treatments-xml/data/1A/0F/90/1A0F90CADC145024B2D09801A573846A.xml

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<mods:title id="683696E596677B2D880D65144FB0A3F5">Six new species of the orb-weaver spider genus Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) and a redescription of A. colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 from Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve, Guizhou, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DFF9520F6546546C15DA4D3C35179F2E">Mi, Xiaoqi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="91E39FFFE81CA2EE6C19AD75BF7CDA65">College of Agriculture and Forestry Engineering and Planning, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, Guizhou, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EB2EFCD382B3972958906399DF70BCCB">Wang, Cheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="344A8C176CA5FDDF988936A5FF9171C0">College of Agriculture and Forestry Engineering and Planning, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, Guizhou, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5871F5FE1E2B5D5ECD265480789EE28E">Gan, Jiahui</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5706C5E2CBBAF70FC7B32B1284F4B54E">College of Agriculture and Forestry Engineering and Planning, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren 554300, Guizhou, China</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="1A0F90CADC145024B2D09801A573846A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A0F90CADC145024B2D09801A573846A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1A0F90CADC145024B2D09801A573846A" lastPageNumber="243" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">
<subSubSection id="FC4A281C0B86F3F55CFED3F31E1DA834" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FA5ECB8ABE084950E4348469318597BD" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">
<taxonomicName id="3487DCD1818EC07B3B43ED12643044D8" ID-CoL="G58G" LSID="1A0F90CA-DC14-5024-B2D0-9801A573846A" authority="Song &amp; Zhu, 1992" authorityName="Song &amp; Zhu" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus colubrinus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colubrinus">Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2F5C7054AAA8AA9D6D2F40D2CAFD469D" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">
<figureCitation id="041079946438E59EF78D4C530D062F4C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 A-G female TRU- Araneidae - 183 H, I male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., lateral view C ibid., posterior view D vulva, anterior view E habitus, dorsal view F ibid., ventral view G ibid., lateral view H ibid., dorsal view I ibid., lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-I). Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888321" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Figs 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="A726F8F9D1DBBD41083C4C026761B9C1" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992, male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, EB embolic base, MA median apophysis, ST subterminal apophysis, TA terminal apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888322" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">, 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="733C20DF0ECA78FB26C5109446F84144" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Legs of Araneus spp., male, prolateral view A-D A. chenjingi sp. nov., holotype E-H Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 TRU- Araneidae - 182 I-L A. lihaiboi sp. nov., holotype M-P A. shii sp. nov., holotype A, E, I, M legs I B, F, J, N legs II C, G, K, O legs III D, H, L, P legs IV. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888333" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">, 15E-H</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B40451D5122330CD592DDC321ABFA359" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 17. Distribution map of the species." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888335" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">, 17</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="EE511D1836468A9646884383498EB965" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="2DFD806DE58001B35CBB24B5261B0E06" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">
<taxonomicName id="60D9737155292F68309C67BF87FE8EB5" authorityName="Song &amp; Zhu" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus colubrinus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colubrinus">Araneus colubrinus</taxonomicName>
Song &amp; Zhu, 1992: 169, fig. 4A, B; Song and Li 1997: 413, fig. 16A, B; 
<bibRefCitation id="D43287EECBF76E78D24DBC3DB6CD39B2" author="Yin, C" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" refId="B24" refString="Yin, C, Wang, J, Zhu, M, Xie, L, Peng, X, Bao, Y, 1997. Fauna Sinica: Arachnida: Araneae: Araneidae. Science Press, Beijing" title="Fauna Sinica: Arachnida: Araneae: Araneidae." year="1997">Yin et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 146, fig. 61a-c; Song et al. 1999: 238, fig. 136S, T (type material not examined).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3826AE9E0E2F20563D4D2393287AC27B" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">
<taxonomicName id="551BDE9E9BB44E38F85FFF32E019B486" authorityName="Song &amp; Zhu" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus octodentalis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octodentalis">Araneus octodentalis</taxonomicName>
Song &amp; Zhu, 1992: 169, fig. 5A, B; Song and Li 1997: 414, fig. 17A, B; 
<bibRefCitation id="94AF104D4570E123C0689184E3757CAC" author="Yin, C" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" refId="B24" refString="Yin, C, Wang, J, Zhu, M, Xie, L, Peng, X, Bao, Y, 1997. Fauna Sinica: Arachnida: Araneae: Araneidae. Science Press, Beijing" title="Fauna Sinica: Arachnida: Araneae: Araneidae." year="1997">Yin et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
: 149, fig. 64a-c; Song et al. 1999: 240, fig. 144A, B (syn. nov., type material not examined).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="62F7BDCB816583A63052508B602D76DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6A9AAC74FD8E285A7858E261203DE56C" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">
<materialsCitation id="E450BFD32368D5E598E40AA456A4C22B" collectingDate="2020-05-09" collectorName="X. Q. Mi" country="China" county="Miao Autonomous County" elevation="1660" latitude="27.909" location="Yinjiang Tujia" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="108.77617" municipality="Tongren City" specimenCount="9" specimenCount-female="5" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="Guizhou Province">
<specimenCount id="4EA69447B218018E409BC6EEADB0CBC8" type="male">4♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="EBF0C9B58E6908F29B09CF9BA220A4E4" type="female">5♀</specimenCount>
(TRU- 
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-182-190), 
<collectingCountry id="597690FD1F13759AFFE3E5F03D67FA3C" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="A0694122513D46415B14483E1E2B7AD0" country="China" name="Guizhou">Guizhou Province</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="0FE8375181DF21E76809F0FA950F8A14">Tongren City</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="97CEBF30BCE3BBD8918FA1C848C58984" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A0F90CADC145024B2D09801A573846A:97CEBF30BCE3BBD8918FA1C848C58984" country="China" county="Miao Autonomous County" latitude="27.909" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="108.77617" municipality="Tongren City" name="Yinjiang Tujia" stateProvince="Guizhou Province">Yinjiang Tujia</location>
and 
<collectingCounty id="35C9D1B0BC971907721F0DB6F4E7A0CB">Miao Autonomous County</collectingCounty>
, 
<location id="DDFBE587D56CA57B28132D39C0D5F49E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A0F90CADC145024B2D09801A573846A:DDFBE587D56CA57B28132D39C0D5F49E" country="China" county="Miao Autonomous County" latitude="27.909" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="108.77617" municipality="Tongren City" name="Ziwei Township" stateProvince="Guizhou Province">Ziwei Township</location>
, 
<location id="3AEC194D1D21BCF8DA9E5E4CF23F15F1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A0F90CADC145024B2D09801A573846A:3AEC194D1D21BCF8DA9E5E4CF23F15F1" country="China" county="Miao Autonomous County" latitude="27.909" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="108.77617" municipality="Tongren City" name="Dayuanzhi Village" stateProvince="Guizhou Province">Dayuanzhi Village</location>
, 
<location id="3695FE6CDE8A4CB03828CFDF6F9FD090" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1A0F90CADC145024B2D09801A573846A:3695FE6CDE8A4CB03828CFDF6F9FD090" country="China" county="Miao Autonomous County" latitude="27.909" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="108.77617" municipality="Tongren City" name="Huguosi" stateProvince="Guizhou Province">Huguosi</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="292B652A588DEADBA44D0F0C8C2E4EEF" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="54.54" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="27.909">27°54.54'N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="CCCB7FCD872BC2E20916867E4D59ADAB" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="46.57" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="108.77617">108°46.57'E</geoCoordinate>
, ca 
<quantity id="41202F508374A31F265BB9662C21086D" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.66" unit="m" value="1660.0">
<elevation id="FB2B382559B440627C5C0587D1F02C1F" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.66" unit="m" value="1660.0">1660 m</elevation>
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), 
<collectingDate id="2C58C18253DBB6BC815FA844F59BDCE9" value="2020-05-09">9.V.2020</collectingDate>
, 
<collectorName id="38270F0C03FB0BA5384A951597C9889E">X.Q. Mi</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A154282ED8C269B122C5552DB54F3D70" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="69FD1460E3A6D796A226FC5B733BFBDE" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E2F29A89CD23DF2876BECEB3DAB5F8E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">
This species resembles 
<taxonomicName id="95CEBA240A674C3134BC702F3BB6CF69" lsidName="A. yangchuandongi" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" rank="species" species="yangchuandongi">
<emphasis id="B76CBEC6F789699AB8A16370636F203D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">A. yangchuandongi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., 
<taxonomicName id="459C1931550B212001E13E6C28B037DD" lsidName="A. conexus" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" rank="species" species="conexus">
<emphasis id="140A8711DA5483DA9188E9C706B6FFC1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">A. conexus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Liu, Irfan, Yang &amp; Peng, 2019, and 
<taxonomicName id="DAC00CFA6DA28216E84F1BB090A7896E" lsidName="A. zhoui" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" rank="species" species="zhoui">
<emphasis id="9CF994A8FD6313A03E103BD64E947AF9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">A. zhoui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mi &amp; Wang, 2023 in somatic morphology, but it can be distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="79D1F1D02EC73CAA97675491140B01A8" lsidName="A. yangchuandongi" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" rank="species" species="yangchuandongi">
<emphasis id="A6AF2025C386C28D701FDBF33D4CF306" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">A. yangchuandongi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. in: 1) carapace lacking macrosetae anterior to fovea (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="6CE2372050DFFEB30A82C12754922DB8" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 A-G female TRU- Araneidae - 183 H, I male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., lateral view C ibid., posterior view D vulva, anterior view E habitus, dorsal view F ibid., ventral view G ibid., lateral view H ibid., dorsal view I ibid., lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-I). Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888321" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">3E, H</figureCitation>
) vs having ten macrosetae (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="6D26D593F0F0FF2C839CEF7141288ED4" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Araneus yangchuandongi sp. nov. A-F female paratype TRU- Araneidae - 242 G, H male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., anterior view C ibid., lateral view D vulva, posterior view E habitus, dorsal view F ibid., ventral view G ibid., dorsal view H ibid., lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-H). Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888329" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">11E, G</figureCitation>
); 2) epigyne scape twisted into an S-shape (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="0EA43DC45286DAC6B1671A5B5AA560A5" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 A-G female TRU- Araneidae - 183 H, I male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., lateral view C ibid., posterior view D vulva, anterior view E habitus, dorsal view F ibid., ventral view G ibid., lateral view H ibid., dorsal view I ibid., lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-I). Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888321" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">3A</figureCitation>
) vs almost straight (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="0723A4A01595DEE958DC3BF6F92926F3" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Araneus yangchuandongi sp. nov. A-F female paratype TRU- Araneidae - 242 G, H male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., anterior view C ibid., lateral view D vulva, posterior view E habitus, dorsal view F ibid., ventral view G ibid., dorsal view H ibid., lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-H). Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888329" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">11A, B</figureCitation>
); 3) spermathecae oval (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="2770DFD242E4EC075A75D2F29322AC22" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 A-G female TRU- Araneidae - 183 H, I male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., lateral view C ibid., posterior view D vulva, anterior view E habitus, dorsal view F ibid., ventral view G ibid., lateral view H ibid., dorsal view I ibid., lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-I). Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888321" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">3D</figureCitation>
) vs spherical (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="2D02AD9387AC465007371E83EB05A6CA" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Araneus yangchuandongi sp. nov. A-F female paratype TRU- Araneidae - 242 G, H male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., anterior view C ibid., lateral view D vulva, posterior view E habitus, dorsal view F ibid., ventral view G ibid., dorsal view H ibid., lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-H). Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888329" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">11D</figureCitation>
); 4) spermathecae separated by ~ 1.6 
<normalizedToken id="165BF7A3189B4DA766B0A605671B1A63" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
of the spermathecae width (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="283A663EB9BF800820A970D4AD183171" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 A-G female TRU- Araneidae - 183 H, I male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., lateral view C ibid., posterior view D vulva, anterior view E habitus, dorsal view F ibid., ventral view G ibid., lateral view H ibid., dorsal view I ibid., lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-I). Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888321" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">3D</figureCitation>
) vs nearly touching each other (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="9BB2D4D1B7A0648044C5C5470E6D3869" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Araneus yangchuandongi sp. nov. A-F female paratype TRU- Araneidae - 242 G, H male holotype A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., anterior view C ibid., lateral view D vulva, posterior view E habitus, dorsal view F ibid., ventral view G ibid., dorsal view H ibid., lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-H). Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, FD fertilization duct, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888329" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">11D</figureCitation>
); 5) terminal apophysis membranous (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="DC48B5B6ED54F6D2DE2C6E0B475FB22A" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992, male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, EB embolic base, MA median apophysis, ST subterminal apophysis, TA terminal apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888322" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">4A-E</figureCitation>
) vs pointed and heavily sclerotized (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="C4BB257163DA0BE3B028DAC8F53BEEC3" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Araneus yangchuandongi sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, EB embolic base, EN embolic node, ET embolic tooth, MA median apophysis, ST subterminal apophysis, TA terminal apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888330" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">12A-E</figureCitation>
); 6) conductor ~ 3.6 
<normalizedToken id="E4A7F65FF72040557FC0B59627FEDEAC" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide in retrolateral view (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="831E1B27468BC34EBD40305F87D48B22" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992, male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, EB embolic base, MA median apophysis, ST subterminal apophysis, TA terminal apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888322" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">4B</figureCitation>
) vs about equal length to width (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="217CE50D36DB27349675A800E13E9D59" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Araneus yangchuandongi sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, EB embolic base, EN embolic node, ET embolic tooth, MA median apophysis, ST subterminal apophysis, TA terminal apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888330" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">12B</figureCitation>
); and 7) embolus threadlike (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="6E547F289C358723185E722336E87F1E" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992, male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, EB embolic base, MA median apophysis, ST subterminal apophysis, TA terminal apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888322" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">4A-E</figureCitation>
) vs tapered (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="14E487035AE6B67F3AC9281414CD342B" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Araneus yangchuandongi sp. nov. male holotype A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, EB embolic base, EN embolic node, ET embolic tooth, MA median apophysis, ST subterminal apophysis, TA terminal apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888330" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">12C, D</figureCitation>
). It differs 
<taxonomicName id="E0932009903E5D367499BEB0BB3938E9" lsidName="A. conexus" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" rank="species" species="conexus">
<emphasis id="0862813D02603325DE89AD211C81CA41" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">A. conexus</emphasis>
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in: 1) the epigyne scape extremely twisted into an S-shape (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="DECFB370134EFCEC2E110BC1C6CC2F75" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 A-G female TRU- Araneidae - 183 H, I male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., lateral view C ibid., posterior view D vulva, anterior view E habitus, dorsal view F ibid., ventral view G ibid., lateral view H ibid., dorsal view I ibid., lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-I). Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888321" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">3A</figureCitation>
) vs almost straight (
<bibRefCitation id="0FE6315FDD8082EDE8DD499A5C103B8C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.886.31163" author="Liu, P" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" pagination="61 - 77" refId="B9" refString="Liu, P, Irfan, M, Yang, S, Peng, X, 2019. Two new species of Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) and first description of A. wulongensis male from China. ZooKeys 886: 61 - 77, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.886.31163" title="Two new species of Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) and first description of A. wulongensis male from China." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.886.31163" volume="886" year="2019">Liu et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 4A, B); 2) spermathecae separated by ~ 1.6 
<normalizedToken id="285B02BEB569B7F69A9275EAA44EC51D" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
of the spermathecae width (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="0B192D6DBF8CDF1D21DED485732DFE6E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 A-G female TRU- Araneidae - 183 H, I male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., lateral view C ibid., posterior view D vulva, anterior view E habitus, dorsal view F ibid., ventral view G ibid., lateral view H ibid., dorsal view I ibid., lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-I). Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888321" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">3D</figureCitation>
) vs nearly touching each other (
<bibRefCitation id="230A63EB1454DA546A6CF238B75AC1E3" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.886.31163" author="Liu, P" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" pagination="61 - 77" refId="B9" refString="Liu, P, Irfan, M, Yang, S, Peng, X, 2019. Two new species of Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) and first description of A. wulongensis male from China. ZooKeys 886: 61 - 77, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.886.31163" title="Two new species of Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) and first description of A. wulongensis male from China." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.886.31163" volume="886" year="2019">Liu et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 4C, D); 3) terminal apophysis membranous (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="8257F70E7A7BA2C48BA4559FF882C29C" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992, male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, EB embolic base, MA median apophysis, ST subterminal apophysis, TA terminal apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888322" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">4A-E</figureCitation>
) vs pointed (
<bibRefCitation id="AFEFFBF6A8D61D267B3189388EE19653" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.886.31163" author="Liu, P" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" pagination="61 - 77" refId="B9" refString="Liu, P, Irfan, M, Yang, S, Peng, X, 2019. Two new species of Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) and first description of A. wulongensis male from China. ZooKeys 886: 61 - 77, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.886.31163" title="Two new species of Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) and first description of A. wulongensis male from China." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.886.31163" volume="886" year="2019">Liu et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
: figs 2A, B, D, E, 3, 5C); 4) subterminal apophysis with two spurs (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="08CD56203D2E7EC633027AE4A9C9C387" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992, male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, EB embolic base, MA median apophysis, ST subterminal apophysis, TA terminal apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888322" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">4A, C</figureCitation>
) vs lacking spurs (
<bibRefCitation id="35E20EE47F4F3BF5B7624EE6E9279B6C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.886.31163" author="Liu, P" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" pagination="61 - 77" refId="B9" refString="Liu, P, Irfan, M, Yang, S, Peng, X, 2019. Two new species of Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) and first description of A. wulongensis male from China. ZooKeys 886: 61 - 77, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.886.31163" title="Two new species of Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) and first description of A. wulongensis male from China." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.886.31163" volume="886" year="2019">Liu et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
: figs 2A, D, 3A-D, 5C); 5) embolus threadlike (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="D876A8DB979D9283BE51D61F3AA826D8" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992, male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, EB embolic base, MA median apophysis, ST subterminal apophysis, TA terminal apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888322" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">4A-E</figureCitation>
) vs tapered (
<bibRefCitation id="0255495CA5AC7C4A3A17C1BF74927F42" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.886.31163" author="Liu, P" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" pagination="61 - 77" refId="B9" refString="Liu, P, Irfan, M, Yang, S, Peng, X, 2019. Two new species of Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) and first description of A. wulongensis male from China. ZooKeys 886: 61 - 77, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.886.31163" title="Two new species of Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) and first description of A. wulongensis male from China." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.886.31163" volume="886" year="2019">Liu et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
: figs 2A, D, 3A-D, 5C); and 6) conductor ~3.6 
<normalizedToken id="54D676A23C6766EE8DA9CD1A3AC00E44" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide in retrolateral view (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="927CF465788AA1D88064F4F391A33D2C" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992, male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, EB embolic base, MA median apophysis, ST subterminal apophysis, TA terminal apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888322" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">4B</figureCitation>
) vs slightly wider than long (
<bibRefCitation id="3A30819A67CBF9D3E686234CC2ABBD7B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.886.31163" author="Liu, P" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" pagination="61 - 77" refId="B9" refString="Liu, P, Irfan, M, Yang, S, Peng, X, 2019. Two new species of Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) and first description of A. wulongensis male from China. ZooKeys 886: 61 - 77, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.886.31163" title="Two new species of Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) and first description of A. wulongensis male from China." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.886.31163" volume="886" year="2019">Liu et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
: figs 2A, B, D, E, 3A, B, 5C). It differs from 
<taxonomicName id="1E9CD2304E5D008CAFEB279F032986A3" lsidName="A. zhoui" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" rank="species" species="zhoui">
<emphasis id="C1A4633CF1751DA9727940E9C398DFA3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">A. zhoui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in: 1) female carapace lacking short spines anterior to fovea (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="A7BCDD51C346524B04D72128221686DF" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 A-G female TRU- Araneidae - 183 H, I male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., lateral view C ibid., posterior view D vulva, anterior view E habitus, dorsal view F ibid., ventral view G ibid., lateral view H ibid., dorsal view I ibid., lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-I). Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888321" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">3E, H</figureCitation>
) vs with two short spines (
<bibRefCitation id="23CD1F7EE6EF5F1D452D35043A2ABD54" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1160.101594" author="Wu, Y" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" pagination="169 - 190" refId="B22" refString="Wu, Y, Wang, C, Wu, N, Zhang, M, Mi, X, 2023. On four new species of the orb-weaver spider genus Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) from southern China. ZooKeys 1160: 169 - 190, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1160.101594" title="On four new species of the orb-weaver spider genus Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) from southern China." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1160.101594" volume="1160" year="2023">Wu et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 7H); 2) epigyne scape extremely twisted into an S-shape (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="2B735C8BDD9FBE19F0135667FE5E515C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 A-G female TRU- Araneidae - 183 H, I male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., lateral view C ibid., posterior view D vulva, anterior view E habitus, dorsal view F ibid., ventral view G ibid., lateral view H ibid., dorsal view I ibid., lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-I). Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888321" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">3A</figureCitation>
) vs slightly twisted (
<bibRefCitation id="237261206857BE3120D4F7533C0B742C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1160.101594" author="Wu, Y" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" pagination="169 - 190" refId="B22" refString="Wu, Y, Wang, C, Wu, N, Zhang, M, Mi, X, 2023. On four new species of the orb-weaver spider genus Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) from southern China. ZooKeys 1160: 169 - 190, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1160.101594" title="On four new species of the orb-weaver spider genus Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) from southern China." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1160.101594" volume="1160" year="2023">Wu et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 7A, B); 3) spermathecae separated by ~ 1.6 
<normalizedToken id="AF0ED26C8A0E5FA6A43910F3087FDF90" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
of the spermathecae width (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="8963031DCF52350C9A8911CD7D6F73EC" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 A-G female TRU- Araneidae - 183 H, I male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., lateral view C ibid., posterior view D vulva, anterior view E habitus, dorsal view F ibid., ventral view G ibid., lateral view H ibid., dorsal view I ibid., lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-I). Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888321" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">3D</figureCitation>
) vs nearly touching each other (
<bibRefCitation id="8720C52464CC685F8FCBE85A8BEF6C1A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1160.101594" author="Wu, Y" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" pagination="169 - 190" refId="B22" refString="Wu, Y, Wang, C, Wu, N, Zhang, M, Mi, X, 2023. On four new species of the orb-weaver spider genus Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) from southern China. ZooKeys 1160: 169 - 190, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1160.101594" title="On four new species of the orb-weaver spider genus Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) from southern China." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1160.101594" volume="1160" year="2023">Wu et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 7D); 4) conductor ~ 3.6 
<normalizedToken id="5167F83EBBCD55820661B652E5D90D34" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide in retrolateral view (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="7022B0B997B9B54AEBDF32022D1ECEA9" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992, male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, EB embolic base, MA median apophysis, ST subterminal apophysis, TA terminal apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888322" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">4B</figureCitation>
) vs slightly wider than long (
<bibRefCitation id="23C07884A469853F9CEEFBADCE2D9A70" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1160.101594" author="Wu, Y" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" pagination="169 - 190" refId="B22" refString="Wu, Y, Wang, C, Wu, N, Zhang, M, Mi, X, 2023. On four new species of the orb-weaver spider genus Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) from southern China. ZooKeys 1160: 169 - 190, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1160.101594" title="On four new species of the orb-weaver spider genus Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) from southern China." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1160.101594" volume="1160" year="2023">Wu et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 8C); 5) embolus threadlike (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="0277C6A3F653DC0D061A3ED4EA9153B6" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992, male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, EB embolic base, MA median apophysis, ST subterminal apophysis, TA terminal apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888322" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">4A-E</figureCitation>
) vs tapered (
<bibRefCitation id="FFA87531BB7ECF140F6E6BD0FBFDDBF7" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1160.101594" author="Wu, Y" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" pagination="169 - 190" refId="B22" refString="Wu, Y, Wang, C, Wu, N, Zhang, M, Mi, X, 2023. On four new species of the orb-weaver spider genus Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) from southern China. ZooKeys 1160: 169 - 190, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1160.101594" title="On four new species of the orb-weaver spider genus Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) from southern China." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1160.101594" volume="1160" year="2023">Wu et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 8A, E); and 6) subterminal apophysis having two spurs (Fig. 
<figureCitation id="5C705156FF4681CB40FBEC3AAB11162A" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992, male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, EB embolic base, MA median apophysis, ST subterminal apophysis, TA terminal apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888322" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">4A, C</figureCitation>
) vs lacking (
<bibRefCitation id="C38FF38FDF77D80DF5ABF034C94BDD1F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1160.101594" author="Wu, Y" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" pagination="169 - 190" refId="B22" refString="Wu, Y, Wang, C, Wu, N, Zhang, M, Mi, X, 2023. On four new species of the orb-weaver spider genus Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) from southern China. ZooKeys 1160: 169 - 190, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1160.101594" title="On four new species of the orb-weaver spider genus Araneus Clerck, 1757 (Araneae, Araneidae) from southern China." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1160.101594" volume="1160" year="2023">Wu et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 8A, E).
</paragraph>
<caption id="8EF76C4D0E647094D6BFA5D67269AF76" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888321" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="D1752A0E13F4EADCF990AF83562631C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">
<emphasis id="0844D13B6CA7B5ADAAFC37A5AE164470" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="59E702CEA04CEF6A0570D9AE83AB725F" authorityName="Song &amp; Zhu" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus colubrinus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colubrinus">
<emphasis id="F5050BA85604779D9FC19B7D8E8CE55C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Araneus colubrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 
<emphasis id="902B063CE461E5B13537C6007C09A3AE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">A-G</emphasis>
female TRU- 
<taxonomicName id="A3C9F5BB96591FFAE4CDFDF5A18D3D7D" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
-183 
<emphasis id="6D998DF54E95246F6D07A6E748C0B3AE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">H, I</emphasis>
male TRU- 
<taxonomicName id="14142FA2E4EA1F7EDF33C12034A6C3D6" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
-182 
<emphasis id="150A1934400BE1F5019FFA5312FA482F" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">A</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral view 
<emphasis id="0D2E971977FA885E31E3E5B53AD74596" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">B</emphasis>
ibid., lateral view 
<emphasis id="450CEEFDB33E99576CBC972BDCEA71A2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">C</emphasis>
ibid., posterior view 
<emphasis id="3997425683DB427CC23BD5F90A657F8E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">D</emphasis>
vulva, anterior view 
<emphasis id="68C9A80F86E27E611B987E108B97F0DD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">E</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal view 
<emphasis id="CB41146791D8C5AF515EE826831A1A4A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">F</emphasis>
ibid., ventral view 
<emphasis id="27BD73205479FB68968C6458CCDCEEB9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">G</emphasis>
ibid., lateral view 
<emphasis id="9C80EDF2E013E617ED873D5523CB0AF5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">H</emphasis>
ibid., dorsal view 
<emphasis id="5624F357B2EE4BC86AD3B84CDA474555" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">I</emphasis>
ibid., lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="2E7A34217B81D30AC0F00C259AB99495" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">A-D</emphasis>
); 1 mm (
<emphasis id="D95C786DC46F1F62EFD458D036DC7974" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">E-I</emphasis>
). Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="ABB8D33D32E24B102F1ACBB6B0B70D26" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888322" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="58A5DEDD1F753BEBF9D73D9305A136F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">
<emphasis id="1235CBEC42339E8CF7AF38FA9C255B35" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="BA8257F8BBA2280B728FF03C0185B761" authorityName="Song &amp; Zhu" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus colubrinus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colubrinus">
<emphasis id="C4D2A7B667E4CF2E0409E3AA437B04AD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Araneus colubrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Song &amp; Zhu, 1992, male TRU- 
<taxonomicName id="B4E70E2523C8C4A121B086F222574090" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
-182 
<emphasis id="3A65184B3ABB72CDC76ABC6C8EE53855" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">A</emphasis>
pedipalp, prolateral view 
<emphasis id="668859F97214336D8136B47E8F2220A9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">B</emphasis>
ibid., retrolateral view 
<emphasis id="436B2E1899716A2D5221D4A48FF6746E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">C</emphasis>
ibid., ventral view 
<emphasis id="756B736D98200D6190B9E503C3C7BF23" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">D</emphasis>
ibid., apical view 
<emphasis id="F0290AA963981E916D5A853574640309" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">E</emphasis>
part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, EB embolic base, MA median apophysis, ST subterminal apophysis, TA terminal apophysis.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3C89701E161E324C4AFEB941B95742E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" type="description">
<paragraph id="255E290507D3DC93FE5914B7509CA98F" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F7C9FB1C146318808903C704ED80DF6A" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">
<emphasis id="3FCB1FD184C6263915B96A2D32D78569" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Male</emphasis>
(TRU- 
<taxonomicName id="CCADE65DC9D8063AD2019B8756D6FE65" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
-182, Figs 
<figureCitation id="3E5516E347484A9FC8782CBA85345D36" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 A-G female TRU- Araneidae - 183 H, I male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., lateral view C ibid., posterior view D vulva, anterior view E habitus, dorsal view F ibid., ventral view G ibid., lateral view H ibid., dorsal view I ibid., lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-I). Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888321" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">3H, I</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="80596817F7E476590F5F782EB76EC029" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992, male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, EB embolic base, MA median apophysis, ST subterminal apophysis, TA terminal apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888322" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">4</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="ED7BFFC0F1BCFA462E6763ABCE6BE244" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Legs of Araneus spp., male, prolateral view A-D A. chenjingi sp. nov., holotype E-H Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 TRU- Araneidae - 182 I-L A. lihaiboi sp. nov., holotype M-P A. shii sp. nov., holotype A, E, I, M legs I B, F, J, N legs II C, G, K, O legs III D, H, L, P legs IV. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888333" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">15E-H</figureCitation>
). Total length 3.85. Carapace 2.05 long, 1.80 wide. Abdomen 2.40 long, 1.75 wide. Clypeus 0.08 high. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.08, PME 0.10, PLE 0.08, AME-AME 0.18, AME-ALE 0.25, PME-PME 0.15, PME-PLE 0.38, MOA length 0.30, anterior width 0.30, posterior width 0.35. Leg measurements: I 7.35 (2.20, 2.50, 1.90, 0.75), II 6.45 (1.95, 2.20, 1.60, 0.70), III 3.85 (1.30, 1.25, 0.80, 0.50), IV 5.55 (1.80, 1.80, 1.35, 0.60). Carapace pear-shaped, yellowish brown with dark setae, cervical groove slightly obvious, fovea depressed. Chelicerae yellow, four promarginal teeth and three retromarginal teeth. Endites square, yellow, with tooth-like process laterally, labium triangular, grayish yellow, both with pale tip. Sternum cordiform, grayish yellow with dark setae. Legs yellow to yellowish brown, without annuli, tibia I with 13 macrosetae, distally with constriction (see arrow in Fig. 
<figureCitation id="1394FB6CA910E79EE3F09CAF96F63E7D" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Legs of Araneus spp., male, prolateral view A-D A. chenjingi sp. nov., holotype E-H Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 TRU- Araneidae - 182 I-L A. lihaiboi sp. nov., holotype M-P A. shii sp. nov., holotype A, E, I, M legs I B, F, J, N legs II C, G, K, O legs III D, H, L, P legs IV. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888333" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">15E</figureCitation>
), tibia II with 12 macrosetae, tibia III with nine macrosetae, tibia IV with 11 macrosetae. Abdomen oval, blunt anteriorly, ~ 1.37 
<normalizedToken id="FCB6AC65A2DA735FCAF90E0C976DC6B2" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide, covered with dense setae, dorsum grayish yellow with three pairs of dark lateral patches posteriorly; venter grayish yellow with pair of longitudinal yellow patches laterally. Spinnerets yellowish brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="89612D0298FB183FB5C7510C443EA30A" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">
<emphasis id="9159B0FA6123D671619E3C6CE21B6B63" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Pedipalp</emphasis>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation id="D550083D5EFBD2910E88166083A16A0F" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992, male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A pedipalp, prolateral view B ibid., retrolateral view C ibid., ventral view D ibid., apical view E part of expanded bulb. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Abbreviations: C conductor, E embolus, EB embolic base, MA median apophysis, ST subterminal apophysis, TA terminal apophysis." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888322" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">4</figureCitation>
): with basal femoral protrusion; patella with two bristles; median apophysis large, with a pointed tip and ten teeth; embolus slender, longer than conductor; conductor membranous ~ 3.6 
<normalizedToken id="A907693B0DFE81D7E63461DE213F1158" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide in retrolateral view, with a spur at base; terminal apophysis membranous, approximately equal in length to conductor; subterminal apophysis heavily sclerotized, with two spurs.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F142FA93A5CFC99D009B028116059AF1" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">
<emphasis id="DC76F68901FE3E20FE90A9FC09E82CE4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Female</emphasis>
(TRU- 
<taxonomicName id="2E0DC4A557C260103AA7E92C6E07FDDB" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Araneidae</taxonomicName>
-183, Fig. 
<figureCitation id="41BA3BB360B2C49F89A16B8BA8166592" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 A-G female TRU- Araneidae - 183 H, I male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., lateral view C ibid., posterior view D vulva, anterior view E habitus, dorsal view F ibid., ventral view G ibid., lateral view H ibid., dorsal view I ibid., lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-I). Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888321" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">3A-G</figureCitation>
). Total length 4.75. Carapace 1.90 long, 1.60 wide. Abdomen 3.75 long, 3.20 wide. Clypeus 0.05 high. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.09, ALE 0.08, PME 0.11, PLE 0.08, AME-AME 0.15, AME-ALE 0.10, PME-PME 0.15, PME-PLE 0.38, MOA length 0.30, anterior width 0.28, posterior width 0.35. Leg measurements: I 6.25 (1.95, 2.25, 1.40, 0.65), II 5.45 (1.70, 1.95, 1.20, 0.60), III 3.50 (1.20, 1.10, 0.70, 0.50), IV 5.00 (1.60, 1.75, 1.10, 0.55). Habitus similar to that of male but anterior abdominal elevation more obvious; chelicerae, endites, labium, and sternum darker, and abdominal patches much paler.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="742E2DC3F0F5AB51E25AE851B6585F83" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">
<emphasis id="116D7EA89BA016576F1EDDBCA0706EE5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig. 
<figureCitation id="D2620CA1FAABB7C9179523C30F400240" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Araneus colubrinus Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 A-G female TRU- Araneidae - 183 H, I male TRU- Araneidae - 182 A epigyne, ventral view B ibid., lateral view C ibid., posterior view D vulva, anterior view E habitus, dorsal view F ibid., ventral view G ibid., lateral view H ibid., dorsal view I ibid., lateral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-I). Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct, CO copulatory opening, Sc scape, Sp spermatheca." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1173.106315.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/888321" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">3A-D</figureCitation>
): ~ 1.69 
<normalizedToken id="B4263F39F1EE6BC487AFD22EBA435447" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
wider than long at base; scape twisted into an S-shape, distally spoon shaped; copulatory openings strongly concave, on ventral surface; copulatory ducts extremely long, middle part twisted into a U-shape; spermathecae oval, ~ 1.6 
<normalizedToken id="9F002C01FE64CB9B81ACEB93583A59D4" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
of the spermathecae width apart.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CF74E7FBB646F9759F7B8ABD0DBDEB72" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" type="variation">
<paragraph id="5D89DB15CE14EBB48C466911ABE9EB15" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="13BCF958DA685EC5A45C2BEF78BED6FE" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">
Total length: ♂♂ 3.65-3.85 (
<emphasis id="DC1283E00F52262E59490A2E01AE6812" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">n</emphasis>
= 4); ♀♀ 4.65-5.20 (
<emphasis id="A2614F39CDA639AED813B0F87891AF8C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">n</emphasis>
= 5).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F1F14C30DD3E3B4F1CD4818DF2A46D15" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="46E1475F387EC3FBF33CCBF06E3A0C32" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB4F055B964DD463B4B4687D25FF8FEB" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Hubei, Guizhou.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="53D8FB9E8CFF0C06242F90A0F9D3FBAC" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" type="justification of the synonymy">
<paragraph id="B1F708933DE6D4A5FF00DD41DEB2D8C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Justification of the synonymy.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DE44B769F68B848FB926DF9158305019" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">
The holotypes of 
<taxonomicName id="903821C0F025799CE515E7B8BC5F9BFE" authorityName="Song &amp; Zhu" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus colubrinus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colubrinus">
<emphasis id="0FB2CE8419C5967062F6DF4FF761EF94" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Araneus colubrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(only known from a single female) and 
<taxonomicName id="78FD9A13C992CFDA8588D82E5549F54D" authorityName="Song &amp; Zhu" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus octodentalis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octodentalis">
<emphasis id="E8503B7AB1E4FEC259679B76BEACE5CE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Araneus octodentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(only known from a single male) were not examined, but both species can be easily recognized due to the perfect illustrations (
<bibRefCitation id="AD2B4525454F6E1E7F9F5436207A975C" author="Song, D" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hubei University, Natural Science Edition" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" pagination="167 - 173" refId="B11" refString="Song, D, Zhu, M, 1992. On new species of the family Araneidae (Araneae) from Wuling Mountains area, southwestern China. Journal of Hubei University, Natural Science Edition 14: 167 - 173" title="On new species of the family Araneidae (Araneae) from Wuling Mountains area, southwestern China." volume="14" year="1992">Song and Zhu 1992</bibRefCitation>
). Although the anterior abdominal elevation of female more obvious than that of male, but both sexes have the same color pattern on dorsal abdomen, the same dimorphism that also exists in some related species, such as 
<taxonomicName id="9052B8DFDC087DB622BDAA6A737F297C" lsidName="A. conexus" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" rank="species" species="conexus">
<emphasis id="F1704149D823FCA8A717AC5B3B36B25B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">A. conexus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="E2F0A667FAD7FEA1FA1280BE5F5C7D7E" lsidName="A. zhoui" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" rank="species" species="zhoui">
<emphasis id="884F31B141CEEB98BC660485F2B8822F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">A. zhoui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="17FA9A84401F04A88EF03951C73BA911" lsidName="A. yangchuandongi" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" rank="species" species="yangchuandongi">
<emphasis id="7E76559BF35C641E9075ED626FA46766" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">A. yangchuandongi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. Moreover, both the holotypes of 
<taxonomicName id="5471B626F41FEBC3210BD332E6216574" lsidName="A. colubrinus" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" rank="species" species="colubrinus">
<emphasis id="6A8ED2BD6526E8BF3AF05F982B70188A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">A. colubrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="B37CB8074D94FE6136674F6C4E26931D" lsidName="A. octodentalis" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" rank="species" species="octodentalis">
<emphasis id="F9ADCE8E44CD17450172A843708DF160" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">A. octodentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were collected on the same day in Wuling Mountains (Badong County, Hubei Province). Hence we propose that 
<taxonomicName id="EF522446DDB60ADDA8DC70C4DA16744D" authorityName="Song &amp; Zhu" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus colubrinus" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colubrinus">
<emphasis id="4D0D0BB083F309EEA5D63A735ABEF53A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Araneus colubrinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Song &amp; Zhu, 1992 is a senior synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="C722E50B812F99ED40A78483740B98A2" authorityName="Song &amp; Zhu" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araneus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araneus octodentalis" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="243" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octodentalis">
<emphasis id="74AAE04C4BF839A1A17969AD0C72624C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="243">Araneus octodentalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Song &amp; Zhu, 1992.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>