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<document id="FBD6418523616F1047A9781D70DB4A5F" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.177512" ID-GBIF-Dataset="51d4cc83-c587-4aa6-96cc-54dcb4af5d58" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="177512" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459863705567" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Richards, Stephen J." docDate="2007" docId="B003F444515D0B08FF2DF8EEFE18D2CF" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01525p059.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1525" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Litoria chrisdahli Richards, 2007, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="58" masterDocId="4C3A8C3C515C0B0FFFBAFFEEFFE6D14D" masterDocTitle="A new species of ‘ spike-nosed’ frog from northern New Guinea (Anura: Hylidae: Litoria)" masterLastPageNumber="59" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1698226280509" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="60475CF3B0F0EEC1BB922A6E841E2015" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="A2537254A6E9040CD57CA05FCD2CA8A9">
<mods:title id="176DBB93C34C6F9593115F6BEF14C6E7">A new species of ‘ spike-nosed’ frog from northern New Guinea (Anura: Hylidae: Litoria)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="76D466900696FBD67F7BE875E0369A6B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E7F8AA7926C48139DCCF702F7EE9BF59">
<mods:roleTerm id="5C952587FB2E4FC560EF6CBC40C885F5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5D5CE9E854A75E96005ABA88FCAE2269">Richards, Stephen J.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="B139E8EFF889C36F56A6A68106ACDB31">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="70A17BD5E09B1F15B9A5002BB489CAF8" type="host">
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<mods:title id="A1532A23305361939C58C4976F946877">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="DD876DB3027F7C26DD25573AD6FB88F1">
<mods:date id="70C962AECFB8CCA94AB318EEDD6BD93B">2007</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="4C92D8969F400A93D3167A0AC9DA5D17" type="volume">
<mods:number id="7CC16215668985686D055EDEC26FFD70">1525</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="B64DE6489472FD71B6BCCB867FC173B5">51</mods:start>
<mods:end id="B218EDA9E53B28A08A36FC05D7A3A303">59</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="7216E1DA388DB96F85FCB360C9EFF05C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="AA99D8611E978D0ECD4C817EE0EAD55F" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.177512</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4EF7E918E963F0FBEADFE836A34F2047" type="GBIF-Dataset">51d4cc83-c587-4aa6-96cc-54dcb4af5d58</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7C8CFB6C78A3D2A527FF2F829558C6FD" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2FE251E5A25728E02331B20DEF1A4873" type="Zenodo-Dep">177512</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B003F444515D0B08FF2DF8EEFE18D2CF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5662663" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119368864" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5662663" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B003F444515D0B08FF2DF8EEFE18D2CF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B003F444515D0B08FF2DF8EEFE18D2CF" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<subSubSection id="70B016D9515D0B0EFF2DF8EEFEF6D670" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="38154552515D0B0EFF2DF8EEFE36D657" blockId="1.[151,464,1792,1853]" box="[151,464,1792,1818]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<heading id="635DF23E515D0B0EFF2DF8EEFE36D657" bold="true" box="[151,464,1792,1818]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" reason="1">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515D0B0EFF2DF8EEFE36D657" bold="true" box="[151,464,1792,1818]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515D0B0EFF2DF8EEFE8DD657" box="[151,363,1792,1818]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrisdahli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515D0B0EFF2DF8EEFE8DD657" bold="true" box="[151,363,1792,1818]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Litoria chrisdahli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="11ED243B515D0B0EFEC9F8EEFE36D657" box="[371,464,1792,1818]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="38154552515D0B0EFF2DF8CDFEF6D670" blockId="1.[151,464,1792,1853]" box="[151,272,1827,1853]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
(
<figureCitation id="A09159D7515D0B0EFF25F8CDFEE1D670" box="[159,263,1827,1853]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="2.[151,254,1736,1760]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,254,890,914]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,254,1389,1413]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,254,1294,1318]" captionTargetBox-0="[264,1322,258,1727]" captionTargetBox-1="[264,1322,178,882]" captionTargetBox-2="[265,1321,298,1381]" captionTargetBox-3="[157,1428,434,1268]" captionTargetId-0="figure@2.[264,1323,216,1728]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[264,1323,144,900]" captionTargetId-2="figure@4.[265,1321,296,1383]" captionTargetId-3="figure@5.[157,1429,434,1270]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Head of Litoria chrisdahli sp. nov. holotype (SAMA R 62510) in A. Dorsal, B. ventral and C. lateral aspects. Scale bar = 5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Palmar (A) and plantar (B) views of Litoria chrisdahli sp. nov. holotype (SAMA R 62510). Scale bar = 5 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Dermal fringes on tarsus of A. Litoria chrisdahli sp. nov. holotype (SAMA R 62510) and B. Litoria prora (SAMA R 62520) showing difference in extent of dermal crenulation. Scale bar = 5 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Litoria chrisdahli sp. nov. paratype (SAMA R 62506) in life." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/177513/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/177514/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/177515/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/177516/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Figs 1–4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70B016D9515D0B0DFF2DF89CFEE2D197" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="38154552515D0B0EFF2DF89CFB14D6F5" blockId="1.[151,1436,1906,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515D0B0EFF2DF89CFEABD6C1" bold="true" box="[151,333,1906,1932]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<typeStatus id="E711FBF0515D0B0EFF2DF89CFF34D6C1" box="[151,210,1906,1932]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="E711FBF0515D0B0EFEE3F89DFE2CD6C0" box="[345,458,1907,1933]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectionCode id="5EBBDD97515D0B0EFE6DF89DFDCAD6C0" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" box="[471,556,1907,1933]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">SAMA</collectionCode>
R62510 (FN SJR8886). Adult ɗ, Wamangu, East Sepik Province,
<collectingCountry id="40BD05C2515D0B0EFAEEF89DFECFD6F5" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
(03o
<geoCoordinate id="5D9E2395515D0B0EFEDAF870FE22D6F5" box="[352,452,1950,1976]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" precision="55" value="-47.224">47.224S</geoCoordinate>
, 143o
<geoCoordinate id="5D9E2395515D0B0EFDBEF870FD96D6F5" box="[516,624,1950,1976]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" precision="55" value="39.125">39.125 E</geoCoordinate>
, ~
<quantity id="FF52E8B7515D0B0EFD36F870FD31D6F5" box="[652,727,1950,1976]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="180.0">180 m</quantity>
a.s.l), collected by Chris Dahl on
<date id="4C146392515D0B0EFBDDF870FB08D6F5" box="[1127,1262,1950,1976]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" value="2004-10-28">28.10.2004</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="38154552515D0B0DFF7CF828FEE2D197" blockId="1.[151,1436,1906,2016]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,218]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
<typeStatus id="E711FBF0515D0B0EFF7CF828FEDAD6AD" box="[198,316,1990,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<collectionCode id="5EBBDD97515D0B0EFEF6F828FE78D6AD" box="[332,414,1990,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">UPNG</collectionCode>
10047 (FN SJR8866),
<collectionCode id="5EBBDD97515D0B0EFD09F828FCE3D6AD" box="[691,773,1990,2016]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">UPNG</collectionCode>
10048 (FN SJR8937),
<collectionCode id="5EBBDD97515D0B0EFBA1F828FB96D6AD" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" box="[1051,1136,1990,2016]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">SAMA</collectionCode>
R62506 (FN SJR8679), R62507 (FN 8883), R62509 (FN 8885) Adult ɗɗ,
<collectionCode id="5EBBDD97515E0B0DFD4FFF76FCACD1FF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" box="[757,842,152,178]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">SAMA</collectionCode>
R62508 (FN SJR8884) Adult Ψ, same data as for
<typeStatus id="E711FBF0515E0B0DFF2DFF2EFEE7D197" box="[151,257,192,218]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="6CD515DA515E0B0DFF2DF926FEBCD64F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177513/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" targetBox="[264,1322,258,1727]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="38154552515E0B0DFF2DF926FEBCD64F" blockId="2.[151,1436,1736,1794]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515E0B0DFF2DF926FEFED7AD" bold="true" box="[151,280,1736,1760]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Head of
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515E0B0DFEC2F926FDD3D792" box="[376,565,1736,1759]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrisdahli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515E0B0DFEC2F926FDD3D792" box="[376,565,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Litoria chrisdahli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="11ED243B515E0B0DFD81F926FD76D7AD" box="[571,656,1736,1760]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" rank="species">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515E0B0DFD81F926FD76D7AD" bold="true" box="[571,656,1736,1760]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype (SAMA R62510) in A. Dorsal, B. ventral and C. lateral aspects. Scale bar = 5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="70B016D9515E0B0DFF7CF8DBFB0AD6A2" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="38154552515E0B0DFF7CF8DBFB0AD6A2" blockId="2.[151,1436,1845,2031]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515E0B0DFF7CF8DBFEA0D602" bold="true" box="[198,326,1845,1871]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Distinguished from all other Australopapuan hylid frogs by a combination of the following features: 1) distinct dermal spine on the snout in males and females, 2) moderately large size (males
<quantity id="FF52E8B7515E0B0DFA87F8B3FF2ED6D2" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.775" metricValueMax="3.85" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="37.75" valueMax="38.5" valueMin="37.0">37–38.5 mm</quantity>
, a female
<quantity id="FF52E8B7515E0B0DFE85F86BFE4AD6D2" box="[319,428,1925,1951]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.56" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="45.6">45.6 mm</quantity>
), 3) well-developed dermal crenulations along outside of limbs and prominent dermal folds above vent, 4) fully-webbed fingers and 5) advertisement calls produced in groups of 2–6 distinctly pulsed notes in which pulses are clumped and pulse rate and structure are remarkably variable.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="6CD515DA515F0B0CFF2DFC94FF2ED2F9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177514/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" targetBox="[264,1322,178,882]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="38154552515F0B0CFF2DFC94FF2ED2F9" blockId="3.[151,1435,890,948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515F0B0CFF2DFC94FEFCD2DF" bold="true" box="[151,282,890,914]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Palmar (A) and plantar (B) views of
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515F0B0CFD0FFC94FC92D2DC" box="[693,884,890,913]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrisdahli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515F0B0CFD0FFC94FC92D2DC" box="[693,884,890,913]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Litoria chrisdahli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="11ED243B515F0B0CFCC6FC94FC35D2DF" box="[892,979,890,914]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" rank="species">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515F0B0CFCC6FC94FC35D2DF" bold="true" box="[892,979,890,914]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype (SAMA R62510). Scale bar = 5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="70B016D9515F0B08FF7CFC09FC3DD247" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" type="description">
<paragraph id="38154552515F0B0CFF7CFC09FED6D607" blockId="3.[151,1437,999,2026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515F0B0CFF7CFC09FE14D54C" bold="true" box="[198,498,999,1025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
Description of
<typeStatus id="E711FBF0515F0B0CFEC5FC09FE0AD54C" box="[383,492,999,1025]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
Adult male with vocal slits, calling when collected. Measurements and proportions are presented in
<tableCitation id="752870E9515F0B0CFE18FBFEFE1AD567" box="[418,508,1040,1066]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,239,832,856]" captionTargetBox="[159,1376,888,1671]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements and ratios of the type series of Litoria chrisdahli sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6CD515DA515D0B0EFF2DFCAEFBF5D215" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" tableUuid="6CD515DA515D0B0EFF2DFCAEFBF5D215">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Head flattened, width slightly less than one-third of SVL (HW/SVL 0.312); snout protruding, with prominent (
<quantity id="FF52E8B7515F0B0CFD8FFBD6FD72D51F" box="[565,660,1080,1106]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
) anteriorly directed dermal spike. Loreal region oblique, slightly concave, canthus rostralis strongly curved; nostrils lateral and concealed from above by prominent snout cants; internarial span much greater than distance between eye and naris (EN/IN 0.76), eye large, its horizontal diameter slightly greater than eye-naris distance; pupil horizontal. Tympanum small (EAR/EYE 0.49) but prominent, its superior margin hidden by prominent, strongly curved supratympanic fold. Tongue narrow with shallow posterior notch. Vomerine teeth in two small groups between choanae; a pair of long vocal slits from near angle of jaw extend half way to anterior of mouth. Fingers long, flattened, extensively webbed with large terminal discs. Webbing extends to base of disc on fingers 2 and 4, reaches disc on finger three by a broad fleshy fringe, and to distal edge of subarticular tubercle on finger one. Subarticular tubercles prominent, distal tubercles on fingers distinctly bi-lobed. A conspicuous crenulated fringe along outer edge of fourth finger extends along forearm to slightly before elbow where it is reduced to series of low, pale tubercles. Relative lengths of fingers 3&gt;4&gt;2&gt;1; a low, finely granular nuptial pad on dorsal surface of thumb.
<collectingCountry id="40BD05C2515F0B0CFB71FA1EFAE0D747" box="[1227,1286,1520,1546]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Hind</collectingCountry>
limbs rather short (TL/SVL 0.495), toes in decreasing order of length 4&gt;3=5&gt;2&gt;1, webbing reaches discs of all toes except fourth where it extends to tubercle at base of penultimate phalanx and extends to disc as broad fringe. Inner metatarsal tubercle well developed, no outer metatarsal tubercle. A conspicuous crenulated dermal fringe from disc of fifth toe to heel, most strongly pronounced along tarsus, continues as a short row of tubercles approximately
<quantity id="FF52E8B7515F0B0CFEEAF956FE7AD79F" box="[336,412,1720,1746]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
along edge of tibia. Two large, semi-circular dermal flaps below vent. Dorsum shagreened, with small irregular ridges and tubercles. Ventral surface of hind limbs and fore limbs smooth; throat, chest, abdomen and posterior half of femora granular; small triangular dermal lappets on lateral margin of lower jaw.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="38154552515F0B0BFF7CF8B6FDC0D04F" blockId="3.[151,1437,999,2026]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,152,258]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">In preservative dusty grey dorsally with small flecks of darker grey; tiny flecks of ivory-white on outside of limbs and around vent. Head with slightly darker grey markings than rest of dorsum. Dorsally fingers 1–2 and toes 1–3 white, finger 3 grey with white circum-marginal edge, finger 4 and toes 4–5 predominantly grey; all toes with ivory fringes. Throat white with sparse brown pigmentation on lateral edges of lower jaw; venter becoming cream posteriorly. Hidden surfaces of thighs dark brown, with narrow white stripe along hidden lateral surface of tibiae. Palmar and plantar surfaces with dense stippling of dark grey-brown pigmentation; dermal fringes and flaps ivory-white.</paragraph>
<caption id="6CD515DA51580B0BFF2DFA83FBA2D4EA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177515/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" targetBox="[265,1321,298,1381]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="3815455251580B0BFF2DFA83FBA2D4EA" blockId="4.[151,1436,1389,1447]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051580B0BFF2DFA83FEFFD4C8" bold="true" box="[151,281,1389,1413]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Dermal fringes on tarsus of A.
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED151580B0BFDCEFA80FCD7D4C8" box="[628,817,1390,1413]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrisdahli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051580B0BFDCEFA80FCD7D4C8" box="[628,817,1390,1413]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Litoria chrisdahli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="11ED243B51580B0BFC83FA83FC76D4C8" box="[825,912,1389,1413]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" rank="species">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051580B0BFC83FA83FC76D4C8" bold="true" box="[825,912,1389,1413]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
holotype (SAMA R62510) and B.
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED151580B0BFAB4FA80FA7AD4C8" box="[1294,1436,1390,1413]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="prora">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051580B0BFAB4FA80FA7AD4C8" box="[1294,1436,1390,1413]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Litoria prora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(SAMA R62520) showing difference in extent of dermal crenulation. Scale bar = 5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3815455251580B0BFF7CFA34FA87D678" blockId="4.[151,1437,1498,2005]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051580B0BFF7CFA34FE90D4B9" bold="true" box="[198,374,1498,1524]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Colour in life.</emphasis>
Based on photographs in life of
<typeStatus id="E711FBF051580B0BFD45FA35FC82D4B8" box="[767,868,1499,1525]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
SAMA R62506, dorsum and dorsal surfaces of limbs flesh-toned with numerous lime-green blotches and several large, brown blotches dorsally and dorsolaterally. Brown pigment most prominent on dorsal surface of head, knee, and laterally on body where it forms a broad, strongly scalloped band between axilla and vent. Green pigmentation concentrated on edge of upper eyelid and on forearm. Dorsal and ventral portions of
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED151580B0BFCAFF995FCDCD7D8" box="[789,826,1659,1685]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="iris">iris</taxonomicName>
flesh-coloured with brown flecks and reticulations, dark chocolate-brown pigmentation concentrated around pupil, particularly anterior and posterior of pupil. Finger and toe webbing flesh-coloured, mottled with brown and with small green flecks; crenulated folds along limbs flesh-coloured. Tympanum flesh-coloured and mottled with darker brown and specks of green. Tympanic membrane noticeably darker than pale flesh-coloured skin immediately posterior to it (
<figureCitation id="A09159D751580B0BFAB1F8F5FAB2D678" box="[1291,1364,1819,1845]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,254,1294,1318]" captionTargetBox="[157,1428,434,1268]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[157,1429,434,1270]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Litoria chrisdahli sp. nov. paratype (SAMA R 62506) in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177516/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3815455251580B0AFF7CF8ACFE8FD037" blockId="4.[151,1437,1498,2005]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,152,378]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051580B0BFF7CF8ACFEA7D611" bold="true" box="[198,321,1858,1884]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Variation.</emphasis>
Measurements of the
<typeStatus id="E711FBF051580B0BFDF3F8ADFD9DD610" box="[585,635,1859,1885]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">type</typeStatus>
series are presented in
<tableCitation id="752870E951580B0BFC2AF8ADFC0ED610" box="[912,1000,1859,1885]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,239,832,856]" captionTargetBox="[159,1376,888,1671]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements and ratios of the type series of Litoria chrisdahli sp. nov." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6CD515DA515D0B0EFF2DFCAEFBF5D215" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" tableUuid="6CD515DA515D0B0EFF2DFCAEFBF5D215">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Body size and proportions are similar and all specimens including the female exhibit the anteriorly directed rostral spine. The female is the largest specimen but in all other respects closely resembles the males. All specimens exhibit conspicuous dermal ornamentation on the limbs and jaw, and a pair of large dermal flaps below the vent. There is always a narrow white fold along the hidden surface of the tibiae, and the inner surfaces of the thighs are always dark brown. There may be a dark grey band between the eyes and along the canthus, and another narrow band from the rear of the eye to just behind the angle of the jaws. Ground colour is pale to dark grey, and the extent and pattern of darker pigmentation on the dorsum, and of blue and blue-grey (green in life) flecking and blotches is highly variable, the latter ranging from absent in the
<typeStatus id="E711FBF051590B0AFCBEFED6FC8DD01F" box="[772,875,312,338]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
to quite extensive on the dorsum and fingers in several
<typeStatus id="E711FBF051590B0AFF4BFE8EFE83D037" box="[241,357,352,378]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6CD515DA51590B0AFF2DFAE0FC41D468" box="[151,935,1294,1318]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177516/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" targetBox="[157,1428,434,1268]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="3815455251590B0AFF2DFAE0FC41D468" blockId="5.[151,935,1294,1318]" box="[151,935,1294,1318]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051590B0AFF2DFAE0FEFED46B" bold="true" box="[151,280,1294,1318]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED151590B0AFEA5FAE0FE3AD468" box="[287,476,1294,1317]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrisdahli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051590B0AFEA5FAE0FE3AD468" box="[287,476,1294,1317]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Litoria chrisdahli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="11ED243B51590B0AFE59FAE0FDDED46B" box="[483,568,1294,1318]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" rank="species">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051590B0AFE59FAE0FDDED46B" bold="true" box="[483,568,1294,1318]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
paratype (SAMA R62506) in life.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3815455251590B0AFF2DF927FF34D64B" blockId="5.[151,1436,1737,1798]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051590B0AFF2DF927FEFDD7AC" bold="true" box="[151,283,1737,1761]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Call sequence of
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED151590B0AFE58F924FD47D7AC" box="[482,673,1738,1761]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrisdahli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051590B0AFE58F924FD47D7AC" box="[482,673,1738,1761]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Litoria chrisdahli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="11ED243B51590B0AFD10F927FCE7D7AC" box="[682,769,1737,1761]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" rank="species">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051590B0AFD10F927FCE7D7AC" bold="true" box="[682,769,1737,1761]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
<typeStatus id="E711FBF051590B0AFCB0F924FC81D7AC" box="[778,871,1738,1761]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(SAMA R62510) recorded at an air temperature of 26o C.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3815455251590B09FF7CF8D7FD9BD037" blockId="5.[151,1436,1849,2036]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,152,378]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051590B0AFF7CF8D7FDB1D61E" bold="true" box="[198,599,1849,1875]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Comparison with other species.</emphasis>
Five other species of New Guinean frogs exhibit a prominent rostral spike.
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED151590B0AFF5EF88CFE52D636" box="[228,436,1890,1915]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrisdahli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051590B0AFF5EF88CFE52D636" box="[228,436,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Litoria chrisdahli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="11ED243B51590B0AFE06F88FFDFCD636" box="[444,538,1889,1915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" rank="species">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051590B0AFE06F88FFDFCD636" bold="true" box="[444,538,1889,1915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from three of these;
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED151590B0AFCDFF88CFC33D636" box="[869,981,1890,1915]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="havina">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051590B0AFCDFF88CFC33D636" box="[869,981,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">L. havina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED151590B0AFC5EF88CFBABD636" box="[996,1101,1890,1915]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mucro">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051590B0AFC5EF88CFBABD636" box="[996,1101,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">L. mucro</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED151590B0AFB3DF88CFAF7D636" box="[1159,1297,1890,1915]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pronimia">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051590B0AFB3DF88CFAF7D636" box="[1159,1297,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">L. pronimia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in its much larger size (male SVL
<quantity id="FF52E8B751590B0AFE25F864FDFBD6E9" box="[415,541,1930,1956]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="38.0" valueMax="39.0" valueMin="37.0">37–39 mm</quantity>
vs &lt;
<quantity id="FF52E8B751590B0AFDE7F864FD55D6E9" box="[605,691,1930,1956]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
), the possession of well-developed dermal lappets on the limbs, and conspicuous flaps of skin below the vent. Females further differ from these species in possessing a rostral spike (absent in females of
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED151590B0AFE66F834FDCAD6BE" box="[476,556,2010,2035]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="havina">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051590B0AFE66F834FDCAD6BE" box="[476,556,2010,2035]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">havina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED151590B0AFD86F834FD60D6BE" box="[572,646,2010,2035]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mucro">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051590B0AFD86F834FD60D6BE" box="[572,646,2010,2035]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">mucro</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED151590B0AFD7AF834FCCDD6BE" box="[704,811,2010,2035]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pronimia">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051590B0AFD7AF834FCCDD6BE" box="[704,811,2010,2035]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">pronimia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED151590B0AFCFEF834FBF2D6BE" box="[836,1044,2010,2035]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrisdahli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051590B0AFCFEF834FBF2D6BE" box="[836,1044,2010,2035]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Litoria chrisdahli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="11ED243B51590B0AFBA6F837FB9CD6BE" box="[1052,1146,2009,2035]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" rank="species">
<emphasis id="0ADE994051590B0AFBA6F837FB9CD6BE" bold="true" box="[1052,1146,2009,2035]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
most closely resembles, and is clearly most closely related to,
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515A0B09FDE0FF76FD5AD1FC" box="[602,700,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="prora">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FDE0FF76FD5AD1FC" box="[602,700,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">L. prora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515A0B09FD4DFF76FC22D1FC" box="[759,964,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humboldtorum">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FD4DFF76FC22D1FC" box="[759,964,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">L. humboldtorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from which it differs in its smaller size (males 37–38.5 vs&gt;
<quantity id="FF52E8B7515A0B09FE2BFF2EFE03D197" box="[401,485,192,218]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
SVL) and in having a different advertisement call (see below). It further differs from both of these species by its relatively reduced dermal ornamentation. The tarsal ornamentation of
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515A0B09FA3EFF06FEE8D064" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrisdahli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FA3EFF06FEE8D064" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">L. chrisdahli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="11ED243B515A0B09FEAEFEE1FE94D064" box="[276,370,271,297]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" rank="species">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FEAEFEE1FE94D064" bold="true" box="[276,370,271,297]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515A0B09FE10FEFEFDECD064" box="[426,522,272,297]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="prora">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FE10FEFEFDECD064" box="[426,522,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">L. prora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is compared in
<figureCitation id="A09159D7515A0B09FD7EFEFEFCEDD067" box="[708,779,272,298]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,254,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[265,1321,298,1381]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[265,1321,296,1383]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Dermal fringes on tarsus of A. Litoria chrisdahli sp. nov. holotype (SAMA R 62510) and B. Litoria prora (SAMA R 62520) showing difference in extent of dermal crenulation. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177515/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
. The only known female specimen of
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515A0B09FB73FEFEFEB9D01F" authority="Hiaso &amp; Richards 2006" authorityName="Hiaso &amp; Richards" authorityYear="2006" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hilli">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FB73FEFEFAB6D064" box="[1225,1360,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Litoria hilli</emphasis>
Hiaso &amp; Richards 2006
</taxonomicName>
has a small dermal ‘flap’ on the snout that is much shorter than the spike exhibited by males and the female specimen of
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515A0B09FE5AFE8EFD90D034" box="[480,630,352,378]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrisdahli">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FE5AFE8EFE16D034" box="[480,496,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">L</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FE45FE8EFD90D034" box="[511,630,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">chrisdahli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6CD515DA515A0B09FF2DFB8CFC5CD534" box="[151,954,1122,1146]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177517/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" targetBox="[271,1301,437,1079]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="38154552515A0B09FF2DFB8CFC5CD534" blockId="6.[151,954,1122,1146]" box="[151,954,1122,1146]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FF2DFB8CFEFFD537" bold="true" box="[151,281,1122,1146]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Detail of pulse structure of final two notes illustrated in Fig. 5.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="38154552515A0B08FF7CFB49FD86D0EF" blockId="6.[151,1437,1191,2020]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,152,898]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="58" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FF7CFB49FE5FD58C" bold="true" box="[198,441,1191,1217]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Advertisement call.</emphasis>
The advertisement call of
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515A0B09FD42FB46FC2ED58C" box="[760,968,1192,1217]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrisdahli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FD42FB46FC2ED58C" box="[760,968,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Litoria chrisdahli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="11ED243B515A0B09FC6BFB49FBC9D58C" box="[977,1071,1191,1217]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" rank="species">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FC6BFB49FBC9D58C" bold="true" box="[977,1071,1191,1217]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is a series of 2–6 rather harsh, distinctly pulsed notes. Calls are remarkable for exhibiting extreme variability in patterns of pulse structure within notes. Like
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515A0B09FECBFB16FDDBD45C" box="[369,573,1271,1297]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humboldtorum">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FECBFB16FE67D45C" box="[369,385,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">L</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FE2AFB16FDDBD45C" box="[400,573,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">humboldtorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515A0B09FDCEFB16FD33D45C" box="[628,725,1272,1297]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="prora">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FDCEFB16FD33D45C" box="[628,725,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">L. prora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the new species produces both ‘long notes’ and ‘short notes’ (see
<bibRefCitation id="5C3B38A3515A0B09FF77FAF1FE92D474" author="Gunther" box="[205,372,1311,1337]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" refString="Gunther, R. (2006) A remarkable new species of the genus Litoria (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae) from north-western New Guinea. Mitteilungen aus dem Museum fur Naturkunde in Berlin, Zoologische Reihe, 82, 179 - 190." type="journal article" year="2006">Günther 2006</bibRefCitation>
), and ‘long notes’ have a distinct sub-note structure in which pulses are distinctly clumped (Fig 5.). However unlike these species the pattern of pulse production by
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515A0B09FBBAFAA6FB70D42C" box="[1024,1174,1352,1377]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrisdahli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FBBAFAA6FB70D42C" box="[1024,1174,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">L. chrisdahli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="11ED243B515A0B09FB24FAA9FB1DD42C" box="[1182,1275,1351,1377]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" rank="species">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FB24FAA9FB1DD42C" bold="true" box="[1182,1275,1351,1377]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
in long notes is so variable that ‘sub note’ structure within a call sequence is different between nearly every note within a call (e.g. Figs 5, 6). Within notes pulses may be produced singly, in couplets, triplets, or in ‘clumps’ of up to 10 pulses (
<figureCitation id="A09159D7515A0B09FEA6FA51FE83D494" box="[284,357,1471,1497]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,254,1122,1146]" captionTargetBox="[271,1301,437,1079]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[260,1326,400,1098]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Detail of pulse structure of final two notes illustrated in Fig. 5." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177517/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
) and they may be produced at regular or variable intervals so that pulse rate within and among notes varies widely. This exceptionally variable pulse structure produces a distinctive and rather harsh spluttering effect that is not evident in
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515A0B09FDE5F9FEFCCDD764" box="[607,811,1552,1577]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humboldtorum">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FDE5F9FEFCCDD764" box="[607,811,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">L. humboldtorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515A0B09FCE9F9FEFB93D764" authority="Gunther 2006" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="2006" box="[851,1141,1551,1577]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="prora">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FCE9F9FEFC52D764" box="[851,948,1552,1577]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">L. prora</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C3B38A3515A0B09FC79F9E1FB8BD764" author="Gunther" box="[963,1133,1551,1577]" pageId="6" pageNumber="58" refString="Gunther, R. (2006) A remarkable new species of the genus Litoria (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae) from north-western New Guinea. Mitteilungen aus dem Museum fur Naturkunde in Berlin, Zoologische Reihe, 82, 179 - 190." type="journal article" year="2006">Günther 2006</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. A series of 15 calls produced by the
<typeStatus id="E711FBF0515A0B09FE8FF9D4FE7DD719" box="[309,411,1594,1620]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(SAMA R62510) at an air temperature of 26o C, consists of 2–6 distinctly pulsed notes produced at intervals of 4.40–
<geoCoordinate id="5D9E2395515A0B09FE47F98CFDDBD731" box="[509,573,1634,1660]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" precision="555" value="-19.8">19.80</geoCoordinate>
s (mean = 12.87, SD = 4.64, N = 14). Call length is extremely variable, depending on the number of notes produced and it is often difficult to determine where one call finishes and another starts. Ten full call sequences made by the
<typeStatus id="E711FBF0515A0B09FD4EF95CFCBCD781" box="[756,858,1714,1740]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
lasted for 1.20–
<geoCoordinate id="5D9E2395515A0B09FBA1F95CFBB6D781" box="[1051,1104,1714,1740]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" precision="555" value="-4.1">4.10</geoCoordinate>
s (mean = 2.93, SD = 0.99) and notes were produced at a rate of 0.9–1.8/s (mean = 1.30, SD = 0.28, N = 10). From the five best calls 17 long notes lasted 0.35–
<geoCoordinate id="5D9E2395515A0B09FE15F8ECFE05D651" box="[431,483,1794,1820]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" precision="555" value="-0.7">0.70</geoCoordinate>
s (mean = 0.48, SD = 0.10) and two short notes lasted
<geoCoordinate id="5D9E2395515A0B09FB28F8ECFB39D651" box="[1170,1247,1794,1820]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" precision="555" value="-0.04">0.04 s</geoCoordinate>
. Pulse rate was extremely variable within and among these notes. Pulse rate in the long notes was 63.95–178.24/s (mean = 100.51, SD = 30.79, N = 17) and was 252 and 309 pulses/s in two short notes. Dominant frequency of the 19 notes analysed above was
<date id="4C146392515A0B09FE75F894FDB5D6D9" box="[463,595,1914,1940]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" value="2040" valueMax="2546">2040–2546</date>
Hz (mean = 2282, SD = 135.4). A call sequence is illustrated in Fig. 5 and the variation in pulse structure is illustrated in more detail in
<figureCitation id="A09159D7515A0B09FC0FF84CFC19D6F1" box="[949,1023,1954,1980]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,254,1122,1146]" captionTargetBox="[271,1301,437,1079]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[260,1326,400,1098]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Detail of pulse structure of final two notes illustrated in Fig. 5." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/177517/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
. The advertisement call of
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515A0B09FAF1F84CFEE8D6AE" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrisdahli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FAF1F84CFEE8D6AE" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">Litoria chrisdahli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="11ED243B515A0B09FEADF824FE90D6A9" box="[279,374,1994,2020]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" rank="species">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FEADF824FE90D6A9" bold="true" box="[279,374,1994,2020]" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
is strikingly different from that of
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515A0B09FCA7F824FC66D6AE" box="[797,896,1994,2019]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="prora">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FCA7F824FC66D6AE" box="[797,896,1994,2019]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">L. prora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515A0B09FC07F824FB6CD6AE" box="[957,1162,1994,2019]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="57" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humboldtorum">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515A0B09FC07F824FB6CD6AE" box="[957,1162,1994,2019]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="57">L. humboldtorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; calls of the latter two species were analysed by
<bibRefCitation id="5C3B38A3515B0B08FE74FF76FD6FD1FF" author="Gunther" box="[462,649,152,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" refString="Gunther, R. (2006) A remarkable new species of the genus Litoria (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae) from north-western New Guinea. Mitteilungen aus dem Museum fur Naturkunde in Berlin, Zoologische Reihe, 82, 179 - 190." type="journal article" year="2006">Günther (2006)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515B0B08FD2CFF76FC82D1FC" box="[662,868,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="humboldtorum">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515B0B08FD2CFF76FC82D1FC" box="[662,868,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">L. humboldtorum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
normally utters one long note followed by two shorter notes, with long intervals between calls, a pattern not observed in the new species. It also has a much lower dominant frequency than
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515B0B08FDAAFF06FD41D04C" box="[528,679,232,257]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrisdahli">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515B0B08FDAAFF06FD41D04C" box="[528,679,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">L. chrisdahli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(1.8 vs ~ 2.2 kHz). Calls of
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515B0B08FC46FF06FBBBD04C" box="[1020,1117,232,257]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="prora">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515B0B08FC46FF06FBBBD04C" box="[1020,1117,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">L. prora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
consist of 2–10 notes with highly variable intervals between calls, and with a general pattern of shorter notes followed by longer notes (
<bibRefCitation id="5C3B38A3515B0B08FF24FED6FEA1D01F" author="Gunther" box="[158,327,312,338]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" refString="Gunther, R. (2006) A remarkable new species of the genus Litoria (Amphibia, Anura, Hylidae) from north-western New Guinea. Mitteilungen aus dem Museum fur Naturkunde in Berlin, Zoologische Reihe, 82, 179 - 190." type="journal article" year="2006">Günther 2006</bibRefCitation>
). Calls of
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515B0B08FE06FED6FDFAD01C" box="[444,540,312,337]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="prora">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515B0B08FE06FED6FDFAD01C" box="[444,540,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">L. prora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also lack the extreme variability in pulse structure exhibited by
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515B0B08FABDFED6FA7AD01C" box="[1287,1436,312,337]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrisdahli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515B0B08FABDFED6FA7AD01C" box="[1287,1436,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">L. chrisdahli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="11ED243B515B0B08FF2DFEB1FF13D034" box="[151,245,351,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" rank="species">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515B0B08FF2DFEB1FF13D034" bold="true" box="[151,245,351,377]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and have a distinctly melodious call that is quite unlike the harsh, and slightly ‘chattering’ or ‘spluttering’ sound produced by this species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="38154552515B0B08FF7CFE41FC3DD247" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515B0B08FF7CFE41FE6BD084" bold="true" box="[198,397,431,457]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Natural history.</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="E711FBF0515B0B08FE73FE5EFE1DD087" box="[457,507,432,458]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">type</typeStatus>
locality is adjacent to the Nakam River. The habitat is a complex patchwork of secondary lowland rainforest, patches of bamboo, coconut plantations, cleared forest and gardens, and sago swamps. A number of large, buttressed trees remain. The forest is prone to inundation after several days of rain. Male
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515B0B08FEACFDC6FE03D30C" box="[278,485,552,577]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chrisdahli" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515B0B08FEACFDC6FE03D30C" box="[278,485,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Litoria chrisdahli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="11ED243B515B0B08FE56FDC9FDAFD30C" box="[492,585,551,577]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" rank="species">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515B0B08FE56FDC9FDAFD30C" bold="true" box="[492,585,551,577]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
called predominantly on relatively cool, wet nights. They were common around pools and swamps (particularly sago swamps) in severely disturbed habitats. Several males were found calling from sago palm leaves about
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high in the evening after rain; others were found in lowland rainforest near the sago swamps, calling from between
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–
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high on leaves. The female contains large, unpigmented pale yellow eggs suggesting that the reproductive behaviour of this species, like
<taxonomicName id="FFAA3ED1515B0B08FA94FD26FA73D3AC" box="[1326,1429,712,737]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="prora">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515B0B08FA94FD26FA73D3AC" box="[1326,1429,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">L. prora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, involves the deposition of eggs on leaves above water (
<bibRefCitation id="5C3B38A3515B0B08FCA7FD1EFC29D247" author="Richards" box="[797,975,752,778]" pageId="7" pageNumber="59" refString="Richards, S. J. (2002) Rokrok: An illustrated guide to the frogs of the Kikori River Basin. WWF-PNG. Port Moresby 33 pp." type="book" year="2002">Richards 2002</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70B016D9515B0B08FF7CFCF9FE18D2CF" pageId="7" pageNumber="58" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="38154552515B0B08FF7CFCF9FE18D2CF" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="0ADE9940515B0B08FF7CFCF9FEB5D27C" bold="true" box="[198,339,791,817]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Etymology.</emphasis>
The new species is named for Mr Chris Dahl, who collected the
<typeStatus id="E711FBF0515B0B08FBF7FCF6FB66D27F" box="[1101,1152,792,818]" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">type</typeStatus>
series, in recognition of his dedication and hard work that resulted in the documentation of this species and many other interesting frogs in northern New
<collectingCountry id="40BD05C2515B0B08FE18FC86FE1DD2CF" box="[418,507,872,898]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="7" pageNumber="58">Guinea</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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