179 lines
25 KiB
XML
179 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="D3D454917F835A3994BCA8E6C735B7D0" ID-CLB-Dataset="3575" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5067.3.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9b8d33b9-c9df-4f9d-abeb-de1c7b84f3e0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5681899" ID-ZooBank="AF3DF45F-B248-4BDD-904F-F55D735DC867" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1636616939909" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Karunarathne, Krishan D. & Croos, M. D. S. T. De" docDate="2021" docId="03CC87DB057DFFE8FF6CA9C7FAF2FB1A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5067.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5067 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Oikopleura cophocerca" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="356" masterDocId="FFF5FFA30579FFECFFFBAB22FFE3FFF9" masterDocTitle="Pelagic tunicates (Appendicularia and Thaliacea) of Sri Lanka: two first records with an annotated checklist" masterLastPageNumber="376" masterPageNumber="352" pageNumber="356" updateTime="1699468210174" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="FB6FEECC575E2615ED41CCB2C66BD515">Pelagic tunicates (Appendicularia and Thaliacea) of Sri Lanka: two first records with an annotated checklist</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CC1920032E6044D5E976F26B68B2E8D4">Karunarathne, Krishan D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8F39B26DAB6A8846D2655DBF8FA02982">Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Faculty of Livestock, Fisheries and Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Gonawila, 60170, Sri Lanka. & krishankarunarathne @ gmail. com; krishan. dk @ wyb. ac. lk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1780 - 9749</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5BA4D360BAC6DC50195F99800C6D27F9" type="email">krishankarunarathne@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="9C873EB07DD19F2401DB414E5D99AE1C">Croos, M. D. S. T. De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FB79B92A6F7EA6ED4CDD8BFAD3E415D9">Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Faculty of Livestock, Fisheries and Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Gonawila, 60170, Sri Lanka. & dileepa _ dc @ yahoo. com; dileepad @ wyb. ac. lk; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4449 - 6573</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E057DFFE8FF6CA9C7FD7CFD06" ID-CoL="48ZX4" authority="(Gegenbaur, 1855)" baseAuthorityName="Gegenbaur" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[151,671,741,768]" class="Appendicularia" family="Oikopleuridae" genus="Oikopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Copelata" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cophocerca">
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<emphasis id="B911EADF057DFFE8FF6CA9C7FE52FCF9" bold="true" box="[151,433,741,768]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">Oikopleura cophocerca</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B3C057DFFE8FE3AA9C7FD74FD06" author="Gegenbaur, C." box="[449,663,741,767]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" pagination="406 - 427" refId="ref20695" refString="Gegenbaur, C. (1855) Bemerkungen uber die Organisation der Appendicularien. Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 6 (3 - 4), 406 - 427." type="journal article" year="1855">Gegenbaur, 1855</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BDA36CD057DFFE8FF6CA808FCE7FCBB" blockId="4.[151,1436,810,926]" box="[151,772,810,834]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E057DFFE8FF6CA808FD77FCBB" ID-CoL="846PC" authority="Gegenbaur 1855" authorityName="Gegenbaur" authorityPageNumber="408" authorityYear="1855" box="[151,660,810,834]" class="Appendicularia" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cophocerca">
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<emphasis id="B911EADF057DFFE8FF6CA808FE53FCBB" box="[151,432,810,834]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">Appendicularia cophocerca</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B3C057DFFE8FE4CA808FD77FCBB" author="Gegenbaur, C." box="[439,660,810,834]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" pagination="406 - 427" refId="ref20695" refString="Gegenbaur, C. (1855) Bemerkungen uber die Organisation der Appendicularien. Zeitschrift fur Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 6 (3 - 4), 406 - 427." type="journal article" year="1855">Gegenbaur 1855: 408</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="135E2A48057DFFE8FD64A808FD06FCBB" box="[671,741,810,834]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,186,1543]" captionTargetId="figure-23@17.[178,1409,181,1556]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. Schematic diagrams of Sri Lankan pelagic tunicates, showing the general morphology of their families (A–H): the lateral view of mature individuals of Fritillariidae (A) and Oikopleuridae (B); gonozooid (C) and degenerated oozooid / nurse (D) of Doliolidae; dorsal view of a solitary zooid (E) and aggregate zooid (F) of Salpidae; a blastozooid (G) and sagittal section of a colony (H) of Pyrosomatidae. Adapted from Claus (1883), Esnal (1981), Barnes et al. (1993) and Sri Lankan specimens. Note: The tails of appendicularian diagrams have been rotated through 90º for clarity." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5681915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5681915/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
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–5.
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<paragraph id="8BDA36CD057DFFE8FF6CA86BFCC4FC98" blockId="4.[151,1436,810,926]" box="[151,807,841,865]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7511E3057DFFE8FF6CA86BFCC4FC98" box="[151,807,841,865]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC410DC057DFFE8FF6CA86BFD2DFC98" author="Tokioka, T." box="[151,718,841,865]" page="355" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" year="1960">
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E057DFFE8FF6CA86BFD2DFC98" ID-CoL="48ZX4" authority=": Tokioka 1960: 355" authorityName="Tokioka" authorityPageNumber="355" authorityYear="1960" box="[151,718,841,865]" class="Appendicularia" family="Oikopleuridae" genus="Oikopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Copelata" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cophocerca" subGenus="Vexillaria">
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<emphasis id="B911EADF057DFFE8FF6CA86BFDE3FC98" box="[151,512,841,865]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">Oikopleura (Vexillaria) cophocerca</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B3C057DFFE8FDF6A86BFD2DFC98" author="Tokioka, T." box="[525,718,841,865]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" pagination="351 - 443" refId="ref24047" refString="Tokioka, T. (1960) Studies on the distribution of appendicularians and some thaliaceans of the North Pacific, with some morphological notes. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 8 (2), 351 - 443. https: // doi. org / 10.5134 / 174644" type="journal article" year="1960">Tokioka 1960: 355</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, Fig. 14.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDA36CD057DFFE8FF6CA84AFB04FC67" blockId="4.[151,1436,810,926]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7511E3057DFFE8FF6CA84AFB04FC67" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC410DC057DFFE8FF6CA84AFDBAFC86" author="Lohmann, H." box="[151,601,871,896]" page="66" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" year="1896">
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<taxonomicName id="4C654D4E057DFFE8FF6CA84AFDBAFC86" ID-CoL="48ZX4" authority=": Lohmann 1896: 66" authorityName=": Lohmann" authorityPageNumber="66" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,601,871,896]" class="Appendicularia" family="Oikopleuridae" genus="Oikopleura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Copelata" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cophocerca">
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<emphasis id="B911EADF057DFFE8FF6CA84AFE65FC79" box="[151,390,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">Oikopleura cophocerca</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B3C057DFFE8FE6EA84AFDBAFC86" author="Lohmann, H." box="[405,601,871,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" pagination="1 - 148" refId="ref22287" refString="Lohmann, H. (1896) Die Appendicularien der Plankton Expedition. Ergebnisse Plankton-Expedition Humboldt-Stiftung, 2, 1 - 148." type="journal article" year="1896">Lohmann 1896: 66</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, Pl. 11
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||
<figureCitation id="135E2A48057DFFE8FD5EA84AFD0FFC79" box="[677,748,872,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1786,1810]" captionTargetBox="[171,1418,286,1751]" captionTargetId="figure-77@7.[161,1427,273,1762]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Firstly reported pelagic tunicates to Sri Lanka in “Waya-jel-Survey” (A–F): a live colony of Pyrostremma spinosum near to the sea surface (A & B), and an illustration of its blastozooid (C); Thalia sibogae solitary zooid in preserved form (D), ventral view of medioventral projections (E), and an illustration of its posterior part (F). a—anus; ap—atrial palp; dmp— dorsal medioventral projection; e—endostyle; es—excurrent/buccal siphon; g—ganglion; is—incurrent/atrial siphon; lp—lateral projection; n—nucleus; o—ovary; pb—pharyngeal basket; pp—posterior projection; sl—stolon; sm—stomach; t—testis; vmp—ventral medioventral projection. Scales: E = 0.5 mm; C, D, F = 1 mm; A & B = 0.4 m. Images A & B by Franco Banfi from off Mirissa, Sri Lanka" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5681905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5681905/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="135E2A48057DFFE8FD03A84AFCE4FC79" box="[760,775,872,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,186,1543]" captionTargetId="figure-23@17.[178,1409,181,1556]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. Schematic diagrams of Sri Lankan pelagic tunicates, showing the general morphology of their families (A–H): the lateral view of mature individuals of Fritillariidae (A) and Oikopleuridae (B); gonozooid (C) and degenerated oozooid / nurse (D) of Doliolidae; dorsal view of a solitary zooid (E) and aggregate zooid (F) of Salpidae; a blastozooid (G) and sagittal section of a colony (H) of Pyrosomatidae. Adapted from Claus (1883), Esnal (1981), Barnes et al. (1993) and Sri Lankan specimens. Note: The tails of appendicularian diagrams have been rotated through 90º for clarity." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5681915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5681915/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">4</figureCitation>
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||
, Pl. 12
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||
<figureCitation id="135E2A48057DFFE8FCAFA84AFC4BFC79" box="[852,936,872,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1898,1922]" captionTargetBox="[200,1390,631,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-190@3.[187,1400,615,1875]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Sampling localities of pelagic tunicates within the three regions of Sri Lankan Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) denoted by BBR (Bay of Bengal Region), LSR (Laccadive Sea Region) and IOR (Indian Ocean Region). Source of the map: Maritime Boundaries Geodatabase, Flanders Marine Institute (https://www.marineregions.org/). Remarks of each sampling station (St.) indicated by open circles are in Table 1" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5681903" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5681903/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">Figs. 1b</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation id="135E2A48057DFFE8FC4FA84AFC21FC79" box="[948,962,872,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1786,1810]" captionTargetBox="[171,1418,286,1751]" captionTargetId="figure-77@7.[161,1427,273,1762]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 2. Firstly reported pelagic tunicates to Sri Lanka in “Waya-jel-Survey” (A–F): a live colony of Pyrostremma spinosum near to the sea surface (A & B), and an illustration of its blastozooid (C); Thalia sibogae solitary zooid in preserved form (D), ventral view of medioventral projections (E), and an illustration of its posterior part (F). a—anus; ap—atrial palp; dmp— dorsal medioventral projection; e—endostyle; es—excurrent/buccal siphon; g—ganglion; is—incurrent/atrial siphon; lp—lateral projection; n—nucleus; o—ovary; pb—pharyngeal basket; pp—posterior projection; sl—stolon; sm—stomach; t—testis; vmp—ventral medioventral projection. Scales: E = 0.5 mm; C, D, F = 1 mm; A & B = 0.4 m. Images A & B by Franco Banfi from off Mirissa, Sri Lanka" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5681905" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5681905/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">2</figureCitation>
|
||
,
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||
<figureCitation id="135E2A48057DFFE8FC35A84AFC3EFC79" box="[974,989,872,896]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1809,1833]" captionTargetBox="[315,1273,598,1782]" captionTargetId="figure-240@9.[314,1274,597,1785]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Re-reported salp, Pegea confoederata, to Sri Lanka in “Waya-jel-Survey” in preserved form (A–D): a colony of zooids (A); embryo (B); aggregate zooid (C); solitary zooid (D). E—endostyle; G—gill; N—nucleus; S—stolon. Scales: B = 5 mm; C & D = 8 mm; A = 20 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5681909" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5681909/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">3</figureCitation>
|
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.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410DC057DFFE8FC13A84AFB2DFC79" author="Smith, E. A. & Bell, F. J. & Kirkpatrick, R." box="[1000,1230,872,896]" page="104" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" year="1901">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B3C057DFFE8FC13A84AFB2DFC79" author="Smith, E. A. & Bell, F. J. & Kirkpatrick, R." box="[1000,1230,872,896]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" refId="ref23744" refString="Smith, E. A., Bell, F. J. & Kirkpatrick, R. (1901) A Guide to the Shell and Starfish Galleries (Mollusca, Polyzoa, Brachiopoda, Tunicata, Echinoderma, and Worms). Department of Zoology, British Museum (Natural History), London, 130 pp." type="book" year="1901">
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Smith
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EADF057DFFE8FBD0A84AFBBCFC79" box="[1067,1119,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">et al.</emphasis>
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1901: 104
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||
</bibRefCitation>
|
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</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, Fig. 24.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410DC057DFFE8FAD5A84AFEF6FC67" author="Buckmann, A." page="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" year="1969">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B3C057DFFE8FAD5A84AFEF6FC67" author="Buckmann, A." pageId="4" pageNumber="356" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref19768" refString="Buckmann, A. (1969) Appendicularia. Conseil International Pour L'Exploration de la Mer, 7, 1 - 9. https: // doi. org / 10.17895 / ices. pub. 4917" type="journal article" year="1969">Bückmann 1969: 3</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, Fig. 6a–c.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410DC057DFFE8FE77A8A5FDDBFC67" author="Fenaux, R." box="[396,568,902,926]" page="56" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" year="1993">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B3C057DFFE8FE77A8A5FDDBFC67" author="Fenaux, R." box="[396,568,902,926]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" refId="ref20270" refString="Fenaux, R. (1993) The classification of the Appendicularia (Tunicata): History and current state. Memoires de l'Institut Oceanographique 17. l'Institut Oceanographique, Monaco, 123 pp." type="book" year="1993">Fenaux 1993: 56</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 71, 80; 1998: 300, 302.
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC410DC057DFFE8FCC8A8A4FBB4FC67" author="Aravena, G. & Palma, S." box="[819,1111,902,926]" page="312" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" year="2002">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B3C057DFFE8FCC8A8A4FBB4FC67" author="Aravena, G. & Palma, S." box="[819,1111,902,926]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" pagination="307 - 325" refId="ref19322" refString="Aravena, G. & Palma, S. (2002) Taxonomic identification of appendicularians collected in the epipelagic waters off northern Chile (Tunicata, Appendicularia). Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 75 (2), 307 - 325. https: // doi. org / 10.4067 / S 0716 - 078 X 2002000200005" type="journal article" year="2002">Aravena & Palma 2002: 312</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 313,
|
||
<figureCitation id="135E2A48057DFFE8FB6FA8A4FB00FC67" box="[1172,1251,902,926]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[189,1399,186,1543]" captionTargetId="figure-23@17.[178,1409,181,1556]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 4. Schematic diagrams of Sri Lankan pelagic tunicates, showing the general morphology of their families (A–H): the lateral view of mature individuals of Fritillariidae (A) and Oikopleuridae (B); gonozooid (C) and degenerated oozooid / nurse (D) of Doliolidae; dorsal view of a solitary zooid (E) and aggregate zooid (F) of Salpidae; a blastozooid (G) and sagittal section of a colony (H) of Pyrosomatidae. Adapted from Claus (1883), Esnal (1981), Barnes et al. (1993) and Sri Lankan specimens. Note: The tails of appendicularian diagrams have been rotated through 90º for clarity." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5681915" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5681915/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37F6546057DFFE8FF6CA8EEFB75FC1E" box="[151,1174,972,999]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BDA36CD057DFFE8FF6CA8EEFB75FC1E" blockId="4.[151,1437,972,1251]" box="[151,1174,972,999]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">
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||
<emphasis id="B911EADF057DFFE8FF6CA8EEFE62FC1F" bold="true" box="[151,385,972,998]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B0D3C90057DFFE8FE7CA8EEFB70FC1E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3400752311" box="[391,1171,972,999]" collectingDate="2020-01" collectionCode="MDAFWU" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" specimenCode="MDAFWU 2020" specimenCount="1">
|
||
Twelve specimens (
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBC39EB6057DFFE8FD98A8EFFCC5FC1E" box="[611,806,973,999]" collectionCode="MDAFWU" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">MDAFWU 2020</specimenCode>
|
||
/411–422),
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EADF057DFFE8FC5FA8EFFC59FC1E" box="[932,954,973,999]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">St</emphasis>
|
||
.205,
|
||
<date id="FFDB100D057DFFE8FC02A8EFFB70FC1E" box="[1017,1171,973,999]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" value="2020-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF9FE9E5057DFFE8FC02A8EFFB70FC1E" box="[1017,1171,973,999]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" value="2020-01">January 2020</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37F6546057DFFE8FF3CA8D2FAF2FB1A" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD057DFFE8FF3CA8D2FAACFB62" blockId="4.[151,1437,972,1251]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EADF057DFFE8FF3CA8D2FEBAFBF3" bold="true" box="[199,345,1008,1034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Trunk
|
||
<quantity id="4C9D9B28057DFFE8FE51A8D2FDF8FBF2" box="[426,539,1008,1035]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, moderately elongate. Mouth with a developed lower lip; oral glands large, rounded to rectangular. Left stomach lobe elongated, with a pocket-shaped caecum towards its posterior end. The rectum is horizontally oriented, and the anus is near the oral wall of the stomach. The endostyle is small and almost at an equal distance between the mouth and the anus. Gonads adjoining the gut hemispherically and protruding dorsally. Tail musculature broad, and five to eight oval subchordal cells in a line, disposed of in two groups.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDA36CD057DFFE8FF3CAF86FAF2FB1A" blockId="4.[151,1437,972,1251]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EADF057DFFE8FF3CAF86FE55FB47" bold="true" box="[199,438,1188,1214]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">Global distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B3C057DFFE8FF5AAFEBFE92FB1A" author="Fenaux, R. & Bone, Q. & Deibel, D." box="[161,369,1224,1251]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" pagination="251 - 264" refId="ref20347" refString="Fenaux, R., Bone, Q. & Deibel, D. (1998) Appendicularian distribution and zoogeography, In: Bone, Q. (Ed.), The biology of pelagic tunicates. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 251 - 264." type="book chapter" year="1998">
|
||
Fenaux
|
||
<emphasis id="B911EADF057DFFE8FF01AFEBFEC8FB1B" box="[250,299,1224,1250]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); Australian waters (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF44B3C057DFFE8FDA0AFEAFCF4FB1A" author="Thompson, H." box="[603,791,1224,1251]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356" refId="ref23912" refString="Thompson, H. (1948) Pelagic Tunicates of Australia. Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Melbourne, 196 pp." type="book" year="1948">Thompson 1948</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DE886F057DFFE8FCD1AFEBFC81FB1A" box="[810,866,1225,1251]" pageId="4" pageNumber="356">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality: Messina, Mediterranean Sea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |