85 lines
10 KiB
XML
85 lines
10 KiB
XML
<document id="CD5FD8FCC46BAA6B9310A3E6FE4C9A87" ENCODING="Cp1252" ID-GBIF-Dataset="54f50fd3-f456-4d76-b185-c2bfcc2963e9" ModsDocID="20017" checkinTime="1252781355209" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Wilson, E. O." docDate="2003" docId="449AA2E8252423CA79118B80D9E35FA1" docLanguage="en" docName="20017_tristis_group_gg1.xml" docOrigin="Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press" docSource="http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/reference-full.html?id=20017" docTitle="Pheidole cephalica F. Smith" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="674" masterDocId="E2C3EA16EFBE44B5493D3E8099DC2AEA" masterDocTitle="Pheidole in the New World. A dominant, hyperdiverse ant genus." pageNumber="674" updateTime="1701311097043" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="95E82E4DA71F1A55D25C5EAB7791057E" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="32B2DFA6731052D1CF846B9B1AB2F882">
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<mods:title id="86A76213BBDAFD0BDE4D577952504E1F">Pheidole in the New World. A dominant, hyperdiverse ant genus.</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="9838F8D9BFB081493AD2443A22094267" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F57A7584B064718CD80B109080A1E956">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="107ADEC0DA8AC508AFC27DE1F98C0355">Wilson, E. O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="7E6D0B72F8E215025F198D15720F75EA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="2812CEE971EC8F018588A4FC87731970">2003</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="DD6C7982A9F0363EBF40E13E10F90D62">Harvard University Press</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="6ED8812B87F0AAB51AB9BBA783B5FE0F">Cambridge, MA</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
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<mods:location id="6D635471D4F8D1C42044716C95E6D8ED">
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<mods:url id="E56258C45D5C395DC1ED73F6C018DA4B">http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/reference-full.html?id=20017</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="7BEF57BF4D8DA28C086422F01D83291E">book</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="3AC5E7DF0FD8E487712D3451E019BACA" type="HNS-Pub">20017</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="449AA2E8252423CA79118B80D9E35FA1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6275397" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100119327" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6275397" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:449AA2E8252423CA79118B80D9E35FA1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/449AA2E8252423CA79118B80D9E35FA1" lastPageNumber="674" pageNumber="674">
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<subSubSection id="B89ABEA0CE7B02A931A5FC507534983E" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="4516016B6089021C1C47CB1E5A988908" pageNumber="674">
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<taxonomicName id="5C35948CE59143BDE86FC06A6EB80224" ID-CoL="4FY9F" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33657" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole cephalica Smith" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole cephalica Smith" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cephalica">Pheidole cephalica F. Smith</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A8937ABF4205E9140B708124587C7119" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="931D2A266FC3890A0D9976AD759F336E" pageNumber="674">
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<taxonomicName id="3DBDB291364A13EFA09FEBB168D20865" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33657" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole cephalica Smith" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole cephalica Smith" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cephalica">Pheidole cephalica F. Smith</taxonomicName>
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1858a: 177. Syn.:
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<taxonomicName id="ABB55137A8FE172F583D5EEEAA59B2E6" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:142216" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole opaca Mayr" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole opaca Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opaca">Pheidole opaca</taxonomicName>
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Mayr 1862: 749, synonymy by Kempf 1965: 183;
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<taxonomicName id="10D192C2F46A91A91E274CD7C4341C83" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:182021" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole opaca var. incrusta Forel" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole opaca var. incrusta Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="opaca" variety="incrusta">Pheidole opaca var. incrusta</taxonomicName>
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Forel 1908c: 59,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="805564CF4387C9A9BA36F12622C58AA3">n. syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="74ACB7C7C60BD58507E3C140A302B6D7" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:182022" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole opaca subsp. sacrita Forel" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole opaca subsp. sacrita Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="opaca" subSpecies="sacrita">Pheidole opaca subsp. sacrita</taxonomicName>
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Forel 1908c: 59,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="E8E1922320B3C7DEB1F6A0954723DB48">n. syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="FCDAB60ED09BB0888D8E0FCBBAD90454" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:232307" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole opaca subsp. apterostigmoides Weber" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole opaca apterostigmoides Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="opaca" subSpecies="apterostigmoides">Pheidole opaca subsp. apterostigmoides Weber</taxonomicName>
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1943b: 71,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="5D553A714A93E315ED55D7E390073846">n. syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E8ACB85DDF7D34008612F2325D00463B" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="495AEDDFAEAB1D82BD65AE4525494D21" pageNumber="674">Types Nat. Hist. Mus. London.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7F48F7352F40FD067BDC56AAB5DE4BE1" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="90D97F62199FDA42DB40D59ADDFB4BAE" pageNumber="674">
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etymology Gr
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<taxonomicName id="DCBD8933B9CD68FB4A2C1A87AD6AF56E" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33657" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole cephalica Smith" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole cephalica Smith" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cephalica">cephalica</taxonomicName>
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, of the head, probably alluding to the enlarged head of the major.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C589B19BF3EA365EFDE141912155A357" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="B0110C77839C330FCB68BDDBE89B3F9F" pageNumber="674">diagnosis A very large, small-eyed species, immediately recognizable in the major by the low postpetiolar node in side view, prominent lobose subpostpetiolar process, broad, bell-shaped postpetiole seen from above, and completely foveolate body (including all of the gaster); and in the minor, by the very low petiolar and postpetiolar nodes, cylindrical overall shape of the petiole in side view, extended frontal lobes in dorsal-oblique view, occipital neck, and completely foveolate body (including all of the gaster). Measurements (mm) Major (north of Manaus, Brazil): HW 2.60, HL 2.66, SL 1.26, EL 0.26, PW 1.26. Minor (north of Manaus, Brazil): HW 0.98, HL 1.06, SL 1.12, EL 0.16, PW 0.66. Color Major: body dark reddish brown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="8D85FCBC3F8D0ACDC0F007C828AB815E" type="description">
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<paragraph id="6A57A8FE69E4FAC2187190196BE0588A" pageNumber="674">Minor: body light reddish brown except for the gaster, which is yellowish brown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BADDED6856C317765C96F8F222619A1D" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="5EC0EC0BF1CE3365D8EDD5BB5E8B3D5E" pageNumber="674">Range A very widespread species recorded over many localities from Veracruz, Mexico, to Amazonian Brazil and Bolivia, where it is often locally abundant. I have collected it on Tobago, which appears to be its farthest intrusion into the West Indies. In Costa Rica, Longino (1997) reports finding the species from sea level to 900 m.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="94279C99EBB0D736AE5072F5B5D6BB4A" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="53ABFC8498A7FC9C24A166DE6F476127" pageNumber="674">
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Biology
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<taxonomicName id="CE10C07CC9157CD912BEEC0E685EA736" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33657" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole cephalica Smith" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole cephalica Smith" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cephalica">P. cephalica</taxonomicName>
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is an inhabitant of tropical forests, particularly in lowland areas. Colonies nest in rotten logs, stumps, and even the dead branches of standing trees a meter or more off the ground. The minors forage widely over the forest floor and up onto the trunks of standing trees. They feed on insects, are attracted to sugar baits, and also collect seeds. Using laboratory colonies, I demonstrated the extreme sensitivity of minor workers to the appearance of standing water in the nest: at the first sign of potential flooding -even a few drops -the minors initiate trail laying and issue an alarm that causes the colony to evacuate the nest within minutes (Wilson 1987c).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="04BAA857251163E175C046E6598CDC8E" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="B5F2D657D40299259079B6F3632EB913" pageNumber="674">
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Figure Upper: major. Lower: minor. BRAZIL: 90 km north of Manaus, Amazonas (E. O. Wilson). My drawings were compared with the types of
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<taxonomicName id="15E2CADC79378F042C3DB5240C0AA69C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33657" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole cephalica Smith" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole cephalica Smith" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="674" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cephalica">cephalica</taxonomicName>
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by Barry Bolton. (Type locality: Tunantins, Amazonas, Brazil.) Scale bars = 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |