201 lines
26 KiB
XML
201 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="CB37C1D7B840582E43759178F03FBDC2" ID-CLB-Dataset="7247" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4963.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="50c15f0d-8555-42e2-bd0b-7e0fc935f771" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4704365" ID-ZooBank="9A35A3DC-ADA4-45F1-8849-7F96A2A4D3E5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1618905861921" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mas-Peinado, Paloma, Ruiz, José L., Merkl, Ottó, Buckley, David & García-París, Mario" docDate="2021" docId="03E787871C1A732FBB9212DF4C4445F9" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4963.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4963 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pimelia (Amblypteraca) Mas-Peinado, Buckley, Ruiz & Garcia-Paris 2018" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="471" masterDocId="FFDEFFFF1C167321BB05143F48714110" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of the North Moroccan and Iberian species of the subgenus Amblypteraca (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Pimeliinae: Pimelia)" masterLastPageNumber="482" masterPageNumber="457" pageNumber="469" updateTime="1698937267394" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="CBD6F5AC64F02C22063C6B5AB167754D">Taxonomy of the North Moroccan and Iberian species of the subgenus Amblypteraca (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae: Pimeliinae: Pimelia)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="37CC38A6680BCDD6C533FAF6834046CC">Mas-Peinado, Paloma</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5661610BD42F64D158A920BD482E94C7">Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), c / José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 - Madrid, Spain. & Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global CIBC-UAM, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c / Darwin 2, 28049 - Madrid, Spain.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E966962E504B7FCDBEBE19D59430E6E2">Ruiz, José L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C4F7BD7FE3E94B069E2F3700C0C5D6C3">Instituto de Estudios Ceutíes. Paseo del Revellín, 30. 51001 - Ceuta Spain.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DB116C3598D35D8ABA96D337B2E8ED24">Merkl, Ottó</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="514084B7E70E3D2C4E97D5E90477FD38">Magyar Természettudományi Múzs- 1088, Baross u. 13, Hungary.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="65F8F6866D8EA664D33A07290938664E">Buckley, David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C647F5DA50FBB571A2783F06C91EB616" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6514-2208</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="AF3467A78D30127AD795780D63C62FA2">Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), c / José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 - Madrid, Spain. & Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Cambio Global CIBC-UAM, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c / Darwin 2, 28049 - Madrid, Spain. & Departamento de Biología (Genética), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), c / Darwin 2, 28049 - Madrid, Spain. david. buckley @ uam. es; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6514 - 2208</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="217B073A5A2909AFF21B47DF49C36DB8" type="email">david.buckley@uam.es</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="DB34ED69A9ACC7735718AA7986BF62BE">García-París, Mario</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="88D1173D7182A9A163852062368434DD">Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), c / José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 - Madrid, Spain. & mparis @ mncn. csic. es; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9361 - 9405</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="793FBA03D5F27EB7B64FE98388135325" type="email">mparis@mncn.csic.es</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="8A769EDD6FE7796690BB48AEECDBA5ED">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="6CE38297328D3F96854C797C6DCAC81D">
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<mods:date id="9B7680BEE6E32163AF8D6513534F89A8">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1E0090BB7B899B165C4A432D9D4F3D35">2021-04-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="89E331AA190EBDFF20FAA009AA2FE882">4963</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="7A1B699C7FDE141F88FA8EB58DD5BD68">3</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="A0F7DC5E8AD060AE4485639073966066" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4963.3.4</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E787871C1A732FBB9212DF4C4445F9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4704367" ID-GBIF-Taxon="181519001" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4704367" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E787871C1A732FBB9212DF4C4445F9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E787871C1A732FBB9212DF4C4445F9" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="471" pageId="12" pageNumber="469">
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<subSubSection id="C354651A1C1A732DBB9212DF499C47EA" box="[151,493,1759,1786]" pageId="12" pageNumber="469" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF136911C1A732DBB9212DF499C47EA" blockId="12.[151,1437,1759,2039]" box="[151,493,1759,1786]" pageId="12" pageNumber="469">
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<heading id="D0B981FD1C1A732DBB9212DF499C47EA" bold="true" box="[151,493,1759,1786]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="469" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B93AEA831C1A732DBB9212DF499C47EA" bold="true" box="[151,493,1759,1786]" pageId="12" pageNumber="469">
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<emphasis id="B93AEA831C1A732DBB9212DF494A47E9" bold="true" box="[151,315,1759,1786]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="469">Systematics of</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D121C1A732DBA4712DF499C47EA" authorityName="Mas-Peinado, Buckley, Ruiz & Garcia-Paris" authorityYear="2018" box="[322,493,1760,1786]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pimelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="479" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Amblypteraca">Amblypteraca</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C354651A1C1A732FBBC2133B4C4445F9" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="471" pageId="12" pageNumber="469" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF136911C1A732DBBC2133B4A5046E7" blockId="12.[151,1437,1759,2039]" pageId="12" pageNumber="469">
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The analysis of the molecular and morphological data sets yielded quite similar views, with populations of Larache,
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<collectingCountry id="F35976011C1A732DBBFA131749274652" box="[255,342,1832,1858]" name="Morocco" pageId="12" pageNumber="469">Assilah</collectingCountry>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D121C1A732DBA91131749A44652" box="[404,469,1832,1858]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cadiz" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cádiz</taxonomicName>
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representing a fairly homogeneous unit corresponding to the mitochondrial group V, different to a point from the populations of Troia (mtDNA group IV), Tleta Rissana (mtDNA group IV) and La Mamora (mtDNA group III). All these populations are well differentiated from those from Sidi Boughaba (mtDNA group II), and also from Sidi
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<collectingCountry id="F35976011C1A732DBAEC13AB4A6346BE" box="[489,530,1940,1966]" name="Morocco" pageId="12" pageNumber="469">Ifni</collectingCountry>
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—Sidi Boughaba (mtDNA group I). Morphological differentiation of Tleta Rissana and La Mamora specimens is relatively well marked, also compatible with the subdivision represented in their mtDNA and mtDNA-
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<emphasis id="B93AEA831C1A732DBA8F13E349CE46E6" box="[394,447,2012,2038]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="469">ITS2</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13752A141C1A732DBACB13E34A6346E7" box="[462,530,2012,2039]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1526,1550]" captionTargetBox="[166,1392,181,1446]" captionTargetId="figure-18@13.[151,1411,181,1481]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 6. Bayesian phylogenetic tree based on the concatenated cox1, 16S and ITS2 (1580bp). Geographic location for lineages within Clade C [Pimelia (Amblypteraca) chrysomeloides Pallas, 1781] are shown in the map. Support for each node is provided by the posterior probabilities (PP) and ultrafast bootstrap support values (uBS)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4704379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4704379/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="469">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="DF3166191C1B732CBB9211C94C6A4746" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4704379" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4704379" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4704379/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="470" startId="13.[151,250,1526,1550]" targetBox="[166,1392,181,1446]" targetPageId="13">
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<paragraph id="8BF136911C1B732CBB9211C94C6A4746" blockId="13.[151,1436,1526,1622]" pageId="13" pageNumber="470">
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<emphasis id="B93AEA831C1B732CBB9211C94962471E" bold="true" box="[151,275,1526,1550]" pageId="13" pageNumber="470">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
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Bayesian phylogenetic tree based on the concatenated
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<emphasis id="B93AEA831C1B732CB84711C94B00471E" box="[834,881,1526,1550]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="470">cox1</emphasis>
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,
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<emphasis id="B93AEA831C1B732CB87B11C94BD4471E" box="[894,933,1526,1550]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="470">16S</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="B93AEA831C1B732CB8D311C94C74471E" box="[982,1029,1526,1550]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="470">ITS2</emphasis>
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(1580bp). Geographic location for lineages within Clade C [
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D121C1B732CBA7E12254BEE4722" authority="Pallas, 1781" authorityName="Pallas" authorityYear="1781" box="[379,927,1562,1586]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pimelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="470" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chrysomeloides" subGenus="Amblypteraca">
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<emphasis id="B93AEA831C1B732CBA7E122549BB4722" box="[379,458,1562,1586]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="470">Pimelia</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B93AEA831C1B732CBADF12254A194722" box="[474,616,1562,1586]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="470">Amblypteraca</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B93AEA831C1B732CB97C12254B664722" box="[633,791,1562,1586]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="470">chrysomeloides</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B601C1B732CB81A12254BEE4722" author="Pallas, P. S." box="[799,927,1562,1586]" pageId="13" pageNumber="470" refId="ref19096" refString="Pallas, P. S. (1781) Icones Insectorum praesertim Rossiae Sibiriaeque quae collegit et descriptionibus illsutravit. Part IV. Erlangae: Sumtu Wolfgangi Waltheri, 97 - 104 + pl. G-H. [Published in 4 parts in 1781, 1782, 1798 and 1806? teste Hagen] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15809" type="journal volume" year="1781">Pallas, 1781</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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] are shown in the map. Support for each node is provided by the posterior probabilities (PP) and ultrafast bootstrap support values (uBS).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="8BF136911C1B732FBBC212BA4AA24051" blockId="13.[151,1437,1668,2019]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,151,1257]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="471" pageId="13" pageNumber="470">
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In these groupings, however, there were some incongruences between the nuclear (
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<emphasis id="B93AEA831C1B732CBF7A12BB4CC5478E" box="[1151,1204,1668,1694]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="470">ITS2</emphasis>
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) and mtDNA markers, suggesting the potential existence of gene exchange and/or mitochondrial introgression between some of those mitocondrial-morphological groups, or potential issues of incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) among markers. The nuclear tree showed that
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<specimenCount id="9D48FD181C1B732CBAB312CE4A23461A" box="[438,594,1776,1803]" pageId="13" pageNumber="470" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
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from Troia was nested among
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<collectingCountry id="F35976011C1B732CB8B312CF4C7B461A" box="[950,1034,1776,1802]" name="Morocco" pageId="13" pageNumber="470">Assilah</collectingCountry>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D121C1B732CBF4112CF4CF4461A" box="[1092,1157,1776,1802]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cadiz" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cádiz</taxonomicName>
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specimens, and was not sister to the other specimens from Troia. In addition, the specimen from Larache clustered together with specimens from Tleta Rissana, instead of being clustered with
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<collectingCountry id="F35976011C1B732CB9CB13074B534642" box="[718,802,1848,1874]" name="Morocco" pageId="13" pageNumber="470">Assilah</collectingCountry>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D121C1B732CB85313074BE64642" box="[854,919,1848,1874]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cadiz" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="474" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cádiz</taxonomicName>
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as they were in the mtDNA tree. Discordances between mtDNA and nuclear markers in a few specimens may suggest some gene exchange between mtDNA groups III, IV and V (Larache-Tleta Rissana; Troia-Cádiz/
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<collectingCountry id="F35976011C1B732CB82E13BF4BF1468B" box="[811,896,1920,1947]" name="Morocco" pageId="13" pageNumber="470">Assilah</collectingCountry>
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). Specimens of La Mamora from mtDNA group III seem to retain their morphological and genetic identity, but they could differ by up to three mutations (
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<emphasis id="B93AEA831C1B732CBE23139B4D2A46AE" box="[1318,1371,1956,1982]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="470">ITS2</emphasis>
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) with respect to other populations of mtDNA groups IV and V. Since samples from La Mamora consisted of only
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<specimenCount id="9D48FD181C1B732FBE6113F7497E41A1" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="471" pageId="13" pageNumber="470" type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
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, it is not unlikely that gene exchange could be effective among neighboring populations of clades IV and V. Consequently, we tentatively retain in a single evolutionary unit (species) all populations included in mtDNA groups III, IV and V. There is complete marker congruence, and no evidence of gene flow between clades A (I), B (II), and C (III-IV-V), and therefore with the data at hand we consider the existence of three main evolutionary units (species) within
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D121C18732FBA551518499C4051" authorityName="Mas-Peinado, Buckley, Ruiz & Garcia-Paris" authorityYear="2018" box="[336,493,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pimelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="479" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Amblypteraca">
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<emphasis id="B93AEA831C18732FBA551518499C4051" box="[336,493,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="471">Amblypteraca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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: Clades A, B and C.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF136911C18732FBBC2157448B042FD" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="14" pageNumber="471">
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Geographic correspondence between patterns of morphological and mtDNA variability suggests that the potential gene exchange within Clade C must have been very limited or that it is relatively recent. The close geographic proximity between Larache and Tleta Rissana, and the apparent absence of environmental barriers, makes quite likely the existence of current gene flow between them. These two population groups were probably separated by the Lukus (or Loukkos) river during the Pleistocene. Nowadays, the Lukus river forms an estuary in the area between Larache and Lixus which may have favoured the connection between both populations (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B601C18732FBFB815C04D064309" author="Gharbaoui, A." box="[1213,1399,511,537]" pageId="14" pageNumber="471" pagination="1 - 439" refId="ref17507" refString="Gharbaoui, A. (1981) La terre et l'homme dans la Peninsule Tingitane. Etude sur l'homme et le milieu naturel dans le Rif occidental. Travaux de l'Institut scientifique, Rabat. Serie Geologie et Geographie physique, 15, 1 - 439." type="journal article" year="1981">Gharbaoui 1981</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B601C18732FBE8615C04916432D" author="El Morhit, M. & Fekhaoui, M. & Serghini, A. & El Blidi, S. & El Abidi, A. & Yahyaoui, A." pageId="14" pageNumber="471" pagination="7 - 24" refId="ref16869" refString="El Morhit, M., Fekhaoui, M., Serghini, A., El Blidi, S., El Abidi, A. & Yahyaoui, A. (2013) Typology of water quality in the Loukkos river estuary (Morocco). Larhyss Journal, 12, 7 - 24." type="journal article" year="2013">
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El Morhit
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<emphasis id="B93AEA831C18732FBBE9161C4955432D" box="[236,292,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
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2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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). Specimens of
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<emphasis id="B93AEA831C18732FB912161C4AD7432D" box="[535,678,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="471">Amblyteraca</emphasis>
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that inhabit sandy soils might be easily changing river shores as the flowing patterns changed when filled with sediments. On the other hand, the morphological differentiation of the Troia specimens with respect to other sequenced individuals is quite evident; however, these specimens are similar to those from populations of Ksar es Seghir (= Alcazarseguer), located at the beaches between
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<collectingCountry id="F35976011C18732FBFC816B04D5343B9" box="[1229,1314,655,681]" name="Morocco" pageId="14" pageNumber="471">Tangier</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="F35976011C18732FBE5E16B04DED43B9" box="[1371,1436,655,681]" name="Spain" pageId="14" pageNumber="471">Ceuta</collectingCountry>
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(northern tip of the Tingitanian Peninsula). Ksar es Seghir was taken by the Portuguese in 1458 and remained for about 100 years as a main center for communications and transport between
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<collectingRegion id="498AF8731C18732FB8F316E84C3543E1" box="[1014,1092,727,753]" country="Portugal" name="Lisboa" pageId="14" pageNumber="471">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
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and the Northern African Portuguese settlements (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B601C18732FBA8716C44A7B4205" author="Braga, P. D." box="[386,522,763,789]" pageId="14" pageNumber="471" pagination="237 - 360" refId="ref16757" refString="Braga, P. D. (1998) A expansao no Norte de Africa. In: Nova Historia da Expansao Portuguesa. Vol. II, A Expansao Quatrocentista. Serrao, de. J. & Marques, A. H. de. O. (Eds.), Editorial Estampa, Lisboa, 237 - 360." type="book chapter" year="1998">
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<collectingRegion id="498AF8731C18732FBA8716C449B64205" box="[386,455,763,789]" country="Portugal" name="Braga" pageId="14" pageNumber="471">Braga</collectingRegion>
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1998
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</bibRefCitation>
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). An appealing explanation for the current presence of this
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D121C18732FBFA216C44D354205" authorityName="Mas-Peinado, Buckley, Ruiz & Garcia-Paris" authorityYear="2018" box="[1191,1348,763,789]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pimelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="479" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Amblypteraca">
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<emphasis id="B93AEA831C18732FBFA216C44D354205" box="[1191,1348,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="471">Amblypteraca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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lineage in continental
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<collectingCountry id="F35976011C18732FBA30172049E64229" box="[309,407,799,825]" name="Portugal" pageId="14" pageNumber="471">Portugal</collectingCountry>
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, near
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<collectingRegion id="498AF8731C18732FBADD17204A584229" box="[472,553,799,825]" country="Portugal" name="Lisboa" pageId="14" pageNumber="471">Lisbon</collectingRegion>
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, is that it is the result of a fortuitous human-mediated introduction from populations located near Ksar es Seghir. Unfortunately, these populations are mostly gone because of the construction of Tanger-Med, a mega-portuary infrastructure, and we were not able to get specimens to test this hypothesis. Lack of congruence between nuclear and mtDNA in
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<specimenCount id="9D48FD181C18732FB98A17B44B5842B5" box="[655,809,907,933]" pageId="14" pageNumber="471" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
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from Troia may suggest that the Portuguese specimens were in contact with coastal Moroccan populations, likely before to their arrival to their present location in
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<collectingCountry id="F35976011C18732FBE53179048CC42FD" name="Portugal" pageId="14" pageNumber="471">Portugal</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF136911C18732FBBC217C84C4445F9" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1257]" pageId="14" pageNumber="471">
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Considering that gene flow is apparently limited, and that populations still retain their morphological singularity, we consider that the evolutionary unit corresponding to Clade C (mtDNA groups III,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D121C18732FBF8910244CC74525" box="[1164,1206,1051,1077]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Iva" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="14" pageNumber="475" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">IVa</taxonomicName>
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, IVb and V), can be subdivided in four subspecific entities. By doing this, we retained an evolutionary species concept within an integrative taxonomy framework (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B601C18732FBAC0105C4AF8456D" author="Padial, J. M. & Miralles, A. & De la Riva, I. & Vences, M." box="[453,649,1123,1149]" pageId="14" pageNumber="471" pagination="1 - 14" refId="ref19038" refString="Padial, J. M., Miralles, A., De la Riva, I. & Vences, M. (2010) The integrative future of taxonomy. Frontiers in Zoology, 7, 1 - 14. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / 1742 - 9994 - 7 - 16" type="journal article" year="2010">
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Padial
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<emphasis id="B93AEA831C18732FB917105C4A3B456D" box="[530,586,1123,1149]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="471">et al.</emphasis>
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2010
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</bibRefCitation>
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|
) for the combined mtDNA groups III, IV and V, but we also considered that the population units of La Mamora, Troia, Tleta Rissana, and Larache-Assilah-Cádiz, might become isolated and independent from each other in the future. The consideration of these morphological groupings as subspecific units was already proposed by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B601C18732FBAF410F04A0E45F9" author="Koch, C." box="[497,639,1231,1257]" pageId="14" pageNumber="471" pagination="7 - 123" refId="ref18208" refString="Koch, C. (1941) Die Verbreitung und Rassenbildung der marokkanischen Pimelien (Col. Tenebr.) (Eine biogeographische Studie). Eos, 16, 7 - 123." type="journal article" year="1941">Koch (1941)</bibRefCitation>
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and partially by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B601C18732FB83910F04B9045F9" author="Antoine, M." box="[828,993,1231,1257]" pageId="14" pageNumber="471" pagination="17 - 58" refId="ref16640" refString="Antoine, M. (1949) Notes d'entomologie marocaine XLVIII. Tableaux de determination des Pimelia du Maroc (Col. Tenebrionidae). Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 116, 17 - 58." type="journal article" year="1949">Antoine (1949</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFDF4B601C18732FB8E910F14C5945F9" author="Antoine, M." box="[1004,1064,1230,1257]" pageId="14" pageNumber="471" pagination="87 - 101" refId="ref16679" refString="Antoine, M. (1951) Notes d'entomologie marocaine LIV. Captures et observations nouvelles (Coleopteres). Bulletin de la Societe des Sciences Naturelles du Maroc, 31 (1950), 87 - 101." type="journal article" year="1951">1951</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |