209 lines
26 KiB
XML
209 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="70B3A5A5BD4A4E0B718F3686AE9889E3" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2bf8b468-ae61-430b-8b00-3bd0750e8921" ModsDocID="z01129p023" checkinTime="1247230219934" checkinUser="thomas" docAuthor="Ulrich K. Schliewen & Frank Schäfer" docDate="2006" docId="AED9D6837EBB80B712B286C85248880E" docLanguage="en" docName="2006_Schliewen_Schäfer_gg1.xml" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1129" docSource="http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8B7CD44D-AC26-4FFE-A7CE-3C9521A6F556" docTitle="Polypterus mokelembembe Schliewen & Schäfer, 2006, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="943F7E0D3B394CF28EC315D7DE05B4B2" masterDocTitle="Polypterus mokelembembe, a new species of bichir from the central Congo River basin (Actinopterygii: Cladistia: Polypteridae)." masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1701326069458" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5B2159E22E19683B35855DDBB1AAC358">
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<mods:title id="B7194CA4A9E1D0B46D487694D163E797">Polypterus mokelembembe, a new species of bichir from the central Congo River basin (Actinopterygii: Cladistia: Polypteridae).</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="C06F1B081E6D3EA656835641FFC6E988" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="EE86DF0C3AF8EBF86E3647AD140FFCAA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C55E67AEC93B70C02C20BA2A9E7F49E1">Ulrich K. Schliewen</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="1D196CE68BE43661A5B2708B54B11F8E" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A034D23CB8834FF259486D7BA77D5494">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="41C3D36430E1CB57AE49742F1F9DA905">Frank Schäfer</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="1949CF3AD7239A449F212681B0F29F32">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="4D4F303EC55E3CA722D5B4970625E474">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="9A3E3805EA840A7E3E7063119E14B9B6">
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<mods:date id="FA0FD9C37FDE5BDE474B7D843B75881C">2006</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="00E6C64C433D74DBBB96B69260C607D5" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="27D74A47634142E0F4E8182CD09F82B6">1129</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="F855878E4B115F3745D6A34FC16DD499">23</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="26A2D7C9EE04AB3365B4C6D34975A199">36</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="BF814A49C0272C1B68AB0FBD1C22EBD4">http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8B7CD44D-AC26-4FFE-A7CE-3C9521A6F556</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="E724C23600790562E5AF360F48051EAC">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="8FFE1C9C192AC0CE7A193E5401947A46" type="Plazi-Custom">z01129p023</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="AED9D6837EBB80B712B286C85248880E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6262467" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100122035" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6262467" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5897A803-BA6C-49B2-97B5-6D2E594E62AD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AED9D6837EBB80B712B286C85248880E" lastPageNumber="30" pageNumber="24">
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<subSubSection id="C6F913404451C07F1BA9BE5524627AA7" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1DFF7FFD1FBB3981D0886E4A1DB793F5" pageNumber="24">
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||
<taxonomicName id="A56EDAC14FB41F1CD44BE7B4985DC042" ID-CoL="4LKQD" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5897A803-BA6C-49B2-97B5-6D2E594E62AD" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Polypterus mokelembembe Schliewen & Schäfer 2006" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mokelembembe">Polypterus mokelembembe</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="441FAA4E418CEAC98912271C7325DB85" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="E53198340091D827524E75596DD6D6D5" type="description">
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||
<paragraph id="5AA8A7A9805DB713ED152BBC4ADD6274" pageNumber="24">(Fig. 1a-3a, 6a)</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="68BF26456721C0E2D3B81891FB6E6963" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8EF573873CE55D9FE17B40EF5B1DEB9B" pageNumber="24">
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||
<taxonomicName id="63C3FC3324BA066BAB98FCDF3FE703CC" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:15A4DA97-CDA9-41AC-9BB5-DA878D0BFFD9" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Polypterus retropinnis Vaillant 1899:219 [1]" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="retropinnis">Polypterus retropinnis</taxonomicName>
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||
: Vaillant, 1899: 220 [in part]. Poll, 1942): 293 [in part]. Gosse, 1988: 242 [in part]. Britz, 2004: Fig. 3, (p: 185) [in part].
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<normalizedToken id="9812068484D8B1E6445CAAD9E3B725B3" originalValue="Schäfer">Schaefer</normalizedToken>
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||
, 2004: 26, Figs. (pp. 120-125).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="ECB34357DE52A33278E16F20682A4226" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph id="F98B9F3A78455814FF07F71B96C6BD0D" pageNumber="25">
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<materialsCitation id="6689AE38DA10AF3E07D6207FD3C19E81" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923891565" country="Democratic Republic Of Congo">
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<typeStatus id="AAC5C05A06EA9DC33F9B344FDE4CE6B5">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
(Fig. 1a).
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<collectionCode id="325CF9F7EBDF794891624B0A4B7D43A1" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale">MRAC</collectionCode>
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87921, female, 166.1 mm SL;
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<collectingCountry id="C00D6E2E3099A3E24A0E70B7B9A9843C">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
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||
: Wamba, riv. Maringa (00°11´
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<geoCoordinate id="BA09DF1616282DF92C9D719806521469" direction="north" orientation="latitude" value="22.0">N 22°</geoCoordinate>
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28´E), H. Bertels,
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<date id="B70ACBB4BDEF44F99EF65C1E3DEADDC7" day="08" month="11" value="1952-11-08" year="1952">8 November 1952</date>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BB7696AFC68E548346628C60CB3BE478" pageNumber="25">
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<materialsCitation id="CF1A24364A77E884EADAADAC3DFD3B83" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923891571" country="Democratic Republic Of Congo">
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<typeStatus id="E0F8BD691B268F27E40263096AB0CA33">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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.
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<collectionCode id="3D20DC80A3DDA393845865B018B71CAE" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale">MRAC</collectionCode>
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<date id="677C7416A172035A4F540ECA8CA29EEF" day="10" month="13" value="72-13-10" year="72">101372</date>
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(1 female), 220.7 mm SL,
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<collectingCountry id="E0B3EB75AC18E8328D87B902B0942FF6">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
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: Bokuma (0°05´
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<geoCoordinate id="2823892768A3E4BBB13E9A10E1583BAE" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-18.0">S 18°</geoCoordinate>
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40´E), Rev. Hulstaert,
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<date id="6776D9C2D9B3DDC6754D5D0A73E45DDF" day="28" month="08" value="1955-08-28" year="1955">28 August 1955</date>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="78E6ABFF91C629258705367CD436D716" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923891568" country="Democratic Republic Of Congo">
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<collectionCode id="39187B11C7273AFBCC426B455E985C9E" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale">MRAC</collectionCode>
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79224-79225 (2 juveniles), 71.1-77.7 mm SL,
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<collectingCountry id="41D975B59341310E64D34161D63A87FA">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
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||
: Bokuma (0°05´
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<geoCoordinate id="0958E4D9A2FC97BC54F5A0608C9F8E47" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-18.0">S 18°</geoCoordinate>
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40`E), Rev. Lootens, 1-
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<date id="76C84D33CB17399C9394B468C348AA70" day="15" month="07" value="1952-07-15" year="1952">15 July 1952</date>
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.
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||
</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="9302363558EFA01E5D2F8C43A54FDFFE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923891570" country="Republic Of Congo">
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||
<collectionCode id="D0849DF68945B0D24C7DEBFDFD3EC2B9" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]">BMNH</collectionCode>
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1907.12.3.4 (
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<typeStatus id="FBF9B0B0F410A857E03333259FC02A2D">syntype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="73328018AC0A467FE50FDBEA1E4DD24A" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:15A4DA97-CDA9-41AC-9BB5-DA878D0BFFD9" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Polypterus retropinnis Vaillant 1899:219 [1]" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="retropinnis">Polypterus retropinnis Vaillant, 1899</taxonomicName>
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), male, 205.3 mm SL,
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<collectingCountry id="FB9AF2F3E9AB2947E20C4307F9A17ABD">Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
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||
: Diele de l`Alima (1°48´
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<geoCoordinate id="6230A21DB9E821ADF2029FA2603391B2" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-14.0">S 14°</geoCoordinate>
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41´E), S. de Brazza.
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="06BA641B26072FF586A7046885191D58" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923891566" country="Republic Of Congo">
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<collectionCode id="11B49F647E95706AF39CE5C5AE716A15" collectionName="France, Paris, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle">MNHN</collectionCode>
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1886-0297 (
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<typeStatus id="310A14422E24DC324735985D9469ED89">syntype</typeStatus>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="B4FDD2D4825B215D5172C70504CB28EF" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:15A4DA97-CDA9-41AC-9BB5-DA878D0BFFD9" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Polypterus retropinnis Vaillant 1899:219 [1]" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="retropinnis">Polypterus retropinnis Vaillant, 1899</taxonomicName>
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), male, 176.3 mm SL,
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<collectingCountry id="E3A79057B1F3A2CF103F1721052F18B5">Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
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||
: Leketi, Alimamoyen (1°36´
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<geoCoordinate id="0DACD56C417527235CE1A113B04F3A1E" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-14.0">S 14°</geoCoordinate>
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57´E), S. de Brazza.
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
<materialsCitation id="46490C81A5B9890083B0A7E1BA6E78FE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923891552" country="Democratic Republic Of Congo">
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||
<collectionCode id="903B5E2201BDE42D87D8C836FA6A326D" collectionName="Belgium, Tervuren, Musee Royal de l'Afrique Centrale">MRAC</collectionCode>
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||
72434-72435, 2, juvenile and male, 80.8-171.5 mm SL, Env. de Leopoldville (4°19´
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<geoCoordinate id="6DF288FE8C9DADFE2976C4D800E0419B" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-15.0">S 15°</geoCoordinate>
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19 E), unknown date and collector.
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="94B6F1C660FF62912D887EB9DCDD3DA3" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="1DEAA24009368C24E04FAC2CBEEA561A" pageNumber="26">
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Other material examined (non types).
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<materialsCitation id="82528FC47EAEDA66F30CBD854B16FC02" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923891564" country="Democratic Republic Of Congo">
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<collectingCountry id="2F1DD745B275B194D51F1A954247EAA5">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
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?: Ornamental fish imports from Kinshasa:
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<collectionCode id="E2084DD7BA8B7F0B20F8E664E8538950" collectionName="Germany, Muenchen [= Munich], Zoologische Staatssammlung">ZSM</collectionCode>
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33572 (2), 168.5-184.8 mm SL, don. F.
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<normalizedToken id="393B4BB6A32C00913B59E9D6BFFAC91E" originalValue="Schäfer">Schaefer</normalizedToken>
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||
(168.5 mm specimen appears in Fig. 2a).
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
<materialsCitation id="016375006D5B834AF3858D7652D794D8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923891563" country="Democratic Republic Of Congo">
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||
<collectionCode id="A978665E27CDD0ED61623E6D55A4B166" collectionName="Germany, Muenchen [= Munich], Zoologische Staatssammlung">ZSM</collectionCode>
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33571 (3), 196.1-235.5 mm SL, don. F.
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<normalizedToken id="B573DD5CA979DC1FE9FEE08E977BC9F2" originalValue="Schäfer">Schaefer</normalizedToken>
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(196.1 mm specimen appears in Fig. 3a).
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3E1912C87BB7102AE167F160A0B73DB2" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8F31047B308C5E2650AC35A0FDC7E5C8" pageNumber="26">
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Diagnosis.
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<taxonomicName id="9769E72C0C4F4CE71E35ECFEA310E698" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5897A803-BA6C-49B2-97B5-6D2E594E62AD" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Polypterus mokelembembe Schliewen & Schäfer 2006" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mokelembembe">Polyperus mokelembembe</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from all other
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<taxonomicName id="BDF877EC229A4403CB59DEF0782EA2CC" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B865A005-F1DE-4C23-BA3D-BFD3804C517A" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Polypterus Lacépède 1803:340" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Polypterus</taxonomicName>
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||
species except
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<taxonomicName id="A134F213C7D27A3CB3292C76D35D3831" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:15A4DA97-CDA9-41AC-9BB5-DA878D0BFFD9" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Polypterus retropinnis Vaillant 1899:219 [1]" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="retropinnis">P. retropinnis</taxonomicName>
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||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E2D6AC15B7A9A40ED9764F24D44D2B22" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:850E8201-2A58-4BD9-9467-B6E059B078FD" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Polypterus teugelsi Britz 2004:180" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="teugelsi">P. teugelsi</taxonomicName>
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||
and
|
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<taxonomicName id="D6FEB812158D8F44BF024292636C0D92" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="palmas" subSpecies="palmas">P. palmas palmas</taxonomicName>
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||
by its high predorsal scale count (32-37 vs. 11-28). It differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ADC254FAC0918A7EFF11511DAAA2E9E" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:850E8201-2A58-4BD9-9467-B6E059B078FD" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Polypterus teugelsi Britz 2004:180" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="teugelsi">P. teugelsi</taxonomicName>
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||
by having 57-60 lateral-line scales (vs. 63-65), from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D817BF7B102828C041625CBB9CA79FBC" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="palmas" subSpecies="palmas">Polypterus palmas palmas</taxonomicName>
|
||
by a single large black blotch on pectoral fin base (vs. numerous small spots on posterior part of base), and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F9E868C18DB9A4AFF3434DD81F5F1C79" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:15A4DA97-CDA9-41AC-9BB5-DA878D0BFFD9" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Polypterus retropinnis Vaillant 1899:219 [1]" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="retropinnis">P. retropinnis</taxonomicName>
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||
in having a wider first dorsal finspine (6.4-8.1 vs. 4.6-6.1 % of HL), a shorter internostril distance (11.6-13.7 vs 14.3-18.0 % of HL), and fewer pectoral-fin rays (23-29 vs. 30-34) (Fig. 4). In addition,
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||
<taxonomicName id="58E06BBD019480112B586F922F42A1D2" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5897A803-BA6C-49B2-97B5-6D2E594E62AD" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Polypterus mokelembembe Schliewen & Schäfer 2006" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mokelembembe">P. mokelembembe</taxonomicName>
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differs from all congeners by the presence of a few broad and ill defined lateral blotches or bars that converge dorsally to form broad saddles (vs. numerous black or brown bars or blotches, which may form a reticulate pattern but never converge dorsally to form a few broad saddles). There is no clear delimitation between the dark dorsolateral body coloration and the light coloured belly (vs. a clear border in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C26F623706D25D037E742C006FC4C212" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:15A4DA97-CDA9-41AC-9BB5-DA878D0BFFD9" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Polypterus retropinnis Vaillant 1899:219 [1]" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="retropinnis">P. retropinnis</taxonomicName>
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,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="81158DBB1BF067307CEAB8875E610259" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:850E8201-2A58-4BD9-9467-B6E059B078FD" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Polypterus teugelsi Britz 2004:180" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="teugelsi">P. teugelsi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A4ABEFEA4F256F8772A138D5D15CEA2" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BBE9018A-D1F0-438C-BB44-392CCBA05333" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Polypterus palmas Ayres 1850:241" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="palmas">P. palmas</taxonomicName>
|
||
ssp., and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="371A2922EF72C9A9EF9F147B8946D16F" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:53218D5E-16D8-4E58-B2D6-35885F5EC7B1" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Polypterus weeksii Boulenger 1898:419" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="weeksii">P. weeksii</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9C7ABDBE9DA75BCF6EB0CB1E6423BBF9" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="D845EEC91D593293AE08AB529179CC04" lastPageNumber="29" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Description. See Figs. 1-3 for general appearance. Body subcylindrical and elongate, becoming increasingly laterally compressed over its caudal third. Greatest body depth on posterior half of body, approximately between first finlet and pelvic-fin base. Head slightly flattened dorsoventrally; mouth terminal; lips fleshy; snout comparatively acute and not broadly rounded as compared with all congeners except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E7F9F3510FD6E1355001420531F99C38" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="palmas" subSpecies="polli">P. palmas polli</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Anterior nostrils extending anteriorly as a nasal tentacle. Gill opening large, the opercular skin flap covering anterior portion of pectoral-fin base and extending from ventral midline to upper quarter of the body. Pectoral fins broadly rounded, almost circular, the posterior borders reaching the 8th or 9th scale row counted from behind the cleithrum but not reaching level of first dorsal spine. Six to eight dorsal finlets, of which the last one is continuous with the soft dorsal fin. Finlets overlapping when folded down. Membranous part of finlets supported by a strong and broad terminally bifurcated spine. Finlet membranes basally confluent with the following dorsal-fin spine base. Soft dorsal fin and caudal fin confluent. Caudal fin oval in shape or slightly lanceolate. Anal fin reaching beyond proximal base of caudal fin rays in both sexes. Anal fin enlarged in males and almost reaching level of end of caudal peduncle. Shape of visible part of ganoid body scales approximately square on flanks and rhomboid on caudal peduncle. The midlateral line originates from uppermost posterior margin of gill cover, extends down to a midlateral line position at end of pectorals, and continues to next to last or last scale on caudal peduncle. Slightly elongated lateral-line pores are located on anterior portion of each scale in the first half and in the central part of the second half of lateral line. Base of anal-fin rays and anus (located immediately anterior) covered by a sheath of distinct small scales, which are approximately twice as high as long. This scale sheath converges midventrally in front of the anus. Distance between pelvic and anal fin bases less than pelvic fin length. External gills retained in three juveniles examined: MRAC 79224 (71.1 mm SL) (gills 7.8 mm length), MRAC 79225 (77.7 mm SL) (gills 3.0 mm length), and MRAC 72434 (80.9 mm SL) (gills 2.5 mm length).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DE22EC09C7CED790984E708F9DF20C17" lastPageNumber="30" pageNumber="29">Color in alcohol. (Fig. 1a and 3a). Dorsal two thirds of body dark grey overall, with several broad and ill-defined dark grey to black bands and blotches. These dark blotches and bands may converge on dorsal third of body to form broad saddles on anterior half of body in front of first finlet. However, the melanin pattern appears to be more pronounced in juveniles than in adults. In adults the dark bands and blotches are sometimes barely discernable from the overall dark grey body coloration. There is no abrupt transition between the dark dorso-lateral body coloration and the light beige ventral coloration as in some other species (see Diagnosis). The fin membrane of each dorsal finlet has a distinct black blotch covering the upper two-thirds to three-fourths of the central membrane, which is otherwise of light beige color. Soft dorsal and caudal fins with vertical brown lines and dots arranged irregularly, resulting in a checkered appearance. Anal and pelvic fins light beige or dusky grey, either without markings or with a few brown markings. Pectoral-fin base with a prominent dark blotch on the posterior half, with the remainder of the fin base whitish or light beige (as on the belly). Pectoral fin in some specimens with three to four dark brown or grey concentric lines, either on a light beige or white background (e.g., as in the holotype) or on a dark grey background. In the latter case the bands are barely visible because of the low contrast. Head and preopercle dark grey or brown above the level of the pupil and white below. A prominent horizontal dark streak extending from below the eye to the lower jaw. Area between this streak and preopercle white. A second streak may be visible from below the eye to the preopercle. Lower lip white, with two lateral dark brown lines in some specimens. Tubular nostrils dark brown. Iris uniform olive or grey in well preserved specimens, including the holotype.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B7D84A54229C6BCDAD26B5F85854C88" pageNumber="30">Coloration in life. Observations (based on five individuals: ZSM 33572 [two specimens: see Fig. 2] and ZSM 33571 [three specimens, all of which were observed alive for several weeks]). The overall color does not differ strongly from the pattern seen in preserved specimens, except that the whole body exhibits an olive-green hue. The edges of the preopercle, opercle, and frontal as well as of several smaller head bones are rimmed in black. The iris of living specimens consists of a broad bronze-colored inner ring and a narrow olive-colored outer ring.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F0C7EF153ED2A8BE95B5F8F3BB435DEE" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="0E48558A5E7458516B9DAE322E478CDA" pageNumber="30">Etymology. Named after Mokele-mbembe, a mythological creature believed by some to be a sauropod dinosaur that has survived the extinction of dinosaurs at the Cretaceous/ Tertiary boundary in the central Congo basin (Mackal, 1987). The name is chosen as an allusion to the archaic nature of polypteriforms, which most likely are the sister group to the remaining Actinopterygii (Patterson, 1982, Venkatesh et al, 2001, Inoue et al, 2003), and which probably existed at the same time as sauropods. A noun in apposition.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E61320566A2AE5BA732C250FD8C2BA4F" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="C5EFAC992A2415BB90A76A85A7F87C9A" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Distribution.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2E0250C77043B792CED620E6A2B465BC" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5897A803-BA6C-49B2-97B5-6D2E594E62AD" family="Polypteridae" genus="Polypterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Polypterus mokelembembe Schliewen & Schäfer 2006" order="Polypteriformes" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mokelembembe">Polypterus mokelembembe</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from a few localities in the Congo basin, i.e. from the Alima drainage in the Republic of Congo, and the Maringa and Tshuapa drainage in the Democratic Republic of Congo. A third locality is labelled “environs de Leopoldville,” suggesting that it occurs in the vicinity of Kinshasa (See Fig. 5). The latter assumption is supported by information from ornamental fish exporters in Kinshasa, who claim that the new species is regularly collected in a blackwater stream east of Kinshasa at
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E923CC023BA4BF12EC11137AD332FC6D" originalValue="Kinkolé">Kinkole</normalizedToken>
|
||
(C. Olungu, pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="2BEF7D481A234FC79090387EB97534AD" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="CF7FFF702CCD263AE2DB5E674B1E74ED" lastPageNumber="31" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Remarks. The largest known specimen (ZSM 33571-3) is a female, 235.2 mm SL, that was selected from a commercial import. The second largest specimen is a female, 220.7 mm SL, (MRAC
|
||
<date id="1082BF939B181AC41A68ECEE49BF7093" day="10" month="13" value="72-13-10" year="72">101372</date>
|
||
) with several hundred eggs averaging approximately 1.5 mm diameter in both ovaries. The species has reproduced once in captivity (P. Bartsch, pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |