232 lines
18 KiB
XML
232 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.712.13066" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ada2f371-3d81-474d-a71f-1e31d7ab4bc3" ID-PMC="PMC5674202" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-712-1" ID-PubMed="29134034" ID-ZBK="4B57033815494C6E9009F75ED683D946" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-712-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 712" ModsDocTitle="At home at least: the taxonomic position of some north African Xerocrassa species (Pulmonata, Geomitridae)" checkinTime="1509030619456" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Ezzine, Issaad Kawther, Pfarrer, Beat, Dimassi, Najet, Said, Khaled & Neubert, Eike" docDate="2017" docId="0B9EE411174C4550CA5516E7BBCD30DA" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 712: 1-27" docOrigin="ZooKeys 712" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.712.13066" docTitle="Xerocrassa (Xerocrassa) latastei Letourneux in Letourneux & Bourguignat 1887" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="5426FF9D956DA822FF84FFB4FFBBFFA0" masterDocTitle="At home at least: the taxonomic position of some north African Xerocrassa species (Pulmonata, Geomitridae)" masterLastPageNumber="27" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1668165028763" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>At home at least: the taxonomic position of some north African Xerocrassa species (Pulmonata, Geomitridae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ezzine, Issaad Kawther</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pfarrer, Beat</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dimassi, Najet</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Said, Khaled</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Neubert, Eike</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>712</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>27</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.712.13066</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.712.13066</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-712-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">4B57033815494C6E9009F75ED683D946</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">4B57033815494C6E9009F75ED683D946</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="135476461" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0B9EE411174C4550CA5516E7BBCD30DA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0B9EE411174C4550CA5516E7BBCD30DA" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<taxonomicName authority="Letourneux in Letourneux & Bourguignat, 1887" authorityName="Letourneux in Letourneux & Bourguignat" authorityYear="1887" class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Xerocrassa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xerocrassa (Xerocrassa) latastei" order="Pulmonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="latastei" subGenus="Xerocrassa">Xerocrassa (Xerocrassa) latastei (Letourneux in Letourneux & Bourguignat, 1887)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 1, 2, 3
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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1887
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix latastei" order="Pulmonata" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="latastei">Helix latastei</taxonomicName>
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Letourneux in Letourneux & Bourguignat, Prodrome de la malacologie terrestre et fluviatile de la Tunisie: 63 [Ketenna et dans le vallon de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="l’Oued">l'Oued</normalizedToken>
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El-Ftour, ainsi
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<normalizedToken originalValue="qu’à">qu'a</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="l’oasis">l'oasis</normalizedToken>
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du Hammam de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Gabès">Gabes</normalizedToken>
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. Plaine entre
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ras-el-Aïn">Ras-el-Ain</normalizedToken>
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et Sidi-Salem-Bouguerara. Bir-el-Ahmar. Bords de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="l’Oued">l'Oued</normalizedToken>
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Medzesar et de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="l’Oued">l'Oued</normalizedToken>
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Taferma entre
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aïn-Magroun">Ain-Magroun</normalizedToken>
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et Fratis. Ras-ed-Djerf,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="vis-à-vis">vis-a-vis</normalizedToken>
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de Djerba; Zarzis, etc. (Let.). - En
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Algérie">Algerie</normalizedToken>
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: Ouled
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Naïl">Nail</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="près">pres</normalizedToken>
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de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Biskraoù">Biskraou</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Aïn-Gussera">Ain-Gussera</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
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Bou-Ghezoul sur les hauts plateaux, entre Boghar et Laghouat et entre cette ville et Djelfa].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="type specimens">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Type specimens.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<bibRefCitation pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Brandt (1959</bibRefCitation>
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: 113) considered four taxa of hygromiid species described by Letourneux and Bourguignat, 1887 to constitute the species
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<taxonomicName lsidName="H. latastei" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species" species="latastei">H. latastei</taxonomicName>
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. Our investigation of the type specimens of these taxa revealed that the species
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix fratisiana" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fratisiana">Helix fratisiana</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix tafermica" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="tafermica">Helix tafermica</taxonomicName>
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, which had been listed by him in the synonymy of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="H. latastei" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="species" species="latastei">H. latastei</taxonomicName>
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, belong to species of the
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<taxonomicName family="Hygromiidae" lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" rank="family">Hygromiidae</taxonomicName>
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living in Tunisia. In order to stabilize nomenclature, we herewith select MHNG-MOLL 115121 as lectotype for
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix latastei" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="latastei">Helix latastei</taxonomicName>
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[hic!]. Thus,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="3" start="start">the</pageBreakToken>
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type locality of this species is herewith restricted to Ketenna [= Kettana]: mouth of Oued El Ferd, Gouv.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Gabés">Gabes</normalizedToken>
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, at 33.7575 10.2047; paralectotypes MHNG-MOLL 115121b/4, MHNG-MOLL 115128/2.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Bou Hedma, 29.3.1997, leg. J. Gugel,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="34.4958">34.4958°N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="9.488">9.488°E</geoCoordinate>
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, NMBE 516753/1; Boughrara, Medenine, 6.12.2015, leg. Ezzine, NMBE 541952/3, ditto, NMBE 547176/3; ditto, NMBE 541955/7 (preserved); Jorf (El Djorf), Mednine, 6.12.2015, leg. Ezzine, NMBE 541956/1 (preserved), NMBE 549907/1 (anat.); "plaine entre
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ras-el-Aïn">Ras-el-Ain</normalizedToken>
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et Sidi-Salem-Bouguerara", MHNG-MOLL 115118/3, MHNG-MOLL 115126/6, MHNG-MOLL 115127/6, MHNG-MOLL 115129/4; Bir-el-Ahmar MHNG-MOLL 115119/1; Zarzis MHNG-MOLL 115120/2; "Oued el Ftour
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<normalizedToken originalValue="près">pres</normalizedToken>
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de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Gabès”">Gabes"</normalizedToken>
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MHNG-MOLL 115124/6; "Ras-ed-Djerf,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="vis-à-vis">vis-a-vis</normalizedToken>
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de Djerba" MHNG-MOLL 115125/1. - Specimens recorded from literature: ruins of Gighti close Djorf (Djerba) (
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<bibRefCitation pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Jaeckel 1963</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Shell small to medium sized, thick, basic colour white; protoconch brownish to blackish; three first whorls with granulations; whorls ribbed; suture moderately deep; umbilicus very small, conical.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Shell small to medium sized, depressed globular, thick, basic colour creamy white; protoconch very small, brownish to blackish, smooth, consisting of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="1½">11/2</normalizedToken>
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whorls; teleoconch consisting of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="5½">51/2</normalizedToken>
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slightly flattened whorls, sculptured by moderately sized axial ribs; three first whorls brown with whitish granules; lower teleoconch whorls with up to 5 brown spherical bands; suture moderately deep; underside often white; aperture sub-spherical, slightly descending; columellar peristome thick; umbilicus moderately small, conical.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="genital anatomy">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Genital anatomy.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">The description of the genital organs is taken from an adult and mature specimen collected in El Djorf. Figure 1B shows the lumen of the atrium with its internal structures.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Figure 1. Anatomy of genital organs of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Xerocrassa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xerocrassa latastei" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="latastei">Xerocrassa latastei</taxonomicName>
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; Jorf, 6.12.2015, leg. Ezzine, NMBE 549907/1; A situs B atrium. Abbreviations: a = atrium; al = atrial lumen; ds = dart sac(s); ep = epiphallus; fl = flagellum; gm = glandulae mucosae; itc = internal tissue cone; mrp = penial retractor muscle; p = penis; ped = pedunculus; po = pore of penial papilla; pp = penial papilla; sod = spermoviduct; sti = stimulator (?); vd = vas deferens.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Male part. Penis club-shaped, thick; epiphallus longer than penis; penial retractor muscle inserting at the boundary between penis and epiphallus, with a strong fascia enveloping the genitals; flagellum short; penial papilla subdivided in a simple basal shaft and a subsequent part characterised by deep perpendicular grooves, terminal part of the penial papilla strongly kinked, with central pore at its tip.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Genital atrium. Considerably thickened, lumen filled by two structures: 1) a strong crest of fleshy tissue (here called stimulator), auricle-shaped, the interior side (i.e. opposite to the penial papilla) with zigzag-shaped longitudinal pilasters becoming smooth when entering the interior wall of the atrium, and 2) a longitudinal spoon- or tongue-shaped tissue plate (here called internal tissue cone), with the outer rims bent upwards forming a hollow structure.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Female part. Two very small, almost spherical dart sacs in opposite position; glandulae mucosae simple, tubes randomly attached on the vaginal wall between dart sacs and pedunculus; vagina moderately long, pedunculus formed by a quite strong tube.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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Measurements. Lectotype
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Eulalia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eulalia latastei" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="latastei">latastei</taxonomicName>
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: D: 15.9 mm; H: 12.39 mm; PD: 8.58 mm; PH: 6.72; W: 6.25.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="4" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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(Fig. 2). This species is currently known from the coastal and neighbouring inland areas of central and southern Tunisia. It occurs almost in sympatry with
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<taxonomicName lsidName="H. latasteopsis" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species" species="latasteopsis">H. latasteopsis</taxonomicName>
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in some areas of the province Medenine and Sidi Bouzid.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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The Senckenberg Museum houses a considerable number of dry shells under the name
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<taxonomicName lsidName="H. latatstei" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species" species="latatstei">H. latatstei</taxonomicName>
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from Libya, based on the collections of
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<bibRefCitation pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Brandt (1959</bibRefCitation>
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: 112 ff.). They were examined by Neubert during the last years, and they in fact are very similar to
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<taxonomicName lsidName="X. latastei" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species" species="latastei">X. latastei</taxonomicName>
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from Tunisia. However, all these shells were collected in the Cyrenaica and its hinterland with the westernmost locality being Marsa Brega (ca. 200 km SSW of Bengasi). So far we have not seen any shells from the Sirte nor the Tripolitanian area towards Tunisia, which embraces almost half of the coastal stripe of Libya. The gap to the Tunisian populations is more than 800 km as the crow flies. This area was visited several times by Kaltenbach (Kaltenbach 1950a; 1950b), but there are no records for
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<taxonomicName lsidName="X. latastei" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species" species="latastei">X. latastei</taxonomicName>
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from this area in his rich collection, which is also housed in SMF. As long as no preserved specimens from the Cyrenaica are available, we consider these populations as not conspecific.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Figure 2. Distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Xerocrassa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xerocrassa latastei" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="latastei">Xerocrassa latastei</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Xerocrassa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xerocrassa latasteopsis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="latasteopsis">Xerocrassa latasteopsis</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Xerocrassa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xerocrassa lacertara" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="lacertara">Xerocrassa lacertara</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Remark.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Specimens of this species are characterized by a globose shell with a quite small umbilicus if compared to the large
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Cernuella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cernuella" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Cernuella</taxonomicName>
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species, which live sympatrically in southern Tunisia.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">The internal structures in the genital atrium are poorly understood. However, when dissecting the atrium, the internal tissue cone is always found to almost completely envelop the penial papilla; the situation shown in Fig. 1B is the result of pulling the penial papilla out of the internal tissue cone. Spreading the opened atrium then leads to a position of this organ on the right side.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Figure 3. Anatomy of genital organs of
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Geomitridae" genus="Xerocrassa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xerocrassa latasteopsis" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="latasteopsis">Xerocrassa latasteopsis</taxonomicName>
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; A
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<taxonomicName lsidName="X. latasteopsis" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species" species="latasteopsis">X. latasteopsis</taxonomicName>
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, NMBE 551301, Henchir el Zitouna: situs, penial lumen and atrial lumen B
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<taxonomicName lsidName="X. latasteopsis" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species" species="latasteopsis">X. latasteopsis</taxonomicName>
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NMBE 549906, Sidi Aich 2, situs, penial lumen; and atrial lumen.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |