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<mods:title id="65F6A8AC313A38B6406B95986966AD30">Geographic distribution of the hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae) of the world by countries and territories</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="63F6CB857C0464E95B51A488510C7C1E">Guglielmone, Alberto A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5CBC74AAE4D3A25FC52E4A538F193097">Robbins, Richard G.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F5AC75ABABF8BA5B704FF7D" box="[151,618,150,177]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F5AC75ABABF8BA5B704FF7D" blockId="49.[151,1437,150,465]" box="[151,618,150,177]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F5AC75ABABF8BA5B5D4FF7D" bold="true" box="[151,186,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">56.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F5AC75ABAE88BA4B708FF7D" ID-CoL="65ZKL" authority="Neumann, 1906" authorityName="Neumann" authorityYear="1906" box="[192,614,150,177]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtum">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F5AC75ABAE88BA4B4C6FF7D" bold="true" box="[192,424,150,177]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Amblyomma hirtum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F5AC75ABB988BA5B708FF7D" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[432,614,151,177]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="195 - 219" refId="ref235368" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1906) Notes sur les Ixodides. IV. Archives de Parasitologie, 10, 195 - 219." type="journal article" year="1906">Neumann, 1906</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
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<paragraph id="8B80DB400F5AC75AB8598BA5B1DEFF7D" blockId="49.[151,1437,150,465]" box="[625,1200,151,177]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
Neotropical: 1)
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F5AC75AB90A8BA5B611FF7D" box="[802,895,151,177]" name="Ecuador" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F5AC75AB9A68BA5B1CAFF7D" author="Guglielmone, A. A. &amp; Nava, S. &amp; Robbins, R. G." box="[910,1188,151,177]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refId="ref199969" refString="Guglielmone, A. A., Nava, S. &amp; Robbins, R. G. (2021) Neotropical hard ticks (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae). A critical analysis of their taxonomy, distribution, and host relationships. Springer Nature Switzerland AG, Cham, 486 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 030 - 72353 - 8" type="book" year="2021">
Guglielmone
<emphasis id="B94B07520F5AC75ABE018BA5B10FFF7D" box="[1065,1121,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
2021
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32588CB0F5AC75ABAEF8B89B1F7FE1D" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F5AC75ABAEF8B89B78EFF35" blockId="49.[151,1437,150,465]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F5AC75ABAEF8B89B41EFF19" author="Keirans, J. E." box="[199,368,187,213]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref214695" refString="Keirans, J. E. (1992) Systematics of the Ixodida (Argasidae, Ixodidae, Nuttalliellidae): an overview and some problems. In: Fivaz, B., Petney, T., Horak, I. (Editors), Tick vector biology. Medical and veterinary aspects. Springer-Verlag. Berlin, New York and other cities, pp. 1 - 21. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 642 - 76643 - 5 _ 1" type="book chapter" year="1992">Keirans (1992)</bibRefCitation>
did not include
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<emphasis id="B94B07520F5AC75AB80C8B89B66CFF19" box="[548,770,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Amblyomma hirtum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in his list of ticks of the world, but that author endorsed the validity of this species in
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F5AC75ABB9E8BEDB7B2FF35" author="Guglielmone, A. A. &amp; Estrada-Pena, A. &amp; Keirans J. E. &amp; Robbins, R. G." box="[438,732,223,249]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refId="ref199234" refString="Guglielmone, A. A., Estrada-Pena, A., Keirans J. E. &amp; Robbins, R. G. (2003) Ticks (Acari: Ixodida) of the Neotropical Zoogeographic Region. Special Publication of the Integrated Consortium on Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases- 2, Atalanta, Houten, The Netherlands, 173 pp." type="book" year="2003">
Guglielmone
<emphasis id="B94B07520F5AC75AB8678BEDB7E6FF35" box="[591,648,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
(2003)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B80DB400F5AC75ABAEF8A31B1F7FE1D" blockId="49.[151,1437,150,465]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F5AC75ABAEF8A31B4C6FED1" box="[199,424,259,285]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtum">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F5AC75ABAEF8A31B4C6FED1" box="[199,424,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Amblyomma hirtum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described by
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F5AC75AB8AC8A31B628FED1" authority="Guglielmone &amp; Nava &amp; Robbins, 2023" authorityName="Guglielmone &amp; Nava &amp; Robbins" authorityYear="2023" box="[644,838,259,285]" pageId="49" pageNumber="231" rank="subGenus" status="subgen. nov." subGenus="Neumann">
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F5AC75AB8AC8A31B628FED1" author="Neumann, L. G." box="[644,838,259,285]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="195 - 219" refId="ref235368" refString="Neumann, L. G. (1906) Notes sur les Ixodides. IV. Archives de Parasitologie, 10, 195 - 219." type="journal article" year="1906">Neumann (1906)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from specimens collected in the Galápagos Islands and “lîle St. Paul,” an island that has been associated with Saint Paul´s Rocks, near the northeast coast of
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F5AC75ABF798A15B0F6FE8D" box="[1361,1432,295,321]" name="Brazil" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, by
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F5AC75ABA938A79B48CFEA9" author="Guglielmone, A. A. &amp; Estrada-Pena, A. &amp; Keirans J. E. &amp; Robbins, R. G." box="[187,482,331,357]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refId="ref199234" refString="Guglielmone, A. A., Estrada-Pena, A., Keirans J. E. &amp; Robbins, R. G. (2003) Ticks (Acari: Ixodida) of the Neotropical Zoogeographic Region. Special Publication of the Integrated Consortium on Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases- 2, Atalanta, Houten, The Netherlands, 173 pp." type="book" year="2003">
Guglielmone
<emphasis id="B94B07520F5AC75ABB7D8A79B4E3FEA9" box="[341,397,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
(2003)
</bibRefCitation>
, but its presence there has not been confirmed.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F5AC75AB9D38A79B045FEA9" author="Dantas-Torres, F. &amp; Onofrio, V. C. &amp; Barros-Battesti, D. M." box="[1019,1323,331,357]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="30 - 46" refId="ref186443" refString="Dantas-Torres, F., Onofrio, V. C. &amp; Barros-Battesti, D. M. (2009) The ticks (Acari: Argasidae, Ixodidae) of Brazil. Systematic &amp; Applied Acarology, 14, 30 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.11158 / saa. 14.1.4" type="journal article" year="2009">
Dantas-Torres
<emphasis id="B94B07520F5AC75ABE888A79B1B7FEA9" box="[1184,1241,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">et al.</emphasis>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
doubt the presence of
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F5AC75ABB348A5DB497FE45" box="[284,505,367,393]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtum">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F5AC75ABB348A5DB497FE45" box="[284,505,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Amblyomma hirtum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F5AC75AB8328A5DB70CFE45" box="[538,610,367,393]" name="Brazil" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F5AC75AB8438A5DB67EFE45" author="Hooker, W. A." box="[619,784,367,393]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="403 - 428" refId="ref208628" refString="Hooker, W. A. (1909) The geographical distribution of American ticks. Journal of Economic Entomology, 2, 403 - 428. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jee / 2.6.403" type="journal article" year="1909">Hooker (1909)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFAEA6B10F5AC75AB96B8A5DB162FE45" author="Thompson, G. B." box="[835,1036,366,393]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="220 - 229" refId="ref258944" refString="Thompson, G. B. (1950) Ticks in Jamaica, B. W. I. Records and notes (including a summary of the distribution of the West Indian species). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 3, 220 - 229. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935008654709" type="journal article" year="1950">Thompson (1950)</bibRefCitation>
listed
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F5AC75ABE7C8A5DB05FFE45" box="[1108,1329,367,393]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtum">
<emphasis id="B94B07520F5AC75ABE7C8A5DB05FFE45" box="[1108,1329,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Amblyomma hirtum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as part of the ixodid fauna of the Caribbean island of
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F5AC75AB8558AA1B669FE61" box="[637,775,403,429]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
, but that island is another doubtful locality for this species. Therefore,
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F5AC75ABB3C8A85B436FE1D" box="[276,344,439,465]" name="Brazil" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Brazil</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3289BD00F5AC75ABBA68A85B77BFE1D" box="[398,533,439,465]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
are not included within the range of
<emphasis id="B94B07520F5AC75AB99B8A85B1F7FE1D" box="[947,1177,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
<taxonomicName id="4C3FA0C30F5AC75AB99B8A85B1FAFE1D" box="[947,1172,439,465]" class="Arachnida" family="Ixodidae" genus="Amblyomma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ixodida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirtum">Amblyomma hirtum</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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