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<document id="D2EEDEDCC044FD41EC7A0DE8F6D0A09A" ID-CLB-Dataset="29095" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4455.3.13" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b70dedd9-d080-4354-9ced-3928e81c63b6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1457393" ID-ZooBank="ED39FED3-C3B5-4103-BE97-6E3192A15399" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1539262450484" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Wu, Shipher &amp; Owada, Mamoru" docDate="2018" docId="03F9860FFF86A218CBACF99DFBB64B15" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4455.3.13.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4455 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hoplodrina cienensis Wu &amp; Owada 2018, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="576" masterDocId="FFC0FE77FF85A21DCB3BFFB7FFE64928" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Hoplodrina implacata group (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinae: Caradrinini) of Taiwan, with descriptions of four new species" masterLastPageNumber="581" masterPageNumber="571" pageNumber="574" updateTime="1698575785680" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="36FC9D0F9D4E370DCF10ECA3B09933FC">Revision of the Hoplodrina implacata group (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinae: Caradrinini) of Taiwan, with descriptions of four new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="06574932C12B3CD981F55F9915A3660B">Wu, Shipher</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="5F2592179D0C23DCC5D5CFBDAD86EFE5">2018</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03F9860FFF86A218CBACF99DFBB64B15" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6488104" ID-GBIF-Taxon="148691325" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6488104" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F9860FFF86A218CBACF99DFBB64B15" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F9860FFF86A218CBACF99DFBB64B15" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="576" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
<subSubSection id="C34A6492FF86A21ECBACF99DFE6F4F4E" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEF3719FF86A21ECBACF99DFE1B4F6D" blockId="3.[151,509,1578,1638]" box="[151,509,1578,1605]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
<heading id="D0A78075FF86A21ECBACF99DFE1B4F6D" bold="true" box="[151,509,1578,1605]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF86A21ECBACF99DFE1B4F6D" bold="true" box="[151,509,1578,1605]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF86A21ECBACF99DFE7E4F6C" authority="Wu &amp; Owada, 2018" authorityName="Wu &amp; Owada" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,408,1578,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cienensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF86A21ECBACF99DFE7E4F6C" bold="true" box="[151,408,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Hoplodrina cienensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2175670FF86A21ECA9BF99CFE1B4F6D" box="[416,509,1579,1605]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF3719FF86A21ECBACF9FAFE6F4F4E" blockId="3.[151,509,1578,1638]" box="[151,393,1613,1638]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
(
<figureCitation id="136B2B9CFF86A21ECBA4F9FAFEE54F4E" box="[159,259,1613,1638]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–15" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1777,1800]" captionTargetBox="[246,1325,564,1741]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[246,1343,564,1768]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–15. Habitus of species of Hoplodrina implacata group. 1. H. implacata (Wileman &amp; West, 1929), female, holotype, Taiwan (©The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London); 2. Ditto, labels (©The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London); 3, 6. H. implacata, male, Taiwan; 4. H. cienensis sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (TFRI); 5. Ditto, paratype, female, Taiwan (TFRI); 7. H. obscura sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (TFRI); 8. Ditto, paratype, male, Taiwan (TFRI); 9. H. minimalis Kononenko, 1997, male, China (NSMT); 10. H. kononenkoi sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (TFRI); 11. Ditto, paratype, female, Taiwan (TFRI); 12. H. euryptera Boursin, 1937, male, Japan (NSMT); 13. H. bunun sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (NMNS); 14. Ditto, male, paratype, Taiwan (NSMT); 15. Ditto, paratype, female, Taiwan (NSMT). Scale bar= 10 mm. Photo by Shen-Horn Yen (1, 2); Shipher Wu (3–15)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457395/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Figs 4, 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136B2B9CFF86A21ECA34F9F9FECB4F4E" box="[271,301,1614,1638]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–23" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1712,1735]" captionTargetBox="[293,1283,512,1674]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[290,1296,481,1691]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 16–23. The male genitalia of the genus Hoplodrina species. 16. H. implacata (Wileman &amp; West, 1929), Taiwan (NSMT); 17. H. cienensis sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 18. H. obscura sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 19. H. kononenkoi sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 20. H. bunun sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (NMNS); 21. H. persequora Ronkay, Ronkay, Fu &amp; Wu, 2013, Taiwan (TFRI); 22. H. minimalis Kononenko, 1997, China (NSMT); 23. H. euryptera Boursin, 1937, Japan (NSMT). Photo by Shipher Wu." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457397/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">17</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136B2B9CFF86A21ECA02F9FAFEBE4F4E" box="[313,344,1613,1638]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–30" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1704,1727]" captionTargetBox="[254,1318,350,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[224,1362,337,1684]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 24–30. The female genitalia of Hoplodrina species 24. H. implacata (Wileman &amp; West, 1929), Taiwan, holotype (©The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London); 25. Ditto, Taiwan (NIAES); 26. H. cienensis sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 27. H. kononenkoi sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 28. H. bunun sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (NSMT); 29. H. persequora Ronkay, Ronkay, Fu &amp; Wu, 2013, Taiwan (TFRI); 30. H. euryptera Boursin, 1937, Japan (NSMT). Photo by Alberto Zilli (24); Daisuke Watabiki (25); Shipher Wu (26–30)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457399/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">26</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136B2B9CFF86A21ECA58F9F9FE664F4E" box="[355,384,1614,1638]" captionStart="FIGURES 31–34" captionStartId="9.[151,264,891,914]" captionTargetBox="[281,1305,193,870]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[281,1305,193,870]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 31–34. Life photos of the Hoplodrina species of Taiwan. 31. H. cienensis sp. nov., female, Ci’en; 32. H. obscura sp. nov., male, Guanwu; 33. H. kononenkoi sp. nov., male, Guanwu; 34. H. bunun sp. nov., male, Aowanda. Photo by Shipher Wu." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457401/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">31</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34A6492FF86A21ECBACF922FD924FDE" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEF3719FF86A21ECBACF922FD924FDE" blockId="3.[151,1437,1685,2034]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF86A21ECBACF922FEA04F86" bold="true" box="[151,326,1685,1710]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
<typeStatus id="54EB89BBFF86A21ECBACF922FF344F86" box="[151,210,1685,1710]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Type</typeStatus>
material.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="54EB89BBFF86A21ECA76F922FE5E4F86" box="[333,440,1685,1710]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="9D56FC90FF86A21ECAFEF921FE3A4F85" box="[453,476,1686,1709]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3477789FF86A21ECAD3F921FDB14F86" box="[488,599,1686,1710]" name="Taiwan" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">TAIWAN</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="4994F9FBFF86A21EC958F922FD5A4F86" box="[611,700,1685,1710]" country="Taiwan" name="Hualien" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Hualien</collectingRegion>
Co., Ci’en,
<quantity id="4CA89AFCFF86A21EC873F922FC464F85" box="[840,928,1685,1710]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" unit="m" value="1950.0">1950 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFEE11D9FF86A21EC897F921FBD54F86" box="[940,1075,1686,1710]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" value="2013-09-13">13-IX-2013</date>
, leg. S. Wu, preserved in
<collectionCode id="ED41AFDCFF86A21ECE63F921FA7E4F85" box="[1368,1432,1686,1709]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fitg-90ys" name="Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">TFRI</collectionCode>
;
<typeStatus id="54EB89BBFF86A21ECBACF90DFEE34FFA" box="[151,261,1722,1746]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="9D56FC90FF86A21ECA2BF90DFED04FFA" box="[272,310,1722,1746]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
, same collecting data as the
<typeStatus id="54EB89BBFF86A21EC94CF90EFD3A4FFA" box="[631,732,1721,1746]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, slide
<collectionCode id="ED41AFDCFF86A21EC81FF90EFC844FFA" box="[804,866,1721,1746]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fitg-90ys" name="Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">TFRI</collectionCode>
143016 (
<collectionCode id="ED41AFDCFF86A21EC8F8F90DFBE54FFA" box="[963,1027,1722,1746]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fitg-90ys" name="Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">TFRI</collectionCode>
) and
<collectionCode id="ED41AFDCFF86A21ECF79F90DFB664FFA" box="[1090,1152,1722,1746]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fitg-90ys" name="Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">TFRI</collectionCode>
143017 (
<collectionCode id="ED41AFDCFF86A21ECFD9F90DFAC34FFA" box="[1250,1317,1722,1746]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fitg-90ys" name="Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">TFRI</collectionCode>
);
<specimenCount id="9D56FC90FF86A21ECE03F90DFABD4FFA" box="[1336,1371,1722,1746]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
same collecting data, slide
<collectionCode id="ED41AFDCFF86A21ECABEF96AFE254FDE" box="[389,451,1757,1782]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fitg-90ys" name="Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">TFRI</collectionCode>
147658 (
<collectionCode id="ED41AFDCFF86A21EC91EF969FD8E4FDE" box="[549,616,1758,1782]" country="Taiwan" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/fitg-90ys" name="Taiwan Fisheries Research Institute" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">TFRI</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34A6492FF86A21ECBFCF8B6FAF74EDA" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BEF3719FF86A21ECBFCF8B6FAF74EDA" blockId="3.[151,1437,1685,2034]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF86A21ECBFCF8B6FEA74E32" bold="true" box="[199,321,1793,1818]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The new species is very similar to the Chinese
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF86A21EC847F8B5FB014E32" authority="Kononenko, 1997" authorityName="Kononenko" authorityYear="1997" box="[892,1255,1793,1818]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimalis">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF86A21EC847F8B5FBF64E31" box="[892,1040,1793,1817]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">H. minimalis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14AE8FF86A21ECF20F8B6FB014E32" box="[1051,1255,1793,1818]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" refId="ref7616" refString="Kononenko, V. S. (1997) A revision of the Hoplodrina implacata species complex (Noctuidae, Amphipyrinae), with descriptions of three new species from China. Japan Heterocerists Journal, 193, 291 - 297." type="journal article">Kononenko, 1997</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="136B2B9CFF86A21ECFC1F8B6FAA04E32" box="[1274,1350,1793,1818]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–15" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1777,1800]" captionTargetBox="[246,1325,564,1741]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[246,1343,564,1768]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–15. Habitus of species of Hoplodrina implacata group. 1. H. implacata (Wileman &amp; West, 1929), female, holotype, Taiwan (©The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London); 2. Ditto, labels (©The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London); 3, 6. H. implacata, male, Taiwan; 4. H. cienensis sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (TFRI); 5. Ditto, paratype, female, Taiwan (TFRI); 7. H. obscura sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (TFRI); 8. Ditto, paratype, male, Taiwan (TFRI); 9. H. minimalis Kononenko, 1997, male, China (NSMT); 10. H. kononenkoi sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (TFRI); 11. Ditto, paratype, female, Taiwan (TFRI); 12. H. euryptera Boursin, 1937, male, Japan (NSMT); 13. H. bunun sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (NMNS); 14. Ditto, male, paratype, Taiwan (NSMT); 15. Ditto, paratype, female, Taiwan (NSMT). Scale bar= 10 mm. Photo by Shen-Horn Yen (1, 2); Shipher Wu (3–15)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457395/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Figs 9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="136B2B9CFF86A21ECE6DF8B5FA954E32" box="[1366,1395,1794,1818]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–23" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1712,1735]" captionTargetBox="[293,1283,512,1674]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[290,1296,481,1691]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 16–23. The male genitalia of the genus Hoplodrina species. 16. H. implacata (Wileman &amp; West, 1929), Taiwan (NSMT); 17. H. cienensis sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 18. H. obscura sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 19. H. kononenkoi sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 20. H. bunun sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (NMNS); 21. H. persequora Ronkay, Ronkay, Fu &amp; Wu, 2013, Taiwan (TFRI); 22. H. minimalis Kononenko, 1997, China (NSMT); 23. H. euryptera Boursin, 1937, Japan (NSMT). Photo by Shipher Wu." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457397/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">19</figureCitation>
) in external appearance and genitalia.
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF86A21EC90FF892FCCC4E15" authorityName="Wu &amp; Owada" authorityYear="2018" box="[564,810,1829,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cienensis">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF86A21EC90FF892FCCC4E15" box="[564,810,1829,1853]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">Hoplodrina cienensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished in male genitalia by the more protruded valval apex; the apical margin of juxta excurved rather than concave; the more protruded saccus apex; the less developed cornuti. In female genitalia, the new species differs from the congeneric species by the presence of large distolateral half part of sclerotization in corpus bursae and the elongate bursae copulatrix. In female genitalia,
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF86A21ECA3EF801FE694EE5" authorityName="Wu &amp; Owada" authorityYear="2018" box="[261,399,1974,1997]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cienensis">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF86A21ECA3EF801FE694EE5" box="[261,399,1974,1997]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">H. cienensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF86A21EC91FF801FD514EE5" baseAuthorityName="Wileman &amp; West" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[548,695,1973,1997]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="implacata">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF86A21EC91FF801FD514EE5" box="[548,695,1973,1997]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">H. implacata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14AE8FF86A21EC9FDF802FC0E4EE6" box="[710,1000,1973,1998]" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" refId="ref7616" refString="Kononenko, V. S. (1997) A revision of the Hoplodrina implacata species complex (Noctuidae, Amphipyrinae), with descriptions of three new species from China. Japan Heterocerists Journal, 193, 291 - 297." type="journal article">Kononenko, 1997: fig. 11</bibRefCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF86A21ECF12F801FB5C4EE5" authorityName="Kononenko" authorityYear="1997" box="[1065,1210,1973,1997]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimalis">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF86A21ECF12F801FB5C4EE5" box="[1065,1210,1973,1997]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="574">H. minimalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC14AE8FF86A21ECFF2F802FF074EDA" pageId="3" pageNumber="574" refId="ref7616" refString="Kononenko, V. S. (1997) A revision of the Hoplodrina implacata species complex (Noctuidae, Amphipyrinae), with descriptions of three new species from China. Japan Heterocerists Journal, 193, 291 - 297." type="journal article">Kononenko, 1997: fig. 14</bibRefCitation>
) by the strong sclerotized bursa copulatrix and the absence of the band-like transversal signum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34A6492FF81A218CBFCFF20FB6F48A0" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="576" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BEF3719FF81A219CBFCFF20FEA64885" blockId="4.[151,1437,151,429]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219CBFCFF20FEBF4998" bold="true" box="[199,345,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">Description.</emphasis>
Adult (
<figureCitation id="136B2B9CFF81A219CA96FF20FDEA4998" box="[429,524,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–15" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1777,1800]" captionTargetBox="[246,1325,564,1741]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[246,1343,564,1768]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1–15. Habitus of species of Hoplodrina implacata group. 1. H. implacata (Wileman &amp; West, 1929), female, holotype, Taiwan (©The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London); 2. Ditto, labels (©The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London); 3, 6. H. implacata, male, Taiwan; 4. H. cienensis sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (TFRI); 5. Ditto, paratype, female, Taiwan (TFRI); 7. H. obscura sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (TFRI); 8. Ditto, paratype, male, Taiwan (TFRI); 9. H. minimalis Kononenko, 1997, male, China (NSMT); 10. H. kononenkoi sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (TFRI); 11. Ditto, paratype, female, Taiwan (TFRI); 12. H. euryptera Boursin, 1937, male, Japan (NSMT); 13. H. bunun sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (NMNS); 14. Ditto, male, paratype, Taiwan (NSMT); 15. Ditto, paratype, female, Taiwan (NSMT). Scale bar= 10 mm. Photo by Shen-Horn Yen (1, 2); Shipher Wu (3–15)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457395/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">Figs 4, 5</figureCitation>
)—Forewing length
<quantity id="4CA89AFCFF81A219C9C9FF2FFC8C4987" box="[754,874,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="13.0">
13
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219C835FF20FCFA4998" bold="true" box="[782,796,151,176]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">–</emphasis>
14 mm
</quantity>
in males (n= 3);
<quantity id="4CA89AFCFF81A219CF1CFF2FFB904987" box="[1063,1142,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
in female (n= 1). Antenna filiform in male, ciliate in female. Head and thorax covered with lotus root grey scales. Forewing ground color silvery grey. Forewing antemedial line black, irregular, medial part tinged with dark grey band, postmedial line black, serrate; orbicular stigma small, round, reniform stigma wide elliptic, both surrounding with greyish white; submarginal line greyish white, parallel with outer margin; cilia and region between submarginal line and outer margin lotus root grey; distal part of cilia pale ochreous. Hindwing pale ochreous-grey at basal half part than gradually darken as dark grey, discal spot dark grey, distinct; outer margin and cilia pale ochreous. Abdomen pale lotus root grey.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2F6791FF81A219CBACF907FDFD4E69" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457397/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" startId="4.[151,264,1712,1735]" targetBox="[293,1283,512,1674]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BEF3719FF81A219CBACF907FDFD4E69" blockId="4.[151,1437,1712,1857]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219CBACF907FEB04FEE" bold="true" box="[151,342,1712,1735]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">FIGURES 16–23.</emphasis>
The male genitalia of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF81A219C98BF906FCC04FEF" authorityName="Boursin" authorityYear="1937" box="[688,806,1713,1735]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219C98BF906FCC04FEF" box="[688,806,1713,1735]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">Hoplodrina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species.
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219C8BCF906FC404FEE" bold="true" box="[903,934,1713,1734]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">16.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF81A219C894F905FAA34FEF" authority="(Wileman &amp; West, 1929)" authorityName="Wileman &amp; West" authorityYear="1929" baseAuthorityName="Wileman &amp; West" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[943,1349,1713,1735]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="implacata">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219C894F905FBD34FEF" box="[943,1077,1713,1735]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">H. implacata</emphasis>
(Wileman &amp; West, 1929)
</taxonomicName>
, Taiwan (NSMT);
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219CA3BF978FEF94FCC" bold="true" box="[256,287,1743,1764]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">17.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF81A219CA11F966FE4C4FCE" authority="Wu &amp; Owada, 2018" authorityName="Wu &amp; Owada" authorityYear="2018" box="[298,426,1745,1766]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cienensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219CA11F966FE4C4FCE" box="[298,426,1745,1766]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">H. cienensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2175670FF81A219CA8EF967FDEF4FCD" box="[437,521,1744,1765]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219CA8EF967FDEF4FCD" bold="true" box="[437,521,1744,1765]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype, Taiwan (TFRI);
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219C809F978FCB44FCC" bold="true" box="[818,850,1743,1764]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">18.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF81A219C867F966FC344FCD" authority="Wu &amp; Owada, 2018" authorityName="Wu &amp; Owada" authorityYear="2018" box="[860,978,1743,1766]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219C867F966FC344FCD" box="[860,978,1743,1766]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">H. obscura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2175670FF81A219C8E7F967FBD74FCD" box="[988,1073,1744,1765]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219C8E7F967FBD74FCD" bold="true" box="[988,1073,1744,1765]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype, Taiwan (TFRI);
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219CE62F978FA9F4FCC" bold="true" box="[1369,1401,1743,1764]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">19.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF81A219CEB8F966FEEA4E2C" authority="Wu &amp; Owada, 2018" authorityName="Wu &amp; Owada" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kononenkoi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219CEB8F966FEEA4E2C" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">H. kononenkoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2175670FF81A219CA28F959FE824E2B" box="[275,356,1774,1795]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219CA28F959FE824E2B" bold="true" box="[275,356,1774,1795]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype, Taiwan (TFRI);
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219C946F959FD7B4E2B" bold="true" box="[637,669,1774,1795]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">20.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF81A219C99FF958FCE24E2C" authority="Wu &amp; Owada, 2018" authorityName="Wu &amp; Owada" authorityYear="2018" box="[676,772,1774,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bunun" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219C99FF958FCE24E2C" box="[676,772,1774,1796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">H. bunun</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2175670FF81A219C831F959FCBA4E2B" box="[778,860,1774,1795]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219C831F959FCBA4E2B" bold="true" box="[778,860,1774,1795]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype, Taiwan (NMNS);
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219CFBCF959FB414E2B" bold="true" box="[1159,1191,1774,1795]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">21.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF81A219CF95F958FE774E0A" authority="Ronkay, Ronkay, Fu &amp; Wu, 2013" authorityName="Ronkay, Ronkay, Fu &amp; Wu" authorityYear="2013" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persequora">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219CF95F958FB2E4E2C" box="[1198,1224,1775,1796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">H.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219CFF5F958FAA74E2C" box="[1230,1345,1775,1796]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">persequora</emphasis>
Ronkay, Ronkay, Fu &amp; Wu, 2013
</taxonomicName>
, Taiwan (TFRI);
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219C97BF8BAFD864E0A" bold="true" box="[576,608,1805,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">22.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF81A219C95DF8B9FC414E0A" authority="Kononenko, 1997" authorityName="Kononenko" authorityYear="1997" box="[614,935,1804,1827]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minimalis">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219C95DF8B9FD0F4E0A" box="[614,745,1804,1827]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">H. minimalis</emphasis>
Kononenko, 1997
</taxonomicName>
, China (NSMT);
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219CF62F8BAFB9E4E0A" bold="true" box="[1113,1144,1805,1826]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">23.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF81A219CF45F8B9FA7E4E0A" authority="Boursin, 1937" authorityName="Boursin" authorityYear="1937" box="[1150,1432,1804,1827]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="575" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euryptera">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219CF45F8B9FAE64E0B" box="[1150,1280,1806,1827]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">H. euryptera</emphasis>
Boursin, 1937
</taxonomicName>
, Japan (NSMT). Photo by Shipher Wu.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEF3719FF81A218CBFCF8D9FBC049D0" blockId="4.[151,1437,1902,2035]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,151,573]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="576" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">
Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="136B2B9CFF81A219CAB9F8D9FE324EAF" box="[386,468,1902,1927]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–23" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1712,1735]" captionTargetBox="[293,1283,512,1674]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[290,1296,481,1691]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 16–23. The male genitalia of the genus Hoplodrina species. 16. H. implacata (Wileman &amp; West, 1929), Taiwan (NSMT); 17. H. cienensis sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 18. H. obscura sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 19. H. kononenkoi sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 20. H. bunun sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (NMNS); 21. H. persequora Ronkay, Ronkay, Fu &amp; Wu, 2013, Taiwan (TFRI); 22. H. minimalis Kononenko, 1997, China (NSMT); 23. H. euryptera Boursin, 1937, Japan (NSMT). Photo by Shipher Wu." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457397/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
)—Uncus slender, curved toward anterior part, apical part swollen with acute tip. Tegumen moderate in width, peniculus well developed covered with long hair-like scales. Saccus tapered, Vshaped. Valva gradually widen towards subapical part, then gradually narrowed towards apex; succulus moderate in size, harpe digitiform, straight; corona represented by 8
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF81A219C871F86DFCBE4EDB" bold="true" box="[842,856,2010,2035]" pageId="4" pageNumber="575">–</emphasis>
9 spines. Juxta plate-like, apical margin rounded. Aedeagus about? length of valva. Carina with three sclerotized bands with two small conical spines at ventral side. Vesica with two diverticula, basal one membranous, medial one covered with short dense spines. Tubular extension of vesica pointing anteriorly when fully swollen. Phallobase protruded anteriorly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEF3719FF80A218CBFCFEB3FB6F48A0" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
Female genitalia (
<figureCitation id="136B2B9CFF80A218CAABFEB3FE064835" box="[400,480,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 24–30" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1704,1727]" captionTargetBox="[254,1318,350,1663]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[224,1362,337,1684]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 24–30. The female genitalia of Hoplodrina species 24. H. implacata (Wileman &amp; West, 1929), Taiwan, holotype (©The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London); 25. Ditto, Taiwan (NIAES); 26. H. cienensis sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 27. H. kononenkoi sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 28. H. bunun sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (NSMT); 29. H. persequora Ronkay, Ronkay, Fu &amp; Wu, 2013, Taiwan (TFRI); 30. H. euryptera Boursin, 1937, Japan (NSMT). Photo by Alberto Zilli (24); Daisuke Watabiki (25); Shipher Wu (26–30)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1457399/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
)—Ovipositor elongated, papillae anales weak. Posterior apophyses thin, 1.5X length of anterior ones. Antrum wide, flat. Ductus bursae wide, flat, gradually narrowed towards anterior part, strongly sclerotized with ¼ and ¾ section from posterior part bent. Bursae copulatrix sclerotized except long apical part where ductus seminalis arising. Corpus bursae slightly granular medially, without signum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34A6492FF80A218CBFCFE23FCA14B30" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BEF3719FF80A218CBFCFE23FCA14B30" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF80A218CBFCFE23FDFC4885" bold="true" box="[199,538,404,429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Distribution and bionomics.</emphasis>
Endemic to
<collectingCountry id="F3477789FF80A218C98BFE23FCE04885" box="[688,774,404,429]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
. This species is distributed in mid-elevation broad-leaved forests of central
<collectingCountry id="F3477789FF80A218CA5DFE00FE5A48F8" box="[358,444,439,464]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
. The adults were only collected in mid-September in Ci’en (
<typeStatus id="54EB89BBFF80A218CFBDFE0FFB5E48F8" box="[1158,1208,440,464]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">type</typeStatus>
locality) where the whole year fundamental survey was conducted by the first author during
<date id="FFEE11D9FF80A218C8DFFE6BFB7248DC" box="[996,1172,476,501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" value="2012" valueMax="2013">2012 and 2013</date>
. The externally similar species
<taxonomicName id="4C504C9AFF80A218CBD4FDB6FE674B30" baseAuthorityName="Wileman &amp; West" baseAuthorityYear="1929" box="[239,385,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Hoplodrina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="implacata">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF80A218CBD4FDB6FE674B30" box="[239,385,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">H. implacata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also occurs in Ci’en but only in August.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34A6492FF80A218CBFCFD93FBB64B15" box="[199,1104,548,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BEF3719FF80A218CBFCFD93FBB64B15" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,573]" box="[199,1104,548,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="B924EB0BFF80A218CBFCFD93FEA84B15" bold="true" box="[199,334,548,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Etymology.</emphasis>
Name according to the
<typeStatus id="54EB89BBFF80A218C962FD92FD6F4B15" box="[601,649,549,573]" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">type</typeStatus>
locality Ci’en,
<collectingRegion id="4994F9FBFF80A218C803FD93FC0A4B14" box="[824,1004,548,573]" country="Taiwan" name="Hualien" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Hualien County</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3477789FF80A218C8CDFD93FBAA4B15" box="[1014,1100,548,573]" name="Taiwan" pageId="5" pageNumber="576">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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