235 lines
40 KiB
XML
235 lines
40 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e82845" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1864-8312-80-389" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BB8D982015D35004963B4554150E2165" ID-ZooBank="2046ADA5545645D8AA274328496DAD5B" ModsDocID="1864-8312-80-389" checkinTime="1660797937919" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Staniczek, Arnold H., Storari, Arianny P. & Godunko, Roman J." docDate="2022" docId="0BA0D3165DE35793BA7E2523115B64E0" docLanguage="en" docName="ArthropodSystPhyl 80: 389-409" docOrigin="Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 80" docPubDate="2022-08-17" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e82845" docTitle="Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek 2007" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="BB8D982015D35004963B4554150E2165" lastPageNumber="389" masterDocId="BB8D982015D35004963B4554150E2165" masterDocTitle="Revised systematics, phylogeny, and paleontology of the mayfly family Baetiscidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera)" masterLastPageNumber="409" masterPageNumber="389" pageNumber="389" updateTime="1660797937919" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revised systematics, phylogeny, and paleontology of the mayfly family Baetiscidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Staniczek, Arnold H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5577-137X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Staatliches Museum fuer Naturkunde Stuttgart, Abteilung Entomologie, Stuttgart, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">arnold.staniczek@smns-bw.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Storari, Arianny P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3645-3015</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratorio de Paleontologia, Departamento de Ciencias Biologicas, Centro de Ciencias Humanas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Godunko, Roman J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2196-3327</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic & Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland & State Museum of Natural History, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2022-08-17</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>80</mods:number>
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<mods:start>389</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e82845</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1864-8312-80-389</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0BA0D3165DE35793BA7E2523115B64E0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0BA0D3165DE35793BA7E2523115B64E0" lastPageNumber="389" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">
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<taxonomicName LSID="0BA0D316-5DE3-5793-BA7E-2523115B64E0" authority="Staniczek, 2007" authorityName="Staniczek" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Baetiscidae" genus="Protobaetisca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protobaetisca bechlyi" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bechlyi">Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek, 2007</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="389">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Staniczek" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Baetiscidae" genus="Protobaetisca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protobaetisca bechlyi" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bechlyi">Protobaetisca bechlyi</taxonomicName>
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=
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Staniczek" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Baetiscidae" genus="Protobaetisca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protobaetisca bechlyi" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bechlyi">Protobaetisca bechlyi</taxonomicName>
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Staniczek, 2007: The Crato Fossil Beds of Brazil: window into an ancient world, p. 182, fig. 11.6g
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="389" type="revised diagnosis (figs 6–7)">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="389">
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Revised diagnosis (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Nymphs of (A, C, E) Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek, 2007 (holotype, Lower Cretaceous, Upper Aptian, Crato Formation, holotype, SMNS 66620) and (B, D, F) Baetisca rogersi Berner, 1940, (USA, coll. SMNS). A - B head and prothorax, ventral view: ant - antenna; cly - clypeus; cx - coxa; cxc - coxal cavity; fr - frons; frp - frontal projections; ge - gena; lbr - labrum; md - mandible; mx - maxilla; prm - prementum; pm - postmentum; pst - prosternum. C - D general ventral view: I-IX - abdominal segments I-IX; cr - head; cl - pretarsal claw; cx - coxa; fe - femur; frp - frontal projections; ns - notal shield; pst - prosternum; ta - tarsus; ti - tibia; tr - trochanter, arrow marks traces of transversal crest. E - F caudal end of abdomen, ventral view: IX-X - abdominal segments IX-X; ce - cerci; gb - genital bud; pp - paraproct; tf - paracercus." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730278" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">6</figureCitation>
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-
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek, 2007, putative adult specimen, sex unknown, SMF coll., SMF VI 993. A general lateral view; B head, thorax, wing bases and abdominal segments I-III, lateral view. Abbreviations in white colour: cr - head; ThI - prothorax; ThII - mesothorax; ThIII - metathorax; I-III - abdominal segments I-III; FW - forewing; HW - hind wing [wing shape marked by white lines on left half of photo]. Abbreviations in black colour: ALSs - anterolateral scutal suture; ANp - anteronotal protuberance; ANi - anteronotal transverse impression; bp - bispinate projection of prosternum; cb - costal brace; E - eye; fk - frontal keel; fl - foreleg [r - right; l - left]; FSp - furcasternal protuberance; LPs - lateroparapsidal suture; MLs - median longitudinal suture; MNs - mesonotal suture [white line indicates the placement and orientation of MNs / MPs]; MPs - medioparapsidal suture; MS - medioscutum [white lines on right half of photo indicate position of MS]. C right forewing, ventral side; D same with interpretation of venation (for vein abbreviations see Material and Methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730279" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">7</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="389">
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Modified based on
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<bibRefCitation author="Staniczek, AH" editor="Martill, DM" journalOrPublisher="Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" pagination="163 - 184" refId="B29" refString="Staniczek, AH, 2007. Ephemeroptera: mayflies. In: Martill, DM, Bechly, G, Loveridge, RF, Eds., The Crato Fossil Beds of Brazil: window into an ancient world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK: 163 - 184" title="Ephemeroptera: mayflies." volumeTitle="The Crato Fossil Beds of Brazil: window into an ancient world." year="2007">Staniczek (2007)</bibRefCitation>
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and on newly described characters of male nymph [holotype] and putative adult of
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<taxonomicName genus="P." lsidName="P. bechlyi" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" rank="species" species="bechlyi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">P. bechlyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">ADULT</emphasis>
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: (1) body length 7 mm [as preserved]; (2) forewing length of approximately 6 mm, maximum width 3.5 mm [as preserved]; (3) forewing triangular-shaped, width/length ratio approximately 0.58 [as preserved]; (4) longitudinal venation of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“posteritornous”">"posteritornous"</normalizedToken>
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condition; (5) MA slightly asymmetrical, fork located at 0.65 of wing length; (6) at least 15 simple and forked cross veins in pterostigma; (7) distinct short intercalary vein between MP2 and CuA; (8) CuP nearly parallel to A1, approaching close to each other; (9) at least five veins going from A1 to basitornal margin; (10) small (ratio of forewing/hind wing length of 1/5) rounded hind wings with prominent costal projection at base; (11) abdominal segment VI enlarged.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Nymph</emphasis>
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: (12) body length 8 mm [without caudal filaments], caudal filaments length 3 mm; (13) genal shelf of head not distinctly projected; (14) femur short, as long as 0.32 of tibia length; tarsus at least 0.50 of tibia length; preserved part of pretarsal claw at least 0.34 of tibia length; (15) notal shield without traces of dorsal or lateral spines; (16) abdominal segment X ventrally covered by well-preserved paired sclerites of triangular shape, rounded apically, markedly separated by narrow V-shaped incision, which may be interpreted either as genital buds (outgrowths of IX) or paraprocts.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="389" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="389">
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Male nymph,
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<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
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, SMNS 66620 adult, SMF VI 993.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="389" type="redescription">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="389">
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Redescription of holotype (male nymph; Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Nymphs of (A, C, E) Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek, 2007 (holotype, Lower Cretaceous, Upper Aptian, Crato Formation, holotype, SMNS 66620) and (B, D, F) Baetisca rogersi Berner, 1940, (USA, coll. SMNS). A - B head and prothorax, ventral view: ant - antenna; cly - clypeus; cx - coxa; cxc - coxal cavity; fr - frons; frp - frontal projections; ge - gena; lbr - labrum; md - mandible; mx - maxilla; prm - prementum; pm - postmentum; pst - prosternum. C - D general ventral view: I-IX - abdominal segments I-IX; cr - head; cl - pretarsal claw; cx - coxa; fe - femur; frp - frontal projections; ns - notal shield; pst - prosternum; ta - tarsus; ti - tibia; tr - trochanter, arrow marks traces of transversal crest. E - F caudal end of abdomen, ventral view: IX-X - abdominal segments IX-X; ce - cerci; gb - genital bud; pp - paraproct; tf - paracercus." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730278" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">6A, C, E</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="389">
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Length of body 8 mm [without terminal filaments]. Length of cerci 3 mm. The nymph was initially described by
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<bibRefCitation author="Staniczek, AH" editor="Martill, DM" journalOrPublisher="Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" pagination="163 - 184" refId="B29" refString="Staniczek, AH, 2007. Ephemeroptera: mayflies. In: Martill, DM, Bechly, G, Loveridge, RF, Eds., The Crato Fossil Beds of Brazil: window into an ancient world. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK: 163 - 184" title="Ephemeroptera: mayflies." volumeTitle="The Crato Fossil Beds of Brazil: window into an ancient world." year="2007">Staniczek (2007)</bibRefCitation>
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as a new species and attributed to a new fossil genus within
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Baetiscidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Baetiscidae</taxonomicName>
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. A thorough reinvestigation confirmed that the compressed specimen is visible from its ventral side, which implies an amended description and interpretation as follows: Relatively well-preserved nymph, visible from ventral side (see also Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Nymphs of (A, C, E) Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek, 2007 (holotype, Lower Cretaceous, Upper Aptian, Crato Formation, holotype, SMNS 66620) and (B, D, F) Baetisca rogersi Berner, 1940, (USA, coll. SMNS). A - B head and prothorax, ventral view: ant - antenna; cly - clypeus; cx - coxa; cxc - coxal cavity; fr - frons; frp - frontal projections; ge - gena; lbr - labrum; md - mandible; mx - maxilla; prm - prementum; pm - postmentum; pst - prosternum. C - D general ventral view: I-IX - abdominal segments I-IX; cr - head; cl - pretarsal claw; cx - coxa; fe - femur; frp - frontal projections; ns - notal shield; pst - prosternum; ta - tarsus; ti - tibia; tr - trochanter, arrow marks traces of transversal crest. E - F caudal end of abdomen, ventral view: IX-X - abdominal segments IX-X; ce - cerci; gb - genital bud; pp - paraproct; tf - paracercus." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730278" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">6</figureCitation>
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for interpretation). Body stout, nearly ovoid shaped (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Nymphs of (A, C, E) Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek, 2007 (holotype, Lower Cretaceous, Upper Aptian, Crato Formation, holotype, SMNS 66620) and (B, D, F) Baetisca rogersi Berner, 1940, (USA, coll. SMNS). A - B head and prothorax, ventral view: ant - antenna; cly - clypeus; cx - coxa; cxc - coxal cavity; fr - frons; frp - frontal projections; ge - gena; lbr - labrum; md - mandible; mx - maxilla; prm - prementum; pm - postmentum; pst - prosternum. C - D general ventral view: I-IX - abdominal segments I-IX; cr - head; cl - pretarsal claw; cx - coxa; fe - femur; frp - frontal projections; ns - notal shield; pst - prosternum; ta - tarsus; ti - tibia; tr - trochanter, arrow marks traces of transversal crest. E - F caudal end of abdomen, ventral view: IX-X - abdominal segments IX-X; ce - cerci; gb - genital bud; pp - paraproct; tf - paracercus." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730278" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">6C</figureCitation>
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). -
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Head</emphasis>
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: Poorly preserved, relatively large, head width at least 0.53
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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of head length; lateral portions of head moderately damaged; distinct remnants of frontal and genal projections; frontal projections relatively large, rounded apically, located close to each other; putative remnants of left antenna along left lateral side of head; basal antennal segments better visible; length of antenna at least ⅔
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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of head length; genal shelf not distinctly projected, not protruding above anterolateral margin of head. Head in ventrocaudal posture, ventral outer edge of cranium well visible, but labrum and other mouthparts mostly not preserved except of mandibles, maxilla not visible, labium probably lost (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Nymphs of (A, C, E) Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek, 2007 (holotype, Lower Cretaceous, Upper Aptian, Crato Formation, holotype, SMNS 66620) and (B, D, F) Baetisca rogersi Berner, 1940, (USA, coll. SMNS). A - B head and prothorax, ventral view: ant - antenna; cly - clypeus; cx - coxa; cxc - coxal cavity; fr - frons; frp - frontal projections; ge - gena; lbr - labrum; md - mandible; mx - maxilla; prm - prementum; pm - postmentum; pst - prosternum. C - D general ventral view: I-IX - abdominal segments I-IX; cr - head; cl - pretarsal claw; cx - coxa; fe - femur; frp - frontal projections; ns - notal shield; pst - prosternum; ta - tarsus; ti - tibia; tr - trochanter, arrow marks traces of transversal crest. E - F caudal end of abdomen, ventral view: IX-X - abdominal segments IX-X; ce - cerci; gb - genital bud; pp - paraproct; tf - paracercus." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730278" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">6A</figureCitation>
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). -
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Thorax</emphasis>
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: Prosternum well separated from head and anterior part of mesothorax, without traces of bispinate projection; prosternum relatively wide, at least 0.30
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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its length (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Nymphs of (A, C, E) Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek, 2007 (holotype, Lower Cretaceous, Upper Aptian, Crato Formation, holotype, SMNS 66620) and (B, D, F) Baetisca rogersi Berner, 1940, (USA, coll. SMNS). A - B head and prothorax, ventral view: ant - antenna; cly - clypeus; cx - coxa; cxc - coxal cavity; fr - frons; frp - frontal projections; ge - gena; lbr - labrum; md - mandible; mx - maxilla; prm - prementum; pm - postmentum; pst - prosternum. C - D general ventral view: I-IX - abdominal segments I-IX; cr - head; cl - pretarsal claw; cx - coxa; fe - femur; frp - frontal projections; ns - notal shield; pst - prosternum; ta - tarsus; ti - tibia; tr - trochanter, arrow marks traces of transversal crest. E - F caudal end of abdomen, ventral view: IX-X - abdominal segments IX-X; ce - cerci; gb - genital bud; pp - paraproct; tf - paracercus." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730278" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">6A, C</figureCitation>
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). Base of foreleg large; coxa and trochanter apparently robust; remnants of foreleg located along right side of nymphal body; femur short, about 0.32
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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of tibia length; tarsus shorter than tibia, at least 0.50
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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of tibia length; pretarsal claw stout and long, with preserved part as long as at least 0.34
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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of tibia length (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Nymphs of (A, C, E) Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek, 2007 (holotype, Lower Cretaceous, Upper Aptian, Crato Formation, holotype, SMNS 66620) and (B, D, F) Baetisca rogersi Berner, 1940, (USA, coll. SMNS). A - B head and prothorax, ventral view: ant - antenna; cly - clypeus; cx - coxa; cxc - coxal cavity; fr - frons; frp - frontal projections; ge - gena; lbr - labrum; md - mandible; mx - maxilla; prm - prementum; pm - postmentum; pst - prosternum. C - D general ventral view: I-IX - abdominal segments I-IX; cr - head; cl - pretarsal claw; cx - coxa; fe - femur; frp - frontal projections; ns - notal shield; pst - prosternum; ta - tarsus; ti - tibia; tr - trochanter, arrow marks traces of transversal crest. E - F caudal end of abdomen, ventral view: IX-X - abdominal segments IX-X; ce - cerci; gb - genital bud; pp - paraproct; tf - paracercus." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730278" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">6C</figureCitation>
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). Mesosternum and metasternum mainly lost, distinctly short. Mesonotum posteriorly extended to abdominal segment VI, forming a notal shield (or
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“carapace”">"carapace"</normalizedToken>
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); notal shield well recognizable from ventrally (as anterior abdominal sterna not preserved), with distinct outer margin on right side; notal shield robust, with widest part at half length; near posterior margin slightly narrower than at half length, without traces of dorsal or lateral spines (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Nymphs of (A, C, E) Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek, 2007 (holotype, Lower Cretaceous, Upper Aptian, Crato Formation, holotype, SMNS 66620) and (B, D, F) Baetisca rogersi Berner, 1940, (USA, coll. SMNS). A - B head and prothorax, ventral view: ant - antenna; cly - clypeus; cx - coxa; cxc - coxal cavity; fr - frons; frp - frontal projections; ge - gena; lbr - labrum; md - mandible; mx - maxilla; prm - prementum; pm - postmentum; pst - prosternum. C - D general ventral view: I-IX - abdominal segments I-IX; cr - head; cl - pretarsal claw; cx - coxa; fe - femur; frp - frontal projections; ns - notal shield; pst - prosternum; ta - tarsus; ti - tibia; tr - trochanter, arrow marks traces of transversal crest. E - F caudal end of abdomen, ventral view: IX-X - abdominal segments IX-X; ce - cerci; gb - genital bud; pp - paraproct; tf - paracercus." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730278" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">6C</figureCitation>
|
||
). -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: Abdominal segments VI-IX with prominent posterolateral projections; no preserved traces of median spines; lateral margins of abdominal segments I-V slightly bent up; abdominal segment VI slightly enlarged, longest, with traces of transversal crest indicating the caudal closure of notal shield; segment VI covered approximately at 1/2 of its length by notal shield (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Nymphs of (A, C, E) Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek, 2007 (holotype, Lower Cretaceous, Upper Aptian, Crato Formation, holotype, SMNS 66620) and (B, D, F) Baetisca rogersi Berner, 1940, (USA, coll. SMNS). A - B head and prothorax, ventral view: ant - antenna; cly - clypeus; cx - coxa; cxc - coxal cavity; fr - frons; frp - frontal projections; ge - gena; lbr - labrum; md - mandible; mx - maxilla; prm - prementum; pm - postmentum; pst - prosternum. C - D general ventral view: I-IX - abdominal segments I-IX; cr - head; cl - pretarsal claw; cx - coxa; fe - femur; frp - frontal projections; ns - notal shield; pst - prosternum; ta - tarsus; ti - tibia; tr - trochanter, arrow marks traces of transversal crest. E - F caudal end of abdomen, ventral view: IX-X - abdominal segments IX-X; ce - cerci; gb - genital bud; pp - paraproct; tf - paracercus." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730278" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">6C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Abdominal segment X ventrally covered by well-preserved paired sclerites of triangular shape (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Nymphs of (A, C, E) Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek, 2007 (holotype, Lower Cretaceous, Upper Aptian, Crato Formation, holotype, SMNS 66620) and (B, D, F) Baetisca rogersi Berner, 1940, (USA, coll. SMNS). A - B head and prothorax, ventral view: ant - antenna; cly - clypeus; cx - coxa; cxc - coxal cavity; fr - frons; frp - frontal projections; ge - gena; lbr - labrum; md - mandible; mx - maxilla; prm - prementum; pm - postmentum; pst - prosternum. C - D general ventral view: I-IX - abdominal segments I-IX; cr - head; cl - pretarsal claw; cx - coxa; fe - femur; frp - frontal projections; ns - notal shield; pst - prosternum; ta - tarsus; ti - tibia; tr - trochanter, arrow marks traces of transversal crest. E - F caudal end of abdomen, ventral view: IX-X - abdominal segments IX-X; ce - cerci; gb - genital bud; pp - paraproct; tf - paracercus." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730278" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">6E</figureCitation>
|
||
), rounded apically, markedly separated by narrow V-shaped incision, which may be interpreted either as genital buds (outgrowths of IX) or paraprocts. Cerci and paracercus stout; swimming setae on both inner sides of cerci and paracercus, denser at half length.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730278" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Figure 6.</emphasis>
|
||
Nymphs of (A, C, E)
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Staniczek" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Baetiscidae" genus="Protobaetisca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protobaetisca bechlyi" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bechlyi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Protobaetisca bechlyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Staniczek, 2007 (holotype, Lower Cretaceous, Upper Aptian, Crato Formation, holotype, SMNS 66620) and (B, D, F)
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Berner" authorityYear="1940" class="Insecta" family="Baetiscidae" genus="Baetisca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baetisca rogersi" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rogersi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Baetisca rogersi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Berner, 1940, (USA, coll. SMNS).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">A</emphasis>
|
||
-
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">B</emphasis>
|
||
head and prothorax, ventral view: ant - antenna; cly - clypeus; cx - coxa; cxc - coxal cavity; fr - frons; frp - frontal projections; ge - gena; lbr - labrum; md - mandible; mx - maxilla; prm - prementum; pm - postmentum; pst - prosternum.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">C</emphasis>
|
||
-
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">D</emphasis>
|
||
general ventral view: I-IX - abdominal segments I-IX; cr - head; cl - pretarsal claw; cx - coxa; fe - femur; frp - frontal projections; ns - notal shield; pst - prosternum; ta - tarsus; ti - tibia; tr - trochanter, arrow marks traces of transversal crest.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">E</emphasis>
|
||
-
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">F</emphasis>
|
||
caudal end of abdomen, ventral view: IX-X - abdominal segments IX-X; ce - cerci; gb - genital bud; pp - paraproct; tf - paracercus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="389" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="389">
|
||
Description of new putative adult (SMF VI993; Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek, 2007, putative adult specimen, sex unknown, SMF coll., SMF VI 993. A general lateral view; B head, thorax, wing bases and abdominal segments I-III, lateral view. Abbreviations in white colour: cr - head; ThI - prothorax; ThII - mesothorax; ThIII - metathorax; I-III - abdominal segments I-III; FW - forewing; HW - hind wing [wing shape marked by white lines on left half of photo]. Abbreviations in black colour: ALSs - anterolateral scutal suture; ANp - anteronotal protuberance; ANi - anteronotal transverse impression; bp - bispinate projection of prosternum; cb - costal brace; E - eye; fk - frontal keel; fl - foreleg [r - right; l - left]; FSp - furcasternal protuberance; LPs - lateroparapsidal suture; MLs - median longitudinal suture; MNs - mesonotal suture [white line indicates the placement and orientation of MNs / MPs]; MPs - medioparapsidal suture; MS - medioscutum [white lines on right half of photo indicate position of MS]. C right forewing, ventral side; D same with interpretation of venation (for vein abbreviations see Material and Methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730279" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="389">
|
||
Length of body 7 mm; length of forewing approximately 6 mm, maximum width 3.5 mm. Imago of unknown sex. Specimen preserved in right lateral view with both forewings overlapping. Except of forewings, entire body of specimen poorly preserved, first abdominal segments not discernible, only base of cerci preserved. Right forewing is almost complete except of cubital and anal fields with venation poorly distinguishable. Traces of left forewing venation partly overlapping with right forewing venation. Costal brace and basal part of costal field almost destroyed; longitudinal venation mostly preserved and distinguishable; cross veins poorly visible, especially in anal field. Hind wings partially superimposing forewings. Hind wing mostly damaged, with poorly preserved outline and trace of costal projection; venation almost lost. Legs completely missing, except of traces of putative trochanter of right and left foreleg. Because of poor preservation of eyes and lacking gonopods, the sex of this specimen is not determinable (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek, 2007, putative adult specimen, sex unknown, SMF coll., SMF VI 993. A general lateral view; B head, thorax, wing bases and abdominal segments I-III, lateral view. Abbreviations in white colour: cr - head; ThI - prothorax; ThII - mesothorax; ThIII - metathorax; I-III - abdominal segments I-III; FW - forewing; HW - hind wing [wing shape marked by white lines on left half of photo]. Abbreviations in black colour: ALSs - anterolateral scutal suture; ANp - anteronotal protuberance; ANi - anteronotal transverse impression; bp - bispinate projection of prosternum; cb - costal brace; E - eye; fk - frontal keel; fl - foreleg [r - right; l - left]; FSp - furcasternal protuberance; LPs - lateroparapsidal suture; MLs - median longitudinal suture; MNs - mesonotal suture [white line indicates the placement and orientation of MNs / MPs]; MPs - medioparapsidal suture; MS - medioscutum [white lines on right half of photo indicate position of MS]. C right forewing, ventral side; D same with interpretation of venation (for vein abbreviations see Material and Methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730279" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">7A</figureCitation>
|
||
). -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: Relatively small; shape of eyes not distinguishable; preserved part of facial keel relatively short. -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
: Prothorax not widened, relatively narrow; m esonotum with trace of elongate medioscutum; putative sharply pointed [? bispinate] projection on ventral side of prothorax, close to pointed projection trace of putative trochanter. Border between pro- and mesothorax poorly recognizable; mesothorax distinctly large; mesonotal sutures poorly preserved; shape of preserved part of MPs and putative MS similar to those in
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Baetiscidae" genus="Baetisca" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Baetisca" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Baetisca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Baetisca rogersi Berner, 1940. USA, coll. SMNS EPH 009249 A. A-B, F: male imago; C-E: male subimago. A general dorsal view; B general lateral view, inlay: paired right foreclaws enlarged in dorsal view; C mesothorax in dorsal view: MNs - mesonotal suture; LPs - lateroparapsidal suture; MPs - medioparapsidal suture; MLS - medioscutum; SL - scutellum. D thorax in ventral view: AES - anepisternum; KES - katepisternum; BS - basisternum; FSp - fucasternal protuberance, arrows mark bispinate projection of prosternum. E - F genitalia in ventral view: pe - penis; S 1 - segment 1 of forceps; S 2 - segment 2 of forceps." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730277" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">5A</figureCitation>
|
||
); lateral sclerites completely damaged; ventrally with traces of relatively elongate furcasternal projection. Metathorax short (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek, 2007, putative adult specimen, sex unknown, SMF coll., SMF VI 993. A general lateral view; B head, thorax, wing bases and abdominal segments I-III, lateral view. Abbreviations in white colour: cr - head; ThI - prothorax; ThII - mesothorax; ThIII - metathorax; I-III - abdominal segments I-III; FW - forewing; HW - hind wing [wing shape marked by white lines on left half of photo]. Abbreviations in black colour: ALSs - anterolateral scutal suture; ANp - anteronotal protuberance; ANi - anteronotal transverse impression; bp - bispinate projection of prosternum; cb - costal brace; E - eye; fk - frontal keel; fl - foreleg [r - right; l - left]; FSp - furcasternal protuberance; LPs - lateroparapsidal suture; MLs - median longitudinal suture; MNs - mesonotal suture [white line indicates the placement and orientation of MNs / MPs]; MPs - medioparapsidal suture; MS - medioscutum [white lines on right half of photo indicate position of MS]. C right forewing, ventral side; D same with interpretation of venation (for vein abbreviations see Material and Methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730279" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">7B</figureCitation>
|
||
). -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Wings</emphasis>
|
||
: Preserved forewing of triangular shape, relatively wide, with width/length ratio approximately 0.58 [as preserved]. Longitudinal venation well recognizable; cross venation well developed, occasionally poorly visible, present in all the fields of forewing. Pterostigma with at least 15 simple and forked cross veins; only simple veins between C and Sc proximally. RP basally forked at 0.30
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of its length; RP2 basally forked at 0.29
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
of its length. Longitudinal venation with complete RP, MA and MP triads; RP and MA without common stem, basally approached; posteritornous wing condition: wing tornus situated basally of CuP and A1, A1 nearly parallel and close to CuP throughout remaining length. Furcation of MA slightly asymmetrical, fork located at 0.65 of wing length; iMP slightly closer to MP2 proximally; MP and CuA without common stem; distinct short intercalary vein between MP2 and CuA; traces of short intercalaries in MA and MP fields poorly preserved; MP1 and MP2 without common stem; base of CuP markedly distant from CuA base; at least five veins branching from A1 to basitornal margin; A2, if preserved, most probably visible in basal part of wing (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek, 2007, putative adult specimen, sex unknown, SMF coll., SMF VI 993. A general lateral view; B head, thorax, wing bases and abdominal segments I-III, lateral view. Abbreviations in white colour: cr - head; ThI - prothorax; ThII - mesothorax; ThIII - metathorax; I-III - abdominal segments I-III; FW - forewing; HW - hind wing [wing shape marked by white lines on left half of photo]. Abbreviations in black colour: ALSs - anterolateral scutal suture; ANp - anteronotal protuberance; ANi - anteronotal transverse impression; bp - bispinate projection of prosternum; cb - costal brace; E - eye; fk - frontal keel; fl - foreleg [r - right; l - left]; FSp - furcasternal protuberance; LPs - lateroparapsidal suture; MLs - median longitudinal suture; MNs - mesonotal suture [white line indicates the placement and orientation of MNs / MPs]; MPs - medioparapsidal suture; MS - medioscutum [white lines on right half of photo indicate position of MS]. C right forewing, ventral side; D same with interpretation of venation (for vein abbreviations see Material and Methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730279" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">7C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ratio of hind wing / forewing length 1/5. Hind wing length 1 mm; rounded, almost circular appearance, with prominent costal projection near its base, rounded at tip (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Protobaetisca bechlyi Staniczek, 2007, putative adult specimen, sex unknown, SMF coll., SMF VI 993. A general lateral view; B head, thorax, wing bases and abdominal segments I-III, lateral view. Abbreviations in white colour: cr - head; ThI - prothorax; ThII - mesothorax; ThIII - metathorax; I-III - abdominal segments I-III; FW - forewing; HW - hind wing [wing shape marked by white lines on left half of photo]. Abbreviations in black colour: ALSs - anterolateral scutal suture; ANp - anteronotal protuberance; ANi - anteronotal transverse impression; bp - bispinate projection of prosternum; cb - costal brace; E - eye; fk - frontal keel; fl - foreleg [r - right; l - left]; FSp - furcasternal protuberance; LPs - lateroparapsidal suture; MLs - median longitudinal suture; MNs - mesonotal suture [white line indicates the placement and orientation of MNs / MPs]; MPs - medioparapsidal suture; MS - medioscutum [white lines on right half of photo indicate position of MS]. C right forewing, ventral side; D same with interpretation of venation (for vein abbreviations see Material and Methods)." figureDoi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730279" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">7B</figureCitation>
|
||
). -
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: All abdominal terga and sterna poorly preserved; borders between segments I-IV poorly preserved, other segments with more or less preserved borders; segments IV-VI partly damaged; distal segments relatively large; segment VI the longest. Gonopods not preserved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/asp.80.e82845.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/730279" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="389">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Figure 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Staniczek" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Baetiscidae" genus="Protobaetisca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Protobaetisca bechlyi" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bechlyi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">Protobaetisca bechlyi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Staniczek, 2007, putative adult specimen, sex unknown, SMF coll., SMF VI 993.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">A</emphasis>
|
||
general lateral view;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">B</emphasis>
|
||
head, thorax, wing bases and abdominal segments I-III, lateral view. Abbreviations in white colour: cr - head; ThI - prothorax; ThII - mesothorax; ThIII - metathorax; I-III - abdominal segments I-III; FW - forewing; HW - hind wing [wing shape marked by white lines on left half of photo]. Abbreviations in black colour: ALSs - anterolateral scutal suture; ANp - anteronotal protuberance; ANi - anteronotal transverse impression; bp - bispinate projection of prosternum; cb - costal brace; E - eye; fk - frontal keel; fl - foreleg [r - right;l - left]; FSp - furcasternal protuberance; LPs - lateroparapsidal suture; MLs - median longitudinal suture; MNs - mesonotal suture [white line indicates the placement and orientation of MNs/MPs]; MPs - medioparapsidal suture; MS - medioscutum [white lines on right half of photo indicate position of MS].
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">C</emphasis>
|
||
right forewing, ventral side;
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="389">D</emphasis>
|
||
same with interpretation of venation (for vein abbreviations see Material and Methods).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |