185 lines
14 KiB
XML
185 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.691.13174" ID-GBIF-Dataset="72f37a70-a388-4489-b497-8dbab6f60125" ID-PMC="PMC5672664" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-691-1" ID-PubMed="29200921" ID-ZBK="3F1D9389849D4DBABAF6C262BE3DBA22" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-691-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 691" ModsDocTitle="New species and new records of earthworms of the genus Drawida from Kerala part of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, India (Oligochaeta, Moniligastridae)" checkinTime="1503007175479" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Narayanan, S. Prasanth, Sathrumithra, S., Christopher, G. & Julka, J. M." docDate="2017" docId="E035F966F7AEEF5F25CE49D0F7E027A7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 691: 1-18" docOrigin="ZooKeys 691" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.691.13174" docTitle="Drawida modesta Rao 1921" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="0B58363AFF87FFB0FFD3FFF02C66FFE7" masterDocTitle="New species and new records of earthworms of the genus Drawida from Kerala part of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, India (Oligochaeta, Moniligastridae)" masterLastPageNumber="18" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1668164698985" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
|
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:title>New species and new records of earthworms of the genus Drawida from Kerala part of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, India (Oligochaeta, Moniligastridae)</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Narayanan, S. Prasanth</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Sathrumithra, S.</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Christopher, G.</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role>
|
|
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart>Julka, J. M.</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part>
|
|
<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number>691</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end>18</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:location>
|
|
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.691.13174</mods:url>
|
|
</mods:location>
|
|
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.691.13174</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-691-1</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">3F1D9389849D4DBABAF6C262BE3DBA22</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">3F1D9389849D4DBABAF6C262BE3DBA22</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="132785411" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E035F966F7AEEF5F25CE49D0F7E027A7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E035F966F7AEEF5F25CE49D0F7E027A7" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
|
<taxonomicName authority="Rao, 1921" authorityName="Rao" authorityYear="1921" class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drawida modesta" order="Oligochaeta" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="modesta">Drawida modesta Rao, 1921</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="reference_group">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drawida modesta" order="Oligochaeta" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="modesta">Drawida modesta</taxonomicName>
|
|
Rao, 1921. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (ser. 9), 8: 525.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drawida modesta" order="Oligochaeta" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="modesta">Drawida modesta</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Stephenson, J" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" title="The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma - Oligochaeta." year="1923">Stephenson 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
|
. Fauna Br. India,
|
|
<taxonomicName higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oligochaeta" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="subclass" subclass="Oligochaeta">Oligochaeta</taxonomicName>
|
|
: 145.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
|
14 clitellate, 4 aclitellate (ACESSD/EW/160), Chandanathodu - Kannavam range (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="11.850889">11°51'3.2"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="75.80334">75°48'12"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), Kannur district, Kerala, India, 784 m a.s.l., evergreen forest, 01 December 2012, S.P. Narayanan, T. Augustine and S. Sathrumithra coll.; 3 clitellate (ACESSD/EW/166), Chandanathodu - Periya Range (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="11.845722">11°50'44.6"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="75.80762">75°48'27.4"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), Wayanad district, Kerala, India, 778 m a.s.l., evergreen forest, 01 December 2012, T. Augustine, S. Sathrumithra and S.P. Narayanan coll.; 1 clitellate, 6 aclitellate (ACESSD/EW/399), Perumalkunnu (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="11.89725">11°53'50.1"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="75.904526">75°54'16.3"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), Kannur district, Kerala, India, 1076 m a.s.l., grassland and evergreen forest, 02 December 2012, S.P. Narayanan, T. Augustine and S. Sathrumithra coll.; 14 clitellate (ACESSD/EW/401), Kunnathoorpadi (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="12.081944">12°4'55"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="75.62753">75°37'39.1"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), Kannur district, Kerala, India, 579 m a.s.l., evergreen forest with reed breaks, 30 November 2012, S.P. Narayanan, T. Augustine and S. Sathrumithra coll.; 1 clitellate (ACESSD/EW/402), Chandanathodu - Kottiyoor range (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="11.851167">11°51'4.2"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="75.78667">75°47'12"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), Kannur district, Kerala, India, 714 m a.s.l., evergreen forest, 1 December 2012, S.P. Narayanan and T. Augustine coll.; 4 clitellate (ACESSD/EW/403), Nedumpoil (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="11.841805">11°50'30.5"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="75.777534">75°46'39.1"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), Kannur district, Kerala, India, 365 m a.s.l., semi-evergreen forest, 1 December 2012, S.P. Narayanan, S. Sathrumithra and T. Augustine coll.; 7 clitel
|
|
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">late</pageBreakToken>
|
|
, 2 aclitellate (ACESSD/EW/406), Koovattumoola - Thirunelli (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="11.901055">11°54'3.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="76.01344">76°0'48.4"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), Wayanad district, Kerala, India, 782 m a.s.l., abandoned paddy field, 21 December 2012, A. Sasi, S.P. Narayanan and S. Sathrumithra coll.; 1 clitellate (ACESSD/EW/407), Paithalmala (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="12.167139">12°10'1.7"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="75.55864">75°33'31.1"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), Kannur district, Kerala, India, 1076 m a.s.l., higher altitude evergreen forest, 30 November 2012, S.P. Narayanan, T. Augustine and S. Sathrumithra coll.; 5 clitellate (ACESSD/EW/409), Ambayithodu (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="11.864112">11°51'50.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="75.89366">75°53'37.2"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), Kannur district, Kerala, India, 216 m a.s.l., disturbed mixed forest area, 02 December 2012, S.P. Narayanan, T. Augustine and S. Sathrumithra coll.; 14 clitellate, 8 aclitellate (ACESSD/EW/472), below Kakkadampoyil (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="11.328305">11°19'41.9"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="76.16522">76°9'54.8"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), Malappuram district, Kerala, India, 98 m a.s.l., semi-evergreen forest near to a stream, 29 October 2014, S.P. Narayanan and S. Sathrumithra coll.; 1 clitellate (ACESSD/EW/473), Naadukaani (
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="11.432778">11°25'58"N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
;
|
|
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="76.38853">76°23' 18.7"E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
), Malappuram district, Kerala, India, 530 m a.s.l., evergreen forest, 28 October 2014, S.P. Narayanan and S. Sathrumithra coll.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Length 75 mm, diameter 4 mm, 207 segments. Intersegmental furrow 1/2 very faint. Setae aa = 13.3 ab = 0.7 bc = 13.3 cd on segment 7, aa = 15.3 ab = 0.7 bc = 15.3 cd on segment 35. Male pores paired, transverse slits with prominent lips, at 10/11, slightly lateral to setae b lines. Spermathecal pores paired, at 7/8, at or slightly lateral to setae b lines. Genital markings paired, oval shaped on segment 7, just anterior to spermathecal pores. Gizzards 2, in segments 13-14. Prostates paired, glandular, sessile, circular to oval in shape; vas deferens short, discharging at dorsal surface and centre of prostates. Spermathecae paired in segment 8; atrium absent.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
India: Kerala: District Kannur: Ambayithodu, Chandanathodu - Kannavam range, Chandanathodu - Kottiyoor range, Kunnathoorpadi, Nedumpoil, Paithalmala, Perumalkunnu; District Wayanad: Chandanathodu - Kannavam range, Koovattumoola - Thirunelli; District Malappuram: Kakkadampoyil, Naadukaani (all new records) (Fig. 2); Karnataka: District Kodagu (Coorg): Moornad, Coorg Hills (
|
|
<bibRefCitation author="Rao, CRN" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="496 - 536" title="On the anatomy of some new species of Drawida." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222932108632613" volume="8" year="1921">Rao 1921</bibRefCitation>
|
|
).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="remarks">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Range of the length, diameter, and number of segments of the Kerala specimens are 60-72 mm, 3-4 mm, and 151-197 respectively. Genital markings are absent in some specimens from Kerala (Table 3).</paragraph>
|
|
<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
Table 3. Number of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Clitellata" family="Moniligastridae" genus="Drawida" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Drawida modesta" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="modesta">Drawida modesta</taxonomicName>
|
|
specimens with and without genital markings (GM).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
<table pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">Site & Reg. no.</th>
|
|
<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">With GM</th>
|
|
<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">Without GM</th>
|
|
<th colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">Total</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">ACESSD</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">ACESSD</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">ACESSD</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">ACESSD</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">ACESSD</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">ACESSD</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">ACESSD</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
<td colspan="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan="1">ACESSD</td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |