the posterior half of the seminal vesicle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC78449FEC2FEFFFE2DFED8" box="[343,414,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[193,1401,529,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,481,1883]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 8. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250243/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). These erythrophil glands discharge, perpendicularly to the anterior-posterior body axis, into the the ejaculatory duct and the lumen of the seminal vesicle, or prostatic vesicle. Further there are many of these glands around the anterior part of the seminal vesicle discharging secretions into the latter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DAC78CCFFFC78449FF02F8C3FAD5F879" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250243/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" targetBox="[193,1401,529,1827]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC78449FF02F8C3FAD5F879" blockId="4.[151,1436,1904,1988]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC78449FF02F8C3FE89F83B" bold="true" box="[151,314,1904,1927]" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">FIGURES 6–8.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC78449FED5F8C2FDDEF83A" box="[320,621,1905,1927]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="4" pageNumber="295" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC78449FED5F8C2FDDEF83A" box="[320,621,1905,1927]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="295">Othelosoma duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52FF24FDA6FF68" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Genital atrium lined with a thin, nucleated epithelium, underlain with a subepithelial circular muscle layer, followed by longitudinal muscles.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52FF53FEC2FEFE" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||
Gonopore located at two-thirds of the distance between the anterior and posterior end of the specimen. Distance between mouth and gonopore approximately
|
||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC68448FC9FFEB5FCE8FEA2" box="[778,859,262,287]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" unit="mm" value="4.6">4.6mm</quantity>
|
||
, i.e. 1/5th of the total body length in the preserved
|
||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC68448FF02FE99FF4AFEFE" box="[151,249,298,323]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52FEE2FC48FD37" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||
Ovaries situated above the ventral nerve cords, occupying 1/6th of dorsoventral diameter of the anterior part of the body (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC68448FE9DFEC6FEFEFE33" box="[264,333,373,398]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[193,1401,529,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,481,1883]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 8. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250243/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
). They are positioned at
|
||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC68448FDF8FEC5FD0FFE33" box="[621,700,374,398]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4mm</quantity>
|
||
behind the brain. The oviducts arise from ventral side of ovaries. Oviducts run in posterior direction between the fibers of the parenchymal muscle band. The dispersion of the muscle fibers around the ducts is irregular, more fibres being present to the dorsal side than to the ventral side. Posterior to the gonopore, at the level of the bursa, the oviducts turn dorsally and, subsequently, fuse to form a short common oviduct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC68448FEF7FDB6FE15FDA3" box="[354,422,517,542]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[193,1401,529,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,481,1883]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 8. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250243/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). The latter opens into the bursal canal at a position about halfway between the opening of the canal into atrium and its communication with the bursa. The oviducts receive shell glands before and after they have fused to form a common oviduct. The cell bodies of these erythrophil shell glands are distributed dorsally to the common oviduct, while they also extend quite far into posterior direction.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52FD25FADCFC83" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||
From the point of the opening of the common oviduct, the bursal canal of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC68448FBB0FD26FB34FD13" box="[1061,1159,661,686]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
rises obliquely for about 200µm into antero-dorsal direction to open into the vaginal duct (this part corresponds to Beauchamp's canal); in the other direction it runs obliquely towards the atrium (this section corresponds to the canalis anonymus). The communication between the bursal canal and the vaginal duct is at about halfway between the opening of latter into the bursa and its communication with the atrium, which is located about 310µm dorsally to the ventral surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52FCFAFC88FC17" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||
The vaginal duct penetrates the ventral surface of the copulatory bursa and extends in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC68448FB5FFCFAFA9FFCDF" box="[1226,1324,841,866]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
for about 110µm into the latter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC68448FE01FCDEFE69FC3B" box="[404,474,877,902]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[193,1401,529,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,481,1883]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 8. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250243/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). This extension is mostly composed of a very flat section of the epithelium, bearing well developed cilia, as does the entire vaginal duct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC68448FD7DFC22FC9FFC17" box="[744,812,913,938]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[193,1401,529,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,481,1883]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 8. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250243/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52FC06FCC2FBE3" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Vaginal duct and bursal canal are lined with a nucleated, ciliated, and pseudostratified epithelium. The musculature around both canals, vaginal duct and Beauchamp's canal, consists of a layer of circular muscles followed by a layer of longitudinal muscles, which are partly diagonally, criss-cross arranged. This zone of muscles is slightly more developed on the vaginal duct than on the Beauchamp's canal. The canalis anonymus section of the bursal canal is surrounded by a thin layer of circular muscles.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52FBDAFC55FB53" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||
The ball-shaped bursa of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC68448FD9BFBDAFDC3FB3F" box="[526,624,1129,1154]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
measures about 400µm in diameter and occupies approximately 30% of the dorso-ventral diameter of the body in this part of the specimen. The bursa is lined with a thick-walled (100- 150µm), pseudo-stratified epithelium (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC68448FDDEFB02FD22FB77" box="[587,657,1201,1226]" captionStart="FIGURES 6 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1904,1927]" captionTargetBox="[193,1401,529,1827]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,481,1883]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 6 – 8. Othelosoma duplamaculosum. Fig. 6. Holotype, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus; anterior to the right. Fig. 7. Holotype, sagittal section through seminal vesicle, showing the location of the spermatophore. Fig. 8. Holotype, sagittal section through female reproductive system, showing copulatory bursa, vaginal duct, and bursal canal." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250243/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
). The lumen of the bursa is small, less than 120µm in diameter. The bursal musculature is composed of a weak layer of decussate muscle fibres.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC68448FF52FB4AFCAAFAC3" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52FB4AFCAAFAC3" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FF52FB4AFED3FAAF" bold="true" box="[199,352,1273,1298]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is known from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC68448FD5EFB49FD48FAAF" box="[715,763,1274,1298]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality, Bom Sucesso, Monte Café, where it was collected on two different occasions, and also from another location on
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFC68448FCF1FAADFC64FA8B" box="[868,983,1310,1334]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4C7C12A5FFC68448FCF1FAADFC64FA8B" box="[868,983,1310,1334]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" name="Sao Tome" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">São Tomé</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFC68448FC75FAAEFB94FA8B" box="[992,1063,1309,1334]" name="Iceland" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, viz. Pica do
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F6AF9CD7FFC68448FB52FAADFA8EFA8B" box="[1223,1341,1310,1334]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4C7C12A5FFC68448FB52FAADFA8EFA8B" box="[1223,1341,1310,1334]" country="Sao Tome and Principe" name="Sao Tome" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">São Tomé</collectingRegion>
|
||
</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4C7C12A5FFC68448FADFFAADFAEDFA8B" box="[1354,1374,1310,1334]" country="Nigeria" name="Rivers" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">A</collectingRegion>
|
||
third locality where the species was observed, but from where no specimens were collected, is Ribeira Peixe, around
|
||
<quantity id="494071A2FFC68448FF02FAD6FF65FAC3" box="[151,214,1381,1406]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" unit="km" value="25.0">25km</quantity>
|
||
south of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="510362E5FFC68448FEFCFAD5FE2AFAC3" box="[361,409,1382,1406]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality near Monte Café (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1683C0C2FFC68448FD52FAD6FCB8FAC3" box="[711,779,1381,1406]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1305,1328]" captionTargetBox="[188,1413,293,1255]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,265,1328]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Fig. 9. Distributional records of terrestrial planarians used in this study. Red filled circle: Othelosoma lineaenigrum; blue filled triangle: Othelosoma duplamaculosum; purple filled square: Othelosoma impensum; brown filled hexagon: Othelosoma laticlavium; green filled asterisk: Othelosoma simile; black cross: Bipalium kewense. Fig. 10. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, drawing of anterior end of specimen in ethanol. Fig. 11. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, dorsal side of living specimen; scale bar not available. Fig. 12. Othelosoma impensum, holotype, ventral side of living specimen. Scale bar not available." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250244/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC68448FF52FA3AFECCF8C8" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52FA3AFCB5F98F" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FF52FA3AFEFFFA1F" bold="true" box="[199,332,1417,1442]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
The unique feature, among the known species of the genus
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FBA1FA3AFB71FA1C" box="[1076,1218,1417,1441]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FBA1FA3AFB0DFA1C" box="[1076,1214,1417,1441]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">Othelosoma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
of irregular spots arranged in two rows on the dorsal as well as on the ventral body surface make it easy to distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FA14FA1DFEE5FA54" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FA14FA1DFEE5FA54" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from all other presently known representatives of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FBD2FA62FB7DFA54" box="[1095,1230,1489,1513]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FBD2FA62FB7DFA54" box="[1095,1230,1489,1513]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Generally, most
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FF02FA46FEADF9B0" box="[151,286,1525,1549]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FF02FA46FEADF9B0" box="[151,286,1525,1549]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species have a striped body. Below we will compare
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FC12FA45FBD9F9B0" box="[903,1130,1525,1549]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FC12FA45FBD9F9B0" box="[903,1130,1525,1549]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FA81FA46FA28F9B0" box="[1300,1435,1525,1549]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FA81FA46FA28F9B0" box="[1300,1435,1525,1549]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species that have at least one dark dorsal stripe or band.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC68448FF52F98EFECCF8C8" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||
The combination of the following internal, anatomical features in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FC32F98DFB3BF9E8" box="[935,1160,1597,1621]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FC32F98DFB3BF9E8" box="[935,1160,1597,1621]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
invites comparison with only three of the known
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FE27F9D2FD8AF9C4" box="[434,569,1633,1657]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FE27F9D2FD8AF9C4" box="[434,569,1633,1657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species, viz. O.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FD6CF9D2FBA7F9C7" authority="Jameson, 1907" authorityName="Jameson" authorityYear="1907" box="[761,1044,1633,1658]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="caffrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FD6CF9D2FCE3F9C4" box="[761,848,1633,1657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">caffrum</emphasis>
|
||
(Jameson, 1907)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FBB6F9D1FAF0F9C7" authority="Marcus, 1955" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1955" box="[1059,1347,1633,1658]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="huntum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FBB6F9D1FB28F9C4" box="[1059,1179,1633,1657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. huntum</emphasis>
|
||
Marcus, 1955
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FA15F9D1FE23F923" authority="Marcus, 1955" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1955" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="wauzen">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FA15F9D1FF58F920" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. wauzen</emphasis>
|
||
Marcus, 1955
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: (1) bursal canal fusing with the vaginal duct halfway between the atrial and bursal openings of the latter, and (2) presence of a small, thick-walled bursa that occupies not more than one third of the dorsoventral diameter of the preserved specimen in that part of the body. The bursal canal in these three species fuses with the vaginal duct more or less halfway before the latter enters into the small copulatory bursa (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC68448FAD2F941FF6CF893" author="Marcus" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" refString="Marcus, E. (1955 a) Turbellaria. In: Hanstrom, B. (Ed.), South African Animal Life - Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, Vol. 1. pp. 101 - 151." type="journal article" year="1955" yearSuffix="a">Marcus 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In other words, the only bursal opening is the opening of the vaginal duct into the bursa, the bursal canal fusing with the vaginal duct well before this point. Furthermore, all three species have a common oviduct, as does
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FF02F8EDFECBF8C8" box="[151,376,1885,1909]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FF02F8EDFECBF8C8" box="[151,376,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC6844BFF52F831FA2EFE35" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="297" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC6844BFF52F831FB0BFF45" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,2018]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,896]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="297" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">
|
||
However
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FEA0F831FE1EF824" box="[309,429,1921,1945]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="huntum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FEA0F831FE1EF824" box="[309,429,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. huntum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FE70F831FDEEF824" box="[485,605,1922,1945]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="wauzen">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FE70F831FDEEF824" box="[485,605,1922,1945]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. wauzen</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FD7FF831FC7FF824" box="[746,972,1921,1945]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FD7FF831FC7FF824" box="[746,972,1921,1945]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the presence of intra- and extrabulbar vesicles of the male duct (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC68448FE40F815FDCCF803" author="Marcus" box="[469,639,1957,1982]" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" refString="Marcus, E. (1955 a) Turbellaria. In: Hanstrom, B. (Ed.), South African Animal Life - Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, Vol. 1. pp. 101 - 151." type="journal article" year="1955" yearSuffix="a">Marcus 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), whereas the lumen of the seminal vesicle of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FB20F815FA2FF803" box="[1205,1436,1958,1982]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FB20F815FA2FF803" box="[1205,1436,1958,1982]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gradually narrows to form the ejaculatory duct without forming intra- or extrabulbar vesicles. Further, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC68448FAB3F879FA2FF85C" box="[1318,1436,1994,2017]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="5" pageNumber="296" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="wauzen">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC68448FAB3F879FA2FF85C" box="[1318,1436,1994,2017]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="296">O. wauzen</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the common atrium is separated from the male atrium by a muscular sphincter (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC5844BFB8DFF2BFB0EFF0D" author="Marcus" box="[1048,1213,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" refString="Marcus, E. (1955 a) Turbellaria. In: Hanstrom, B. (Ed.), South African Animal Life - Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, Vol. 1. pp. 101 - 151." type="journal article" year="1955" yearSuffix="a">Marcus 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which is absent in
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFF02FF0FFE32FF69" box="[151,385,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFF02FF0FFECEFF69" box="[151,381,188,212]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">O. duplamaculosum</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFDB0FF0FFCB4FF69" box="[549,775,188,212]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFDB0FF0FFCB4FF69" box="[549,775,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in which the lumen of the seminal vesicle is S-shaped, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFF02FF53FEBEFF45" box="[151,269,224,248]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="huntum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFF02FF53FEBEFF45" box="[151,269,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. huntum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the whole muscular seminal vesicle, and its lumen, is loop-shaped (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC5844BFB93FF53FB1FFF45" author="Marcus" box="[1030,1196,223,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" refString="Marcus, E. (1955 a) Turbellaria. In: Hanstrom, B. (Ed.), South African Animal Life - Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, Vol. 1. pp. 101 - 151." type="journal article" year="1955" yearSuffix="a">Marcus 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC5844BFF02FEB6FA2EFE35" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||
In addition to these anatomical differences between the copulatory organs of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFB92FEB7FB59FEA1" box="[1031,1258,260,284]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFB92FEB7FB59FEA1" box="[1031,1258,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFAB1FEB7FA2FFEA1" box="[1316,1436,260,284]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="huntum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFAB1FEB7FA2FFEA1" box="[1316,1436,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. huntum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFF53FE9BFE8EFEFD" box="[198,317,296,320]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="wauzen">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFF53FE9BFE8EFEFD" box="[198,317,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. wauzen</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
mentioned above, they do also differ in another feature. In
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFC49FE9BFBE0FEFD" box="[988,1107,296,320]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="wauzen">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFC49FE9BFBE0FEFD" box="[988,1107,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. wauzen</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and also in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFB76FE9BFAE6FEFD" box="[1251,1365,296,320]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="caffrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFB76FE9BFAE6FEFD" box="[1251,1365,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O caffrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, there is a ventral retractor muscle, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFDD4FEFFFD0BFED9" box="[577,696,332,356]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="huntum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFDD4FEFFFD0BFED9" box="[577,696,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. huntum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows a dorsal retractor muscle in the anterior body end (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC5844BFAD3FEFFFF6CFE35" author="Marcus" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" refString="Marcus, E. (1955 a) Turbellaria. In: Hanstrom, B. (Ed.), South African Animal Life - Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, Vol. 1. pp. 101 - 151." type="journal article" year="1955" yearSuffix="a">Marcus 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFEF3FEC3FD00FE35" box="[358,691,368,392]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFEF3FEC3FD00FE35" box="[358,691,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Othelosoma duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
completely lacks retractor muscles in the anterior end of the body.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C6A28FCCFFC5844BFF52FE27FDD6FC3D" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC5844BFF52FE27FE58FDDD" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||
The course of the muscular seminal vesicle is similar in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFCD1FE27FB95FE11" box="[836,1062,404,428]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFCD1FE27FB95FE11" box="[836,1062,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFBCAFE27FB6AFE11" box="[1119,1241,404,428]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="caffrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFBCAFE27FB6AFE11" box="[1119,1241,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. caffrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but the shape of the penis papilla is different. While in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFDC4FE0BFD7FFE6D" box="[593,716,440,464]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="caffrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFDC4FE0BFD7FFE6D" box="[593,716,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. caffrum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the vertically orientated penis papilla has a broad basis, which quickly narrows towards the tip (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC5844BFDD5FE6FFD43FE48" author="Marcus" box="[576,752,476,501]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" refString="Marcus, E. (1955 a) Turbellaria. In: Hanstrom, B. (Ed.), South African Animal Life - Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, Vol. 1. pp. 101 - 151." type="journal article" year="1955" yearSuffix="a">Marcus 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the more horizontally orientated penis papilla of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFA14FE6FFEE5FDA5" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFA14FE6FFEE5FDA5" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the shape of a blunt cone, which diminishes in diameter much more gradually. Furthermore, a muscular sphincter around the vaginal duct is present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFCB5FD97FBEBFD80" authority="Marcus 1955a" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1955" box="[800,1112,548,573]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="caffrum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFCB5FD97FC28FD81" box="[800,923,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. caffrum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC5844BFC39FD97FBE2FD80" author="Marcus" box="[940,1105,548,573]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" refString="Marcus, E. (1955 a) Turbellaria. In: Hanstrom, B. (Ed.), South African Animal Life - Results of the Lund University Expedition in 1950 - 1951, Vol. 1. pp. 101 - 151." type="journal article" year="1955" yearSuffix="a">Marcus 1955a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whereas such a structure is absent in
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFE97FDFBFE58FDDD" box="[258,491,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFE97FDFBFE54FDDD" box="[258,487,584,608]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">O. duplamaculosum</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8E07DC47FFC5844BFF52FDDEFDD6FC3D" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,896]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">
|
||
It is noteworthy that in specimen ZMA V.Pl. 7247.1 of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFCAEFDDFFBAEFD39" box="[827,1053,620,644]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="duplamaculosum">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFCAEFDDFFBAEFD39" box="[827,1053,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">O. duplamaculosum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the posterior fifth of the seminal vesicle contains a more than 10µm long part of a sclerotic spermatophore, while remnants of a spermatophore are also present at the opening of the ejaculatory duct at the tip of the penis papilla and in the male atrium. To the best of our knowledge this is the first record of a sclerotic spermatophore in an
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFC60FD6BFBCFFD4D" box="[1013,1148,728,752]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Othelosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFC60FD6BFBCFFD4D" box="[1013,1148,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Othelosoma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. In general, such sclerotic spermatophores are rare in terrestrial planarians and thus far have only been recorded for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFA8CFD4FFE03FC85" authority="Heinzel, 1929" authorityName="Heinzel" authorityYear="1929" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Platydemus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="victoriae">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFA8CFD4FFF48FC8A" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Platydemus victoriae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC5844BFE9CFCACFE1BFC85" author="Heinzel" box="[265,424,799,824]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" refString="Heinzel, L. (1929) Zur Kenntnis der Rynchodemiden. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 56, 425 - 462 + 2 pls." type="journal article" year="1929">Heinzel, 1929</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and within the copulatory bursa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="49B8A7C4FFC5844BFCABFC93FB28FC85" authority="Winsor, 1991" authorityName="Winsor" authorityYear="1991" box="[830,1179,799,824]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Geoplanidae" genus="Pimea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="monticola">
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFCABFC93FC4EFC85" box="[830,1021,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Pimea monticola</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC5844BFB91FCACFB28FC85" author="Winsor" box="[1028,1179,799,824]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" refString="Winsor, L. (1991) A new genus and species of terrestrial flatworm from the central highlands of New Caledonia (Tricladida Terricola). Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, ser. A. 149, 19 - 13." type="book chapter" year="1991">Winsor, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFB3DFC93FA2FFC85" box="[1192,1436,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Microplana aixandrei</emphasis>
|
||
Vila-Farré
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFE84FCF6FEFAFCE1" box="[273,329,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2008 and have been suggested for
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFD4FFCF7FC0BFCE1" box="[730,952,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">Microplana hyalina</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC5844BFC2AFCF7FB07FCE1" author="Vila-Farre" box="[959,1204,836,861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" refString="Vila-Farre, M., Sluys, R., Mateos, E., Jones, H. D. & Romero, R. (2011) Land planarians (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Geoplanidae) from the Iberian Peninsula: new records and description of two new species, with a discussion on ecology. Journal of Natural History, 45, 869 - 891." type="journal article" year="2011">Vila-Farré et al., 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EA29A1B6FFC5844BFB56FCF7FAEBFCE1" author="Winsor" box="[1219,1368,836,861]" pageId="6" pageNumber="297" refString="Winsor, L. (1991) A new genus and species of terrestrial flatworm from the central highlands of New Caledonia (Tricladida Terricola). Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, ser. A. 149, 19 - 13." type="book chapter" year="1991">Winsor 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Vila- Farré
|
||
<emphasis id="BCCC0055FFC5844BFF4CFCDAFEBAFC3D" box="[217,265,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="297">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011, and references therein).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |