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<document id="01A099DA039E301BCF7B5786228F2B9D" ID-DOI="10.1080/14772019.2021.1938264" ID-ISSN="1478-0941" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10883641" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1711485737370" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Trabelsi, Khaled, Sames, Benjamin, Wagreich, Michael, K ́ azm ́, Miklos, , Andrea Mindszen &amp; Mart ́ ın-Clo, d Carles" docDate="2021" docId="613EBD64C17EFF9EAD9DFC1CFB27D12E" docLanguage="en" docName="JSystPalaeontol.19.7.541-563.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 19 (7)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2021.1938264" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6400638016C1F4AE0D0B6502E032D571.1:JSystPalaeontol.2016-.journal_article.closed" docStyleId="6400638016C1F4AE0D0B6502E032D571" docStyleName="JSystPalaeontol.2016-.journal_article.closed" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Raskyella peckii var. peckii Grambast &amp; Grambast 1954" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="546" masterDocId="9D07C51CC17AFF98AE39FFEDFFF1D71D" masterDocTitle="A new diverse charophyte flora and biozonation of the Eocene bauxite cover-sequence at G ant (V ertes Hills, Hungary)" masterLastPageNumber="563" masterPageNumber="541" pageNumber="544" updateTime="1712667368446" updateUser="diego">
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<mods:title id="A05A588D7CC41F6F94B74294B58312C4">A new diverse charophyte flora and biozonation of the Eocene bauxite cover-sequence at G ant (V ertes Hills, Hungary)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="02EEC40D49705004E4674E2E168A8E2A">Trabelsi, Khaled</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D90334D47C040E01E40D6502574755D5">Universit ́ e de Sfax, Facult ́ e des Sciences de Sfax, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia; &amp; Universit ́ e de Tunis El Manar II, Facult ́ e des Sciences de Tunis, LR 18 ES 07, C. P. 2092, Tunis, Tunisia; &amp; Department of Geology, University of Vienna, UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="710F62C3CCF8C5AAD03BA314FC2C3674">Sames, Benjamin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="41BC82F76F4545E4812907A062A11597">Department of Geology, University of Vienna, UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; &amp; Sam Noble Museum, University of Oklahoma, 2401 Chautauqua Ave, Norman, OK 73072, USA;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="58B6FFF40AD99534E38A143E1FC53C27">Wagreich, Michael</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F319D71457AEB8A48593EAEC1362B7B4">Department of Geology, University of Vienna, UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="052AB8AE73ED961343DB90B2DB0EA4BA">K ́ azm ́, Miklos</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3DAAE4028DB8041311114C80DF9CE830">Department of Palaeontology &amp; MTA-ELTE Geological, Geophysical and Space Science Research Group, Eotvos Lorand University, Pazmany P ́ eter s ́ etany 1 / C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4D8ADE86BED3EC460BE7F6A2FAF1BE43">, Andrea Mindszen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7B1D8CABCC7E07155D214974B572B947">Mart ́ ın-Clo, d Carles</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="613EBD64C17EFF9EAD9DFC1CFB27D12E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:613EBD64C17EFF9EAD9DFC1CFB27D12E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/613EBD64C17EFF9EAD9DFC1CFB27D12E" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="546" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">
<subSubSection id="A18D5FF9C17EFF9CAD9DFC1CFB28D335" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17EFF9CAD9DFC1CFB28D335" blockId="4.[932,1379,1009,1099]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">
<heading id="B260BB1EC17EFF9CAD9DFC1CFB28D335" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17EFF9CAD9DFC1CFB28D335" authority="Grambast &amp; Grambast, 1954" authorityName="Grambast &amp; Grambast" authorityYear="1954" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Charophyta" rank="variety" species="peckii" variety="peckii">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17EFF9CAD9DFC1CFBA8D315" bold="true" box="[932,1113,1009,1032]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Raskyella peckii</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17EFF9CAAAAFC1CFB25D315" bold="true" box="[1171,1236,1009,1032]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">peckii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C17EFF9CAAE4FC1CFA92D315" author="Grambast, L. &amp; Grambast, N." box="[1245,1379,1009,1032]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" pagination="665 - 671" refId="ref11138" refString="Grambast, L. &amp; Grambast, N. 1954. Sur la position syst´ematique de quelques Charophytes tertiaires. Revue G´en´erale de Botanique, 61, 665 - 671." type="journal article" year="1954">Grambast &amp;</bibRefCitation>
Grambast, 1954
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A18D5FF9C17EFF9CAA79FBD9FB36D356" box="[1088,1223,1075,1099]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" type="description">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17EFF9CAA79FBD9FB36D356" blockId="4.[932,1379,1009,1099]" box="[1088,1223,1075,1099]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">
(
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C17EFF9CAA70FBD9FB4CD356" box="[1097,1213,1075,1099]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[159,226,1593,1614]" captionTargetBox="[169,1468,197,1572]" captionTargetId="figure-72@5.[159,1478,188,1572]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Raskyella peckii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. A–H, Raskyella pecki var. peckii (samples G-2.2, G- 2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1501–1508. A–E, lateral view; F, G, apical view; H, basal view. I–P, Raskyella peckii var. caliciformis (samples G-2.5 and G-6a), HNHM-PBO 1509–1516. I–K lateral view; L, lateral view of gyrogonite partially broken showing internal cast; M, internal cast with well-developed undulations; N, O, apical view; P, basal view." pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Fig. 3A–H</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A18D5FF9C17EFF9CAD73FB99FC38D131" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17EFF9CAD73FB99FBC9D3B6" blockId="4.[842,1467,1140,1580]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">
1954 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17EFF9CADB4FB99FBCAD396" authority="Trabelsi &amp; Sames &amp; Wagreich &amp; Ḱazḿ &amp;  &amp; Mart́ın-Clo, 2021" authorityName="Trabelsi &amp; Sames &amp; Wagreich &amp; Ḱazḿ &amp;  &amp; Mart́ın-Clo" authorityYear="2021" box="[909,1083,1140,1163]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="pecki" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17EFF9CADB4FB99FBCAD396" box="[909,1083,1140,1163]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Raskyella pecki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0D06D1BC17EFF9CAA70FB99FB54D396" box="[1097,1189,1140,1163]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Grambast &amp; Grambast: 670, text-fig. 1a–c.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17EFF9CAD73FB59FA7BD3D6" blockId="4.[842,1467,1140,1580]" box="[842,1418,1204,1228]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">
1957 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17EFF9CADB1FB59FB57D3D6" authority="Grambast" authorityName="Grambast" box="[904,1190,1204,1227]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="pecki">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17EFF9CADB1FB59FBC0D3D6" box="[904,1073,1204,1227]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Raskyella pecki</emphasis>
Grambast
</taxonomicName>
: 358, pl. 5, figs 7–9.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17EFF9CAD73FB39FC18D216" blockId="4.[842,1467,1140,1580]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">
1958 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17EFF9CADB7FB39FB48D3F6" authority="Grambast" authorityName="Grambast" box="[910,1209,1236,1259]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="pecki">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17EFF9CADB7FB39FBCCD3F6" box="[910,1085,1236,1259]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Raskyella pecki</emphasis>
Grambast
</taxonomicName>
: 190, fig 87a–c; 191, text-fig. 88.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17EFF9CAD73FAF9FC26D251" blockId="4.[842,1467,1140,1580]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">
1959 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17EFF9CADA1FAF9FB51D236" authority="Horn" authorityName="Horn" box="[920,1184,1300,1323]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="pecki">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17EFF9CADA1FAF9FBA1D236" box="[920,1104,1300,1323]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Raskyella pecki</emphasis>
Horn
</taxonomicName>
af Rantzien: pl. 19, figs 7–13.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17EFF9CAD73FAB9FC28D291" blockId="4.[842,1467,1140,1580]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">
1971 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17EFF9CADB1FAB9FA46D276" baseAuthorityName="Soulie-Marsche" baseAuthorityYear="1971" box="[904,1463,1363,1387]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Charophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="peckii" subSpecies="ganesensis">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17EFF9CADB1FAB9FBC8D276" box="[904,1081,1364,1387]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Raskyella peckii</emphasis>
subsp. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17EFF9CAAB7FAB9FAF3D276" box="[1166,1282,1364,1387]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">ganesensis</emphasis>
Soulíe-M¨arsche
</taxonomicName>
: pl. 2, 1–5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17EFF9CAD73FA78FBFCD2D1" blockId="4.[842,1467,1140,1580]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">
1981 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17EFF9CADB2FA78FB0DD2B1" authority="Anadon &amp; Feist" authorityName="Anadon &amp; Feist" box="[907,1276,1429,1452]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="pecki">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17EFF9CADB2FA78FBC6D2B1" box="[907,1079,1429,1452]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Raskyella pecki</emphasis>
Anadon &amp; Feist
</taxonomicName>
: pl. 1, figs 1, 2; pl. 2, figs 3, 4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17EFF9CAD73FA38FAA3D2F1" blockId="4.[842,1467,1140,1580]" box="[842,1362,1492,1516]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">
1986 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17EFF9CADB1FA38FB68D2F1" authority="Riveline" authorityName="Riveline" box="[904,1177,1493,1516]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="pecki">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17EFF9CADB1FA38FBC0D2F1" box="[904,1073,1493,1516]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Raskyella pecki</emphasis>
Riveline
</taxonomicName>
: pl. 37, figs 7–9.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17EFF9CAD73FA18FC38D131" blockId="4.[842,1467,1140,1580]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">
1999a 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17EFF9CADA0FA18FBB6D111" authority="Grambast &amp; Grambast, 1954" authorityName="Grambast &amp; Grambast" authorityYear="1954" box="[921,1095,1525,1548]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="pecki">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17EFF9CADA0FA18FBB6D111" box="[921,1095,1525,1548]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Raskyella pecki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mart́ın-Closas 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17EFF9CAAC5FA18FAC3D111" box="[1276,1330,1525,1548]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">et al</emphasis>
.: 11, pl. 6, figs 1–3.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A18D5FF9C17EFF9CAD75F9A8FAA6D181" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17EFF9CAD75F9A8FAA6D181" blockId="4.[844,1467,1605,1693]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17EFF9CAD75F9A8FC46D141" bold="true" box="[844,951,1605,1628]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Material.</emphasis>
Up to 65 gyrogonites in sample G-2.4, and dozens in samples G-2.2 and G-2.3. Collection numbers of figured specimens: 
<collectionCode id="8F8694B7C17EFF9CAA78F968FB3ED181" box="[1089,1231,1669,1692]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">HNHM-PBO</collectionCode>
1501–1508.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A18D5FF9C17EFF9DAD75F958FAC5D070" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="545" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" type="description">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17EFF9DAD75F958FAC5D070" blockId="4.[844,1467,1717,1901]" lastBlockId="5.[844,1467,1782,1901]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="545" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17EFF9CAD75F958FC26D1D1" bold="true" box="[844,983,1717,1740]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Description.</emphasis>
Gyrogonites are ovoidal to ellipsoidal in shape, spherical to sub-prolate (
<collectionCode id="8F8694B7C17EFF9CAAFCF93BFB16D1F0" box="[1221,1255,1750,1773]" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b27w-7z36" name="Geological Museum, Indian Statistical Institute" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">ISI</collectionCode>
100–120) and of large size, 800–1050 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17EFF9CAA03F918FBB8D010" bold="true" box="[1082,1097,1781,1805]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">
<collectionCode id="8F8694B7C17EFF9CAA03F918FBB8D010" box="[1082,1097,1781,1805]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
m in height and 750–1050 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17EFF9CAB41F918FA76D010" bold="true" box="[1400,1415,1781,1805]" pageId="4" pageNumber="544">
<collectionCode id="8F8694B7C17EFF9CAB41F918FA76D010" box="[1400,1415,1781,1805]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="4" pageNumber="544" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
m in width, showing laterally 7–10 (usually nine) convolutions (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C17EFF9CADAAF8DBFC22D050" box="[915,979,1846,1869]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="6.[159,226,1056,1077]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1035]" captionTargetId="figure-395@6.[159,1467,188,1035]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 4. Frequency distribution of A, height, B, width, C, number of convolutions, and D, height/width ratio (ISI) of the Raskyella peckii var. peckii population (50 gyrogonites measured), from samples G-2.2, G-2.3, and G-2.4 in the bauxite cover-sequence of the Ǵant section." pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Spiral cells often flat (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C17EFF9CAADFF8DBFACBD050" box="[1254,1338,1846,1869]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[159,226,1593,1614]" captionTargetBox="[169,1468,197,1572]" captionTargetId="figure-72@5.[159,1478,188,1572]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Raskyella peckii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. A–H, Raskyella pecki var. peckii (samples G-2.2, G- 2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1501–1508. A–E, lateral view; F, G, apical view; H, basal view. I–P, Raskyella peckii var. caliciformis (samples G-2.5 and G-6a), HNHM-PBO 1509–1516. I–K lateral view; L, lateral view of gyrogonite partially broken showing internal cast; M, internal cast with well-developed undulations; N, O, apical view; P, basal view." pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
) to slightly convex (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C17EFF9CAD89F8BBFBF6D070" box="[944,1031,1878,1901]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[159,226,1593,1614]" captionTargetBox="[169,1468,197,1572]" captionTargetId="figure-72@5.[159,1478,188,1572]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Raskyella peckii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. A–H, Raskyella pecki var. peckii (samples G-2.2, G- 2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1501–1508. A–E, lateral view; F, G, apical view; H, basal view. I–P, Raskyella peckii var. caliciformis (samples G-2.5 and G-6a), HNHM-PBO 1509–1516. I–K lateral view; L, lateral view of gyrogonite partially broken showing internal cast; M, internal cast with well-developed undulations; N, O, apical view; P, basal view." pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
), or concave (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C17EFF9CAA8FF8BBFAFFD070" box="[1206,1294,1878,1901]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[159,226,1593,1614]" captionTargetBox="[169,1468,197,1572]" captionTargetId="figure-72@5.[159,1478,188,1572]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Raskyella peckii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. A–H, Raskyella pecki var. peckii (samples G-2.2, G- 2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1501–1508. A–E, lateral view; F, G, apical view; H, basal view. I–P, Raskyella peckii var. caliciformis (samples G-2.5 and G-6a), HNHM-PBO 1509–1516. I–K lateral view; L, lateral view of gyrogonite partially broken showing internal cast; M, internal cast with well-developed undulations; N, O, apical view; P, basal view." pageId="4" pageNumber="544">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
), but regularly without any kind of ornamentation. Apex broadly rounded, truncated and flattened, with the spiral cells abruptly discontinuing and ending acutely in the apical periphery to be replaced by the development of five opercular cells, each obliquely disposed at the end of a spiral cell (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C17FFF9DADEDF8FBFBD9D030" box="[980,1064,1814,1837]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[159,226,1593,1614]" captionTargetBox="[169,1468,197,1572]" captionTargetId="figure-72@5.[159,1478,188,1572]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Raskyella peckii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. A–H, Raskyella pecki var. peckii (samples G-2.2, G- 2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1501–1508. A–E, lateral view; F, G, apical view; H, basal view. I–P, Raskyella peckii var. caliciformis (samples G-2.5 and G-6a), HNHM-PBO 1509–1516. I–K lateral view; L, lateral view of gyrogonite partially broken showing internal cast; M, internal cast with well-developed undulations; N, O, apical view; P, basal view." pageId="5" pageNumber="545">Fig. 3F</figureCitation>
). Germinated specimens (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C17FFF9DAB61F8FBFA43D030" box="[1368,1458,1814,1837]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[159,226,1593,1614]" captionTargetBox="[169,1468,197,1572]" captionTargetId="figure-72@5.[159,1478,188,1572]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Raskyella peckii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. A–H, Raskyella pecki var. peckii (samples G-2.2, G- 2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1501–1508. A–E, lateral view; F, G, apical view; H, basal view. I–P, Raskyella peckii var. caliciformis (samples G-2.5 and G-6a), HNHM-PBO 1509–1516. I–K lateral view; L, lateral view of gyrogonite partially broken showing internal cast; M, internal cast with well-developed undulations; N, O, apical view; P, basal view." pageId="5" pageNumber="545">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
) show a rose-shaped apical opening. Internal casts of these gyrogonites were also found (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C17FFF9DAAEAF8BBFAD4D070" box="[1235,1317,1878,1901]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[159,226,1593,1614]" captionTargetBox="[169,1468,197,1572]" captionTargetId="figure-72@5.[159,1478,188,1572]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Raskyella peckii gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. A–H, Raskyella pecki var. peckii (samples G-2.2, G- 2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1501–1508. A–E, lateral view; F, G, apical view; H, basal view. I–P, Raskyella peckii var. caliciformis (samples G-2.5 and G-6a), HNHM-PBO 1509–1516. I–K lateral view; L, lateral view of gyrogonite partially broken showing internal cast; M, internal cast with well-developed undulations; N, O, apical view; P, basal view." pageId="5" pageNumber="545">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="BDE85CFAC17FFF9DAEA6F9D4FB5CD183" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" startId="5.[159,226,1593,1614]" targetBox="[169,1468,197,1572]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17FFF9DAEA6F9D4FB5CD183" blockId="5.[159,1467,1592,1694]" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17FFF9DAEA6F9D4FF0CD153" bold="true" box="[159,253,1593,1614]" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17FFF9DAF30F9D4FE56D153" authorityName="Grambast &amp; Grambast" authorityYear="1954" box="[265,423,1593,1614]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="peckii">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17FFF9DAF30F9D4FE56D153" box="[265,423,1593,1614]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">Raskyella peckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17FFF9DAD89F9D4FC14D153" bold="true" box="[944,997,1593,1615]" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A–H,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17FFF9DADD7F9D4FB04D153" box="[1006,1269,1593,1614]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Charophyta" rank="variety" species="pecki" variety="peckii">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17FFF9DADD7F9D4FB77D153" box="[1006,1158,1593,1614]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">Raskyella pecki</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17FFF9DAA85F9D4FB04D153" box="[1212,1269,1593,1614]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">peckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1501–1508. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17FFF9DACACF9B9FD39D174" bold="true" box="[661,712,1620,1642]" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">A–E,</emphasis>
lateral view; 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17FFF9DAD6EF9B9FC7ED174" bold="true" box="[855,911,1620,1641]" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">F, G,</emphasis>
apical view; 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17FFF9DAA22F9B9FBC5D174" bold="true" box="[1051,1076,1620,1641]" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">H,</emphasis>
basal view. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17FFF9DAA81F9B9FB13D174" bold="true" box="[1208,1250,1620,1642]" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">I–P,</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17FFF9DAAD5F9B9FEE1D199" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="5" pageNumber="545" phylum="Charophyta" rank="variety" species="peckii" variety="caliciformis">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17FFF9DAAD5F9B9FA7DD174" box="[1260,1420,1620,1641]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">Raskyella peckii</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17FFF9DAEA6F982FEE1D199" box="[159,272,1647,1668]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">caliciformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(samples G-2.5 and G-6a), HNHM-PBO 1509–1516. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17FFF9DAD0FF982FCAED199" bold="true" box="[822,863,1646,1668]" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">I–K</emphasis>
lateral view; 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17FFF9DADD6F982FBF4D199" bold="true" box="[1007,1029,1647,1668]" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">L,</emphasis>
lateral view of gyrogonite partially broken showing internal cast; 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17FFF9DAF42F964FE69D183" bold="true" box="[379,408,1673,1694]" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">M,</emphasis>
internal cast with well-developed undulations; 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17FFF9DAD5CF964FC6CD183" bold="true" box="[869,925,1673,1694]" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">N, O,</emphasis>
apical view; 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17FFF9DAA1BF964FBC6D183" bold="true" box="[1058,1079,1673,1694]" pageId="5" pageNumber="545">P,</emphasis>
basal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="BDE85CFAC17CFF9EAEA6FBCDFEEED376" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" startId="6.[159,226,1056,1077]" targetBox="[159,1467,188,1035]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17CFF9EAEA6FBCDFEEED376" blockId="6.[159,1466,1056,1131]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAEA6FBCDFF0CD328" bold="true" box="[159,253,1056,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Frequency distribution of 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAC3EFBCDFDEFD328" bold="true" box="[519,542,1056,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">A,</emphasis>
height, 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAC49FBCDFD77D328" bold="true" box="[624,646,1056,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">B,</emphasis>
width, 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EACEAFBCDFD1BD328" bold="true" box="[723,746,1056,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">C,</emphasis>
number of convolutions, and 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAA2AFBCDFBDAD328" bold="true" box="[1043,1067,1056,1077]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">D,</emphasis>
height/width ratio (ISI) of the 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17CFF9EAB67FBCDFEB6D34D" authority="var. peckii" authorityName="var. peckii Grambast &amp; Grambast" authorityYear="1954" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" phylum="Charophyta" rank="variety" species="peckii" variety="peckii">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAB67FBCDFF29D34D" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">Raskyella peckii</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAF37FBD6FEB6D34D" box="[270,327,1083,1104]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">peckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
population (50 gyrogonites measured), from samples G-2.2, G-2.3, and G-2.4 in the bauxite cover-sequence of the Ǵant section.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="A18D5FF9C17CFF9EAEA6FB79FDA2D1A4" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17CFF9EAEA6FB79FE14D2AF" blockId="6.[159,781,1172,1722]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAEA6FB79FEFCD3B6" bold="true" box="[159,269,1172,1195]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">Remarks.</emphasis>
The contemporaneous unornamented gyrogonites of 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17CFF9EAF1BFB59FD41D3D6" box="[290,688,1204,1227]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" phylum="Charophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="peckii" subSpecies="ganesensis">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAF1BFB59FE28D3D6" box="[290,473,1204,1227]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">Raskyella peckii</emphasis>
subsp. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAC05FB59FD41D3D6" box="[572,688,1204,1227]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">ganesensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Soulí 
<collectionCode id="8F8694B7C17CFF9EAEA6FB3BFF47D3F0" box="[159,182,1238,1261]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" type="Herbarium">e-M</collectionCode>
¨arsche, 1971 from the 
<collectingRegion id="2B53C290C17CFF9EAFD8FB3BFDBBD3F0" box="[481,586,1238,1261]" country="France" name="Aquitaine" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">Aquitaine</collectingRegion>
Basin (
<collectingCountry id="91804CE2C17CFF9EAC83FB3BFCF7D3F0" box="[698,774,1238,1261]" name="France" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">France</collectingCountry>
) appear to represent a gyrogonite population of relatively smaller size within 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17CFF9EAFBDFAF5FD9CD232" authority="var. peckii" authorityName="var. peckii Grambast &amp; Grambast" authorityYear="1954" box="[388,621,1304,1327]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" phylum="Charophyta" rank="variety" species="peckii" variety="peckii">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAFBDFAF5FE18D232" box="[388,489,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">R. peckii</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAC14FAF5FD9CD232" box="[557,621,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">peckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and both are here considered synonymous. However, supplementary research on the 
<typeStatus id="362CB2D0C17CFF9EAF65FAB4FE7BD26D" box="[348,394,1369,1392]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">type</typeStatus>
material is needed to verify this synonymy, since the morphotype 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAC04FA97FD52D28C" box="[573,675,1402,1425]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">ganesesis</emphasis>
is only known from the 
<typeStatus id="362CB2D0C17CFF9EAF6FFA76FE75D2AF" box="[342,388,1435,1458]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17CFF9EAE80FA56FDA2D1A4" blockId="6.[159,781,1172,1722]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">
Additionally, the subspecies 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17CFF9EAC3CFA56FE28D2EE" authority="Grambast, 1960" authorityName="Grambast" authorityYear="1960" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" phylum="Charophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="peckii" subSpecies="meridionale">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAC3CFA56FD4AD2CF" box="[517,699,1467,1490]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">Raskyella peckii</emphasis>
subsp. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAEA6FA31FED1D2EE" box="[159,288,1500,1523]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">meridionale</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C17CFF9EAF12FA31FE28D2EE" author="Grambast, L." box="[299,473,1500,1523]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" pagination="192 - 198" refId="ref10986" refString="Grambast, L. 1960. Description et signification stratigraphique de deux charophytes d' origine saharienne. Revue de Micropal´eontologie, 4, 192 - 198." type="journal article" year="1960">Grambast, 1960</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, is kept within the rank of subspecies due to its palaeogeographical restriction. The extremely large gyrogonites of this subspecies are limited to the southern-most biogeographical range of 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17CFF9EAEA6F98DFEA0D16A" authorityName="Grambast &amp; Grambast" authorityYear="1954" box="[159,337,1632,1655]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="peckii">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAEA6F98DFEA0D16A" box="[159,337,1632,1655]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">Raskyella peckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, i.e. 
<collectingCountry id="91804CE2C17CFF9EAFB4F98DFE2CD16A" box="[397,477,1632,1655]" name="Algeria" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">Algeria</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C17CFF9EAFD6F98DFD68D16A" author="Grambast, L." box="[495,665,1632,1655]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" pagination="192 - 198" refId="ref10986" refString="Grambast, L. 1960. Description et signification stratigraphique de deux charophytes d' origine saharienne. Revue de Micropal´eontologie, 4, 192 - 198." type="journal article" year="1960">Grambast 1960</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C17CFF9EAC92F98DFED4D185" author="Mebrouk, F. &amp; Mahboubi, M. &amp; Bessedik, M. &amp; Feist, M." pageId="6" pageNumber="546" pagination="171 - 177" refId="ref11836" refString="Mebrouk, F., Mahboubi, M., Bessedik, M. &amp; Feist, M. 1997. L' apport des charophytes`a la stratigraphie des formations continentales Pal´eog`enes de l' Alg´erie. Geobios, 30, 171 - 177." type="journal article" year="1997">
Mebrouk 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAEA6F96CFF29D185" box="[159,216,1665,1688]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">et al</emphasis>
. 1997
</bibRefCitation>
) and the Betic Domain of the Balearic Islands (Mart́ın-Closas &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C17CFF9EAF82F94FFDB2D1A4" author="Ramos, E." box="[443,579,1698,1721]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" pagination="39 - 58" refId="ref11806" refString="Mart´in-Closas, C. &amp; Ramos, E. 2005. Palaeogene charophytes of the Balearic Islands (Spain). Geologica Acta, 3, 39 - 58." type="journal article" year="2005">Ramos 2005</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A18D5FF9C17CFF9EAEA6F93FFB27D12E" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C17CFF9EAEA6F93FFB27D12E" blockId="6.[159,781,1746,1901]" lastBlockId="6.[844,1467,1171,1587]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAEA6F93FFEC0D1F4" bold="true" box="[159,305,1746,1769]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">Distribution.</emphasis>
This is the first record of 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17CFF9EAC4AF93FFF2ED017" authority="var. peckii" authorityName="var. peckii Grambast &amp; Grambast" authorityYear="1954" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" phylum="Charophyta" rank="variety" species="peckii" variety="peckii">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAC4AF93FFD72D1F4" box="[627,643,1746,1769]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">R</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EACAEF93FFD26D1F4" box="[663,727,1746,1769]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">peckii</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAEA6F91EFF2ED017" box="[159,223,1779,1802]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">peckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in 
<collectingCountry id="91804CE2C17CFF9EAF36F91EFE9DD017" box="[271,364,1779,1802]" name="Hungary" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">Hungary</collectingCountry>
and central Europe. This variety is widely distributed in the Lutetian and lower Bartonian of southern Europe, mainly in 
<collectingCountry id="91804CE2C17CFF9EAC25F8D8FD94D051" box="[540,613,1845,1868]" name="France" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">France</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C17CFF9EAC44F8D8FEB9D070" author="Grambast, L. &amp; Grambast, N." pageId="6" pageNumber="546" pagination="665 - 671" refId="ref11138" refString="Grambast, L. &amp; Grambast, N. 1954. Sur la position syst´ematique de quelques Charophytes tertiaires. Revue G´en´erale de Botanique, 61, 665 - 671." type="journal article" year="1954">Grambast &amp; Grambast 1954</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C17CFF9EAF64F8BBFDF7D070" author="Grambast, L." box="[349,518,1878,1901]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" refId="ref10922" refString="Grambast, L. 1958. Etude sur les Charophytes tertiaires d'Europe Occidentale et leurs rapports avec les formes actuelles. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Paris, 286 pp." type="book" year="1958">Grambast 1958</bibRefCitation>
; Soulíe-M¨arsche 1971, 1974; 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C17CFF9EADADFB7EFBDCD3B7" author="Riveline, J." box="[916,1069,1171,1194]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" pagination="1 - 583" refId="ref12315" refString="Riveline, J. 1984. Les gisements`a charophytes du C´enozoique (Danien`a Burdigalien) d' Europe occidentale: lithostratigraphie, biostratigraphie, chronostratigraphie. Bulletin d'Information des G´eologues du Bassin de Paris, 4, 1 - 583." type="journal article" year="1984">Riveline 1984</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C17CFF9EAA06FB7EFB85D3B7" author="Riveline, J." box="[1087,1140,1171,1194]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" refId="ref12359" refString="Riveline, J. 1986. Les charophytes du Pal´eog`ene et du Mioc`ene inf´erieur d'Europe occidentale. Cahiers de Pal´eontologie (´edition du C. N. R. S), Paris, 227 pp." type="book" year="1986">1986</bibRefCitation>
) and 
<collectingCountry id="91804CE2C17CFF9EAA81FB7EFB04D3B7" box="[1208,1269,1171,1194]" name="Spain" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">Spain</collectingCountry>
(Anadon &amp; Feist 1981; Anadon 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EADCFFB59FBDBD3D6" box="[1014,1066,1204,1227]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">et al</emphasis>
. 1992; Mart́ın-Closas 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAB12FB59FAAED3D6" box="[1323,1375,1204,1227]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">et al</emphasis>
. 1999a; Mart́ın-Closas &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C17CFF9EAA2BFB38FB6CD3F1" author="Ramos, E." box="[1042,1181,1237,1260]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" pagination="39 - 58" refId="ref11806" refString="Mart´in-Closas, C. &amp; Ramos, E. 2005. Palaeogene charophytes of the Balearic Islands (Spain). Geologica Acta, 3, 39 - 58." type="journal article" year="2005">Ramos 2005</bibRefCitation>
). The total range of this variety (early Lutetian — late Bartonian) has been characterized in the Eastern Ebro Basin (
<collectingRegion id="2B53C290C17CFF9EAB25FAFBFA74D230" box="[1308,1413,1302,1325]" country="Spain" name="Catalunya" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">Catalonia</collectingRegion>
) by Mart́ın-Closas 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EADC9FADAFBD5D253" box="[1008,1060,1335,1358]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">et al</emphasis>
. (1999a) based on correlations with larger foraminifera (mainly 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17CFF9EAAA9FAB5FAFED272" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1801" box="[1168,1295,1368,1391]" class="Globothalamea" family="Nummulitidae" genus="Nummulites" kingdom="Chromista" order="Rotaliida" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" phylum="Foraminifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAAA9FAB5FAFED272" box="[1168,1295,1368,1391]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">Nummulites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Furthermore, 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C17CFF9EAD75FA95FBDCD292" authority="var. peckii" authorityName="var. peckii Grambast &amp; Grambast" authorityYear="1954" box="[844,1069,1400,1423]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" phylum="Charophyta" rank="variety" species="peckii" variety="peckii">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAD75FA95FCADD292" box="[844,860,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">R</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAD56FA95FC5ED292" box="[879,943,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">peckii</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EADD4FA95FBDCD292" box="[1005,1069,1400,1423]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">peckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been also reported from North Africa, i.e. in the lower Eocene of 
<collectingCountry id="91804CE2C17CFF9EAAEDFA74FAD5D2AD" box="[1236,1316,1433,1456]" name="Algeria" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">Algeria</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C17CFF9EAB0CFA74FC70D2CC" author="Gevin, P. &amp; Feist, M. &amp; Mongereau, N." pageId="6" pageNumber="546" pagination="371 - 374" refId="ref10780" refString="Gevin, P., Feist, M. &amp; Mongereau, N. 1974. D´ecouverte de charophytes d'ˆage Eoc`ene au Glib Zegdou (Sahara alg´erien). Bulletin de la Soci´et´e d'Histoire naturelle d'Afrique du Nord, 65, 371 - 374." type="journal article" year="1974">
Gevin 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EABBBFA74FA45D2AD" box="[1410,1460,1433,1456]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">et al</emphasis>
. 1974
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C17CFF9EADACFA57FB5ED2CC" author="Vianey-Liaud, M. &amp; Jaeger, J. - J. &amp; Hartenberger, J. - L. &amp; Mahboubi, M." box="[917,1199,1466,1489]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" pagination="93 - 118" refId="ref13035" refString="Vianey-Liaud, M., Jaeger, J. - J., Hartenberger, J. - L. &amp; Mahboubi, M. 1994. Les rongeurs de l'Eoc`ene d'Afrique nord-occidental (Glib Zegdou [Alg´erie] et Chambi [Tunisie]) et l'origine des Anomaluridae. Palaeovertebrata, 23, 93 - 118." type="journal article" year="1994">
Vianey-Liaud 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAA0DFA57FB99D2CC" box="[1076,1128,1466,1489]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">et al</emphasis>
. 1994
</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C17CFF9EAAFAFA57FA5AD2CC" author="Mebrouk, F. &amp; Mahboubi, M. &amp; Bessedik, M. &amp; Feist, M." box="[1219,1451,1466,1489]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" pagination="171 - 177" refId="ref11836" refString="Mebrouk, F., Mahboubi, M., Bessedik, M. &amp; Feist, M. 1997. L' apport des charophytes`a la stratigraphie des formations continentales Pal´eog`enes de l' Alg´erie. Geobios, 30, 171 - 177." type="journal article" year="1997">
Mebrouk 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAB09FA57FA95D2CC" box="[1328,1380,1466,1489]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">et al</emphasis>
. 1997
</bibRefCitation>
), in the late lower Eocene–early middle Eocene of 
<collectingCountry id="91804CE2C17CFF9EAD75FA16FC6DD10F" box="[844,924,1531,1554]" name="Tunisia" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
(Abdeljaoued 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C17CFF9EAA78FA16FB83D10F" box="[1089,1138,1531,1554]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">et al</emphasis>
. 1984) and in the Lutetian of 
<collectingCountry id="91804CE2C17CFF9EAD75F9F1FC7BD12E" box="[844,906,1564,1587]" name="Libya" pageId="6" pageNumber="546">Libya</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C17CFF9EADA2F9F1FB37D12E" author="Megerisi, M. F. &amp; Mamgain, V. D." box="[923,1222,1564,1587]" pageId="6" pageNumber="546" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref11881" refString="Megerisi, M. F. &amp; Mamgain, V. D. 1980. The Upper Cretaceous-Tertiary Formations of northern Libya: a synthesis. Department of Geological Researches and Mining Bulletin, 12, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="1980">Megerisi &amp; Mamgain 1980</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>