439 lines
49 KiB
XML
439 lines
49 KiB
XML
<document id="E3695D20CCBE90AB3A413FF1B8ED9219" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.181938" ID-GBIF-Dataset="501f6152-5a48-4b32-922c-ab8ad8f06d97" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="181938" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459844167225" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Chaparro, Juan C., Padial, José M. & Riva, Ignacio De La" docDate="2008" docId="03B7F40CFFD00F1DFF0FB4F4FA411B08" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01761p058.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1761" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Phrynopus miroslawae Chaparro, Padial & Riva, 2008, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="FF8E8C74FFD10F19FF98B649FF241A21" masterDocTitle="Two sympatric new species of Phrynopus (Anura: Strabomantidae) from Yanachaga Chemillén National Park (central Peruvian Andes)" masterLastPageNumber="58" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="50" updateTime="1698224695552" updateUser="plazi">
|
||
<mods:mods id="5B7882FF257E302084254B1264796B9A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="AB4E0E01C669532FBD5A9FB28EC80B11">
|
||
<mods:title id="9DB7C34F99CE292EA7C2CE7DAEF1DFA9">Two sympatric new species of Phrynopus (Anura: Strabomantidae) from Yanachaga Chemillén National Park (central Peruvian Andes)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="E98ECA0A9FD7E5B4CD378D3D9A4268B8" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="08BD8E3CAFF7DF0FFEE6C803B12E90E0">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="D5F0E49567B56D0F58B45521DA080607">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="BD06B212018FBE9DFC786E2BC4DC888D">Chaparro, Juan C.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="F3A5EAD7B9CE86AAB5EF646D52EF3A94" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="C08713C77A7B13701DB8A38803A68E5B">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="515A92C7C2E71D0F9EBEF92DF7F390DF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="004C019A22605AFFF6DC451B7472F459">Padial, José M.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="33A167C4290BB9DF68AD28EAC9E86C46" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="32E7B7FC6507DDA3D9BC0B3332C6A315">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="66AA2DFADD447621859BC62E83DC4F9A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="78B631BF7EB7CE7DC392A5D2856AB6EC">Riva, Ignacio De La</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="B45235981BD6E9FE99E2EE0969313558">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="D6FC9C85F18473407ED4FD9619393F72" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="3B8916BD1FE0BCDCB51746A10A68AA8A">
|
||
<mods:title id="EACB0A75288F14E4261AC22AD527F203">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="A6028F324F7EB6E27A6237BD15A39D48">
|
||
<mods:date id="70C93A34AE3ABA34751EAF32FC7CE075">2008</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="79467AE1E55074DD4560A65987D90FDB" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="7EC48E209A54ED4994CC30C8944384F5">1761</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="000C20195C851F8498A3FC44D3BC218C" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="8C168BD21D330CE44F6C506E40EAB3FF">49</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="88EF488B244EC72C62C084B1D3581E0D">58</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="A5E97CE24CCAEAABD9D71390111A457E">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="F776E0145FC944D4E6F266E099628490" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.181938</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="6C4209F098A9B7509EC4B485EAC28612" type="GBIF-Dataset">501f6152-5a48-4b32-922c-ab8ad8f06d97</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="E46B1246B765C19C5656C7BC773D377A" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="B4E9E8EF89FB7D95B9315F128F53C177" type="Zenodo-Dep">181938</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03B7F40CFFD00F1DFF0FB4F4FA411B08" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6231697" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119361175" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6231697" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B7F40CFFD00F1DFF0FB4F4FA411B08" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B7F40CFFD00F1DFF0FB4F4FA411B08" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3041691FFD00F18FF0FB4F4FE3318DB" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD00F18FF0FB4F4FD3518F6" blockId="1.[151,529,701,762]" box="[151,529,701,727]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<heading id="D0E9F276FFD00F18FF0FB4F4FD3518F6" bold="true" box="[151,529,701,727]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD00F18FF0FB4F4FD3518F6" bold="true" box="[151,529,701,727]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FF0FB4F4FE8918F6" box="[151,429,701,727]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD00F18FF0FB4F4FE8918F6" bold="true" box="[151,429,701,727]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">Phrynopus miroslawae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2592473FFD00F18FE2CB4F4FD3518F6" box="[436,529,701,727]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD00F18FF0FB4A9FE3318DB" blockId="1.[151,529,701,762]" box="[151,279,736,762]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1325599FFFD00F18FF07B4A9FE2A18DB" box="[159,270,736,762]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="1.[151,255,1755,1779]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,255,1374,1398]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,1421,1729]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1434,194,1349]" captionTargetId-0="figure@1.[151,1436,1421,1729]" captionTargetId-1="figure@3.[151,1436,194,1350]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Living adult female of Phrynopus miroslawae sp. nov. (MHNC 6469, holotype, SVL 29.1 mm) in dorsolateral (A), ventral (B) and dorsal (C) views. Photos by J. C. C." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Ventral views of hand (A), and foot (B) of adult female Phrynopus miroslawae sp. nov. (MHNC 6469, holotype)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/181939/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/181940/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">Figs. 1–2</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3041691FFD00F18FF0FB566FB6219BB" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD00F18FF0FB566FB6219BB" blockId="1.[151,1436,815,1362]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD00F18FF0FB566FE341968" bold="true" box="[151,272,815,841]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A5FBB8FFD00F18FF0FB566FE2F1968" box="[151,267,815,841]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED0FDDDFFFD00F18FE82B579FE56196B" box="[282,370,816,842]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/25c9-tsqt" name="Musee d'Histoire Naturelle - La Chaux-de-Fonds" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">MHNC</collectionCode>
|
||
6469 (field number JCC 4029), an adult female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1325599FFFD00F18FC5FB579FB2A196B" box="[967,1038,816,842]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,255,1755,1779]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1421,1729]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[151,1436,1421,1729]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Living adult female of Phrynopus miroslawae sp. nov. (MHNC 6469, holotype, SVL 29.1 mm) in dorsolateral (A), ventral (B) and dorsal (C) views. Photos by J. C. C." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181939/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) from Santa Bárbara, Distrito de Huancabamba, Provincia de Oxapampa,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE6E8FFFFD00F18FDE1B511FDF71953" box="[633,723,856,882]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.363" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="3363.0">3363 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l. (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A23DDFFD00F18FCBBB511FCF51953" box="[803,977,856,882]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" precision="1" value="-10.337167">10° 20' 13.8"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE2A23DDFFD00F18FC47B511FBBE1953" box="[991,1178,856,882]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" precision="1" value="-75.64647">75° 38' 47.3"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), Departmento Pasco,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD00F18FF0FB5C9FFF419BB" box="[151,208,896,922]" name="Peru" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, collected by J. C. Chaparro, A. Quiroz and D. Salcedo on
|
||
<date id="FFA063DAFFD00F18FC1BB5C9FB6719BB" box="[899,1091,896,922]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" value="2007-08-30">30 August 2007</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3041691FFD00F1BFF5EB5EEFBFB1F1B" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD00F18FF5EB5EEFA201EFB" blockId="1.[151,1436,815,1362]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD00F18FF5EB5EEFE6219E0" bold="true" box="[198,326,935,961]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
(1) A medium-sized species (SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CE6E8FFFFD00F18FD7BB5E1FC6B19E3" box="[739,847,936,962]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.91" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="29.1">29.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
), body robust, legs moderately short (TL+FL 74% SVL); (2) tympanic membrane and annulus absent; (3) first finger slightly shorter than second; (4) tips of digits bulbous, not expanded laterally; (5) toes without basal webbing or fringes; (6) two metatarsal tubercles, inner larger than outer; tarsal fold absent, outer edge of tarsus with a row of subconical tubercles; (7) dorsal skin covered with small, round regular warts, with larger warts towards flanks and occipital region; dorsolateral, occipital and supratympanic folds prominent; ventral skin areolate, throat with small round granules; (8) snout rounded in dorsal view and in profile; (9) dorsum gray with large bold black blotches; (10) venter cream with small, scattered bold black blotches; (11) dentigerous processes of vomers and teeth absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD00F18FF0FB2A1FE241F73" blockId="1.[151,1436,815,1362]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FF0FB2A1FE831F20" box="[151,423,1256,1281]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD00F18FF0FB2A1FE831F20" box="[151,423,1256,1281]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">Phrynopus miroslawae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unique among other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FD5EB2A1FC611F20" box="[710,837,1256,1281]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD00F18FD5EB2A1FC611F20" box="[710,837,1256,1281]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">Phrynopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having the combination of warty dorsum with prominent dorsolateral, occipital and supratympanic folds, areolate belly, and grey dorsum with large bold blotches.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF611592FFD00F18FF0FB092FC391D34" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181939/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" targetBox="[151,1435,1421,1729]" targetPageId="1">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD00F18FF0FB092FC391D34" blockId="1.[151,1436,1755,1813]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD00F18FF0FB092FE3D1CD2" bold="true" box="[151,281,1755,1779]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Living adult female of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FD8DB095FC281CD2" box="[533,780,1756,1779]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD00F18FD8DB095FC281CD2" box="[533,780,1756,1779]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">Phrynopus miroslawae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2592473FFD00F18FC8AB092FC431CD2" box="[786,871,1755,1779]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD00F18FC8AB092FC431CD2" bold="true" box="[786,871,1755,1779]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(MHNC 6469, holotype, SVL 29.1 mm) in dorsolateral (A), ventral (B) and dorsal (C) views. Photos by J. C. C.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD00F1BFF5EB100FEF61ECB" blockId="1.[151,1436,1865,2011]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,152,1978]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="51" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Twenty other species of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD00F18FE65B100FCDF1DAB" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FE65B100FD581D43" box="[509,636,1865,1890]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Phrynopus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FD0AB100FC3F1D43" box="[658,795,1865,1890]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auriculatus">auriculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FCB5B100FC841D43" box="[813,928,1865,1890]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ayacucho">ayacucho</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FC2AB100FB101D43" box="[946,1076,1865,1890]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barthlenae">barthlenae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FBDEB100FBB01D43" box="[1094,1172,1865,1890]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bracki">bracki</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FB3EB100FA281D43" box="[1190,1292,1865,1890]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bufoides">bufoides</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FA86B100FABC1D43" box="[1310,1432,1865,1890]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dagmarae">dagmarae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FF0FB138FE351DAB" box="[151,273,1905,1930]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heimorum">heimorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FE86B138FEBD1DAB" box="[286,409,1905,1930]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horstpauli">horstpauli</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FE3FB138FD051DAB" box="[423,545,1905,1930]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="juninensis">juninensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FDB7B138FD921DAB" box="[559,694,1905,1930]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kauneorum">kauneorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
, kotosh,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FCB8B138FCAE1DAB" box="[800,906,1905,1930]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montium">montium</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FC00B138FCDF1DAB" box="[920,1019,1905,1930]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicoleae" status="sp. nov.">nicoleae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2592473FFD00F18FB9CB139FB401DAB" box="[1028,1124,1904,1930]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD00F18FB9CB139FB401DAB" bold="true" box="[1028,1124,1904,1930]" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD00F18FBEDB138FD7F1D93" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FBEDB138FBF11DAB" box="[1141,1237,1905,1930]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oblivius">oblivius</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FB7AB138FA641DAB" box="[1250,1344,1905,1930]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucari">paucari</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FAD6B138FFE61D93" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruanus">peruanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FF4AB1D0FE661D93" box="[210,322,1945,1970]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pesantesi">pesantesi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FEC9B1D0FEEF1D93" box="[337,459,1945,1970]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tautzorum">tautzorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FE42B1D0FD731D93" box="[474,599,1945,1970]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thompsoni">thompsoni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FD04B1D0FC351D93" box="[668,785,1945,1970]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tribulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD00F18FD04B1D0FC351D93" box="[668,785,1945,1970]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">tribulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) are currently known. The species most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FA1EB1D0FE3B1DFB" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD00F18FA1EB1D0FE3B1DFB" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">P. miroslawae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FEDCB188FEC61DFB" box="[324,482,1985,2010]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barthlenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD00F18FEDCB188FEC61DFB" box="[324,482,1985,2010]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">P. barthlenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FDBAB188FDEC1DFB" box="[546,712,1985,2010]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD00F18FDBAB188FDEC1DFB" box="[546,712,1985,2010]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">P. miroslawae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from it by having (characteristics of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD00F18FB46B188FA581DFB" box="[1246,1404,1985,2010]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barthlenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD00F18FB46B188FA581DFB" box="[1246,1404,1985,2010]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="50">P. barthlenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in parentheses) throat with small granules (absent), toes lacking webbing (basal webbing between all toes), dorsolateral folds present (absent), and venter cream with small scattered black blotches (pale grey and marmorated with black); in addition,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFD8AB6A1FD911B20" box="[530,693,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. m i ro s l a w a e</emphasis>
|
||
occurs in dwarf forest or the upper limits of the cloud forest, while
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFF47B759FE5E1B08" box="[223,378,272,297]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barthlenae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFF47B759FE5E1B08" box="[223,378,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. barthlenae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inhabits the puna or grassland. Superficially,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFC16B759FB091B08" box="[910,1069,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. m i ro s l a w a e</emphasis>
|
||
is similar to
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFB50B759FA781B08" box="[1224,1372,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFB50B759FA731B08" box="[1224,1367,272,297]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ayacucho">P. ayacucho</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from which it differs by having continuous dorsolateral folds (discontinuous in
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFB84B771FB9A1B70" box="[1052,1214,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFB84B771FB951B70" box="[1052,1201,312,337]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ayacucho">P. ayacucho</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
tympanic annulus absent (present), and venter cream with small black blotches (uniformly tan).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFBAFB729FA631B58" box="[1079,1351,352,377]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFBAFB729FA631B58" box="[1079,1351,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Phrynopus miroslawae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFF40B7C1FE4B1B80" box="[216,367,392,417]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="horstpauli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFF40B7C1FE4B1B80" box="[216,367,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. horstpauli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFEE7B7C1FDB81B80" box="[383,668,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFEE7B7C1FED91B80" box="[383,509,392,417]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oblivius">P. oblivius</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFD92B7C1FDBC1B80" box="[522,664,392,417]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pesantesi">P. pesantesi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFD40B7C1FC491B80" box="[728,877,392,417]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tautzorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFD40B7C1FC491B80" box="[728,877,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. tautzorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having dorsolateral folds present (absent in these species);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFED4B7F9FED71BE8" box="[332,499,432,457]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFED4B7F9FED71BE8" box="[332,499,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. miroslawae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks vomerine teeth and has digital tips bulbous (vomerine teeth present and digital tips weakly swollen or rounded in
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFD1AB791FCE91BD0" box="[642,973,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFD1AB791FC3D1BD0" box="[642,793,472,497]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dagmarae">P. dagmarae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFCBDB791FCED1BD0" box="[805,969,472,497]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kauneorum">P. kauneorum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFB9FB791FA161BD0" box="[1031,1330,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
|
||
P. k o t o s h);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFB14B791FA161BD0" box="[1164,1330,472,497]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae">P. miroslawae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has venter, chest, and groin cream, and possesses dorsolateral occipital folds (venter red and yellow and dorsolateral folds absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFEDFB461FEFE1860" box="[327,474,552,577]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heimorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFEDFB461FEFE1860" box="[327,474,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. heimorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFE6BB461FDB31860" box="[499,663,552,577]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFE6BB461FDB31860" box="[499,663,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. miroslawae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has areolate venter (smooth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFB9BB461FB871860" box="[1027,1187,552,577]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kauneorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFB9BB461FB871860" box="[1027,1187,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. kauneorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFB43B461FA4A1860" box="[1243,1390,552,577]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="juninensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFB43B461FA4A1860" box="[1243,1390,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. juninensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFA1EB461FE3B1848" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFA1EB461FE3B1848" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. miroslawae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks tympanic membrane (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFD79B419FC4E1848" box="[737,874,592,617]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFD79B419FC4E1848" box="[737,874,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. peruanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFC1BB419FB031848" box="[899,1063,592,617]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFC1BB419FB031848" box="[899,1063,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. miroslawae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has warty dorsum, conspicuous dorsolateral folds and supratympanic fold (dorsum with conical tubercles, discontinuous dorsolateral folds, and supratympanic fold weak in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFDB3B4E9FD831898" box="[555,679,672,697]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paucari">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFDB3B4E9FD831898" box="[555,679,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. paucari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFD5CB4E9FC491898" box="[708,877,672,697]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFD5CB4E9FC491898" box="[708,877,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. miroslawae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has well-defined dorsolateral folds and small warts on dorsum (heavily warty dorsum, with large round warts forming three longitudinal rows in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFA1EB481FFDE1928" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bufoides">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFA1EB481FFDE1928" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. bufoides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFE8CB4B9FE9F1928" box="[276,443,752,777]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFE8CB4B9FE9F1928" box="[276,443,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. miroslawae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks tympanum and tympanic membrane (ventral part of tympanic annulus visible externally in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFEAFB551FE991910" box="[311,445,792,817]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFEAFB551FE991910" box="[311,445,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. montium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFE41B551FDA51910" box="[473,641,792,817]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFE41B551FDA51910" box="[473,641,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. miroslawae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has first finger shorter than second and tarsus bearing subconical tubercles (Fingers I and II equal in length and tarsum smooth in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFC39B509FB1E1978" box="[929,1082,832,857]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thompsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFC39B509FB1E1978" box="[929,1082,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. thompsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Three species (two of them described recently; Duellman & Hedges, 2008) occur in sympatry not far from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A5FBB8FFD30F1BFBFCB521FBB219A3" box="[1124,1174,872,898]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFA85B521FEDC1988" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
|
||
P. m i ro s l a - wae:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFF40B5D9FE591988" box="[216,381,912,937]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="auriculatus">P. auriculatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFE12B5D9FED11988" box="[394,501,912,937]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bracki">P. bracki</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFDABB5D9FDE11988" box="[563,709,912,937]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tribulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFDABB5D9FDE11988" box="[563,709,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. tribulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A5FBB8FFD30F1BFD4DB5D9FC2D198B" box="[725,777,912,938]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE6E8FFFFD30F1BFCEEB5D9FCED198B" box="[886,969,912,938]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" unit="km" value="5.5">5.5 km</quantity>
|
||
E Oxapampa,
|
||
<quantity id="4CE6E8FFFFD30F1BFBE0B5D9FBF1198B" box="[1144,1237,912,938]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" unit="m" value="2600.0">2600 m</quantity>
|
||
; this locality lies
|
||
<quantity id="4CE6E8FFFFD30F1BFF0FB5F1FFC619F3" box="[151,226,952,978]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" unit="km" value="38.0">38 km</quantity>
|
||
airline SE Santa Bárbara, on mountains at the opposite side of the Oxapampa valley). From
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFAB0B5F1FFF419D8" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. a u r i c u - latus</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFE91B5A9FD0019D8" box="[265,548,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFE91B5A9FE5019D8" box="[265,372,992,1017]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bracki">P. bracki</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFE18B5A9FD0019D8" box="[384,548,992,1017]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae">P. miroslawae</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
differs by being larger, having dorsal skin coarsely warty with conspicuous dorsolateral folds, venter areolate, and lacking vomerine teeth; from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFC52B241FB7A1E00" box="[970,1118,1032,1057]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tribulosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFC52B241FB7A1E00" box="[970,1118,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. tribulosus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
it differs by having dorsal skin coarsely warty with conspicuous dorsolateral folds, and venter areolate. In addition to morphological and color pattern differences, due to the high degree of species endemism in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFB85B211FBB81E50" box="[1053,1180,1112,1137]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFB85B211FBB81E50" box="[1053,1180,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Phrynopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(and in similar high Andean genera) it is extremely unlikely that allopatric populations are conspecific (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD30F1BFBFDB2C9FBAD1EBB" box="[1125,1161,1152,1178]" name="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">De</collectingCountry>
|
||
la
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8F38EBFFD30F1BFB34B2C9FA161EBB" author="Riva" box="[1196,1330,1152,1178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="57" refString="De la Riva, I. (2007) Bolivian frogs of the genus Phrynopus, with the description of twelve new species (Anura: Brachycephalidae). Herpetological Monographs, 21, 242 - 278." type="journal article" year="2007">Riva, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). A sympatric species,
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFEDCB2E1FEE51EE0" box="[324,449,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. n i c o l e a e</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFE54B2EEFD0E1EE0" bold="true" box="[460,554,1191,1217]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
, described herein, is clearly distinguished from
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFBC7B2E1FA251EE0" box="[1119,1281,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. m i ro s l a w a e</emphasis>
|
||
(see diagnosis of
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFF45B299FE7D1EC8" box="[221,345,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">P. n i c o l e a e</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFEFCB286FEE51EC8" bold="true" box="[356,449,1231,1257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD30F1BFF5EB2B1FBFB1F1B" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,1978]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Species from southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD30F1BFE4DB2B1FD2E1F33" box="[469,522,1272,1298]" name="Peru" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD30F1BFDDCB2B1FDBE1F33" box="[580,666,1272,1298]" name="Bolivia" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||
formerly placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFC1BB2B1FB261F30" box="[899,1026,1272,1297]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFC1BB2B1FB261F30" box="[899,1026,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Phrynopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are now placed in different genera (Hedges et al., 2008), and comparing them with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD30F1BFD56B369FC691F18" box="[718,845,1312,1337]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFD56B369FC691F18" box="[718,845,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Phrynopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD30F1BFC6AB369FB0C1F1B" box="[1010,1064,1312,1338]" name="Peru" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
is unnecessary.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3041691FFD30F1AFF5EB30EFE3C1DBF" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD30F1BFF5EB30EFFD21D9B" blockId="2.[151,1436,152,1978]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD30F1BFF5EB30EFD031F40" bold="true" box="[198,551,1351,1377]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A5FBB8FFD30F1BFE2DB30EFD071F40" box="[437,547,1351,1377]" pageId="2" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Body robust; dorsal skin coarsely warty, with enlarged warts in occipital region and flanks; small tubercles on upper eyelid; dorsolateral folds prominent, from above arms to the level of sacral region; a pair of oblique prominent occipital folds; a slender middorsal fold; ventral skin areolate; pectoral fold present; head wider than long; HW 39% of SVL, HL 33% of SVL; snout short, rounded in dorsal view and in profile; nostrils prominent, closer to eyes than to snout; canthus rostralis concave in dorsal view, sharp in frontal profile; eye-nostril distance 67% of eye length; loreal region slightly concave; cranial crests absent; tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus absent, skin of the tympanic area covered by low, round subconical tubercles; supratympanic fold prominent; tongue large, oval; choanae round, small, widely spaced; dentigerous processes of vomers absent; limbs moderately short; tips of digits bulbous, not expanded laterally; ulnar tubercle and fold absent; inner palmar tubercle single, elongate, flat, smaller than subtriangular outer; fingers moderately short, not fringed; subarticular tubercles large, round; supernumerary tubercles smaller and less prominent than subarticular tubercles; first finger shorter than second; relative length of fingers 1<2<4<3; tibia length 35% of SVL; tarsal fold absent; a row of tarsal subconical tubercles; two oval metatarsal tubercles, inner slightly larger than outer; supernumerary tubercles small, poorly defined; subarticular tubercles of toes round; toes lacking basal webbing or lateral fringes; relative length of toes 1<2<5=3<4; foot length 39% of SVL.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF611592FFD20F1AFF0FB317FFF11FB9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181940/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" targetBox="[151,1434,194,1349]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD20F1AFF0FB317FFF11FB9" blockId="3.[151,1436,1374,1432]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD20F1AFF0FB317FE3C1F57" bold="true" box="[151,280,1374,1398]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral views of hand (A), and foot (B) of adult female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD20F1AFCF4B316FB461F57" box="[876,1122,1375,1398]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD20F1AFCF4B316FB461F57" box="[876,1122,1375,1398]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Phrynopus miroslawae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2592473FFD20F1AFBF0B317FB991F57" box="[1128,1213,1374,1398]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD20F1AFBF0B317FB991F57" bold="true" box="[1128,1213,1374,1398]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(MHNC 6469, holotype).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD20F1AFF5DB385FB671C8F" blockId="3.[151,1436,1484,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
|
||
In life, the dorsum of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A5FBB8FFD20F1AFE77B385FD721FC7" box="[495,598,1484,1510]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was gray with bold black to dark brown blotches on middorsal regions, occipital region and interocular region. Most surfaces of flanks, ventral surfaces and dorsolateral folds were creamy-gray with few round black blotches; the upper lip was creamy-gray, with a fine brown stripe along the border; the eyelid and supratympanic fold were gray dorsally and bold black ventrally; the throat was cream; the belly, ventral surface of arms and legs were cream with few scattered black blotches; the fingers, toes and plantar surfaces were purplish-gray; the iris was bronze with black reticulations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD20F1AFF5DB0F5FA301D07" blockId="3.[151,1436,1484,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">In preservative the pattern is similar, with dorsal surfaces, head, and superior extremities dark gray and a black supratympanic stripe; most parts of the belly are cream with small black blotches; the throat is cream with black on the border of the lower lip; the palmar surfaces are creamy-gray; the groin is cream.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD20F1AFF5EB17DFE3C1DBF" blockId="3.[151,1436,1484,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD20F1AFF5EB17DFDE31D6F" bold="true" box="[198,711,1844,1870]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Measurements and proportions (in mm):</emphasis>
|
||
SVL, 29.2; HL, 9.7; HW, 11.4;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD20F1AFBDAB17DFB5D1D6F" box="[1090,1145,1844,1870]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">IND</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 2.5;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD20F1AFB21B17DFBDC1D6F" box="[1209,1272,1844,1870]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">END</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1.9; ED, 2.8; IOD, 4.4; EW, 2.3; TL, 10.2; FL, 11.4; HL/SVL, 0.33; HW/SVL, 0.39;
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD20F1AFC6FB115FB111D57" box="[1015,1077,1884,1910]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">END</collectingCountry>
|
||
/ED, 0.67; TL/SVL, 0.35; FL/ SVL, 0.39.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3041691FFD20F1AFF5EB1E5FC8D1DCF" pageId="3" pageNumber="52" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD20F1AFF5EB1E5FC8D1DCF" blockId="3.[151,1436,1484,2030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD20F1AFF5EB1E5FE771DE7" bold="true" box="[198,339,1964,1990]" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The name is a patronym for Miroslawa Jagielko (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD20F1AFC02B1E5FCCB1DE7" box="[922,1007,1964,1990]" name="Poland" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Poland</collectingCountry>
|
||
) in recognition of her friendship and her support of taxonomic research and nature conservation in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD20F1AFCF4B19DFC821DCF" box="[876,934,2004,2030]" name="Peru" pageId="3" pageNumber="52">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3041691FFD50F1DFF5EB6DEFA411B08" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BA1451AFFD50F1DFF5EB6DEFA411B08" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,298]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD50F1DFF5EB6DEFD7B1A90" bold="true" box="[198,607,151,177]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Distribution and natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD50F1DFDFFB6D1FC511A90" box="[615,885,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="miroslawae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD50F1DFDFFB6D1FC511A90" box="[615,885,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Phrynopus miroslawae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from Santa Bárbara, Distrito de Huancabamba, Provincia de Oxapampa, Departamento Pasco,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F309058AFFD50F1DFC1BB689FC981AFB" box="[899,956,192,218]" name="Peru" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at
|
||
<quantity id="4CE6E8FFFFD50F1DFC70B689FB671AFB" box="[1000,1091,192,218]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.363" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="3363.0">3363 m</quantity>
|
||
a. s. l. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1325599FFFD50F1DFB30B689FBD51AFB" box="[1192,1265,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1241,1265]" captionTargetBox="[418,1171,356,1214]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[415,1171,354,1217]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Map of western South America with a square indicating the type locality of Phrynopus miroslawae sp. nov. and Phrynopus nicoleae sp. nov. in Peru." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181941/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). This species inhabits elfin forest or “ceja de montaña” (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1325599FFFD50F1DFD0FB6A1FDC41B23" box="[663,736,232,258]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[152,256,1580,1604]" captionTargetBox="[445,1141,634,1564]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[445,1141,634,1564]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Habitat at the type locality of Phrynopus miroslawae sp. nov. (A) and Phrynopus nicoleae sp. nov. (B) on August 2007." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/181942/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Specimens were collected during the dry season inside moss. Other amphibians found in sympatry were
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD50F1DFD41B759FCFB1B08" box="[729,991,272,297]" class="Amphibia" family="Hemiphractidae" genus="Gastrotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griswoldi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD50F1DFD41B759FCFB1B08" box="[729,991,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Gastrotheca griswoldi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1E3E99FFD50F1DFB8FB759FA251B08" box="[1047,1281,272,297]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nicoleae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD50F1DFB8FB759FA251B08" box="[1047,1281,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">Phrynopus nicoleae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2592473FFD50F1DFA90B746FA411B08" box="[1288,1381,271,297]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B96A9908FFD50F1DFA90B746FA411B08" bold="true" box="[1288,1381,271,297]" pageId="4" pageNumber="53">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |