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<mods:title id="5A836E037917EF7BCA02594DC7C58BAD">A new classification system and taxonomic synopsis for Malpighiaceae (Malpighiales, Rosids) based on molecular phylogenetics, morphology, palynology, and chemistry</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D3C285F2F193D4AE0EB16323EA635A20">de Almeida, Rafael F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="33D6DCE6E82F0BF2CD4FA0C5E63644E4">Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Sudoeste, Quirinópolis, Goiás, Brazil &amp; Royal Botanical Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BD1F63DE5C53E8692247F3EAE7FD9B54">de Morais, Isa L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EA5ADA24F817E5A774F1DD7D8F7CDA74">Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Sudoeste, Quirinópolis, Goiás, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FED3B30E7DD158523737359FD3BD9BD1">Alves-Silva, Thais</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="064BE0086A4729E47A5DBAA41A6F3CD1">Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Sudoeste, Quirinópolis, Goiás, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="253A2291D4B9AD2AF343AA19A3CA816B">Antonio-Domingues, Higor</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3AA474C9F4ADF2FFB528BE074203EF0B">Pellegrini, Marco O. O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C9EE0EC03D1BE162C94F8976078A58D3">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F5F65FCE442D57D2EDCB3FB0C736B1A1">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="B718D9ACBF85F6E29291D151E21B6C52">2024-05-22</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="D694838F3C342FF46ACAE2DDF0F07448" type="DOI">10.3897/phytokeys.242.117469</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="C2696B6480EE5311AAB0DEAB75ADA770" ID-arpha="C2696B64-80EE-5311-AAB0-DEAB75ADA770" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C2696B6480EE5311AAB0DEAB75ADA770" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C2696B6480EE5311AAB0DEAB75ADA770">
<subSubSection id="C27790A0DE41E07BF52D40226BA57882" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3D2DE08E2E0EBC11C21CDA3BEE679DBE">
<heading id="E6A19722387D17B1E274AAC445420331" reason="label">2.9. 10.</heading>
<taxonomicName id="2777461885593A408BE5A0F72E07340D" ID-CoL="6K5W" authority="A. Juss., Fl. Bras. Merid." authorityName="A. Juss., Fl. Bras. Merid." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malpighiaceae" genus="Peixotoa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0DA803D0766483AEB67092C772E2E679" italics="true">Peixotoa</emphasis>
A. Juss., Fl. Bras. Merid.
</taxonomicName>
(quarto ed.) 3 (22): 59. 1832 [1833].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A4C839CD795BBBA8B0C64F8216C0B5BD" type="description">
<paragraph id="1FC0A502DDB6F294DA23ACA555E31E59">
<figureCitation id="A08FF675D85D724E8454681287E2DA28" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Phyllotaxis, stipules, and petioles of Malpighiaceae A branch with opposite leaves of Bronwenia megaptera B branch with decussate leaves of Verrucularina glaucophylla C branch with alternate leaves of Stigmaphyllon angustilobum D branch with verticillate leaves of Pterandra pyroidea E interpetiolar stipules of Mascagnia cordifolia F epipetiolar stipules of Byrsonima intermedia G free stipules of Hiraea hatschbachii H connate stipules of Peixotoa catarinensis I transverse section of a circular petiole J transverse section of a plane-convex petiole K transverse section of a canaliculate petiole L leaf with very reduced petiole of Byrsonima basiloba M leaf with short petiole of Banisteriopsis adenopoda N leaf with long petiole of Stigmaphyllon caatingicola O alternate glands on the petiole of Banisteriopsis membranifolia P opposite to alternate glands on the petiole of Schwannia mediterranea Q subopposite glands on the petiole of Banisteriopsis membranifolia R discoid and sessile gland of Banisteriopsis laevifolia S cupuliform and stalked glands of Banisteriopsis adenopoda (line drawings and photographs A C, G, I K, L O, Q S by R. F. Almeida; D by C. Silva, E, F, H, P by M. O. O. Pellegrini)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.242.117469.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1053706">Figs 3 H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="83274830BCBE05BDA6D5CC843BB306DB" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Sepals, glands, and petals of Malpighiaceae flowers A sepals with rounded apex of Hiptage benghalensis and sessile sepal gland B sepals with acute apex of Christianella multiglandulosa and sessile sepal glands C sepals with acute apex of Byrsonima gardneriana and sessile sepal glands D stalked sepal glands of Heladena multiflora E white petals of Acmanthera latifolia F pale yellow glands of Bunchosia glandulifera G yellow glands of Mcvaughia sergipana H pale green glands of Bronwenia megaptera I green glands of Camarea axillaris J yellow and deflexed petals of Byrsonima sericea K white glands of Acmanthera parviflora L pink glands of Heteropterys rubiginosa M brown glands of Amorimia pellegrinii N red glands of Niedenzuella poeppigiana O yellow and patent petals of Ptilochaeta bahiensis P oval petal limb of Galphimia gracilis Q elliptic petal limb of Heteropterys oberdanii R obovate petal limb of Bronwenia megaptera S pubescent petal surface of Diplopterys bahiana T orange-red petals of Tetrapterys phlomoides U entire margin of the petal of Heteropterys oberdanii V erose margin of the petal of Bronwenia megaptera W fimbriate margin of the petal of Schwannia schwannioides X dentate margin of the petal of Peixotoa hispidula Y glandular-fimbriate margin of the petal of Alicia anisopetala Z lilac petals of Mascagnia lilacina (A, C, F H, I, J, L S, U W by R. F. Almeida; B, N, T, Y by M. O. O. Pellegrini; D by A. Francener; E by R. Goldenberg; Z by O. J. A. Ayala)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.242.117469.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1053711">8 X</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="35A3ECFC399C7CCFF7CBCA844B7333C7" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Androecium and gynoecium of Malpighiaceae A stamen of Banisteriopsis multifoliolata showing filament in green, anther in orange, glandular connective in blue, and pollen sacs in yellow B scanning electron micrograph of an anther of Banisteriopsis multifoliolata C SEM of a pollen grain of Banisteriopsis multifoliolata showing colpi in blue and endoaperture in red D heteromorphic stamen ring with 10 fertile stamens of Banisteriopsis multifoliolata E homomorphic stamen ring of Bronwenia megaptera with 10 fertile stamens F heteromorphic stamen ring of Peixotoa hispidula showing 5 fertile stamens and 5 staminodes in yellow G 6 fertile and free stamens of Schwannia hexandra H gynoecium of Banisteriopsis multifoliolata showing ovary in lilac, styles in blue and stigmas in yellow I uncinate apex of styles of Amorimia septentrionalis J truncate style apex of Amorimia rigida K subulate apex of style of Byrsonima sericea L 3 parallel and erect styles of Bronwenia megaptera M single curved style of Schwannia hexandra N 3 divergent styles of Stigmaphyllon blanchetii with foliate apices O 3 erect, slightly curved, and pubescent styles of Diplopterys lutea P 3 divergent styles of Stigmaphyllon lalandianum with reduced foliate apices Q 3 divergent styles of Stigmaphyllon glabrum without foliate apex (all line drawings by K. Souza; SEMs by R. F. Almeida; all scales: 1 mm, except for the pollen grain: 10 µm)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.242.117469.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1053712">9 F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D164A720B3F36D625295CE1C0A081D74" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Types of winged schizocarpic fruits in Malpighiaceae A single dorsal winged mericarp of Diplopterys pubipetala showing lateral wings B detail of part of the winged mericarp of Banisteriopsis argyrophylla C, D 1 dorsal winged mericarp (s) of Heteropterys byrsonimifolia E winged mericarp of Peixotoa catharinensis showing lateral winglets F winged mericarp of Amorimia candidae with two lateral wings more developed than the reduced dorsal wing G winged mericarp of Lophopterys floribunda H winged mericarp of Carolus chasei with two lateral wings more developed (dorsal wing absent) I winged mericarp of Mascagnia sepium with 1 lateral orbicular wing J winged mericarp of Tetrapterys phlomoides with 4 free, lateral wings (superior ones longer, inferior ones shorter) K winged mericarp of Glicophyllum cardiophyllum with 4 free, lateral wings (superior ones shorter, inferior ones longer) L winged mericarp of Niedenzuella acutifolia with 4 free, equalling lateral wings M winged mericarp of Hiptage benghalensis with three free, lateral wings more developed (photographs A by A. Popovkin; B, E, I, J by M. O. O. Pellegrini; C, D, F, H, K, L by R. F. Almeida; G by G. Shimizu; M by G. Cahyadi)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.242.117469.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1053714">11 E</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EM6EM" type="type species">
<paragraph id="B0EA983854B89056175B922860AD634E">
<heading id="7926D007FB77D23C3C21131FD686A5C7" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="51D43E64739D99CC775EF078933572DA">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5AEF020ADF137B3D668B2D4A65F83355">
<taxonomicName id="51E1C5C3DB201BB25503F83D10FF9AEF" authority="A. Juss." authorityName="A. Juss." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malpighiaceae" genus="Peixotoa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabra">
<emphasis id="9B7CC6C819191619F084DEC3C326A75B" italics="true">Peixotoa glabra</emphasis>
A. Juss.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E46EM" type="notes">
<paragraph id="2E2E150CBE6EA9BB75DAD6B6EB4F0C35">
<heading id="7EF06E3E8CB1DE867674F9D882015458" reason="title">Notes.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D9CBDC5430252392CA295C9764A94DCD">
<taxonomicName id="D322401343547C9FCF6430CDE83F7196" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malpighiaceae" genus="Peixotoa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="050A9386905229F56D36CC5C5D6B3825" italics="true">Peixotoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
comprises 29 currently accepted species (18 threatened species; Suppl. material
<xref id="7672D9E9807321CE815D9F5C6CEFEBD9" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S1">1</xref>
) of shrubs, subshrubs or lianas endemic to rainforests, savannas, and seasonally dry tropical forests of
<collectingCountry id="4A29F5DCBB808FA07FFF2EB8139DFCD3" name="Bolivia">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="15B7AFB21B125545EA2E00731D9CC575" name="Brazil">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="777E47D6D2499086FE1064A755AB2083" name="Paraguay">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
, South America (
<bibRefCitation id="36D2437B0DE9F18D1EE202B14EA75667" refId="B90" refString="POWO (2024) Plants of the World Online. Facilitated by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/ [Accessed 26. 11. 2023]" url="http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/" year="2024">POWO 2024</bibRefCitation>
). For an identification key for all species of
<taxonomicName id="73398B1658E68C9F946688660FA30F96" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malpighiaceae" genus="Peixotoa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="82BF9103620DDD264E0532101A15932F" italics="true">Peixotoa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFA80F14BAB689131030D0894FA7A4BE" author="Anderson" firstAuthor="Anderson" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the University of Michigan Herbarium" pagination="1-92" refId="B19" refString="Anderson CE (1982) A monograph of the genus Peixotoa (Malpighiaceae). Contributions from the University of Michigan Herbarium 15: 192." title="A monograph of the genus Peixotoa (Malpighiaceae)." volume="15" year="1982">Anderson (1982</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="E27162E1887B49829D472F4D1C855A76" author="Anderson CE" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the University of Michigan Herbarium" pagination="49-52" refId="B27" refString="Anderson CE (2001 b) Peixotoa floribunda (Malpighiaceae), a new species from Paraguay. Contributions from the University of Michigan Herbarium 23: 4952." title="Peixotoa floribunda (Malpighiaceae), a new species from Paraguay." volume="23">2001 b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>