180 lines
14 KiB
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180 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.509.8897" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ce2f4ab9-1ee1-43ff-9f75-952ff0bee647" ID-PMC="PMC4493342" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-509-13" ID-PubMed="26175602" ID-ZBK="6DD8D4EB478844E2B34C995D87F2A0DE" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-509-13" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 509" ModsDocTitle="Systematics of the Madagascar Anelosimus spiders: remarkable local richness and endemism, and dual colonization from the Americas" checkinTime="1451244237153" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Agnarsson, Ingi, Jencik, Brian B., Veve, Giselle M., Hanitriniaina, Sahondra, Agostini, Diego, Goh, Seok Ping, Pruitt, Jonathan & Kuntner, Matjaz" docDate="2015" docId="C5A4F73FEFFDA65BC129B90B3AFEB72A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 509: 13-52" docOrigin="ZooKeys 509" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.509.8897" docTitle="Anelosimus lamarcki Agnarsson & Goh, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="1A46E0A6-99BE-4AFE-BDE1-5FD9C96E36C1" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="CF43D14EFFC46147FFB7FF82FFC12F62" masterDocTitle="Systematics of the Madagascar Anelosimus spiders: remarkable local richness and endemism, and dual colonization from the Americas" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="13" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1668160423771" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Systematics of the Madagascar Anelosimus spiders: remarkable local richness and endemism, and dual colonization from the Americas</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Agnarsson, Ingi</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Jencik, Brian B.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Veve, Giselle M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hanitriniaina, Sahondra</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Agostini, Diego</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Goh, Seok Ping</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Pruitt, Jonathan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kuntner, Matjaz</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>509</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>13</mods:start>
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<mods:end>52</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.509.8897</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.509.8897</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-509-13</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">6DD8D4EB478844E2B34C995D87F2A0DE</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">6DD8D4EB478844E2B34C995D87F2A0DE</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152060434" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:1A46E0A6-99BE-4AFE-BDE1-5FD9C96E36C1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C5A4F73FEFFDA65BC129B90B3AFEB72A" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="16" pageNumber="29">
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="29" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="29">Taxon classification Animalia Araneae Theridiidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="29">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/1A46E0A6-99BE-4AFE-BDE1-5FD9C96E36C1" authority="Agnarsson & Goh" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus lamarcki" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamarcki">Anelosimus lamarcki Agnarsson & Goh</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="16" pageNumber="29">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Fig. 9
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="29" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="29">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="29">
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Holotype female from Ranamofana National Park (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="555" value="-21.25">21.25°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="47.43">47.43°E</geoCoordinate>
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), montane rainforest, 9801050 m alt, 27.iv.-2.v.2013, col. Pruitt, in NMNH.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="29" type="other material">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="29">Other material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="29">Same locality and collection, several adult females.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="30" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="30">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="30" start="start">Etymology</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="30">The species epithet is a noun in genitive case that honors the early evolutionary biologist Jean-Babtiste Lamarck, the first scientists to develop a thorough and coherent evolutionary theory, though it was later shown by Darwin to be flawed in major ways.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="30" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="30">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="30">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus lamarcki" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamarcki">Anelosimus lamarcki</taxonomicName>
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can be diagnosed from other Madagascan
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anelosimus</taxonomicName>
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by the heavily sclerotized copulatory ducts and small spermathecae that barely exceed the diameter of the copulatory ducts.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus lamarcki" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamarcki">Anelosimus lamarcki</taxonomicName>
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can be diagnosed from other Madagascan
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anelosimus</taxonomicName>
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on the basis of the following unique mtDNA nucleotide substitutions at the following standard DNA barcode alignment positions: G (280), C (562). It can also be readily diagnosed from most other
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anelosimus</taxonomicName>
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based the following partially shared nucleotide substitutions, and all other species by their unique combination: G (502, except rarely in
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus may" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="may">Anelosimus may</taxonomicName>
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), G (514, except
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus hookeri" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hookeri">Anelosimus hookeri</taxonomicName>
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and most
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus vondrona" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vondrona">Anelosimus vondrona</taxonomicName>
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), G (553, except some
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus huxleyi" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huxleyi">Anelosimus huxleyi</taxonomicName>
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), G (766, except some
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus may" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="may">Anelosimus may</taxonomicName>
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), G (772, except
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus andasibe" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andasibe">Anelosimus andasibe</taxonomicName>
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), G (814, except most
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus vondrona" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vondrona">Anelosimus vondrona</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="17" pageNumber="30">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="30">
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Figure 9.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus lamarcki" order="Araneae" pageId="17" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamarcki">Anelosimus lamarcki</taxonomicName>
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:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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female dorsal and lateral views C epigynum ventral view D epigynum cleared dorsal.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="17" pageNumber="30" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="30">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="30">Female (holotype): Total length 5.16. Cephalothorax 2.32 long, 1.70 wide, 0.98 high, dark brown. Abdomen 2.88 long, 2.04 wide, 1.90 high. Light brown base with black/white spots, black and white longitudinal band extending just beyond half of abdomen, red marks near spinnerets. Eyes subequal in size about 0.14 in diameter. Leg I femur 2.77, patella 0.84, tibia 2.34, metatarsus 2.28, tarsus 0.91. Leg formula 1423. Leg light orange-brown, with alternating light and dark shaded bands, and very dark at distal tips of femur, patella, tibia and metatarsus. Numerous (6 - 7) small trichobothria dorsally on all tibia, 7 on tibia I, 6 on tibia II, 7 on tibia III, 6 on tibia IV.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="31">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="31" start="start">Variation</pageBreakToken>
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: Total length 5.00-6.80. Prosoma 2.30-2.90 long. Abdomen 2.70-3.20 long. Femur I 2.70-3.20.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="31" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="31">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="31">Only known from type locality.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="18" pageNumber="31" type="natural history">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="31">Natural history.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="31">
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We sampled twelve colonies of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus lamarcki" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamarcki">Anelosimus lamarcki</taxonomicName>
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. Colonies were found both along trails in the forest interior and along roadsides and ornamental shrubbery. The ten colonies in the forest interior contained females with groups of small juveniles, likely instars
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–II">I-II</normalizedToken>
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, and colonies along road sides contained one penultimate or mature female. Like
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus vondrona" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vondrona">Anelosimus vondrona</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus lamarcki" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamarcki">Anelosimus lamarcki</taxonomicName>
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webs contained an impressive diversity of foreign spiders including multiple theridiids, saliticids, sparassids, a thomisid, and several linyphiids. We observed multiple co-feedings events between
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus lamarcki" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamarcki">Anelosimus lamarcki</taxonomicName>
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and its web associates during staged prey capture events. Whether
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Anelosimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anelosimus lamarcki" order="Araneae" pageId="18" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamarcki">Anelosimus lamarcki</taxonomicName>
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or its web associate was the first to subdue the prey differed across trials.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |