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<document id="3FB7733E37ED56194D972ABBF5D17AC6" ID-DOI="10.1080/14772019.2021.1938264" ID-ISSN="1478-0941" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10883641" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1711485737370" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Trabelsi, Khaled, Sames, Benjamin, Wagreich, Michael, K ́ azm ́, Miklos, , Andrea Mindszen &amp; Mart ́ ın-Clo, d Carles" docDate="2021" docId="613EBD64C172FF92ADA7FCDDFC2AD1F8" docLanguage="en" docName="JSystPalaeontol.19.7.541-563.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 19 (7)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2021.1938264" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6400638016C1F4AE0D0B6502E032D571.1:JSystPalaeontol.2016-.journal_article.closed" docStyleId="6400638016C1F4AE0D0B6502E032D571" docStyleName="JSystPalaeontol.2016-.journal_article.closed" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Gyrogona caelata Grambast &amp; Grambast-Fessard 1956" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="550" masterDocId="9D07C51CC17AFF98AE39FFEDFFF1D71D" masterDocTitle="A new diverse charophyte flora and biozonation of the Eocene bauxite cover-sequence at G ant (V ertes Hills, Hungary)" masterLastPageNumber="563" masterPageNumber="541" pageNumber="548" updateTime="1712667368446" updateUser="diego">
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<mods:title id="16937A2AC5EAA1C6F20CF20C46B1A618">A new diverse charophyte flora and biozonation of the Eocene bauxite cover-sequence at G ant (V ertes Hills, Hungary)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1B7EFBCB2643FEA14CC96BCC4B12CB7A">Trabelsi, Khaled</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5A8F67F9ED317E9B815CD07A3A9370BE">Universit ́ e de Sfax, Facult ́ e des Sciences de Sfax, CP 3000, Sfax, Tunisia; &amp; Universit ́ e de Tunis El Manar II, Facult ́ e des Sciences de Tunis, LR 18 ES 07, C. P. 2092, Tunis, Tunisia; &amp; Department of Geology, University of Vienna, UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9EA954A59485411C7F9C2D2A74CA59BD">Sames, Benjamin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="1B7E574D960AB054E862CBFAC3702BDE">Department of Geology, University of Vienna, UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria; &amp; Sam Noble Museum, University of Oklahoma, 2401 Chautauqua Ave, Norman, OK 73072, USA;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B8A871EA3A4F11B2AC2F3B1266C11910">Wagreich, Michael</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="32915ED71E221C1778364CA74297E490">Department of Geology, University of Vienna, UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="404A40255EF7CB84BEA33A8B973A998C">K ́ azm ́, Miklos</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="314245C5A0DB29DEE4A13CA22BB4ACE0">Department of Palaeontology &amp; MTA-ELTE Geological, Geophysical and Space Science Research Group, Eotvos Lorand University, Pazmany P ́ eter s ́ etany 1 / C, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="36836B4D2F24996A349B6A3BA5CB9272">, Andrea Mindszen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="858C24E18784C580ADBECCDD5FC4B34D">2021</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90ADA7FCDDFB28D47A" blockId="8.[859,1453,640,909]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90ADA7FCDDFB28D47A" authority="(Reid &amp; Groves, 1921) Grambast, 1956" authorityName="Grambast &amp; Grambast-Fessard" authorityYear="1956" baseAuthorityName="Reid &amp; Groves" baseAuthorityYear="1921" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Gyrogona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="caelata">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90ADA7FCDDFB95D45A" bold="true" box="[926,1124,816,839]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Gyrogona caelata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C172FF90AA4AFCDDFA91D45A" author="Reid, C. &amp; Groves, J." box="[1139,1376,816,839]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" pagination="175 - 192" refId="ref12271" refString="Reid, C. &amp; Groves, J. 1921. The Charophyta of the Lower Headon Beds of Hordle (Hordwell) Cliffs (South Hampshire). Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 77, 175 - 192." type="journal article" year="1921">Reid &amp; Groves, 1921</bibRefCitation>
) 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C172FF90AA14FCBDFB28D47A" author="Grambast, L." box="[1069,1241,848,871]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" pagination="278 - 280" refId="ref10862" refString="Grambast, L. 1956. Le genre Gyrogona Lamarck (Characeae). Compte Rendu Sommaire des S´eances de la Soci´et´e G´eologique de France, 14, 278 - 280." type="journal article" year="1956">Grambast, 1956</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A18D5FF9C172FF90AA78FC98FB36D491" box="[1089,1223,885,909]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" type="description">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AA78FC98FB36D491" blockId="8.[859,1453,640,909]" box="[1089,1223,885,909]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
(
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C172FF90AA70FC98FB4CD491" box="[1097,1213,885,909]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[159,226,1532,1553]" captionTargetBox="[164,784,474,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-451@11.[159,787,474,1511]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Gyrogona caelata gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. A–G, Gyrogona caelata forma caelata (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1535–1553. A, B, D, E, basal view; C, detail of the ornamentation pattern; F, basal view; G, apical view. H–K, Gyrogona caelata forma bicincta (samples G-6a and G-6b) in H, lateral view; I, detail of the ornamentation pattern; J, K, apical view. L, M, Gyrogona caelata forma monolifera (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5). L, lateral view; M, basal view. N–Q, Gyrogona caelata forma baccata (samples G-2.5, G-6a, and G-6b). N, O, lateral view; P, basal view; Q, apical view. R–V, Gyrogona caelata forma fasciata (samples G-6a and G-6b). R, lateral view; S, T, apical view; U, V, detail of the simple (unipartite) basal plate." pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Fig. 8A–V</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A18D5FF9C172FF90AD73FC58FC2FD270" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AD73FC58FC38D4F1" blockId="8.[842,1467,949,1389]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
1921 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90ADB0FC58FBD7D4D1" authority="Trabelsi &amp; Sames &amp; Wagreich &amp; Ḱazḿ &amp;  &amp; Mart́ın-Clo, 2021" authorityName="Trabelsi &amp; Sames &amp; Wagreich &amp; Ḱazḿ &amp;  &amp; Mart́ın-Clo" authorityYear="2021" box="[905,1062,949,972]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Chara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="caelata" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90ADB0FC58FBD7D4D1" box="[905,1062,949,972]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Chara caelata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0D06D1BC172FF90AA16FC58FB76D4D1" box="[1071,1159,949,972]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Reid &amp; Groves: 184, pl. 4, figs 4–6.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AD73FC18FB46D311" blockId="8.[842,1467,949,1389]" box="[842,1207,1013,1036]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
1927 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90ADB1FC18FB78D311" authority="Pia" authorityName="Pia" box="[904,1161,1013,1036]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Kosmogyra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="caelata">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90ADB1FC18FBAAD311" box="[904,1115,1013,1036]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Kosmogyra caelata</emphasis>
Pia
</taxonomicName>
: 90.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AD73FBF8FA62D331" blockId="8.[842,1467,949,1389]" box="[842,1427,1045,1068]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
1954 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90ADBFFBF8FAABD331" authority="Grambast &amp; Grambast" authorityName="Grambast &amp; Grambast" box="[902,1370,1045,1068]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Brachychara" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="caelata">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90ADBFFBF8FBAED331" box="[902,1119,1045,1068]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Brachychara caelata</emphasis>
Grambast &amp; Grambast
</taxonomicName>
: 667.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AD73FBD8FB0DD351" blockId="8.[842,1467,949,1389]" box="[842,1276,1077,1100]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
1956 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90ADB1FBD8FB31D351" authority="Grambast" authorityName="Grambast &amp; Grambast-Fessard" authorityYear="1956" baseAuthorityName="Reid &amp; Groves" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[904,1216,1077,1100]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Gyrogona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="caelata">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90ADB1FBD8FBBDD351" box="[904,1100,1077,1100]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Gyrogona caelata</emphasis>
Grambast
</taxonomicName>
: 280.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AD73FBB8FAD0D371" blockId="8.[842,1467,949,1389]" box="[842,1313,1109,1132]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
1977b 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90ADACFBB8FB17D371" authority="Feist-Castel" authorityName="Feist-Castel" box="[917,1254,1109,1132]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Gyrogona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="caelata">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90ADACFBB8FBA8D371" box="[917,1113,1109,1132]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Gyrogona caelata</emphasis>
Feist-Castel
</taxonomicName>
: 117.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AD73FB98FB11D3B1" blockId="8.[842,1467,949,1389]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
1981 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90ADB2FB98FA46D391" authority="Grambast &amp; Grambast-Fessard" authorityName="Grambast &amp; Grambast-Fessard" authorityYear="1956" baseAuthorityName="Reid &amp; Groves" baseAuthorityYear="1921" box="[907,1463,1141,1164]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Gyrogona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="caelata">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90ADB2FB98FBA3D391" box="[907,1106,1141,1164]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Gyrogona caelata</emphasis>
Grambast &amp; Grambast-Fessard
</taxonomicName>
: 22, text-fig. 11a–f; pl. 4, figs 1–9.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AD73FB58FA96D3D1" blockId="8.[842,1467,949,1389]" box="[842,1383,1205,1228]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
1981 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90ADB1FB58FADDD3D1" authority="Anadon &amp; Feist" authorityName="Anadon &amp; Feist" box="[904,1324,1205,1228]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Gyrogona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="caelata">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90ADB1FB58FC05D3D1" box="[904,1012,1205,1228]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Gyrogona</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AA18FB58FB81D3D1" box="[1057,1136,1205,1228]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">caelata</emphasis>
Anadon &amp; Feist
</taxonomicName>
: 163.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AD73FB38FA56D3F1" blockId="8.[842,1467,949,1389]" box="[842,1447,1237,1261]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
1986 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90ADB1FB38FB42D3F1" authority="Riveline" authorityName="Riveline" box="[904,1203,1237,1260]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Gyrogona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="caelata">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90ADB1FB38FBBDD3F1" box="[904,1100,1237,1260]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Gyrogona caelata</emphasis>
Riveline
</taxonomicName>
: pl. 38, figs 1–5, 7, 8.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AD73FB18FAB6D211" blockId="8.[842,1467,949,1389]" box="[842,1351,1269,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
1989 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90ADB1FB18FB7DD211" authority="Choi" authorityName="Choi" box="[904,1164,1269,1292]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Gyrogona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="caelata">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90ADB1FB18FBBDD211" box="[904,1100,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Gyrogona caelata</emphasis>
Choi
</taxonomicName>
: pl. 2, figs 1–11.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AD73FAF8FA7FD231" blockId="8.[842,1467,949,1389]" box="[842,1422,1301,1324]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
1991 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90ADBFFAF8FB0BD231" authority="Weidmann et al." authorityName="Weidmann" box="[902,1274,1301,1324]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Gyrogona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="caelata">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90ADBFFAF8FBB3D231" box="[902,1090,1301,1324]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Gyrogona caelata</emphasis>
Weidmann 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AAFDFAF8FB02D231" box="[1220,1267,1301,1324]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">et al</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicName>
: 900, fig. 3C.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AD73FAD8FC2FD270" blockId="8.[842,1467,949,1389]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
2014 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C172FF90ADB2FAD8FB42D251" authority="Sanjuan" authorityName="Sanjuan" box="[907,1203,1333,1356]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Gyrogona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="caelata">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90ADB2FAD8FBA3D251" box="[907,1106,1333,1356]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Gyrogona caelata</emphasis>
Sanjuan
</taxonomicName>
&amp; Mart́ın-Closas: 403, fig. 7 
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–C.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A18D5FF9C172FF90AD75FA68FB13D2E0" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF90AD75FA68FB13D2E0" blockId="8.[844,1467,1413,1533]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AD75FA68FC46D281" bold="true" box="[844,951,1413,1436]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Material.</emphasis>
Fifty-six gyrogonites in sample G-2.2, 
<quantity id="2E6FA197C172FF90AB46FA68FA4AD281" box="[1407,1467,1413,1436]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.652" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" unit="in" value="38.0">38 in</quantity>
sample G-2.3, 
<quantity id="2E6FA197C172FF90ADCBFA48FBDDD2A1" box="[1010,1068,1445,1468]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.366" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" unit="in" value="29.0">29 in</quantity>
sample G-2.4, 
<quantity id="2E6FA197C172FF90AAE2FA48FAE7D2A1" box="[1243,1302,1445,1468]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.572" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" unit="in" value="18.0">18 in</quantity>
sample G-2.5, and 
<quantity id="2E6FA197C172FF90AD46FA2BFC4AD2C0" box="[895,955,1478,1501]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.842" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" unit="in" value="23.0">23 in</quantity>
sample G-6a. Collection numbers of figured specimens: 
<collectionCode id="8F8694B7C172FF90ADF5FA0BFBABD2E0" box="[972,1114,1510,1533]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">HNHM-PBO</collectionCode>
1535–1553.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A18D5FF9C172FF92AD75F9FBFEABD070" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="550" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" type="description">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C172FF92AD75F9FBFEABD070" blockId="8.[844,1467,1557,1901]" lastBlockId="10.[159,781,1230,1902]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="550" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AD75F9FBFC26D130" bold="true" box="[844,983,1558,1581]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Description.</emphasis>
Medium to large gyrogonites, 600–800 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90ABAEF9F8FA57D130" bold="true" box="[1431,1446,1557,1581]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
<collectionCode id="8F8694B7C172FF90ABAEF9F8FA57D130" box="[1431,1446,1557,1581]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
m high and 700–1000 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C172FF90AA0FF9D8FBB4D150" bold="true" box="[1078,1093,1589,1613]" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">
<collectionCode id="8F8694B7C172FF90AA0FF9D8FBB4D150" box="[1078,1093,1589,1613]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="8" pageNumber="548" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
</emphasis>
m wide with generally oblate to sub-oblate spheroidal shape (
<collectionCode id="8F8694B7C172FF90AAAEF9BBFB48D170" box="[1175,1209,1622,1645]" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b27w-7z36" name="Geological Museum, Indian Statistical Institute" pageId="8" pageNumber="548">ISI</collectionCode>
80–100) and showing laterally 5–7 (usually six) convolutions (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C172FF90AB26F99BFA95D190" box="[1311,1380,1654,1677]" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="12.[159,226,1054,1075]" captionTargetBox="[159,1467,188,1033]" captionTargetId="figure-178@12.[159,1467,188,1033]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 9. Frequency distribution of A, height, B, width, C, number of convolutions, and D, height/width ratio (ISI) of the Gyrogona caelata population (50 gyrogonites measured), from samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, G-2.5, and G-6a in the bauxite cover-sequence of the Ǵant section." pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). Apex and base broadly rounded to subtruncate. Apex showing a less-marked spiral cell periapical thinning (e.g. 
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C172FF90ABA9F95BFC9CD1F0" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[159,226,1532,1553]" captionTargetBox="[164,784,474,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-451@11.[159,787,474,1511]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Gyrogona caelata gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. A–G, Gyrogona caelata forma caelata (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1535–1553. A, B, D, E, basal view; C, detail of the ornamentation pattern; F, basal view; G, apical view. H–K, Gyrogona caelata forma bicincta (samples G-6a and G-6b) in H, lateral view; I, detail of the ornamentation pattern; J, K, apical view. L, M, Gyrogona caelata forma monolifera (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5). L, lateral view; M, basal view. N–Q, Gyrogona caelata forma baccata (samples G-2.5, G-6a, and G-6b). N, O, lateral view; P, basal view; Q, apical view. R–V, Gyrogona caelata forma fasciata (samples G-6a and G-6b). R, lateral view; S, T, apical view; U, V, detail of the simple (unipartite) basal plate." pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Fig. 8G</figureCitation>
) and, in some specimens, apical nodules of different shape, generally flat or slightly convex (e.g. 
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C172FF90AB6EF91BFA5AD010" box="[1367,1451,1782,1805]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[159,226,1532,1553]" captionTargetBox="[164,784,474,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-451@11.[159,787,474,1511]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Gyrogona caelata gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. A–G, Gyrogona caelata forma caelata (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1535–1553. A, B, D, E, basal view; C, detail of the ornamentation pattern; F, basal view; G, apical view. H–K, Gyrogona caelata forma bicincta (samples G-6a and G-6b) in H, lateral view; I, detail of the ornamentation pattern; J, K, apical view. L, M, Gyrogona caelata forma monolifera (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5). L, lateral view; M, basal view. N–Q, Gyrogona caelata forma baccata (samples G-2.5, G-6a, and G-6b). N, O, lateral view; P, basal view; Q, apical view. R–V, Gyrogona caelata forma fasciata (samples G-6a and G-6b). R, lateral view; S, T, apical view; U, V, detail of the simple (unipartite) basal plate." pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Fig. 8S</figureCitation>
). Base showing a small pentagonal basal pore (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C172FF90AB61F8FBFA5AD030" box="[1368,1451,1814,1837]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[159,226,1532,1553]" captionTargetBox="[164,784,474,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-451@11.[159,787,474,1511]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Gyrogona caelata gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. A–G, Gyrogona caelata forma caelata (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1535–1553. A, B, D, E, basal view; C, detail of the ornamentation pattern; F, basal view; G, apical view. H–K, Gyrogona caelata forma bicincta (samples G-6a and G-6b) in H, lateral view; I, detail of the ornamentation pattern; J, K, apical view. L, M, Gyrogona caelata forma monolifera (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5). L, lateral view; M, basal view. N–Q, Gyrogona caelata forma baccata (samples G-2.5, G-6a, and G-6b). N, O, lateral view; P, basal view; Q, apical view. R–V, Gyrogona caelata forma fasciata (samples G-6a and G-6b). R, lateral view; S, T, apical view; U, V, detail of the simple (unipartite) basal plate." pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Fig. 8F</figureCitation>
), sometimes flared by a shallow funnel (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C172FF90AB29F8DBFA92D050" box="[1296,1379,1846,1869]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[159,226,1532,1553]" captionTargetBox="[164,784,474,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-451@11.[159,787,474,1511]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Gyrogona caelata gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. A–G, Gyrogona caelata forma caelata (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1535–1553. A, B, D, E, basal view; C, detail of the ornamentation pattern; F, basal view; G, apical view. H–K, Gyrogona caelata forma bicincta (samples G-6a and G-6b) in H, lateral view; I, detail of the ornamentation pattern; J, K, apical view. L, M, Gyrogona caelata forma monolifera (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5). L, lateral view; M, basal view. N–Q, Gyrogona caelata forma baccata (samples G-2.5, G-6a, and G-6b). N, O, lateral view; P, basal view; Q, apical view. R–V, Gyrogona caelata forma fasciata (samples G-6a and G-6b). R, lateral view; S, T, apical view; U, V, detail of the simple (unipartite) basal plate." pageId="8" pageNumber="548">Fig. 8P</figureCitation>
). Basal plate unicellular and only visible from the gyrogonite interior (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C170FF92AF3CFB23FE72D3F8" box="[261,387,1230,1253]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[159,226,1532,1553]" captionTargetBox="[164,784,474,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-451@11.[159,787,474,1511]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Gyrogona caelata gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. A–G, Gyrogona caelata forma caelata (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1535–1553. A, B, D, E, basal view; C, detail of the ornamentation pattern; F, basal view; G, apical view. H–K, Gyrogona caelata forma bicincta (samples G-6a and G-6b) in H, lateral view; I, detail of the ornamentation pattern; J, K, apical view. L, M, Gyrogona caelata forma monolifera (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5). L, lateral view; M, basal view. N–Q, Gyrogona caelata forma baccata (samples G-2.5, G-6a, and G-6b). N, O, lateral view; P, basal view; Q, apical view. R–V, Gyrogona caelata forma fasciata (samples G-6a and G-6b). R, lateral view; S, T, apical view; U, V, detail of the simple (unipartite) basal plate." pageId="10" pageNumber="550">Fig. 8U, V</figureCitation>
). Spiral cells flat to slightly concave and ornamented with different patterns of tubercles, which allowed 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C170FF92AFC0FAFFFD39D234" author="Grambast, L." box="[505,712,1298,1321]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" refId="ref10922" refString="Grambast, L. 1958. Etude sur les Charophytes tertiaires d'Europe Occidentale et leurs rapports avec les formes actuelles. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Paris, 286 pp." type="book" year="1958">Grambast (1958)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C170FF92AEA6FAD9FDA1D256" author="Grambast, L. &amp; Grambast-Fessard, N." box="[159,592,1332,1355]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" pagination="1 - 35" refId="ref11239" refString="Grambast, L. &amp; Grambast-Fessard, N. 1981. Etude sur les Charophytes tertiaires d' Europe occidentale. III. Le genre Gyrogona. Pal´eobiologie Continentale, 12 (2), 1 - 35." type="journal article" year="1981">Grambast &amp; Grambast-Fessard (1981)</bibRefCitation>
to distinguish a number of morphotypes, ranking them as formae of the same species. The following five forms were recognized in the material studied: (1) 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C170FF92AC2EFA76FF38D2C9" authority="forma caelata" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" form="caelata" genus="Gyrogona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" phylum="Charophyta" rank="form" species="caelata">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AC2EFA76FDDBD2AF" box="[535,554,1435,1458]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">G</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AC03FA76FD7BD2AF" box="[570,650,1435,1458]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">caelata</emphasis>
forma 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92ACE7FA76FF38D2C9" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">caelata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
characterized by small nodules well-spaced and irregularly ranged along the spiral cell median line (e.g. 
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C170FF92AEE1F9ECFEA0D105" box="[216,337,1537,1560]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[159,226,1532,1553]" captionTargetBox="[164,784,474,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-451@11.[159,787,474,1511]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Gyrogona caelata gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. A–G, Gyrogona caelata forma caelata (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1535–1553. A, B, D, E, basal view; C, detail of the ornamentation pattern; F, basal view; G, apical view. H–K, Gyrogona caelata forma bicincta (samples G-6a and G-6b) in H, lateral view; I, detail of the ornamentation pattern; J, K, apical view. L, M, Gyrogona caelata forma monolifera (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5). L, lateral view; M, basal view. N–Q, Gyrogona caelata forma baccata (samples G-2.5, G-6a, and G-6b). N, O, lateral view; P, basal view; Q, apical view. R–V, Gyrogona caelata forma fasciata (samples G-6a and G-6b). R, lateral view; S, T, apical view; U, V, detail of the simple (unipartite) basal plate." pageId="10" pageNumber="550">Fig. 8A, D</figureCitation>
); (2) 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C170FF92AFADF9ECFD45D105" box="[404,692,1537,1560]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" form="bicincta" genus="Gyrogona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" phylum="Charophyta" rank="form" species="caelata">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AFADF9ECFE56D105" box="[404,423,1537,1560]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">G</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AF81F9ECFDF9D105" box="[440,520,1537,1560]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">caelata</emphasis>
forma 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AC65F9ECFD45D105" box="[604,692,1537,1560]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">bicincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
characterized by nodules irregularly ranged along two lines parallel to spiral cell sutures (
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C170FF92AFC5F9A8FD81D141" box="[508,624,1605,1628]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[159,226,1532,1553]" captionTargetBox="[164,784,474,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-451@11.[159,787,474,1511]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Gyrogona caelata gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. A–G, Gyrogona caelata forma caelata (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1535–1553. A, B, D, E, basal view; C, detail of the ornamentation pattern; F, basal view; G, apical view. H–K, Gyrogona caelata forma bicincta (samples G-6a and G-6b) in H, lateral view; I, detail of the ornamentation pattern; J, K, apical view. L, M, Gyrogona caelata forma monolifera (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5). L, lateral view; M, basal view. N–Q, Gyrogona caelata forma baccata (samples G-2.5, G-6a, and G-6b). N, O, lateral view; P, basal view; Q, apical view. R–V, Gyrogona caelata forma fasciata (samples G-6a and G-6b). R, lateral view; S, T, apical view; U, V, detail of the simple (unipartite) basal plate." pageId="10" pageNumber="550">Fig. 8H, I</figureCitation>
); (3) 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C170FF92AC81F9A8FE6AD163" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" form="monolifera" genus="Gyrogona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" phylum="Charophyta" rank="form" species="caelata">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AC81F9A8FD3AD141" box="[696,715,1605,1628]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">G</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92ACE7F9A8FF38D163" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">caelata</emphasis>
forma 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AF1DF98AFE6AD163" box="[292,411,1639,1662]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">monolifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
showing medium-sized nodules close to each other, sometimes fused and forming a thin, irregular mid-cellular crest (e.g. 
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C170FF92AC6DF946FD5BD1DF" box="[596,682,1707,1730]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[159,226,1532,1553]" captionTargetBox="[164,784,474,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-451@11.[159,787,474,1511]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Gyrogona caelata gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. A–G, Gyrogona caelata forma caelata (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1535–1553. A, B, D, E, basal view; C, detail of the ornamentation pattern; F, basal view; G, apical view. H–K, Gyrogona caelata forma bicincta (samples G-6a and G-6b) in H, lateral view; I, detail of the ornamentation pattern; J, K, apical view. L, M, Gyrogona caelata forma monolifera (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5). L, lateral view; M, basal view. N–Q, Gyrogona caelata forma baccata (samples G-2.5, G-6a, and G-6b). N, O, lateral view; P, basal view; Q, apical view. R–V, Gyrogona caelata forma fasciata (samples G-6a and G-6b). R, lateral view; S, T, apical view; U, V, detail of the simple (unipartite) basal plate." pageId="10" pageNumber="550">Fig. 8L</figureCitation>
); (4) 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C170FF92ACCAF946FE51D1F8" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" form="baccata" genus="Gyrogona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" phylum="Charophyta" rank="form" species="caelata">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92ACCAF946FCF7D1DF" box="[755,774,1707,1730]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">G</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AEA6F923FF1ED1F8" box="[159,239,1742,1765]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">caelata</emphasis>
forma 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AF73F923FE51D1F8" box="[330,416,1742,1765]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">baccata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
characterized by large nodules very closely ranged along the spiral-cell median line (e.g. 
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C170FF92AEE7F8FFFEABD034" box="[222,346,1809,1833]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[159,226,1532,1553]" captionTargetBox="[164,784,474,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-451@11.[159,787,474,1511]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Gyrogona caelata gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. A–G, Gyrogona caelata forma caelata (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1535–1553. A, B, D, E, basal view; C, detail of the ornamentation pattern; F, basal view; G, apical view. H–K, Gyrogona caelata forma bicincta (samples G-6a and G-6b) in H, lateral view; I, detail of the ornamentation pattern; J, K, apical view. L, M, Gyrogona caelata forma monolifera (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5). L, lateral view; M, basal view. N–Q, Gyrogona caelata forma baccata (samples G-2.5, G-6a, and G-6b). N, O, lateral view; P, basal view; Q, apical view. R–V, Gyrogona caelata forma fasciata (samples G-6a and G-6b). R, lateral view; S, T, apical view; U, V, detail of the simple (unipartite) basal plate." pageId="10" pageNumber="550">Fig. 8N–Q</figureCitation>
); and (5) 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C170FF92AFE7F8FFFCFDD034" box="[478,780,1810,1833]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" form="fasciata" genus="Gyrogona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" phylum="Charophyta" rank="form" species="caelata">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AFE7F8FFFE00D034" box="[478,497,1810,1833]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">G</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AC31F8FFFDA9D034" box="[520,600,1810,1833]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">caelata</emphasis>
forma 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AC8FF8FFFCFDD034" box="[694,780,1810,1833]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">fasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
characterized by a broad median band of variable width (e.g. 
<figureCitation id="71AC10F7C170FF92AEE1F8BBFEBBD070" box="[216,330,1878,1902]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="11.[159,226,1532,1553]" captionTargetBox="[164,784,474,1511]" captionTargetId="figure-451@11.[159,787,474,1511]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 8. Gyrogona caelata gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence. A–G, Gyrogona caelata forma caelata (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5), HNHM-PBO 1535–1553. A, B, D, E, basal view; C, detail of the ornamentation pattern; F, basal view; G, apical view. H–K, Gyrogona caelata forma bicincta (samples G-6a and G-6b) in H, lateral view; I, detail of the ornamentation pattern; J, K, apical view. L, M, Gyrogona caelata forma monolifera (samples G-2.2, G-2.3, G-2.4, and G-2.5). L, lateral view; M, basal view. N–Q, Gyrogona caelata forma baccata (samples G-2.5, G-6a, and G-6b). N, O, lateral view; P, basal view; Q, apical view. R–V, Gyrogona caelata forma fasciata (samples G-6a and G-6b). R, lateral view; S, T, apical view; U, V, detail of the simple (unipartite) basal plate." pageId="10" pageNumber="550">Fig. 8R–T</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="BDE85CFAC173FF91AEA6F838FCBFDF02" pageId="9" pageNumber="549" startId="9.[159,226,2005,2026]" targetBox="[177,1459,200,1984]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C173FF91AEA6F838FCBFDF02" blockId="9.[159,1474,2004,2079]" pageId="9" pageNumber="549">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C173FF91AEA6F838FF0FD0F7" bold="true" box="[159,254,2005,2026]" pageId="9" pageNumber="549">Figure 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C173FF91AF30F838FE0ED0F7" box="[265,511,2005,2026]" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="9" pageNumber="549" phylum="Charophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="peckii" subSpecies="vadaszii">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C173FF91AF30F838FE0ED0F7" box="[265,511,2005,2026]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="549">Raskyella peckii vadaszii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gyrogonites from the Ǵant bauxite cover-sequence (
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C173FF91AA34F838FBCCD0F7" bold="true" box="[1037,1085,2005,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="549">A–S,</emphasis>
samples G-6a and G-6b, HNHM-PBO 1517–1534). 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C173FF91AF19F81DFEA4DF18" bold="true" box="[288,341,2031,2053]" pageId="9" pageNumber="549">A–K,</emphasis>
lateral view; 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C173FF91AFE7F81DFDFFDF18" bold="true" box="[478,526,2031,2053]" pageId="9" pageNumber="549">L–P,</emphasis>
apical view; 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C173FF91ACADF81DFD5CDF18" bold="true" box="[660,685,2032,2053]" pageId="9" pageNumber="549">Q,</emphasis>
basal view; 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C173FF91AD12F81DFCACDF18" bold="true" box="[811,861,2032,2053]" pageId="9" pageNumber="549">R, S,</emphasis>
inside wall of a gyrogonite showing the crenate undulation of the cellular sutures in contact with the spiral cells and the apical cells.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="BDE85CFAC170FF92AEA6FBF6FEEED37B" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" startId="10.[159,226,1051,1072]" targetBox="[159,1467,188,1030]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C170FF92AEA6FBF6FEEED37B" blockId="10.[159,1466,1051,1126]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AEA6FBF6FF0CD32D" bold="true" box="[159,253,1051,1072]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">Figure 7.</emphasis>
Frequency distribution of 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AC3EFBF6FDEFD32D" bold="true" box="[519,542,1051,1072]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">A,</emphasis>
height, 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AC49FBF6FD77D32D" bold="true" box="[624,646,1051,1072]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">B,</emphasis>
width, 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92ACEAFBF6FD1BD32D" bold="true" box="[723,746,1051,1072]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">C,</emphasis>
number of convolutions, and 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AA2AFBF6FBDAD32D" bold="true" box="[1043,1067,1051,1072]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">D,</emphasis>
height/width ratio (ISI) of the 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C170FF92AB67FBF6FE92D356" class="Charophyceae" family="Raskyellaceae" genus="Raskyella" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" phylum="Charophyta" rank="variety" species="peckii" variety="vadaszii">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AB67FBF6FF29D356" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">Raskyella peckii</emphasis>
var. 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AF2CFBDBFE92D356" box="[277,355,1078,1099]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">vadaszii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
population (50 gyrogonites measured), from samples G-6a and G-6b in the bauxite cover-sequence of the Ǵant section.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="A18D5FF9C170FF92AD75FB23FC2AD1F8" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E9280C72C170FF92AD75FB23FC2AD1F8" blockId="10.[844,1467,1230,1765]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AD75FB23FC2ED3F8" bold="true" box="[844,991,1230,1253]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">Distribution.</emphasis>
The species 
<taxonomicName id="2E9777F1C170FF92AA4CFB23FACAD3F8" box="[1141,1339,1230,1253]" class="Charophyceae" family="Characeae" genus="Gyrogona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Charales" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" phylum="Charophyta" rank="species" species="caelata">
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AA4CFB23FACAD3F8" box="[1141,1339,1230,1253]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">Gyrogona caelata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is reported here from 
<collectingCountry id="91804CE2C170FF92ADE9FB03FBDCD218" box="[976,1069,1262,1285]" name="Hungary" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">Hungary</collectingCountry>
for the first time. According to 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C170FF92AD75FAE3FC0DD238" author="Riveline, J." box="[844,1020,1294,1317]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" refId="ref12359" refString="Riveline, J. 1986. Les charophytes du Pal´eog`ene et du Mioc`ene inf´erieur d'Europe occidentale. Cahiers de Pal´eontologie (´edition du C. N. R. S), Paris, 227 pp." type="book" year="1986">Riveline (1986)</bibRefCitation>
, this species was widely distributed in the upper Lutetian–Priabonian non-marine deposits of western Europe. It was first recorded from the 
<collectingRegion id="2B53C290C170FF92AB48FAA3FC60D298" country="United Kingdom" name="Isle of Wight" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">Isle of Wight</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="91804CE2C170FF92ADA6FA83FC09D298" box="[927,1016,1390,1413]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">England</collectingCountry>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C170FF92AA1CFA83FAEED298" author="Reid, C. &amp; Groves, J." box="[1061,1311,1390,1413]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" pagination="175 - 192" refId="ref12271" refString="Reid, C. &amp; Groves, J. 1921. The Charophyta of the Lower Headon Beds of Hordle (Hordwell) Cliffs (South Hampshire). Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 77, 175 - 192." type="journal article" year="1921">Reid &amp; Groves (1921)</bibRefCitation>
. Thereafter, it was reported from the upper Lutetian to upper Priabonian of 
<collectingCountry id="91804CE2C170FF92AA3AFA43FBBDD2D8" box="[1027,1100,1454,1477]" name="France" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">France</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C170FF92AA51FA43FAECD2D8" author="Grambast, L." box="[1128,1309,1454,1477]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" refId="ref10922" refString="Grambast, L. 1958. Etude sur les Charophytes tertiaires d'Europe Occidentale et leurs rapports avec les formes actuelles. Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Paris, 286 pp." type="book" year="1958">Grambast 1958</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C170FF92AB02FA43FC70D2F8" author="Feist-Castel, M." pageId="10" pageNumber="550" pagination="157 - 172" refId="ref10543" refString="Feist-Castel, M. 1971. Sur les Charophytes fossiles du Bassin tertiaire d' Al`es (Gard). Geobios, 4, 157 - 172." type="journal article" year="1971">Feist-Castel 1971</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C170FF92ADA0FA23FB58D2F8" author="Feist, M. &amp; Ringeade, M." box="[921,1193,1486,1509]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" pagination="341 - 354" refId="ref10468" refString="Feist, M. &amp; Ringeade, M. 1977. Etude´biostratigraphique et pal´eobotanique (Charophytes) des formations continentales d' Aquitaine de l' Eoc`ene sup´erieur au Mioc`ene inf´erieur. Bulletin de la Soci´et´e G´eologique de France, 19, 341 - 354." type="journal article" year="1977">Feist &amp; Ringeade 1977</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C170FF92AAF9FA23FA61D2F8" author="Feist-Castel, M." box="[1216,1424,1486,1509]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" pagination="109 - 138" refId="ref10678" refString="Feist-Castel, M. 1977 a. Etude´floristique et biostratigraphique des Charophytes dans les s´eries du Pal´eog`ene de Provence. G´eologie M´editerran´eenne, 4, 109 - 138." type="journal article" year="1977">Feist-Castel 1977a</bibRefCitation>
, b; 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C170FF92AD75FA03FAF0D118" author="Grambast, L. &amp; Grambast-Fessard, N." box="[844,1281,1518,1541]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" pagination="1 - 35" refId="ref11239" refString="Grambast, L. &amp; Grambast-Fessard, N. 1981. Etude sur les Charophytes tertiaires d' Europe occidentale. III. Le genre Gyrogona. Pal´eobiologie Continentale, 12 (2), 1 - 35." type="journal article" year="1981">Grambast &amp; Grambast-Fessard 1981</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C170FF92AB26FA03FC39D138" author="Ollivier-Pierre, M. F. &amp; Riveline, J. &amp; Lautridou, J. P. &amp; Cavelier, C." pageId="10" pageNumber="550" pagination="51 - 60" refId="ref12045" refString="Ollivier-Pierre, M. F., Riveline, J., Lautridou, J. P. &amp; Cavelier, C. 1988. Le foss´e de C´eauc´e (Orne) et les bassins ludiens (Eoc`ene sup´erieur) de la partie orientale du Massif Armoricain: s´edimentologie, pal´eontologie. Int´erˆet stratigraphique, pal´eog´eographique et tectonique. G´eologie de France, 1, 51 - 60." type="journal article" year="1988">
Ollivier-Pierre 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AD75F9E3FC71D138" box="[844,896,1550,1573]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">et al</emphasis>
. 1988
</bibRefCitation>
), 
<collectingCountry id="91804CE2C170FF92ADDDF9E3FBD0D138" box="[996,1057,1550,1573]" name="Spain" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">Spain</collectingCountry>
(Anad́on &amp; Feist 1981; 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C170FF92AB07F9E3FA42D138" author="Choi, S. J." box="[1342,1459,1550,1573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" pagination="1 - 67" refId="ref10388" refString="Choi, S. J. 1989. Les Charophytes du Bassin Potassique Catalan (Nord-Est de l' Espagne)`a la limite Eoc`ene- Oligoc`ene. Pal´eobiologie Continentale, 26, 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="1989">Choi 1989</bibRefCitation>
; Anadon 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AD89F9C3FC17D158" box="[944,998,1582,1605]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">et al</emphasis>
. 1992; Sanjuan &amp; Mart́ın-Closas 2014), 
<collectingCountry id="91804CE2C170FF92AD74F9A3FC3DD178" box="[845,972,1614,1637]" name="Switzerland" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C170FF92ADD8F9A3FB14D178" author="Weidmann, M. &amp; Franzen, E. &amp; Berger, J. P." box="[993,1253,1614,1637]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" pagination="893 - 919" refId="ref13129" refString="Weidmann, M., Franzen, E. &amp; Berger, J. P. 1991. Sur l'ˆage des Couches`a C´erithes ou Couches des Diablerets de l' Eoc`ene alpin. Eclogae Geologicae Helvetiae, 84 (3), 893 - 919." type="journal article" year="1991">
Weidmann 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AA5FF9A3FB6DD178" box="[1126,1180,1614,1637]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">et al</emphasis>
. 1991
</bibRefCitation>
), as well as from the middle Eocene of 
<collectingCountry id="91804CE2C170FF92AA60F983FB48D198" box="[1113,1209,1646,1669]" name="Romania" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">Romania</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C170FF92AAE9F983FAC9D198" author="Iva, M." box="[1232,1336,1646,1669]" pageId="10" pageNumber="550" refId="ref11338" refString="Iva, M. 1987. Quelques especes`de Charophytes lutetiens´du Nord-Ouest de la Transylvanie. Pp. 43 - 48 in I. Petrescu, L. Ghergari, N. Meszaros ´´ &amp; E. Nicorici (eds) The Eocene from the Transylvanian Basin, Romania. Babes, - Bolyai Univesity Cluj, Cluj-Napoca." type="book" year="1987">Iva 1987</bibRefCitation>
). In North Africa, the species has also been documented from the central part of the Sahara, 
<collectingCountry id="91804CE2C170FF92AA80F943FAFDD1D8" box="[1209,1292,1710,1733]" name="Algeria" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">Algeria</collectingCountry>
, by 
<bibRefCitation id="8D067183C170FF92AB60F943FC27D1F8" author="Mebrouk, F. &amp; Mahboubi, M. &amp; Bessedik, M. &amp; Feist, M." pageId="10" pageNumber="550" pagination="171 - 177" refId="ref11836" refString="Mebrouk, F., Mahboubi, M., Bessedik, M. &amp; Feist, M. 1997. L' apport des charophytes`a la stratigraphie des formations continentales Pal´eog`enes de l' Alg´erie. Geobios, 30, 171 - 177." type="journal article" year="1997">
Mebrouk 
<emphasis id="DBE3D060C170FF92AD74F923FC8FD1F8" box="[845,894,1742,1765]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="550">et al</emphasis>
. (1997)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>