490 lines
54 KiB
XML
490 lines
54 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="6FAA6762C77563EF1185B123370C2535">Alien bryozoans in the eastern Mediterranean Sea — new records from the coast of Lebanon</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EC65EE978EE90266A9AFD12F3CD3A4CA">Harmelin, Jean-Georges</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="13A243CAEC6F737A34639CA4C6C66061">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="89F40A9A3D3EC2C695783530A17D0389">
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<mods:date id="4265CBF4062F5A827273234E34994396">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="20F6B082A6210EF797D32A88A6841D41">2014-12-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4BF337FC13357914D6328DC724FE8285">3893</mods:number>
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<treatment id="95255B41F248FFE4EEE5E707E1293BEC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3515514" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119597148" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3515514" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:95255B41F248FFE4EEE5E707E1293BEC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/95255B41F248FFE4EEE5E707E1293BEC" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="315" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
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<subSubSection id="5596B9DCF248FFE7EEE5E707E2AF3F69" box="[151,677,612,638]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1D33EA57F248FFE7EEE5E707E2AF3F69" blockId="13.[151,677,612,671]" box="[151,677,612,638]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
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<heading id="467B5D3BF248FFE7EEE5E707E2AF3F69" bold="true" box="[151,677,612,638]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F248FFE7EEE5E707E2AF3F69" ID-CoL="5BV6H" authority="d'Orbigny, 1852" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1852" box="[151,677,612,638]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
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<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EEE5E707E2AF3F69" bold="true" box="[151,677,612,638]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
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<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EEE5E707E1CB3F69" bold="true" box="[151,449,612,638]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Watersipora subtorquata</emphasis>
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(d'Orbigny, 1852)
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||
</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5596B9DCF248FFE7EEE5E7E5E1883F88" box="[151,386,646,671]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" type="description">
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<paragraph id="1D33EA57F248FFE7EEE5E7E5E1883F88" blockId="13.[151,677,612,671]" box="[151,386,646,671]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
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(
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<figureCitation id="85B7F6D2F248FFE7EEEDE7E5E0EB3F88" box="[159,225,646,671]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1244,1266]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,735,1221]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,735,1221]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 5. Watersipora subtorquata (d'Orbigny, 1852), Lebanon; A, C from Stn 2 A; B from Stn 8 A: A, four autozooids at edge of colony; B, orifice; C, distal part of autozooid (angled view) showing a low orificial collar and communication pores. Scale bars: A, 400 µm; B, C, 100 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250302/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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A–C;
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<tableCitation id="500EDFECF248FFE7EF57E7E5E1733F88" box="[293,377,646,671]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,239,1613,1636]" captionTargetBox="[159,1343,1664,1892]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="TABLE 6. Watersipora subtorquata, morphometrics of five colonies from Stns 5 A, 7 A, 12 C and 13 B." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/49F3BADFF248FFE7EEE5E32EE4D33B73" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" tableUuid="49F3BADFF248FFE7EEE5E32EE4D33B73">Table 6</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="5596B9DCF248FFE7EEE5E7ADE1283E8B" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="1D33EA57F248FFE7EEE5E7ADE26E3FF3" blockId="13.[151,1436,718,924]" box="[151,612,718,740]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
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<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F248FFE7EEE5E7ADE2553FF3" authority="d'Orbigny, 1852: 399" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityPageNumber="399" authorityYear="1852" box="[151,607,718,740]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Celleporidae" genus="Cellepora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
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<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EEE5E7ADE1763FF3" box="[151,380,718,740]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Cellepora subtorquata</emphasis>
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d’Orbigny, 1852: 399
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="1D33EA57F248FFE7EEE5E78DE3883E48" blockId="13.[151,1436,718,924]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="3D9CCD79F248FFE7EEE5E78DE3883E48" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
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<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F248FFE7EEE5E78DE26E3E14" ID-CoL="5BV6H" authority="d'Hondt 1988: 199" authorityName="d'Hondt" authorityPageNumber="199" authorityYear="1988" box="[151,612,749,771]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
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<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EEE5E78DE1993E14" box="[151,403,749,771]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Watersipora subtorquata</emphasis>
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: d’Hondt 1988: 199
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</taxonomicName>
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, figs 6.1–2;
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<treatmentCitation id="9C2DCC46F248FFE7EC90E78EE40B3E14" author="Taylor" box="[738,1025,749,771]" page="536" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" year="2002">
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<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F248FFE7EC90E78EE3C53E14" author="Taylor" box="[738,975,749,771]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" refString="Taylor, P. D. & Gordon, D. P. (2002) Alcide d'Orbigny's work on Recent and fossil bryozoans. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 1, 533 - 547. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / s 1631 - 0683 (02) 00067 - 2" type="journal article" year="2002">Taylor & Gordon 2002</bibRefCitation>
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: 536
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 1;
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<treatmentCitation id="9C2DCC46F248FFE7EA3CE78EE5923E14" author="Chimenz" box="[1102,1432,749,771]" page="101" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" year="2004">
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<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F248FFE7EA3CE78EE56F3E14" author="Chimenz" box="[1102,1381,749,771]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" refString="Chimenz Gusso, C., Boccia, P. & Giovannini, N. (2004) Importance of faunistic and taxonomical studies for a correct analysis of the zoogeography of Mediterranean Bryozoa. Biogeographia, 25, 93 - 108." type="journal article" year="2004">
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Chimenz Gusso
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<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EA84E78DE5293E14" box="[1270,1315,749,771]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">et al</emphasis>
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. 2004
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 101
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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, figs 9–13; Abdel
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<treatmentCitation id="9C2DCC46F248FFE7EFF4E66FE2A73E35" author="Salam" box="[390,685,780,802]" page="9" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" year="2008">
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<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F248FFE7EFF4E66FE2853E35" author="Salam" box="[390,655,780,802]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" refString="Abdel-Salam, K. M. & Ramadan, S. E. (2008) Fouling Bryozoa from some Alexandria harbours, Egypt. (II) Encrusting species. Mediterranean Marine Science, 9, 5 - 20. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.12681 / mms. 129" type="journal article" year="2008">Salam & Ramadan 2008</bibRefCitation>
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: 9
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, fig. 3;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="9C2DCC46F248FFE7ED7BE66FE40B3E35" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4929641" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4929641" author="Vieira" box="[777,1025,780,802]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6E0B87BA463B4C3614B5EB7AFAE3FD53" page="155" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" year="2014">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F248FFE7ED7BE66FE3C03E35" author="Vieira" box="[777,970,780,802]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" refString="Vieira, L. M., Spencer Jones, M. E. & Taylor, P. D. (2014) The identity of the invasive fouling bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata (d'Orbigny) and some other congeneric species. Zootaxa, 3857 (2), 151 - 182. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3857.2.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Vieira
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7ED20E66EE3893E35" box="[850,899,780,802]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 155
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, figs 1–5, 12–16, 18–24, 67, 70. Non
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F248FFE7EEB5E648E2743E57" ID-CoL="5BV6H" authority="Gordon 1989: 40" authorityName="Gordon" authorityPageNumber="40" authorityYear="1989" box="[199,638,810,832]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EEB5E648E1C93E57" box="[199,451,810,832]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Watersipora subtorquata</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
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<treatmentCitation id="9C2DCC46F248FFE7EFBDE649E2743E57" author="Gordon" box="[463,638,810,832]" page="40" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" year="1989">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F248FFE7EFBDE649E2533E57" author="Gordon" box="[463,601,810,832]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" refString="Gordon, D. P. (1989) The marine fauna of New Zealand: Bryozoa: Gymnolaemata (Cheilostomida Ascophorina) from the Western South Island continental shelf and slope. New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoirs, 97, 1 - 158." type="journal article" year="1989">Gordon 1989</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 40
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
, pl. 20B–H;
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<treatmentCitation id="9C2DCC46F248FFE7EC8CE649E4273E57" author="Gordon" box="[766,1069,810,832]" page="31" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" year="1992">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F248FFE7EC8CE649E4023E57" author="Gordon" box="[766,1032,810,832]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" refString="Gordon, D. P. & Mawatari, S. F. (1992) Atlas of marine-fouling Bryozoa of New Zealand ports and harbours. Miscellaneous Publications. New Zealand Oceanographic Institute, 107, 1 - 52." type="journal article" year="1992">Gordon & Mawatari 1992</bibRefCitation>
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: 31
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</treatmentCitation>
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, fig. 8E;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="9C2DCC46F248FFE7EAFBE649E5613E57" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3506970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3506970" author="Ryland" box="[1161,1387,810,832]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E6A433576AFFA76E9D115FFD9BFE25" page="55" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" year="2009">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F248FFE7EAFBE649E54D3E57" author="Ryland" box="[1161,1351,810,832]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" refString="Ryland, J. S., De Blauwe, H., Lord, R. & Mackie, J. A. (2009) Recent discoveries of alien Watersipora (Bryozoa) in Western Europe. Zootaxa, 2093, 43 - 59." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Ryland
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EAAAE648E50E3E57" box="[1240,1284,810,832]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 55
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs 1, 3, 4A, B, E, F, 5. (More complete synonymy in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F248FFE7ECB1E62AE37D3E48" author="Vieira" box="[707,887,841,863]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" refString="Vieira, L. M., Spencer Jones, M. E. & Taylor, P. D. (2014) The identity of the invasive fouling bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata (d'Orbigny) and some other congeneric species. Zootaxa, 3857 (2), 151 - 182. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3857.2.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Vieira
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7ED75E629E3393E48" box="[775,819,841,863]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F248FFE7EEE5E60AE1283E8B" blockId="13.[151,1436,718,924]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="3D9CCD79F248FFE7EEE5E60AE1283E8B" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F248FFE7EEE5E60AE2823E69" ID-CoL="5BV6G" authority="Ryland et al. 2009: 54" authorityName="Ryland et al." authorityPageNumber="54" authorityYear="2009" box="[151,648,872,894]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subovoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EEE5E60AE1843E69" box="[151,398,872,894]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Watersipora subovoidea</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="9C2DCC46F248FFE7EFECE60BE2823E69" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3507454" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3507454" author="Ryland" box="[414,648,872,894]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E6A433576DFFA66E9D1364FE62FE9A" page="54" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" year="2009">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F248FFE7EFECE60BE26B3E69" author="Ryland" box="[414,609,872,894]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" refString="Ryland, J. S., De Blauwe, H., Lord, R. & Mackie, J. A. (2009) Recent discoveries of alien Watersipora (Bryozoa) in Western Europe. Zootaxa, 2093, 43 - 59." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Ryland
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EF9CE60AE2163E69" box="[494,540,872,894]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 54
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, figs 4C, D, G, H. Non
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F248FFE7EDF3E60BE5423E69" authority="d'Orbigny, 1852: 402" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityPageNumber="402" authorityYear="1852" box="[897,1352,872,894]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Celleporidae" genus="Cellepora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subovoidea">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EDF3E60BE4683E69" box="[897,1122,872,894]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Cellepora subovoidea</emphasis>
|
||
d’Orbigny, 1852: 402
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EB2AE60AE1193E8B" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">nomen dubium</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5596B9DCF248FFE7EEE5E6AAE12139C9" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F248FFE7EEE5E6AAE12139C9" blockId="13.[151,1437,969,1570]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EEE5E6AAE1893EF5" bold="true" box="[151,387,969,994]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EFFEE6A9E2A63EF5" box="[396,684,969,994]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
|
||
Specimens from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F248FFE7EC38E6AAE2A63EF5" box="[586,684,969,994]" name="Lebanon" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
: 1) Stn 2A, 3 colonies on rock fragment and pottery; 2) Stn 5A, small colonies on concretions from cavities; 3) Stn 6A, 1 colony on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F248FFE7EDFFE68DE41D3912" box="[909,1047,1006,1029]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Dictyopteris" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EDFFE68DE41D3912" box="[909,1047,1006,1029]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Dictyopteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 4) Stn 6C, 2 colonies on coralline alga; 5) Stn 7A, 5 colonies on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F248FFE7EF98E172E245393D" box="[490,591,1041,1066]" class="Bivalvia" family="Pteriidae" genus="Pinctada" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pterioida" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EF98E172E245393D" box="[490,591,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Pinctada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shell; 6) Stn 8A, 2 colonies; 7) Stn 11A, 1 small colony on rocky fragment; 8) Stn 12C, several colonies on rocks; 9) Stn 13B, several colonies on shells, concretions and pebbles; 10) Stn 14A, 2 colonies on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F248FFE7EF4EE13AE1A53965" box="[316,431,1113,1138]" class="Bivalvia" family="Spondylidae" genus="Spondylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pectinoida" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EF4EE13AE1A53965" box="[316,431,1113,1138]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Spondylus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shell; 11) Stn 15A, several colonies on various substrata.
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EA26E13AE5793965" box="[1108,1395,1113,1138]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Other material examined</emphasis>
|
||
: 1)
|
||
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F248FFE7EEE5E11DE0EC3982" box="[151,230,1150,1173]" name="France" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Marseille, commercial harbour, Pinede,
|
||
<date id="6932CC97F248FFE7ECC5E11DE37E3981" box="[695,884,1149,1174]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" value="1971-02-03">3 February 1971</date>
|
||
, on mussels; same station,
|
||
<date id="6932CC97F248FFE7EADBE11DE5883981" box="[1193,1410,1149,1174]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" value="1982-12-11">
|
||
11 December
|
||
<quantity id="DA7447B2F248FFE7EB35E11DE5883981" box="[1351,1410,1150,1174]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9826" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" unit="m" value="1982.6">1982</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 6 m, on barnacles; 2)
|
||
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F248FFE7EF04E1C2E1B339AD" box="[374,441,1185,1210]" name="Spain" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Tarifa, port,
|
||
<date id="6932CC97F248FFE7EC23E1C1E2DD39AD" box="[593,727,1185,1210]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" value="1982-07-03">
|
||
3 July
|
||
<quantity id="DA7447B2F248FFE7ECEEE1C1E2DD39AD" box="[668,727,1186,1210]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9825" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" unit="m" value="1982.5">1982</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 5 m, on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F248FFE7ED32E1C2E3B239AD" box="[832,952,1185,1210]" class="Anthozoa" family="Caryophylliidae" genus="Cladocora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7ED32E1C2E3B239AD" box="[832,952,1185,1210]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Cladocora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; 3)
|
||
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F248FFE7ED97E1C2E41339AD" box="[997,1049,1185,1210]" name="Italy" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Savona, port,
|
||
<date id="6932CC97F248FFE7EAB0E1C2E57239AD" box="[1218,1400,1185,1210]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" value="1972-10-05">
|
||
October
|
||
<quantity id="DA7447B2F248FFE7EB51E1C1E57239AD" box="[1315,1400,1185,1210]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9725" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" unit="m" value="1972.5">1972, 5</quantity>
|
||
</date>
|
||
m, on barnacles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5596B9DCF248FFE7EEB5E18AE2433B35" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F248FFE7EEB5E18AE2433B35" blockId="13.[151,1437,969,1570]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EEB5E18AE1533815" bold="true" box="[199,345,1257,1282]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Colonies small in the collected material, encrusting, unilamellar, moderately pigmented (not observed alive), except for opercula (see below). Zooids subrectangular to hexagonal, relatively short (average L/ W ratio = 1.6) but ranging widely in size (coefficient of variation SD*100/X: 14.1% for Az L, 16.1% for Az W). Frontal shield perforated by numerous, evenly distributed, large pseudopores. Orifice distal, large, wider than long (
|
||
<tableCitation id="500EDFECF248FFE7EEECE01AE0F33885" box="[158,249,1401,1426]" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,239,1613,1636]" captionTargetBox="[159,1343,1664,1892]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="TABLE 6. Watersipora subtorquata, morphometrics of five colonies from Stns 5 A, 7 A, 12 C and 13 B." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/49F3BADFF248FFE7EEE5E32EE4D33B73" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" tableUuid="49F3BADFF248FFE7EEE5E32EE4D33B73">Table 6</tableCitation>
|
||
), with rounded anter developed on about three-quarters of a circle, poster indented by a broad sinus, rounded or sometimes slightly ogival; condyles narrow in frontal view, corresponding to slight bulging of internal arch of anter, superposed to upper side of ‘shoulders’ of sinus, with tip angular or more rounded. Operculum with dark-brown to black thickening in shape of a broad column with slightly arched sides defining a pair of round to oval fenestrae. Tentacles not observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="49F3BADFF248FFE7EEE5E32EE4D33B73" ID-Table-UUID="49F3BADFF248FFE7EEE5E32EE4D33B73" box="[151,1241,1613,1636]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/49F3BADFF248FFE7EEE5E32EE4D33B73" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" targetBox="[159,1343,1664,1892]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="13">
|
||
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F248FFE7EEE5E32EE4D33B73" blockId="13.[151,1241,1613,1636]" box="[151,1241,1613,1636]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EEE5E32EE1003B73" bold="true" box="[151,266,1613,1636]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">TABLE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F248FFE7EF62E32EE2103B73" box="[272,538,1613,1636]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EF62E32EE2103B73" box="[272,538,1613,1636]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Watersipora subtorquata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, morphometrics of five colonies from Stns 5A, 7A, 12C and 13B.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F248FFE7EEEDE3E2E5353A73" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
|
||
<table id="6F8C18F7F2480015EEEDE3E3E5353A73" box="[159,1343,1664,1892]" gridcols="5" gridrows="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
|
||
<tr id="A3BCE815F2480015EEEDE3E3E5353B81" box="[159,1343,1664,1686]" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
|
||
<th id="E06D8169F2480015EEEDE3E3E13D3B81" box="[159,311,1664,1686]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F248FFE7EEEDE3E2E13D3B81" box="[159,311,1664,1686]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EEEDE3E2E13D3B81" box="[159,311,1664,1686]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">W. subtorquata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="E06D8169F2480015EC0BE3E3E2AF3B81" box="[633,677,1664,1686]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">X</th>
|
||
<th id="E06D8169F2480015ED59E3E3E35D3B81" box="[811,855,1664,1686]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">SD</th>
|
||
<th id="E06D8169F2480015EDAEE3E3E44B3B81" box="[988,1089,1664,1686]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Range</th>
|
||
<th id="E06D8169F2480015EB57E3E3E5353B81" box="[1317,1343,1664,1686]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">N</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="A3BCE815F2480015EEEDE3CAE5353BA8" box="[159,1343,1705,1727]" gridrow="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
|
||
<th id="E06D8169F2480015EEEDE3CAE13D3BA8" box="[159,311,1705,1727]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Az L</th>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015EC0BE3CAE2AF3BA8" box="[633,677,1705,1727]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">825</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015ED59E3CAE35D3BA8" box="[811,855,1705,1727]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">116</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015EDAEE3CAE44B3BA8" box="[988,1089,1705,1727]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">600–1165</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015EB57E3CAE5353BA8" box="[1317,1343,1705,1727]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">50</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="A3BCE815F2480015EEEDE3B1E5353BFF" box="[159,1343,1746,1768]" gridrow="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
|
||
<th id="E06D8169F2480015EEEDE3B1E13D3BFF" box="[159,311,1746,1768]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Az W</th>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015EC0BE3B1E2AF3BFF" box="[633,677,1746,1768]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">520</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015ED59E3B1E35D3BFF" box="[811,855,1746,1768]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">84</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015EDAEE3B1E44B3BFF" box="[988,1089,1746,1768]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">350–680</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015EB57E3B1E5353BFF" box="[1317,1343,1746,1768]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">50</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="A3BCE815F2480015EEEDE39FE5353A05" box="[159,1343,1788,1810]" gridrow="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
|
||
<th id="E06D8169F2480015EEEDE39FE13D3A05" box="[159,311,1788,1810]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Or L</th>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015EC0BE39FE2AF3A05" box="[633,677,1788,1810]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">193</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015ED59E39FE35D3A05" box="[811,855,1788,1810]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">12</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015EDAEE39FE44B3A05" box="[988,1089,1788,1810]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">170–220</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015EB57E39FE5353A05" box="[1317,1343,1788,1810]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">50</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="A3BCE815F2480015EEEDE246E5353A2C" box="[159,1343,1829,1851]" gridrow="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
|
||
<th id="E06D8169F2480015EEEDE246E13D3A2C" box="[159,311,1829,1851]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Or W</th>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015EC0BE246E2AF3A2C" box="[633,677,1829,1851]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">219</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015ED59E246E35D3A2C" box="[811,855,1829,1851]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">130</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015EDAEE246E44B3A2C" box="[988,1089,1829,1851]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">180–240</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015EB57E246E5353A2C" box="[1317,1343,1829,1851]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">50</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="A3BCE815F2480015EEEDE22DE5353A73" box="[159,1343,1870,1892]" gridrow="5" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
|
||
<th id="E06D8169F2480015EEEDE22DE13D3A73" box="[159,311,1870,1892]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Or W/L</th>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015EC0BE22DE2AF3A73" box="[633,677,1870,1892]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">1.14</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015ED59E22DE35D3A73" box="[811,855,1870,1892]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">0.07</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015EDAEE22DE44B3A73" box="[988,1089,1870,1892]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">1.00–1.28</td>
|
||
<td id="E06D8169F2480015EB57E22DE5353A73" box="[1317,1343,1870,1892]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">50</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5596B9DCF248FFE4EEB5E2C6E1293BEC" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="315" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F248FFE4EEB5E2C6E1B03FBC" blockId="13.[151,1436,1957,2018]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,151,683]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="315" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EEB5E2C6E1313AA9" bold="true" box="[199,315,1957,1982]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
According to the recent revision by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F248FFE7ECACE2C6E3B33AA9" box="[734,953,1957,1982]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" refString="Vieira, L. M., Spencer Jones, M. E. & Taylor, P. D. (2014) The identity of the invasive fouling bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata (d'Orbigny) and some other congeneric species. Zootaxa, 3857 (2), 151 - 182. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3857.2.1" type="journal article">
|
||
Vieira
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7ED58E2C5E3513AA9" box="[810,859,1957,1982]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2014)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, at least four
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F248FFE7EA27E2C5E4D43AAA" box="[1109,1246,1958,1981]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EA27E2C5E4D43AAA" box="[1109,1246,1958,1981]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Watersipora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species occur in the Mediterranean Sea. Three of them are relatively common:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F248FFE7EDF8E2A9E57A3AF5" authority="Norman, 1864" authorityName="Norman" authorityYear="1864" box="[906,1392,1993,2018]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="complanata">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F248FFE7EDF8E2A9E4AF3AF5" box="[906,1189,1993,2018]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="314">Watersipora complanata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F248FFE7EAC8E2A9E5623AF5" author="Norman" box="[1210,1384,1993,2018]" pageId="13" pageNumber="314" refString="Norman, A. M. (1864) On undescribed British Hydrozoa, Actinozoa and Polyzoa. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 3, 13, 82 - 90, pls. 9 - 11." type="journal article" year="1864">Norman, 1864</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, an Atlanto-Mediterranean species lacking a sinus the generic status of which is open to question (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EACEE5F4E5853DA7" author="Ryland" box="[1212,1423,151,176]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Ryland, J. S., De Blauwe, H., Lord, R. & Mackie, J. A. (2009) Recent discoveries of alien Watersipora (Bryozoa) in Western Europe. Zootaxa, 2093, 43 - 59." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Ryland
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EB66E5FAE54F3DA7" box="[1300,1349,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F24BFFE4EEE5E5DEE1B63DC2" authority="Busk, 1854" authorityName="Busk" authorityYear="1854" box="[151,444,188,213]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EEE5E5DEE12B3DC2" box="[151,289,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">W. cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EF42E5DFE1BE3DC2" author="Busk" box="[304,436,188,213]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Busk, G. (1854) Catalogue of Marine Polyzoa in the Collection of the British Museum, II. Cheilostomata (part). Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. i-viii, 55 - 120, pls. 69 - 124." type="book chapter" year="1854">Busk, 1854</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, apparently endemic to the Mediterranean, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F24BFFE4EDBFE5DEE47C3DC2" box="[973,1142,188,213]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EDBFE5DEE47C3DC2" box="[973,1142,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">W. subtorquata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a non-indigenous species originally described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F24BFFE4EFB9E5BCE2053DEF" box="[459,527,223,248]" name="Brazil" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
but now spread worldwide in tropical and warm-temperate areas (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EB5DE5BCE1253C0B" author="Taylor" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Taylor, P. D. & Gordon, D. P. (2002) Alcide d'Orbigny's work on Recent and fossil bryozoans. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 1, 533 - 547. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / s 1631 - 0683 (02) 00067 - 2" type="journal article" year="2002">Taylor & Gordon 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EF49E467E2093C0B" author="Vieira" box="[315,515,260,285]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Vieira, L. M., Spencer Jones, M. E. & Taylor, P. D. (2014) The identity of the invasive fouling bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata (d'Orbigny) and some other congeneric species. Zootaxa, 3857 (2), 151 - 182. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3857.2.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Vieira
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EFF4E466E1B53C0A" box="[390,447,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The occurrence in the Mediterranean of the fourth species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F24BFFE4EAC2E466E1F13C57" authority="Vieira, Spencer Jones & Taylor, 2014" authorityName="Vieira, Spencer Jones & Taylor" authorityYear="2014" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="souleorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EAC2E466E5433C0A" box="[1200,1353,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">W. souleorum</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EB23E467E1F13C57" author="Vieira" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Vieira, L. M., Spencer Jones, M. E. & Taylor, P. D. (2014) The identity of the invasive fouling bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata (d'Orbigny) and some other congeneric species. Zootaxa, 3857 (2), 151 - 182. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3857.2.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Vieira, Spencer Jones & Taylor, 2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, based on
|
||
<typeStatus id="C23754F5F24BFFE4EC0FE44BE2A73C57" box="[637,685,296,320]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">type</typeStatus>
|
||
material from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F24BFFE4EDFDE44BE41E3C57" box="[911,1044,295,320]" name="Cape Verde" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Cape Verde</collectingCountry>
|
||
Islands, is attested by specimens collected in the early 20th century at Naples (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4ECDFE42DE38A3C70" author="Vieira" box="[685,896,334,359]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Vieira, L. M., Spencer Jones, M. E. & Taylor, P. D. (2014) The identity of the invasive fouling bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata (d'Orbigny) and some other congeneric species. Zootaxa, 3857 (2), 151 - 182. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3857.2.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Vieira
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EC8CE433E33E3C70" box="[766,820,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and recorded by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EA2EE433E4F53C70" author="Waters" box="[1116,1279,335,359]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Waters, A. W. (1909) Reports on the marine biology of the Sudanese Red Sea. XII. The Bryozoa. Part I. - Cheilostomata. Journal of the Linnean Society, London, Zoology, 31 (205), 123 - 181. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1909. tb 00458. x" type="journal article" year="1909">Waters (1909)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EB5FE42DE0F53C9C" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F24BFFE4EB5FE42DE59B3C70" box="[1325,1425,334,359]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Bryocryptellidae" genus="Lepralia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">Lepralia</taxonomicName>
|
||
?
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F24BFFE4EEE5E411E0F53C9C" box="[151,255,370,395]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">cucullata</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Therefore, the current presence of this species in the Mediterranean needs to be confirmed. Identification at species-level of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F24BFFE4EF1BE4FBE1F83CB8" box="[361,498,408,431]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EF1BE4FBE1F83CB8" box="[361,498,408,431]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Watersipora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
colonies having a U-shaped sinus has long been a taxonomic challenge, repeatedly discussed (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EF37E4D9E1D33CC4" author="Ryland" box="[325,473,442,467]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Ryland, J. S. (1974) Bryozoa in the Great Barrier Reef province. In: Cameron A. M. et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Second International Reef Symposium. Vol. 2. The Great Barrier Reef Committee, Brisbane, pp. 341 - 348." type="book" year="1974">Ryland 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EF94E4D9E2DB3CC4" author="Soule" box="[486,721,442,467]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Soule, D. F. & Soule, J. D. (1975) Species groups in Watersiporidae. In: Pouyet, S. (Ed.), Bryozoa 1974. Proceedings of the Third Conference, International Bryozoology Association. Documents des Laboratoires de Geologie de la Faculte des Sciences de Lyon, H. S. 3, pp. 299 - 309." type="journal article" year="1975">Soule & Soule 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Examination of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="C23754F5F24BFFE4EDBAE4D8E4093CC4" box="[968,1027,443,467]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F24BFFE4EA59E4DFE4DC3CC4" box="[1067,1238,442,467]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EA59E4DFE4DC3CC4" box="[1067,1238,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">W. subtorquata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F24BFFE4EB7DE4DFE5963CC4" box="[1295,1436,442,467]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EB7DE4DFE5963CC4" box="[1295,1436,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">W. cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has made possible to specify the diagnostic value of several morphological and morphometric characters, to better characterize these species and to correct previous records (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4ED4FE761E4413F0C" author="Taylor" box="[829,1099,514,539]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Taylor, P. D. & Gordon, D. P. (2002) Alcide d'Orbigny's work on Recent and fossil bryozoans. Comptes Rendus Palevol, 1, 533 - 547. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1016 / s 1631 - 0683 (02) 00067 - 2" type="journal article" year="2002">Taylor & Gordon 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EA2BE761E5923F0C" author="Chimenz" box="[1113,1432,514,539]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Chimenz Gusso, C., Boccia, P. & Giovannini, N. (2004) Importance of faunistic and taxonomical studies for a correct analysis of the zoogeography of Mediterranean Bryozoa. Biogeographia, 25, 93 - 108." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Chimenz Gusso
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EB6AE767E5413F0C" box="[1304,1355,514,539]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EEE5E745E1553F28" author="Vieira" box="[151,351,550,575]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Vieira, L. M., Spencer Jones, M. E. & Taylor, P. D. (2014) The identity of the invasive fouling bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata (d'Orbigny) and some other congeneric species. Zootaxa, 3857 (2), 151 - 182. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3857.2.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Vieira
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EE90E74BE1113F28" box="[226,283,550,575]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Genetic studies have shown that cryptic diversity is remarkably high in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F24BFFE4EAE5E74BE52B3F28" box="[1175,1313,552,575]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EAE5E74BE52B3F28" box="[1175,1313,552,575]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Watersipora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EB5DE745E0F33F74" author="Ryland" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Ryland, J. S., De Blauwe, H., Lord, R. & Mackie, J. A. (2009) Recent discoveries of alien Watersipora (Bryozoa) in Western Europe. Zootaxa, 2093, 43 - 59." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Ryland
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EBFAE74BE0A73F74" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EF74E729E1E83F74" author="Mackie" box="[262,482,586,611]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Mackie, J. A., Keough, M. J. & Christidis, L. (2006) Invasion patterns inferred from cytochrome oxidase I sequences in three bryozoans, Bugula neritina, Watersipora subtorquata, and Watersipora arcuata. Marine Biology, 149, 285 - 295. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 00227 - 005 - 0196 - x" type="journal article" year="2006">
|
||
Mackie
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EF11E72FE19C3F74" box="[355,406,586,611]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2006
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EF9DE728E2213F74" author="Mackie" box="[495,555,587,611]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Mackie, J. A., Darling, J. A. & Geller, J. B. (2012) Ecology of cryptic invasions: latitudinal segregation among Watersipora (Bryozoa) species. Scientific Reports, 2, 871. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1038 / srep 00871" type="journal article" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), obviously in relation with human-mediated dispersal on a wide geographic scale. Particularly in this genus, molecular approaches must be conducted jointly with precise examination of morphological characters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="49F3BADFF24BFFE4EEE5E1BFE21D3838" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250302/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" targetBox="[151,1436,735,1221]" targetPageId="14">
|
||
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F24BFFE4EEE5E1BFE21D3838" blockId="14.[151,1437,1244,1327]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EEE5E1BFE11E39E5" bold="true" box="[151,276,1244,1266]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F24BFFE4EF6EE1BEE2D039E5" authority="d'Orbigny, 1852" authorityName="d'Orbigny" authorityYear="1852" box="[284,730,1244,1266]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EF6EE1BEE21039E5" box="[284,538,1244,1266]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Watersipora subtorquata</emphasis>
|
||
(d'Orbigny, 1852)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Lebanon; A, C from Stn 2A; B from Stn 8A:
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EAB3E1BFE4D039E5" bold="true" box="[1217,1242,1244,1266]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">A,</emphasis>
|
||
four autozooids at edge of colony;
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EF4CE199E15F3807" bold="true" box="[318,341,1274,1296]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">B,</emphasis>
|
||
orifice;
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EFDFE199E1CD3807" bold="true" box="[429,455,1274,1296]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">C,</emphasis>
|
||
distal part of autozooid (angled view) showing a low orificial collar and communication pores. Scale bars: A, 400 µm; B, C, 100 µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F24BFFE4EEB5E035E21A38E8" blockId="14.[151,1436,1366,1787]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">
|
||
The Lebanese specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F24BFFE4EC75E034E29B3879" box="[519,657,1367,1390]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EC75E034E29B3879" box="[519,657,1367,1390]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Watersipora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were ascribed to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F24BFFE4ED2BE034E4083878" box="[857,1026,1366,1391]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4ED2BE034E4083878" box="[857,1026,1366,1391]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">W. subtorquata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on orificial criteria (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EB47E035E1553884" author="Chimenz" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Chimenz Gusso, C., Boccia, P. & Giovannini, N. (2004) Importance of faunistic and taxonomical studies for a correct analysis of the zoogeography of Mediterranean Bryozoa. Biogeographia, 25, 93 - 108." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Chimenz Gusso
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EE96E018E11C3884" box="[228,278,1402,1427]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EF19E019E2253884" author="Vieira" box="[363,559,1402,1427]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Vieira, L. M., Spencer Jones, M. E. & Taylor, P. D. (2014) The identity of the invasive fouling bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata (d'Orbigny) and some other congeneric species. Zootaxa, 3857 (2), 151 - 182. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3857.2.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Vieira
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EFC4E018E1E53884" box="[438,495,1402,1427]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)—a rounded sinus (more quadrangular in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F24BFFE4EA7CE018E4933884" box="[1038,1177,1402,1427]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="cucullata">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EA7CE018E4933884" box="[1038,1177,1402,1427]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">W. cucullata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), small condyles and a mean width/length ratio of the orifice up to 1.14 in the Lebanese material, i.e. a value close to that of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="C23754F5F24BFFE4EB1EE0FCE59638A0" box="[1388,1436,1439,1463]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen (1.18: data from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EFA2E0A1E2B538CC" author="Soule" box="[464,703,1474,1499]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Soule, D. F. & Soule, J. D. (1975) Species groups in Watersiporidae. In: Pouyet, S. (Ed.), Bryozoa 1974. Proceedings of the Third Conference, International Bryozoology Association. Documents des Laboratoires de Geologie de la Faculte des Sciences de Lyon, H. S. 3, pp. 299 - 309." type="journal article" year="1975">Soule & Soule 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The validity of this attribution was confirmed by L.M. Vieira (pers. comm.,
|
||
<date id="6932CC97F24BFFE4EF4AE084E20E38E8" box="[312,516,1510,1535]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" value="2014-02-19">19 February 2014</date>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="1D33EA57F24BFFE4EEB5E369E1293BEC" blockId="14.[151,1436,1366,1787]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">
|
||
The distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F24BFFE4EFDEE368E2533B34" box="[428,601,1546,1571]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EFDEE368E2533B34" box="[428,601,1546,1571]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">W. subtorquata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Mediterranean based on published literature and examination of museum specimens (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EFF2E34DE26F3B50" author="Soule" box="[384,613,1582,1607]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Soule, D. F. & Soule, J. D. (1975) Species groups in Watersiporidae. In: Pouyet, S. (Ed.), Bryozoa 1974. Proceedings of the Third Conference, International Bryozoology Association. Documents des Laboratoires de Geologie de la Faculte des Sciences de Lyon, H. S. 3, pp. 299 - 309." type="journal article" year="1975">Soule & Soule 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EC03E34DE3A93B50" author="Chimenz" box="[625,931,1582,1607]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Chimenz Gusso, C., Boccia, P. & Giovannini, N. (2004) Importance of faunistic and taxonomical studies for a correct analysis of the zoogeography of Mediterranean Bryozoa. Biogeographia, 25, 93 - 108." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Chimenz Gusso
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4ED5BE34CE3503B50" box="[809,858,1582,1607]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Abdel
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4ED8BE34DE5043B50" author="Salam" box="[1017,1294,1582,1607]" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Abdel-Salam, K. M. & Ramadan, S. E. (2008) Fouling Bryozoa from some Alexandria harbours, Egypt. (II) Encrusting species. Mediterranean Marine Science, 9, 5 - 20. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.12681 / mms. 129" type="journal article" year="2008">Salam & Ramadan 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="791D97A6F24BFFE4EB6BE34DE0DB3B7C" author="Vieira" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" refString="Vieira, L. M., Spencer Jones, M. E. & Taylor, P. D. (2014) The identity of the invasive fouling bryozoan Watersipora subtorquata (d'Orbigny) and some other congeneric species. Zootaxa, 3857 (2), 151 - 182. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3857.2.1" type="journal article" year="2014">
|
||
Vieira
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EB16E34CE5963B50" box="[1380,1436,1582,1607]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2014
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) includes the eastern basin (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F24BFFE4EC49E331E2843B7C" box="[571,654,1618,1643]" name="Turkey" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F24BFFE4ECD0E331E2E93B7C" box="[674,739,1618,1643]" name="Israel" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F24BFFE4EC85E330E3343B7C" box="[759,830,1619,1643]" name="Egypt" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Egypt</collectingCountry>
|
||
), the Central Mediterranean (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F24BFFE4EAD9E331E4F83B7C" box="[1195,1266,1618,1643]" name="Malta" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Malta</collectingCountry>
|
||
), the Western Mediterranean (Tyrrhenian and Ligurian seas: Civitavecchia, Naples, Genoa, Savona), and the Strait of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="659BAAC7F24BFFE4EB45E315E5963B98" box="[1335,1436,1654,1679]" name="Gibraltar" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">Gibraltar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Tangiers). The features of specimens from Marseille stored at the Station Marine d’Endoume attest that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DA8C91D4F24BFFE4EBF2E3F8E1173BC0" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Watersiporidae" genus="Watersipora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="14" pageNumber="315" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="species" species="subtorquata">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FF83645F24BFFE4EBF2E3F8E1173BC0" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="315">W. subtorquata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was established in the commercial port before the 1970s, presumably introduced by vessels with fouled hulls.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |