332 lines
34 KiB
XML
332 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="C9994BB1F643D9509C67D6577F4042C1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4017.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="086efdb4-44cf-4c0b-a796-1eb81f2cdd24" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="245475" ID-ZooBank="BBFC3D93-6A7E-4862-84EF-021ADE2F4B3A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461250260060" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Zuparko, Robert L." docDate="2015" docId="03CC87E4FFBF4367FF02C72B898EFDAC" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04017p126.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4017 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Gyranusoidea Compere 1947" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="61" masterDocId="FFF5FF9CFF84435BFF95C5638839FF90" masterDocTitle="Annotated Checklist of California Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera)" masterLastPageNumber="126" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="60" updateTime="1698607410885" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="24075D18338781D254B2D2BC8948DF46">
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<mods:title id="BE3BD36A34A9EBE306520C431BE48F75">Annotated Checklist of California Encyrtidae (Hymenoptera)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="DEB6B6968DDC762D61E2CA802D6BF192" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8B90221CB6A897EEECB7D940A9B833DC">Zuparko, Robert L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="6BD58CB9463F5556606453307B2AED98">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="9EFA08C6923EFB5C519FF30A6AF06484">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="646B3679AD826E22EDDFDD7634C8308C">
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<mods:date id="878B301F37251FFCC3E76D09DCF6A739">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="CCE5485377A09BC42BEE1B79FACDB7AA" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="EC2C407F7E7B5A33A56C35CCE23DD86C">4017</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="6C1D1F65DD834E06F91F2C49A770558A" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="A5669E470794498791475D27C178A6E3">1</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="ACB2544EA0436BC1D773FF0DF2E27DC0">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2A0EEF3AE44C72A533DC2ED60F6CF774" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4017.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03CC87E4FFBF4367FF02C72B898EFDAC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6117075" ID-GBIF-Taxon="123206878" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6117075" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CC87E4FFBF4367FF02C72B898EFDAC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CC87E4FFBF4367FF02C72B898EFDAC" lastPageId="60" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<subSubSection id="C37F6579FFBF4360FF02C72B8A19FD37" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF02C72B89C4FDF2" blockId="59.[151,509,584,610]" box="[151,509,584,610]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<heading id="D092819EFFBF4360FF02C72B89C4FDF2" bold="true" box="[151,509,584,610]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FF02C72B89C4FDF2" ID-CoL="4S3N" ID-ENA="2058209" authority="Compere 1947" authorityName="Compere" authorityYear="1947" box="[151,509,584,610]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Gyranusoidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF02C72B89C4FDF2" bold="true" box="[151,509,584,610]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF02C72B8979FDF2" bold="true" box="[151,320,584,610]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Gyranusoidea</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FFBF4360FED2C72B89C4FDF2" author="Compere" box="[327,509,584,610]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Compere, H. (1947) A report on a collection of Encyrtidae with descriptions of new genera and species. University of California Publications in Entomology, 8, 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1947">Compere 1947</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF02C7ED8A19FD37" blockId="59.[151,544,654,679]" box="[151,544,654,679]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF02C7ED88D8FD37" bold="true" box="[151,225,654,679]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Hosts.</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FF7DC7ED895AFD37" box="[232,355,654,679]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FEF8C7ED8A19FD37" box="[365,544,654,679]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pseudococcidae</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FFBF4360FF02C7B58B22FD7F" box="[151,795,726,751]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF02C7B58B22FD7F" blockId="59.[151,1436,726,1074]" box="[151,795,726,751]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7511DCFFBF4360FF02C7B58B22FD7F" box="[151,795,726,751]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FF02C7B589EEFD7F" ID-CoL="659S3" authority="Beardsley 1969: 303" authorityName="Beardsley" authorityPageNumber="303" authorityYear="1969" box="[151,471,726,751]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Aenasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="advena">
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<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF02C7B588D1FD7F" box="[151,232,726,751]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">advena</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410E3FFBF4360FF7AC7B589EEFD7F" author="Beardsley" box="[239,471,726,751]" page="303" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1969">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FFBF4360FF7AC7B58998FD7F" author="Beardsley" box="[239,417,726,751]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Beardsley, J. W. Jr. (1969) The Anagyrina of the Hawaiian Islands (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) with descriptions of two new species. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 20, 287 - 310." type="journal article" year="1969">Beardsley 1969</bibRefCitation>
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: 303
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[
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<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FE72C7B58A89FD7F" bold="true" box="[487,688,726,751]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">New state record</emphasis>
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||
] (RLZC)
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FFBF4360FF52C7998965FC82" box="[199,348,762,787]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF52C7998965FC82" blockId="59.[151,1436,726,1074]" box="[199,348,762,787]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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||
<typeStatus id="54DE8850FFBF4360FF52C7998939FC83" box="[199,256,762,787]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF52C7998939FC83" bold="true" box="[199,256,762,787]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Type</emphasis>
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||
</typeStatus>
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.
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<collectionCode id="ED74AE37FFBF4360FE9AC7988965FC82" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" box="[271,348,763,786]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">BPBM</collectionCode>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C37F6579FFBF4360FF52C67D8A77FCEF" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="distribution">
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||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF52C67D89C3FCA7" blockId="59.[151,1436,726,1074]" box="[199,506,798,823]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF52C67D8959FCA7" bold="true" box="[199,352,798,823]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Distribution.</emphasis>
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A (Alameda)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF52C6218A77FCEF" blockId="59.[151,1436,726,1074]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF52C621895AFCCB" bold="true" box="[199,355,834,859]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Host/habitat.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FEFEC6218AA9FCCB" box="[363,656,834,859]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Pseudococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antricolens">
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||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FEFEC6218AA9FCCB" box="[363,656,834,859]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Pseudococcus antricolens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FD0AC6278B04FCCB" box="[671,829,834,859]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Pseudococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispinus">
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<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FD0AC6278A94FCCB" box="[671,685,836,859]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">P</emphasis>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FD29C6218B04FCCB" box="[700,829,834,859]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">longispinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FCD9C6278BC8FCCB" box="[844,1009,834,859]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Pseudococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pipturicolus">
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<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FCD9C6278B63FCCB" box="[844,858,836,859]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
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||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FCFFC6218BC8FCCB" box="[874,1009,834,859]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">pipturicolus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FB95C6278C37FCCB" box="[1024,1038,836,859]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">P</emphasis>
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||
. sp.; in California, it was collected on
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FF2FC6048A73FCEF" box="[186,586,870,895]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Syzygium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="paniculatum">
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<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF2FC604898FFCEF" box="[186,438,870,895]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Syzygium paniculatum</emphasis>
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(Myrtaceae)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FFBF4360FF52C6E988E1FBA2" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF52C6E988E1FBA2" blockId="59.[151,1436,726,1074]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF52C6E98902FC33" bold="true" box="[199,315,906,931]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Remarks.</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FFBF4360FED6C6E889D3FC33" author="Noyes" box="[323,490,906,931]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Noyes, J. S. (1988 b) Encyrtidae (Insecta: Hymenoptera). Fauna of New Zealand, 13, 1 - 188." type="journal article" year="1988" yearSuffix="b">Noyes (1988b)</bibRefCitation>
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opined that this species might have been accidentally introduced into
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<collectingCountry id="F3727662FFBF4360FA90C6E88DA5FC33" box="[1285,1436,906,931]" name="New Zealand" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
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from Hawaii (whence it had been described), while
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FFBF4360FD42C6CD8BA1FC57" author="Beardsley" box="[727,920,942,967]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Beardsley, J. W. Jr. (1969) The Anagyrina of the Hawaiian Islands (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) with descriptions of two new species. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society, 20, 287 - 310." type="journal article" year="1969">Beardsley (1969)</bibRefCitation>
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noted this species did not appear to be closely allied to the Hawaiian anagyrine complex, and suggested that it was adventive there. Noyes (in litt.) notes that this species is also found in southern Africa and the Mediterranean region, suggesting it may be native to one of those areas.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FFBF4360FF02C1018959FB0F" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF02C1018959FB0F" blockId="59.[151,717,1122,1255]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7511DCFFBF4360FF02C1018959FB0F" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FF02C1018AF4FBEB" ID-CoL="4382K" authority="(Timberlake 1918: 365) (Tanaomastix)" authorityName="Timberlake" authorityPageNumber="365" authorityYear="1918" baseAuthorityName="Timberlake" baseAuthorityPageNumber="365" baseAuthorityYear="1918" box="[151,717,1122,1147]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Microterys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="claripennis">
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||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF02C101892CFBEB" box="[151,277,1122,1147]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">claripennis</emphasis>
|
||
(
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410E3FFBF4360FEB6C1018A26FBEB" author="Timberlake" box="[291,543,1122,1147]" page="365" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1918">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FFBF4360FEB6C1018A26FBEB" author="Timberlake" box="[291,543,1122,1147]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Timberlake, P. H. (1918) New genera and species of Encyrtidae from California parasitic in mealybugs (Hymenoptera). University of California Publications in Entomology, 1, 347 - 367." type="journal article" year="1918">Timberlake 1918: 365</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FDA3C1078AFDFBEB" box="[566,708,1124,1147]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Tanaomastix</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE8850FFBF4360FF52C1E58939FB0F" box="[199,256,1158,1183]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF52C1E58939FB0F" bold="true" box="[199,256,1158,1183]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Type</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
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||
. USNM
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FFBF4360FF52C1C98A79FB76" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF52C1C98A79FB76" blockId="59.[151,717,1122,1255]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF52C1C98959FB53" bold="true" box="[199,352,1194,1219]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
C (Los Angeles)
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF52C1AD895AFB77" bold="true" box="[199,355,1230,1255]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Host/habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FEFFC1AC8A79FB76" box="[362,576,1231,1254]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Dysmicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ryani">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FEFFC1AC8A79FB76" box="[362,576,1231,1254]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Dysmicoccus ryani</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FFBF4360FF02C0758A53FABF" box="[151,618,1302,1327]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF02C0758A53FABF" blockId="59.[151,1436,1302,1543]" box="[151,618,1302,1327]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FF02C0758A53FABF" ID-CoL="3HY9F" authority="Shafee, Alam & Agarwal 1975: 22" authorityName="Shafee, Alam & Agarwal" authorityPageNumber="22" authorityYear="1975" box="[151,618,1302,1327]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Gyranusoidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF02C07588E4FABF" box="[151,221,1302,1327]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">indica</emphasis>
|
||
Shafee, Alam & Agarwal 1975: 22
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FFBF4360FF52C059894FFAC3" box="[199,374,1338,1363]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF52C059894FFAC3" blockId="59.[151,1436,1302,1543]" box="[199,374,1338,1363]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE8850FFBF4360FF52C0598939FAC3" box="[199,256,1338,1363]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF52C0598939FAC3" bold="true" box="[199,256,1338,1363]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Type</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED74AE37FFBF4360FE9AC058894FFAC3" box="[271,374,1339,1363]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">ZDAMU</collectionCode>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FFBF4360FF52C03D8BFAFA0A" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF52C03D89C8FAE7" blockId="59.[151,1436,1302,1543]" box="[199,497,1374,1399]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF52C03D8959FAE7" bold="true" box="[199,352,1374,1399]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
E (Imperial)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF52C0E18BFAFA0A" blockId="59.[151,1436,1302,1543]" box="[199,963,1410,1435]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF52C0E1895AFA0B" bold="true" box="[199,355,1410,1435]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Host/habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FEFFC0E18AB1FA0B" box="[362,648,1410,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Maconellicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FEFFC0E18AB1FA0B" box="[362,648,1410,1435]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Maconellicoccus hirsutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FD02C0E78B4DFA0B" box="[663,884,1410,1435]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Nipaecoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="viridis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FD02C0E78B4DFA0B" box="[663,884,1410,1435]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Nipaecoccus viridis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A222579BFFBF4360FC16C0E78BFAFA0A" box="[899,963,1411,1435]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FC16C0E78BAFFA0B" box="[899,918,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">N</emphasis>
|
||
. sp.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FFBF4360FF52C0C58BD8F92B" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF52C0C58CB7F996" blockId="59.[151,1436,1302,1543]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF52C0C58902FA2F" bold="true" box="[199,315,1446,1471]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Along with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FE52C0C48ABCFA2F" box="[455,645,1446,1471]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Anagyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kamali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FE52C0C48ABCFA2F" box="[455,645,1446,1471]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Anagyrus kamali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this species was imported in a biocontrol program directed against
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FAE8C0C489C8FA73" authority="Roltsch et al. 2006" authorityName="Roltsch et al." authorityYear="2006" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Maconellicoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FAE8C0C48DADFA2E" box="[1405,1428,1447,1470]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF02C0A988C8FA73" box="[151,241,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">hirsutus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FFBF4360FE96C0A989D0FA73" author="Roltsch" box="[259,489,1482,1507]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Roltsch, W. J., Meyerdick, D. E., Warkentin, R., Andress, E. R. & Carrera, K. (2006) Classical biological control of the pink hibiscus mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green), in southern California. Biological Control, 37, 155 - 166. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / j. biocontrol. 2006.01.006" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Roltsch
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FEF0C0AF8998FA73" box="[357,417,1482,1507]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Releases of specimens originating from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3727662FFBF4360FC40C0A88C22FA73" box="[981,1051,1483,1507]" name="Egypt" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3727662FFBF4360FBBFC0A98CB0FA73" box="[1066,1161,1482,1507]" name="Pakistan" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3727662FFBF4360FB53C0A98D14FA73" box="[1222,1325,1482,1507]" name="Australia" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
began in 1999. Although it has established in California, it appears to be outcompeted by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FB89C08C8CBEF997" box="[1052,1159,1518,1543]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Anagyrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kamali">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FB89C08C8C14F996" box="[1052,1069,1519,1542]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">A</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FBAEC08D8CBEF997" box="[1083,1159,1518,1543]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">kamali</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF02C35488FCF9DE" blockId="59.[151,1436,1591,1723]" box="[151,197,1591,1614]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">spp.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF52C3398BD8F92B" blockId="59.[151,1436,1591,1723]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF52C3398902F9E3" bold="true" box="[199,315,1626,1651]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
In addition to the species listed above, I have seen specimens that appear to represent an additional five morphospecies collected in Alameda, Contra Costa, Imperial, Los Angeles, San Bernardino, San Luis Obispo, Stanislaus, Tulare and Tuolumne counties (RLZC, UCDC, UCFC, UCRC).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FFBF4360FF02C26D895AF849" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF02C26D89E5F8B7" blockId="59.[151,476,1806,1831]" box="[151,476,1806,1831]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FF02C26D89E5F8B7" ID-CoL="63782" authority="Ashmead 1900" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1900" box="[151,476,1806,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Holcencyrtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF02C26D8915F8B7" box="[151,300,1806,1831]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Holcencyrtus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FFBF4360FEA6C26D89E5F8B7" author="Ashmead" box="[307,476,1806,1831]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1900) On the genera of the chalcid-flies belonging to the subfamily Encyrtinae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 22, 323 - 412. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.22 - 1202.323" type="journal article" year="1900">Ashmead 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF02C2368A19F8FE" blockId="59.[151,544,1877,1902]" box="[151,544,1877,1902]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF02C23688D8F8FE" bold="true" box="[151,225,1877,1902]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Hosts.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FF7DC236895AF8FE" ID-CoL="HP" box="[232,355,1877,1902]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FEF8C2368A19F8FE" ID-CoL="F8D" box="[365,544,1877,1902]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pseudococcidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFBF4360FF02C2FE895AF849" blockId="59.[151,790,1949,2010]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7511DCFFBF4360FF02C2FE895AF849" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFBF4360FF02C2FE8B2FF826" ID-CoL="3M7FM" authority="(Compere & Zinna 1955: 98) (Acroaspidia)" authorityName="Compere & Zinna" authorityPageNumber="98" authorityYear="1955" baseAuthorityName="Compere & Zinna" baseAuthorityPageNumber="98" baseAuthorityYear="1955" box="[151,790,1949,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Encyrtidae" genus="Holcencyrtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myrmicoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF02C2FE891FF826" box="[151,294,1949,1974]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">myrmicoides</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410E3FFBF4360FEA1C2FD8A54F826" author="Compere" box="[308,621,1949,1974]" page="98" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" year="1955">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FFBF4360FEA1C2FD8A54F826" author="Compere" box="[308,621,1949,1974]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60" refString="Compere, H. & Zinna, G. (1955) Tre nuovi generi e cinque nuove especie di Encyrtidae. Bollettino del Laboratoria di Entomologia Agraria ' Filippo Silvestri', Portici, 14, 94 - 116." type="journal article" year="1955">Compere & Zinna 1955: 98</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FD10C2FE8B34F826" box="[645,781,1949,1974]" italics="true" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Acroaspidia</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE8850FFBF4360FF52C2A28939F84A" box="[199,256,1985,2010]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFBF4360FF52C2A28939F84A" bold="true" box="[199,256,1985,2010]" pageId="59" pageNumber="60">Type</emphasis>
|
||
</typeStatus>
|
||
. BMNH
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FFB84367FF52C5F48A50FF68" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFB84367FF52C5F48A79FF20" blockId="60.[151,1436,151,392]" box="[199,576,151,176]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFB84367FF52C5F48959FF20" bold="true" box="[199,352,151,176]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
E (San Bernardino)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFB84367FF52C5DF8A50FF68" blockId="60.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFB84367FF52C5DF895AFF45" bold="true" box="[199,355,188,213]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Host/habitat.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFB84367FEE5C5DE8A10FF44" box="[368,553,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Ferrisia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="virgata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFB84367FEE5C5DE8A10FF44" box="[368,553,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ferrisia virgata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFB84367FDA9C5DE8B63FF45" box="[572,858,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Formicococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="njalensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFB84367FDA9C5DE8B63FF45" box="[572,858,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Formicococcus njalensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFB84367FCF8C5DF8CADFF45" box="[877,1172,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Phenacoccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madeirensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFB84367FCF8C5DF8CADFF45" box="[877,1172,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Phenacoccus madeirensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFB84367FB3DC5DF8D4AFF44" box="[1192,1395,188,213]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Planococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="citri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFB84367FB3DC5DF8D4AFF44" box="[1192,1395,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Planococcus citri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFB84367FA12C5DE891AFF68" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Pseudococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calceolariae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFB84367FA12C5DE8DACFF44" box="[1415,1429,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFB84367FF02C5BC891AFF68" box="[151,291,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">calceolariae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFB84367FEA4C58289F7FF68" box="[305,462,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Pseudococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFB84367FEA4C5828906FF68" box="[305,319,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFB84367FED8C5BC89F7FF68" box="[333,462,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">longispinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C654D71FFB84367FE49C5828A50FF68" box="[476,617,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" genus="Pseudococcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maritimus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFB84367FE49C58289D3FF68" box="[476,490,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFB84367FE6DC5828A50FF68" box="[504,617,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">maritimus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37F6579FFB84367FF52C467898EFDAC" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFB84367FF52C4678C24FE18" blockId="60.[151,1436,151,392]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFB84367FF52C4678902FE8D" bold="true" box="[199,315,260,285]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This was one of a series of natural enemies imported into California from
|
||
<date id="FFDB1032FFB84367FB0AC4678D38FE8D" box="[1183,1281,260,285]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1948" valueMax="1956">
|
||
1948–
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D9B17FFB84367FB70C4678D38FE8D" box="[1253,1281,260,285]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4224" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" unit="in" value="56.0">56</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
in biocontrol programs directed against economic mealybugs. This species was imported from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3727662FFB84367FBBBC4448CB4FED0" box="[1070,1165,295,320]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
|
||
in 1954 and released in Ventura County the next year (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FFB84367FE63C42F8A9DFEF5" author="Clausen" box="[502,676,332,357]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refString="Clausen, C. P. (1956 b) Releases of recently imported insect parasites and predators in California, 1954 - 55. The Pan-Pacific Entomologist, 32, 125 - 127." type="journal article" year="1956" yearSuffix="b">Clausen 1956b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but it was considered to have failed to establish (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B03FFB84367FB7CC42F8DA9FEF4" author="Bartlett" box="[1257,1424,332,357]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refString="Bartlett, B. R. (1978 c) Pseudococcidae. In: Clausen, C. P. (Ed.), Introduced parasites and predators of arthropod pests and weeds: a world review. Agriculture Handbook 480. Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, pp. 137 - 170." type="journal article" year="1978" yearSuffix="c">Bartlett 1978c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, it was collected in San Bernardino County in
|
||
<date id="FFDB1032FFB84367FC9CC40C8B96FE18" box="[777,943,367,392]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1995" valueMax="2006">1995 and 2006</date>
|
||
(UCRC).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFB84367FF02C4DB88FCFE5F" blockId="60.[151,1436,440,573]" box="[151,197,440,463]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">spp.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA36F2FFB84367FF52C4BF898EFDAC" blockId="60.[151,1436,440,573]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EAE0FFB84367FF52C4BF8902FE65" bold="true" box="[199,315,476,501]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
At least two additional species are present in the state, one found in Inyo, Lassen, Los Angeles, Marin, Riverside and San Luis Obispo counties (CSCA, RLZC, UCRC), and the other in Lassen and Los Angeles counties (RLZC, UCRC).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |