164 lines
19 KiB
XML
164 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document id="FFBD0F78C5D04F7DD5D919583955A4C7" ID-CLB-Dataset="20202" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5115.4.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="145d1782-f9ec-4c25-ac21-d3597e92d6ad" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6361679" ID-ZooBank="23F98AA6-D461-4249-A264-289FA0D22608" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1647420592860" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Brown, Brian V." docDate="2022" docId="2F7B879AFFCAFF97FF21F97BFDC3FB8E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5115.4.7.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5115 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Macgrathphora Brown 2022, new genus" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="574" masterDocId="D342FFE2FFC8FF94FFB6FFA4FFC1FFD7" masterDocTitle="Two new genera of phorid flies, Macgrathphora and Aurisetiphora, from Costa Rica (Diptera: Phoridae), with recommendations for naming new genera in the family" masterLastPageNumber="581" masterPageNumber="571" pageNumber="573" updateTime="1699318120303" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="F0B40DDD898F1B5A0970BBBFA8479F5A">Two new genera of phorid flies, Macgrathphora and Aurisetiphora, from Costa Rica (Diptera: Phoridae), with recommendations for naming new genera in the family</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="1819D420FBA00F001FF68DBBDFCBD825" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="6EC802BBF206D9D417434BCE207D3423">Brown, Brian V.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="A014D0A308F37E307180EBCEC5B51DB0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="26C6795BF57C7CE80DD0D21988A813FA">
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<mods:date id="3EC90380191B11055F92094E2E19825C">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="209191380CEC90CA015836A1D87E9A8A">2022-03-16</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="02A7BB6DC07B53E08F71445BD2C22B1E">5115</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="C9A92976518CC1F6C416AA35923DEDF6" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5115.4.7</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2F7B879AFFCAFF97FF21F97BFDC3FB8E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6361584" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195870098" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6361584" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2F7B879AFFCAFF97FF21F97BFDC3FB8E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2F7B879AFFCAFF97FF21F97BFDC3FB8E" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="574" pageId="2" pageNumber="573">
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<subSubSection id="EFC86507FFCAFF96FF21F97BFE1EF92D" box="[151,479,1759,1786]" pageId="2" pageNumber="573" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A76D368CFFCAFF96FF21F97BFE1EF92D" blockId="2.[151,479,1759,1823]" box="[151,479,1759,1786]" pageId="2" pageNumber="573">
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<heading id="FC2581E0FFCAFF96FF21F97BFE1EF92D" bold="true" box="[151,479,1759,1786]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="573" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="95A6EA9EFFCAFF96FF21F97BFE1EF92D" bold="true" box="[151,479,1759,1786]" pageId="2" pageNumber="573">
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<taxonomicName id="60D24D0FFFCAFF96FF21F97BFE97F92D" ID-CoL="9HZZM" authority="Brown, 2022" authorityName="Brown" authorityYear="2022" box="[151,342,1759,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Macgrathphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="95A6EA9EFFCAFF96FF21F97BFE97F92D" bold="true" box="[151,342,1759,1786]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="573">Macgrathphora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="8E9557E5FFCAFF96FEEBF944FE1EF92D" box="[349,479,1760,1786]" pageId="2" pageNumber="573" rank="genus">new genus</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EFC86507FFCAFF96FF21F8A0FE4BF8C9" box="[151,394,1796,1823]" pageId="2" pageNumber="573" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A76D368CFFCAFF96FF21F8A0FE4BF8C9" blockId="2.[151,479,1759,1823]" box="[151,394,1796,1823]" pageId="2" pageNumber="573">
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<figureCitation id="3FE92A09FFCAFF96FF21F8A0FEC3F8C9" box="[151,258,1796,1822]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–4" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1114,1138]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,164,1104]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[175,1413,164,1104]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–4. Habitus, male, lateral. 1. Macgrathphora caribbea new species. 2. Macgrathphora longifurca new species. 3. Macgrathphora pacifica new species. 4. Aurisetiphora maggiesnowae new species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6361684" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6361684/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="573">Figs. 1–3</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="3FE92A09FFCAFF96FEBBF8A0FEFBF8C8" box="[269,314,1796,1823]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–10" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1923,1947]" captionTargetBox="[192,1398,785,1858]" captionTargetId="figure-273@5.[151,1436,773,1901]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 5–10. Wing male. 5–6. Macgrathphora caribbea new species. 5. Male. 6. Female. 7–8. Macgrathphora longifurca new species. 7. Male. 8. Female. 9. Macgrathphora pacifica new species, male. 10. Aurisetiphora maggiesnowae new species, male." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6361686" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6361686/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="573">5–9</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="3FE92A09FFCAFF96FEF3F8A0FE4BF8C9" box="[325,394,1796,1822]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1201,1225]" captionTargetBox="[150,1336,213,1178]" captionTargetId="figure-26@6.[150,1437,181,1178]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 11–14. Male genitalia, left lateral. 11. Macgrathphora caribbea new species. 12. Macgrathphora longifurca new species. 13. Macgrathphora pacifica new species. 14. Aurisetiphora maggiesnowae new species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6361690" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6361690/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="573">11–13</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EFC86507FFCAFF96FF21F8E8FCBAF8B0" box="[151,891,1868,1895]" pageId="2" pageNumber="573" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="A76D368CFFCAFF96FF21F8E8FCBAF8B0" blockId="2.[151,1437,1868,2039]" box="[151,891,1868,1895]" pageId="2" pageNumber="573">
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<emphasis id="95A6EA9EFFCAFF96FF21F8E8FEF5F8B1" bold="true" box="[151,308,1868,1894]" pageId="2" pageNumber="573">
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<typeStatus id="7869882EFFCAFF96FF21F8E8FF13F8B1" box="[151,210,1868,1894]" pageId="2" pageNumber="573">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="60D24D0FFFCAFF96FE8AF8E8FD6BF8B0" ID-CoL="9HZZJ" authority="Brown" authorityName="Brown" box="[316,682,1868,1895]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Macgrathphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caribbea">
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<emphasis id="95A6EA9EFFCAFF96FE8AF8E8FD99F8B1" box="[316,600,1868,1894]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="573">Macgrathphora caribbea</emphasis>
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Brown
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</taxonomicName>
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(here designated).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EFC86507FFCAFF97FF71F8D4FCD4FE5E" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="574" pageId="2" pageNumber="573" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="A76D368CFFCAFF97FF71F8D4FCD4FE5E" blockId="2.[151,1437,1868,2039]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="574" pageId="2" pageNumber="573">
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<emphasis id="95A6EA9EFFCAFF96FF71F8D4FE83F85D" bold="true" box="[199,322,1904,1930]" pageId="2" pageNumber="573">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="60D24D0FFFCAFF96FEFDF8D4FE18F85D" authorityName="Peterson" authorityYear="1887" box="[331,473,1904,1930]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Metopininae">Metopininae</taxonomicName>
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(anepisternum divided, midtibia without isolated setae, epandrium and hypandrium fully separate). Four proclinate supra-antennal setae present. Notopleural cleft fringed with long microtrichia present. Hind tibial setal palisade and posterodorsal setal row (found in species of
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<taxonomicName id="60D24D0FFFCAFF96FBB5F81CFBB9F805" authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1856" box="[1027,1144,1976,2002]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Megaselia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="95A6EA9EFFCAFF96FBB5F81CFBB9F805" box="[1027,1144,1976,2002]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="573">Megaselia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and many similar genera) absent. Differing from
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<taxonomicName id="60D24D0FFFCAFF96FE20F879FDC0F821" box="[406,513,2013,2038]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Metopina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="573" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="95A6EA9EFFCAFF96FE20F879FDC0F821" box="[406,513,2013,2038]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="573">Metopina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-group genera (sensu
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<bibRefCitation id="C3434B7DFFCAFF96FD47F879FCBEF821" author="Brown, B. V." box="[753,895,2012,2039]" pageId="2" pageNumber="573" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref5611" refString="Brown, B. V. (1992) Generic revision of Phoridae of the Nearctic Region and phylogenetic classification of Phoridae, Sciadoceridae and Ironomyiidae (Diptera: Phoridea). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 164, 1 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / entm 124164 fv" type="journal article" year="1992">Brown 1992</bibRefCitation>
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), by the largely symmetrical male terminalia and presences of wing vein R
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<subScript id="3B5634C9FFCBFF97FE07FF0DFE0AFF60" attach="left" box="[433,459,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">2+3</subScript>
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. Differs from virtually all other metopinine phorids by the inflated Rs (especially in females) and the strongly downward pointing male cercus. In the key of
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<bibRefCitation id="C3434B7DFFCBFF97FC1FFF1FFB88FF02" author="Disney, R. H. L." box="[937,1097,187,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" refId="ref6452" refString="Disney, R. H. L. (1994) Scuttle flies: the Phoridae. Chapman and Hall, London, xii + 467 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 011 - 1288 - 8" type="book" year="1994">Disney (1994)</bibRefCitation>
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to phorid genera of the world, it runs to couplet 186, where it matches neither option (
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<taxonomicName id="60D24D0FFFCBFF97FCB7FF7BFC2CFF2E" authority="Schmitz" authorityName="Schmitz" box="[769,1005,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Woodiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="95A6EA9EFFCBFF97FCB7FF7BFC4BFF2E" box="[769,906,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Woodiphora</emphasis>
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Schmitz
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="60D24D0FFFCBFF97FB95FF7BFB3CFF2D" authority="Malloch" authorityName="Malloch" authorityYear="1910" box="[1059,1277,223,250]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Beckerina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="95A6EA9EFFCBFF97FB95FF7BFB54FF2E" box="[1059,1173,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Beckerina</emphasis>
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Malloch
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</taxonomicName>
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). In the key of
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<bibRefCitation id="C3434B7DFFCBFF97FF21FEA7FEF6FECA" author="Brown, B. V." box="[151,311,259,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" pagination="725 - 761" refId="ref5752" refString="Brown, B. V. (2010) Phoridae (Hump-backed flies, Scuttle flies). In: Brown, B. V., Borkent, A., Cumming, J. M., Wood, D. M., Woodley, N. E. & Zumbado, M. A. (Eds.), Manual of Central American Diptera. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, Ontario, pp. 725 - 761." type="book chapter" year="2010">Brown (2010)</bibRefCitation>
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to Central American phorid genera, it runs to couplet 90, where it again can be distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="60D24D0FFFCBFF97FF21FE83FE45FE96" authority="Schmitz" authorityName="Schmitz" box="[151,388,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Woodiphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="95A6EA9EFFCBFF97FF21FE83FEE1FE96" box="[151,288,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Woodiphora</emphasis>
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Schmitz
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="60D24D0FFFCBFF97FE0CFE83FD7EFE96" authority="Macquart" authorityName="Macquart" authorityYear="1835" box="[442,703,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Gymnophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="95A6EA9EFFCBFF97FE0CFE83FD8FFE96" box="[442,590,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Gymnophora</emphasis>
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Macquart
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</taxonomicName>
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by the swollen Rs vein and ventrally reflexed male cercus. All of these genera (and some others) share with
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<taxonomicName id="60D24D0FFFCBFF97FDC4FEEFFCE2FEB2" authorityName="Brown" authorityYear="2022" box="[626,803,331,357]" class="Insecta" family="Phoridae" genus="Macgrathphora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="95A6EA9EFFCBFF97FDC4FEEFFCE2FEB2" box="[626,803,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Macgrathphora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the presence of a notopleural suture or other notopleural gland opening, and thus might be part of a natural group.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EFC86507FFCBFF97FF71FE36FECEFC72" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A76D368CFFCBFF97FF71FE36FC79FE7A" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" box="[199,952,402,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
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<emphasis id="95A6EA9EFFCBFF97FF71FE36FE7DFE7B" bold="true" box="[199,444,402,428]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">General description.</emphasis>
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Body length
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<quantity id="602A9B69FFCBFF97FDE5FE37FD1CFE7A" box="[595,733,403,429]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" unit="mm" value="0.85" valueMax="0.9" valueMin="0.8">0.8–0.9 mm</quantity>
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. Color light brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A76D368CFFCBFF97FF71FE13FF1AFDEA" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Head. Frons short, ocellar triangle disproportionally large. Distinct frontal furrow present. Frontal setation consists of usual 12 setae in 3 rows (4-4-4), with 4 subequal supra-antennal setae; dorsal and ventral interfrontal setae medioclinate. First flagellomere rounded, enlarged, with several subcuticular pit sensilla; arista dorsal. Palpus small.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A76D368CFFCBFF97FF71FDE3FAA2FD52" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Thorax. Scutal setulae sparse. Anepisternum divided, bare. Two notopleural setae present. Small to large notopleural cleft with fringe of long microtrichia present in males only. Scutellum with two pairs of subequal setae.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A76D368CFFCBFF97FF71FD2BFF31FD1A" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
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Wing. Sc well-developed, fusing with R
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<subScript id="3B5634C9FFCBFF97FD30FD05FD4FFD78" attach="left" box="[646,654,673,687]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">1</subScript>
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at the latter’s midlength. Rs inflated, thick, especially in females. R
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<subScript id="3B5634C9FFCBFF97FA35FD05FA5DFD78" attach="left" box="[1411,1436,673,687]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">2+3</subScript>
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present.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A76D368CFFCBFF97FF71FD73FF14FCC2" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Legs. All legs with sparse, light-colored setulae; lacking enlarged setae, longitudinal setal palisades, and setal rows.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A76D368CFFCBFF97FF71FCBBFB5AFCEE" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" box="[199,1179,799,825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Abdomen. Dufour’s mechanism not observed. Tergites large, unmodified in both sexes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="A76D368CFFCBFF97FF71FCE7FC28FC8A" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" box="[199,1001,835,861]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Male terminalia. Epandrium short, triangular; cercus pointing ventrally.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A76D368CFFCBFF97FF71FCC3FECEFC72" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Female terminalia. Large tergites present on segments 1–6 and posterior segments not modified into a parasitic ovipositor.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EFC86507FFCBFF97FF71FC0AFA8FFC3A" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="A76D368CFFCBFF97FF71FC0AFA8FFC3A" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
|
||
<emphasis id="95A6EA9EFFCBFF97FF71FC0AFE77FC1E" bold="true" box="[199,438,942,969]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Derivation of name.</emphasis>
|
||
The genus is named for Frank McGrath, a bodybuilder who has exceptional vascularity (and thus inflated veins). Latinization of McGrath requires the insertion of an “a” between the “M” and “c”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EFC86507FFCBFF97FF71FC53FCEEFBE2" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="A76D368CFFCBFF97FF71FC53FCEEFBE2" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
|
||
<emphasis id="95A6EA9EFFCBFF97FF71FC53FE52FBC7" bold="true" box="[199,403,1014,1041]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Included species.</emphasis>
|
||
From examination of the material at hand, it appears that there are at least three species of this genus in Central America and northern South America.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="EFC86507FFCBFF97FF71FB9BFDC3FB8E" box="[199,514,1086,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="A76D368CFFCBFF97FF71FB9BFDC3FB8E" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,1113]" box="[199,514,1086,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
|
||
<emphasis id="95A6EA9EFFCBFF97FF71FB9BFE44FB8F" bold="true" box="[199,389,1086,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |