249 lines
26 KiB
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249 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.286.4438" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8eb9e776-76c2-4f09-8964-77205d602229" ID-PMC="PMC3677357" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-286-1" ID-PubMed="23794844" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2013" ModsDocID="1313-2970-286-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 286" ModsDocTitle="Revision of Sternaspis Otto, 1821 (Polychaeta, Sternaspidae)" checkinTime="1451247449682" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Sendall, Kelly & Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I." docDate="2013" docId="E7420E60FCB1711C27375373E026558B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 286: 1-74" docOrigin="ZooKeys 286" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.286.4438" docTitle="Sternaspis scutata emended" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="E62FFF94FFE6FFFEEA0AE45616142716" masterDocTitle="Revision of Sternaspis Otto, 1821 (Polychaeta, Sternaspidae)" masterLastPageNumber="74" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="40" updateTime="1668155612909" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of Sternaspis Otto, 1821 (Polychaeta, Sternaspidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sendall, Kelly</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>286</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>74</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.286.4438</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.286.4438</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-286-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152042384" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E7420E60FCB1711C27375373E026558B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E7420E60FCB1711C27375373E026558B" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Sternaspis_scutata" authority="(Ranzani, 1817) emended" class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis scutata" order="Terebellida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutata">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="39" pageNumber="40" start="start">Sternaspis</pageBreakToken>
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scutata (Ranzani, 1817) emended
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</taxonomicName>
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Figure 13
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Thalassematidae" genus="Thalassema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thalassema scutatus" order="Echiuroidea" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutatus">Thalassema scutatus</taxonomicName>
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Ranzani, 1817: 1458-1462, Pl. 11, figs 10-13.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis scutata" order="Terebellida" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutata">Sternaspis scutata</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation author="Claparede, E" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de la Societe de Physique et d'Histoire Naturelle de Geneve" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 225" title="Les Annelides Chetopodes du Golfe de Naples. Seconde Partie." volume="20" year="1869">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Claparède">Claparede</normalizedToken>
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1869
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</bibRefCitation>
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: 95-96, Pl. 31, fig. 9;
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<bibRefCitation pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Rietsch 1882</bibRefCitation>
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: 1-84, Pls. 18-23;
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<bibRefCitation author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="Faune de France" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 494" title="Polychetes sedentaires et addenda aus errantes, archiannelides, myzostomaires." volume="16" year="1927">Fauvel 1927</bibRefCitation>
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: 216-218, fig. 76;
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<bibRefCitation author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="Thalassia, Istituto Italo-Germanico di Biologia Marina di Rovigno d'Istria" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 78" title="Annelides polychetes de Rovigno d'Istria." volume="1" year="1934">1934</bibRefCitation>
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: 60;
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<bibRefCitation author="Townsend, M" journalOrPublisher="Cahiers de Biologie Marine" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="281 - 285" title="Occurrence of Sternaspis scutata (Polychaeta: Sternaspidae) in the English Channel." volume="47" year="2006">Townsend et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
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: 282-284, figs 1-2.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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Eastern Mediterranean Sea, Aegean Sea. Neotype (RBCM 005-140-001) and 9 paraneotypes (RBCM 005-140-002), Turkey, Izmar Bay,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="38.5">38°30'00"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="26.833334">26°50'00"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 33 m, 11-VII-2000.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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Additional material. Aegean Sea, Turkey. 14 spec. (RBCM 005-139-001), Izmar Bay,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="38.5">38°30'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="26.833334">26°50'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 33 m, 11-VII-200. Croatia. 7 spec. (ECOSUR 2645), Rovigno d'Istria, VI-1983, J. Vidakovic & D. Zavodnik, coll. 2 spec. (ECOSUR 2646), off Rijeka, X-1981, P. Gillet, coll. 2 spec. (ECOSUR 2647), Rovigno d'Istria (no further data). France. 2 spec. (ZMA 1374), Bretagne. Italy. 8 spec. (MNHL 766), Gulf of Naples, 1888. Five spec. (ZMA 1373), Naples, 1893. 3 spec. (ZMA 1372), Triest. Five spec. (ZMA 1373), Bay of Naples, 1893. 2 spec. (ZMUC), Bay of Muggia, 1883. 1 spec. (ZMUC), Naples, Stazione Zoologica, 1882. 9 spec. (RBCM 006-008-001), Bay of Salerno,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="40.483334">40°29'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="14.766666">14°46'E</geoCoordinate>
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, VIII-2002. 3 spec. (ANSP 1880), Bay of Naples. 9 spec. (RBCM
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<pageBreakToken pageId="40" pageNumber="41" start="start">006</pageBreakToken>
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-008-001), Bay of Salerno,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="40.483334">40°29'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="14.766666">14°46'E</geoCoordinate>
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, VIII-2002. 4 spec. (IRFA-STE 015), Rijika, Oct. 1981. Portugal. 10 spec. (SMNH 50689), Lisboa, Tajo, 9-36 m, 1869.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Neotype (RBCM 005-140-001) with anterior region often swollen, bulbous compared to the remaining segments, with a constriction at septum between segments seven and eight. Body usually smooth, white, leathery, sometimes covered by minute cuticular papillae, especially behind seventh segment and near shield on dorsal side; posterior region slightly darker. Body papillae small, evenly spaced. Body up to 35 mm long, 18 mm wide, about 30 segments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Prostomium hemispherical, without eyespots, opalescent, translucent (Fig. 13A). Peristomium rounded, flattening at the position of the mouth, devoid of papillae. Mouth circular, completely covered with minute papillae, extends from prostomium to edge of second segment.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="41" pageNumber="42" start="start">First</pageBreakToken>
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three chaetigers with over 10 bronze, widely separated, slightly falcate hooks, each with subdistal dark area (Fig. 13B), more evident in smaller specimens. Larger specimens with paler subdistal areas. Genital papillae protrude ventrally from body wall between segments 7 and 8. Pre-shield region with 7 segments, sometimes bearing a bundle of small, short, fine capillary chaetae laterally.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Ventro-caudal shield flat (Fig. 13C), ribbed, with concentric lines; suture restricted to anterior region. Anterior margins truncate, straight; anterior depression deep; anterior keels not exposed. Lateral margins straight, not expanded medially. Fan smooth, markedly projected beyond posterior corners, with margin smooth, barely crenulated (Fig. 13C, D).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Marginal shield chaetal fascicles include 10 lateral ones, chaetae in an oval arrangement, and six posterior fascicles, chaetae in a slightly curved arrangement. Chaetae of lateral fascicles hirsute, especially longer ones. Peg chaetae about as long as chaetae of first lateral chaetal fascicle and stout basally where chaetae emerge from cuticle, giving them a robust spine-like appearance. Additional chaetae delicate, in a small group.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Branchiae abundant; interbranchial papillae long, filamentous (Fig. 13E). Branchial plates diverging as half-fusiform areas (Fig. 13F).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="variation">
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<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Variation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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The ventro-caudal shield (Fig. 13
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<normalizedToken originalValue="G–H">G-H</normalizedToken>
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) has a fan with a median notch and its lateral parts extend beyond the posterior corners level, and this is a consistent pattern seen in all specimens regardless of size. The pigmentation is deep orange in smaller specimens (Fig. 13G) and becomes reddish in larger ones (Fig. 13H, I).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="neotype locality">
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<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Neotype locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Izmar Bay, Aegean Sea, Turkey.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis scutata" order="Terebellida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutata">Sternaspis scutata</taxonomicName>
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(Ranzani, 1817) has been widely recorded and appears to be the most common species of
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis" order="Terebellida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Sternaspis</taxonomicName>
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. This is the oldest named species and researchers have suggested that
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis scutata" order="Terebellida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutata">Sternaspis scutata</taxonomicName>
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is a senior synonym of at least some of the other species of the family (Ushakov 1955;
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<bibRefCitation author="Hartman, O" journalOrPublisher="Allan Hancock Foundation Publications Occasional Paper" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="355 - 628" title="Catalogue of the polychaetous annelids of the world. Part II." volume="28" year="1959">Hartman 1959</bibRefCitation>
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), others have suggested that it is in fact the only species in the family (
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<bibRefCitation author="Pettibone, MH" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the United States National Museum" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="203 - 356" title="Marine polychaete worms from Point Barrow, Alaska, with additional records from the Atlantic and North Pacific." url="10.5479/si.00963801.103-3324.203" volume="103" year="1954">Pettibone 1954</bibRefCitation>
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). These ideas are so widespread that over half of the worms loaned for this study were labelled as
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis scutata" order="Terebellida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutata">Sternaspis scutata</taxonomicName>
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. However, the species has not been redefined and in order to clarify the current confusion, a neotype is proposed, described and its diagnostic features are illustrated (
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<bibRefCitation pageId="41" pageNumber="42">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
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, Art. 75.3.1-75.3.3). Abbot Camilo Ranzani did not deposit the materials he described because it was not a current practice during those times (ICZN, Art. 75.3.4). However,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ranzani’s">Ranzani's</normalizedToken>
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figure 13 clearly indicates that the ventro-caudal shield had a median, posterior notch, which is consistent with the proposed neotype (
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<bibRefCitation pageId="41" pageNumber="42">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
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, Art. 75.3.5), and distinct from the other Mediterranean species,
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis thalassemoides" order="Terebellida" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="thalassemoides">Sternaspis thalassemoides</taxonomicName>
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Otto, 1821, because it has a rather straight posterior margin. This feature is consistent and has been found in the studied materials; they included specimens from the eastern Italian coast, which would be similar to the original type locality (Adriatic Sea). However, the best specimen was selected as neotype and it was collected in the Aegean Sea, some distance from the original type locality (
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<bibRefCitation pageId="41" pageNumber="42">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
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, Art. 75.3.6). As stated above, there were no differences among the materials studied. The neotype and additional paraneotypes have been deposited in the Royal British Columbia Museum (
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<bibRefCitation pageId="41" pageNumber="42">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
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, Art. 95.3.7).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="42" pageNumber="43" start="start">As</pageBreakToken>
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stated above,
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis scutata" order="Terebellida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutata">Sternaspis scutata</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis thalassemoides" order="Terebellida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="thalassemoides">Sternaspis thalassemoides</taxonomicName>
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by shield features, especially regarding their fan development; in
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis scutata" order="Terebellida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutata">Sternaspis scutata</taxonomicName>
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it is notched and markedly expanded beyond the level of the posterior corners, whereas in
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis thalassemoides" order="Terebellida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="thalassemoides">Sternaspis thalassemoides</taxonomicName>
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it is truncate, entire, and not expanded beyond the posterior corners level. Further,
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<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis scutata" order="Terebellida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutata">Sternaspis scutata</taxonomicName>
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is unique in the genus by a combination of features of their shields: the anterior margins are truncate, the lateral margins are straight or barely rounded, and the posterior margin and fan are markedly expanded beyond the posterolateral corners.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel, 9-36 m depth. Deeper water records from the Eastern Mediterranean (
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<bibRefCitation author="Ben-Eliahu, MN" journalOrPublisher="Senckenbergiana maritima" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="85 - 105" title="Polychaeta from the continental shelf and slope of Israel collected by the ' Meteor' 5 Exedition (1987)." volume="25" year="1995">Ben-Eliahu and Fiege 1995</bibRefCitation>
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) deserve a careful comparison to define if they are conspecific with the shallow water material. Some records from non-Mediterranean or Northeastern Atlantic localities might belong to other, probably undescribed species. Thus the following records need to be checked: Arctic and Subarctic waters (
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<bibRefCitation author="Wesenberg-Lund, E" journalOrPublisher="Danish Ingolf-Expedition" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 92" title="Polychaeta." volume="4" year="1950 a">Wesenberg-Lund 1950a</bibRefCitation>
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: 104-105,
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<bibRefCitation author="Wesenberg-Lund, E" journalOrPublisher="Meddelelser om Gronland udgivne af Kommissionen for Videnskabelige undersogelser I Gronland" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 171" title="The Polychaeta of West Greenland with special reference to the Fauna of Nordre Stromfjord, Kvane-, and Bredefjord." volume="151" year="1950 b">1950b</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 46,
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||
<bibRefCitation author="Wesenberg-Lund, E" journalOrPublisher="The Zoology of Iceland" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 182" title="Polychaeta." volume="2" year="1951">1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 98,
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<bibRefCitation author="Wesenberg-Lund, E" journalOrPublisher="Meddelelser om Gronland udgivne af Kommissionen for Videnskabelige undersogelser I Gronland" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 169" title="The Zoology of East Greenland: Polychaeta." volume="122" year="1953">1953</bibRefCitation>
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: 88), Northwestern Pacific (Ushakov 1955: 353-354, fig. 131;
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<bibRefCitation author="Levenstein, RY" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Instituta Okeanologii, Akademiya Nauk SSSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="147 - 178" title="Mnogotschetinkovie Chervi (Polychaeta) glubokobodnoi chaste Beringova Morya." volume="46" year="1961">Levenstein 1961</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 167,
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<bibRefCitation author="Levenstein, RY" journalOrPublisher="Trudy Instituta Okeanologii, Akademiya Nauk SSSR" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="3 - 131" title="Mnogotschetinkovie Chervi (Polychaeta) zapadnoi chaste Beringova Morya." volume="81" year="1966">1966</bibRefCitation>
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: 59,
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<bibRefCitation author="Buzhinskaja, GN" journalOrPublisher="Issledovaniya Fauny Morei" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="72 - 224" title="Mnogoschetinkovye chervil (Polychaeta) shel'fa Yuznogo Sakhalina i ikh ekologiya." volume="30" year="1985">Buzhinskaja 1985</bibRefCitation>
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: 166;
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<bibRefCitation author="Imajima, M" journalOrPublisher="National Science Museum Monographs, Tokyo" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="37 - 99" title="Deep-sea benthic polychaetous annelids from around Nansei Islands." volume="29" year="2005">Imajima 2005</bibRefCitation>
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: 91), or Northeastern Pacific Ocean (
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<bibRefCitation pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Hartman 1971</bibRefCitation>
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: 1422), Western Pacific (
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<bibRefCitation author="Gallardo, VA (1968" journalOrPublisher="Scripps Institution of Oceanography NAGA Report" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="35 - 279" title=") Polychaeta from the Bay of Nha Trang, South Viet Nam. Scientific Results of Marine Investigations of the South China Sea and the Gulf of Thailand, 1959 - 1961." volume="4" year="1967">Gallardo 1968</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 114), Red Sea (
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<bibRefCitation pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fauvel 1957</bibRefCitation>
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: 218), Indian Ocean (
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<bibRefCitation pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Wesenberg-Lund 1949</bibRefCitation>
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: 345-346;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the Indian Museum, Calcutta" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 262" title="Annelida Polychaeta of the Indian Museum, Calcutta." volume="12" year="1932">Fauvel 1932</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 213,
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="42" pageNumber="43">1953</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 401-402, fig. 210
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="a–g">a-g</normalizedToken>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hartman, O (1976 a" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="191 - 252" title=") Polychaetous annelids of the Indian Ocean including an account of species collected by members of the International Indian Ocean Expeditions, 1963 - 64 and a catalogue and bibliography of the species from India." volume="16" year="1974">Hartman 1976a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 199,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Ibarzabal, DR" journalOrPublisher="Reporte de Investigacion del Instituto de Oceanologia, Academia de Ciencias de Cuba" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 17" title="Lista de especies de poliquetos bentonicos cubanos." volume="45" year="1986">1976b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 627), Western Central (
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Gilbert 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 45.3-45.4, fig. 45.2
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="a–f">a-f</normalizedToken>
|
||
; Ibarzabal 1986: 14), Eastern Central (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Fauvel, P" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de la Societe des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 144" title="Contribution a la faune des annelides polychetes du Maroc." volume="43" year="1936">Fauvel 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 88), southeastern Atlantic (
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Day 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 648, fig. 31.1
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="a–d">a-d</normalizedToken>
|
||
), from New Zealand (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Augener, H" journalOrPublisher="Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk naturhistorisk Forening I Kobenhavn" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="157 - 194" title="Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition 1914 - 16, 24. Polychaeta 3. Polychaeten von Neuseeland, 2. Sedentaria." volume="81" year="1926">Augener 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 283-286, fig. 22), and from the Antarctic Ocean (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hartman, O" journalOrPublisher="Antarctic Research Series" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 158" title="Polychaeta Myzostomidae and Sedentaria of Antarctica." url="10.1029/AR007" volume="7" year="1966">Hartman 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 55, Pl. 18, fig. 1;
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Hartman 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 141;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hartmann-Schroeder, G" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="71 - 100" title="Die Polychaeten der 56. Reise der " Meteor " zu den South Shetland-Inseln (Antarktis)." volume="83" year="1986">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hartmann-Schröder">Hartmann-Schroeder</normalizedToken>
|
||
1986
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 85;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hartmann-Schroeder, G" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="65 - 106" title="Die Polychaeten der " Polarsten " - Reise ANT III / 2 in die Antarktis 1984. Teil 2: Cirratulidae bis Serpulidae." volume="86" year="1989">
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hartmann-Schröder">Hartmann-Schroeder</normalizedToken>
|
||
and Rosenfeldt 1989
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 76,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hartmann-Schroeder, G" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="73 - 96" title="Die Polychaeten der " Walther Herwig " - Reise 68 / 1 nach Elephant Island (Antarktis) 1985. Teil 2: Acrocirridae bis Sabellidae." volume="88" year="1991">1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 77;
|
||
<bibRefCitation pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Gambi and Mariani 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 238).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
Figure 13.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Polychaeta" family="Sternaspidae" genus="Sternaspis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sternaspis scutata" order="Terebellida" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scutata">Sternaspis scutata</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Ranzani, 1817), neotype (RBCM 005-140-001) A Anterior end, ventral view B Same, chaetae of first three chaetigers C Same, ventro-caudal shield D Paraneotype, ventro-caudal shield, oblique lateral view showing chaetal bundles E Neotype, posterior region, dorsal view F Another paraneotype, branchiae removed to show branchial plates
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="G–I">G-I</normalizedToken>
|
||
Non-type specimens (IRFA-STE 015), ventro-caudal shields. Bars: A 1.9 mm B 1.7 mm C, D, F 0.7 mm E, I 1.3 mm G 0.5 mm H 1.1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |