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<document id="D33CDCAE43918DAADE6DFFC039BD24CE" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.178107" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e4581647-4b71-42e8-b4d6-7e54610f51e8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="178107" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459881964038" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Levy, Gershom" docDate="2007" docId="E00DA31A1C15FFCA08AB25AF4834F8E9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01551p030.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1551" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Cerbalus aravaensis Levy, 2007, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="1C34DB621C05FFDA083C254D4D42FFB7" masterDocTitle="Calommata (Atypidae) and new spider species (Araneae) from Israel" masterLastPageNumber="30" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1698227573322" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="4B16139EBFCC633AFE3B730DA29D00B6">Calommata (Atypidae) and new spider species (Araneae) from Israel</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="3481D103821E007689EF8E6CD0DB8816" type="personal">
<mods:role id="38A9281D08223855B68BBBC0F9932087">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="089D12F52533577B88558F9A586D88F9">Levy, Gershom</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="BF5695FD21F008C21A9CD3CADAEB1EBD">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="9D69A5B8C561D06D299D494ABDB3881C" type="host">
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<mods:title id="DDDC4D1F3647F2F61F3CAC4034A0B09A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2EFA483277C05AFFC5F1D3D0910204AF">
<mods:date id="88746595A119655B3913AD5AF62A886C">2007</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="423859428CF12184EF4FEE64C0D4ADCE" type="volume">
<mods:number id="D31107835D780239CBDBEB8013B89137">1551</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="F11B0DAA07A91A4D792C18FE8EF6942E">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="BB9DC034365769981712C54702146404" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.178107</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D2E43E32D4A45883FF9AEA9836034214" type="GBIF-Dataset">e4581647-4b71-42e8-b4d6-7e54610f51e8</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C832E9D37CC7CC937FB6BFE5D2EF0DAB" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="97137FCDC455069EC96C8F33B5279C98" type="Zenodo-Dep">178107</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="E00DA31A1C15FFCA08AB25AF4834F8E9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6247669" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119370924" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6247669" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E00DA31A1C15FFCA08AB25AF4834F8E9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E00DA31A1C15FFCA08AB25AF4834F8E9" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<subSubSection id="20BE41871C15FFCA08AB25AF4C63FEA8" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="681B120C1C15FFCA08AB25AF4C97FF4B" blockId="16.[151,469,226,287]" box="[151,469,226,252]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="3353A5601C15FFCA08AB25AF4C97FF4B" bold="true" box="[151,469,226,252]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="1">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA08AB25AF4C97FF4B" bold="true" box="[151,469,226,252]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="AFA4698F1C15FFCA08AB25AF4CCEFF4B" ID-CoL="5XKY2" box="[151,396,226,252]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Cerbalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aravaensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA08AB25AF4CCEFF4B" bold="true" box="[151,396,226,252]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cerbalus aravaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="41E373651C15FFCA09AF25AF4C97FF4B" box="[403,469,226,252]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="681B120C1C15FFCA08AB24484C63FEA8" blockId="16.[151,469,226,287]" box="[151,289,261,287]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<figureCitation id="F09F0E891C15FFCA08AB24484C63FEA8" box="[151,289,261,287]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 42 – 44" captionStart-1="FIGURES 45, 46" captionStartId-0="17.[151,269,1169,1193]" captionStartId-1="17.[151,269,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox-0="[153,1429,209,1144]" captionTargetBox-1="[170,1432,1281,1922]" captionTargetId-0="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1145]" captionTargetId-1="figure@17.[151,1436,1253,1941]" captionTargetPageId-0="17" captionTargetPageId-1="17" captionText-0="FIGURES 42 – 44. Cerbalus aravaensis n. sp. ♂, holotype, left palpus. 42. Mesal view. 43. Ventral view. 44. Retrolateral view." captionText-1="FIGURES 45, 46. Cerbalus aravaensis n. sp. Ψ. 45. Epigynum, ventral view. 46. Spermathecae, dorsal (inner) view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/178117/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/178118/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs. 42–46</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="20BE41871C15FFCA08AB24184938FE20" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="681B120C1C15FFCA08AB24184938FE20" blockId="16.[151,1437,341,1886]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<typeStatus id="B71FACAE1C15FFCA08AB24184C41FED9" box="[151,259,341,366]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA08AB24184C41FED9" box="[151,259,341,366]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Holotype</emphasis>
</typeStatus>
. adult male from edge of salt marsh, north of En Avrona (694176/284815), Arava Valley,
<collectingCountry id="10B3529C1C15FFCA0D1D24184827FED8" box="[1313,1381,341,367]" name="Israel" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Israel</collectingCountry>
, leg. Uri Shanas,
<date id="1C1A34CC1C15FFCA091B24304C84FE20" box="[295,454,381,407]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" value="2003-07-28">July 28, 2003</date>
(
<collectionCode id="0EB58AC91C15FFCA09E924304F4EFE20" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15399" box="[469,524,381,407]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15399" name="Hebrew University" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">HUJ</collectionCode>
15412), pitfall trap; female
<typeStatus id="B71FACAE1C15FFCA0B6A24304EF9FE20" box="[854,955,381,407]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
with same data.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="20BE41871C15FFCA08FA24E54E21FE74" box="[198,867,424,451]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="681B120C1C15FFCA08FA24E54E21FE74" blockId="16.[151,1437,341,1886]" box="[198,867,424,451]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA08FA24E54C11FE75" bold="true" box="[198,339,424,450]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific name refers to the
<typeStatus id="B71FACAE1C15FFCA0AF024E44FBCFE74" box="[716,766,425,451]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="20BE41871C15FFCA08FA24994991FBC9" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
<paragraph id="681B120C1C15FFCA08FA24994969FDD0" blockId="16.[151,1437,341,1886]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA08FA24994C1DFE59" bold="true" box="[198,351,468,494]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Description.</emphasis>
Carapace yellow, covered by fine white bristles and with broad, deep brown, dorsal median band extending anteriorly to frontal tips of chelicerae. Strong yellow legs gartered with black at articulations and tips. Opisthosoma cream-coloured throughout. AME largest, laterals subequal, PME smallest. Clypeus narrower than diameter of an AME. Chelicerae with three retromarginal teeth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="681B120C1C15FFCA08FA27344D93FCBC" blockId="16.[151,1437,341,1886]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA08FA27344C49FD25" box="[198,267,633,658]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Male.</emphasis>
Measurements (
<typeStatus id="B71FACAE1C15FFCA09E827344F7EFD24" box="[468,572,633,659]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
+ 10 ɗɗ;
<typeStatus id="B71FACAE1C15FFCA0AF427344E6CFD24" box="[712,814,633,659]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
listed first): total length 23.5, 18.5–24.0; carapace length 11.5, 9.5–12.0, width 8.5, 7.4–10.0, index 1.35, 1.19–1.31; clypeal index 0.90, 0.70–0.90; leg lengths: I 53.0, 44.7–55.0, II 58.3, 49.0–60.5, III 47.0, 41.2–48.3, IV 49.4, 44.0–52.5; patella-tibia index 1.62, 1.57– 1.81.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="681B120C1C15FFCA08FA2650499DFC30" blockId="16.[151,1437,341,1886]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA08FA26504C5AFC81" box="[198,280,797,822]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Palpus</emphasis>
. Very large with mat of dense bristles on upper back of cymbium. Sclerotic tegular division bears a short, thick, mesally pointed, median apophysis (
<figureCitation id="F09F0E891C15FFCA0AD326084EC6FCE8" box="[751,900,837,863]" captionStart="FIGURES 42 – 44" captionStartId="17.[151,269,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[153,1429,209,1144]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1145]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 42 – 44. Cerbalus aravaensis n. sp. ♂, holotype, left palpus. 42. Mesal view. 43. Ventral view. 44. Retrolateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/178117/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs. 42–44</figureCitation>
). Tibia with one prolateral macroseta and a pointed, retrolateral, black apophysis with light-brown step-like boss at middle (
<figureCitation id="F09F0E891C15FFCA0C7E26204993FC30" box="[1090,1233,877,903]" captionStart="FIGURES 42 – 44" captionStartId="17.[151,269,1169,1193]" captionTargetBox="[153,1429,209,1144]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,194,1145]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 42 – 44. Cerbalus aravaensis n. sp. ♂, holotype, left palpus. 42. Mesal view. 43. Ventral view. 44. Retrolateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/178117/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Figs. 42, 43</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="681B120C1C15FFCA08FA26D44C1EFBB4" blockId="16.[151,1437,341,1886]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA08FA26D44C64FC05" box="[198,294,921,946]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Female.</emphasis>
Measurements (3 ΨΨ): total length 22.0–26.5; carapace length 10.5–11.5, width 8.5–9.0, index 1.24–1.28; clypeal index 0.91; leg lengths: I 41.0–45.9, II 44.0–51.0, III 35.5–39.5, IV 38.5–43.0; patella-tibia index 1.36–1.52.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="681B120C1C15FFCA08FA21584991FBC9" blockId="16.[151,1437,341,1886]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicName id="AFA4698F1C15FFCA08FA21584C7FFB99" box="[198,317,1045,1070]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Epigynum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA08FA21584C7FFB99" box="[198,317,1045,1070]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Epigynum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Large. Smooth, cream-coloured median platelet posteriorly, at middle, slightly or deeply notched; sides bordered by dark brown raised folds densely covered with bristles (
<figureCitation id="F09F0E891C15FFCA0C59217149FCFBE1" box="[1125,1214,1084,1110]" captionStart="FIGURES 45, 46" captionStartId="17.[151,269,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[170,1432,1281,1922]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,1253,1941]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 45, 46. Cerbalus aravaensis n. sp. Ψ. 45. Epigynum, ventral view. 46. Spermathecae, dorsal (inner) view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/178118/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
). Inner spermathecae consist of thick, blackish tubes partly hidden under large ovoid, whitish bodies (
<figureCitation id="F09F0E891C15FFCA0C5221294985FBC9" box="[1134,1223,1124,1150]" captionStart="FIGURES 45, 46" captionStartId="17.[151,269,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[170,1432,1281,1922]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,1253,1941]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 45, 46. Cerbalus aravaensis n. sp. Ψ. 45. Epigynum, ventral view. 46. Spermathecae, dorsal (inner) view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/178118/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="20BE41871C15FFCA08FA21DD4C2AFA95" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="681B120C1C15FFCA08FA21DD4C2AFA95" blockId="16.[151,1437,341,1886]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA08FA21DD4C04FB1D" bold="true" box="[198,326,1168,1194]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AFA4698F1C15FFCA097321DC4F01FB1D" box="[335,579,1169,1194]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Cerbalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aravaensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA097321DC4F01FB1D" box="[335,579,1169,1194]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cerbalus aravaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA0A7021DD4FD2FB1D" bold="true" box="[588,656,1168,1194]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="41E373651C15FFCA0A7021DD4FD2FB1D" box="[588,656,1168,1194]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="AFA4698F1C15FFCA0B2A21DC494AFB1D" authority="Levy" authorityName="Levy" box="[790,1032,1168,1194]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Cerbalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="psammodes">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA0B2A21DC4E81FB1D" box="[790,963,1169,1194]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. psammodes</emphasis>
Levy
</taxonomicName>
by the narrow clypeal region and the light coloured opisthosoma but differs distinctly, also from all other
<taxonomicName id="AFA4698F1C15FFCA0BDA21F44910FB65" box="[998,1106,1209,1234]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Cerbalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA0BDA21F44910FB65" box="[998,1106,1209,1234]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cerbalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, by the shape of the peculiar, median apophysis projecting from the male palpal tergum, and by the shape of the inner spermathecae of the female.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="20BE41871C15FFCA08FA20794F70FA29" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="681B120C1C15FFCA08FA20794F70FA29" blockId="16.[151,1437,341,1886]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA08FA20794C25FAF9" bold="true" box="[198,359,1332,1358]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="10B3529C1C15FFCA095120794CECFAF9" box="[365,430,1332,1358]" name="Israel" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Israel</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="10B3529C1C15FFCA09DA20794F75FAF9" box="[486,567,1332,1358]" name="Jordan" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Jordan</collectingCountry>
, at the conterminous southern Arava Valley. Records:
<collectingCountry id="10B3529C1C15FFCA0C93207949B7FAF9" box="[1199,1269,1332,1358]" name="Israel" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Israel</collectingCountry>
: Yahel,
<taxonomicName id="AFA4698F1C15FFCA0D6C207948D5FAF9" box="[1360,1431,1332,1358]" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Neoscona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lotan" status="sp. nov.">Lotan</taxonomicName>
, Yotvata,
<taxonomicName id="AFA4698F1C15FFCA093E20114C09FAC1" box="[258,331,1372,1398]" class="Arachnida" family="Oxyopidae" genus="Oxyopes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elifaz" status="sp. nov.">Elifaz</taxonomicName>
, En Avrona.
<collectingCountry id="10B3529C1C15FFCA09D020114F7DFAC1" box="[492,575,1372,1398]" name="Jordan" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Jordan</collectingCountry>
: West Wadi Sik (709433/326944), Rahma (704084/314071),
<collectingCountry id="10B3529C1C15FFCA0D1C20114823FAC1" box="[1312,1377,1372,1398]" name="Qatar" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Qatar</collectingCountry>
area (704388/306210; 702650/306079).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="20BE41871C15FFCA08FA20FD4834F8E9" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="681B120C1C15FFCA08FA20FD4FEFF925" blockId="16.[151,1437,341,1886]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA08FA20FD4C17FA7D" bold="true" box="[198,341,1456,1482]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Comments.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="AFA4698F1C15FFCA096720FD4F0EFA7E" box="[347,588,1456,1481]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Cerbalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aravaensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA096720FD4F0EFA7E" box="[347,588,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cerbalus aravaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA0A6F20FD4FD7FA7D" bold="true" box="[595,661,1456,1482]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="41E373651C15FFCA0A6F20FD4FD7FA7D" box="[595,661,1456,1482]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
with a leg span of
<quantity id="AF5CBFE91C15FFCA0B5320FD4EF8FA7D" box="[879,954,1456,1482]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="cm" value="14.0">14 cm</quantity>
, exceeds even
<taxonomicName id="AFA4698F1C15FFCA0C5A20FD480EFA7D" authority="Levy" authorityName="Levy" box="[1126,1356,1456,1482]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Cerbalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="negebensis">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA0C5A20FD484BFA7E" box="[1126,1289,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. negebensis</emphasis>
Levy
</taxonomicName>
, and is thus the largest sparassid of the Middle East. Catching these sizeable, sand dwelling, nocturnal spiders was accomplished by the use of deep buckets instead of the usual pitfall traps, and even these were frequently filled to the brim because of heavy sand storms (Uri Shanas, pers. comm.).
<taxonomicName id="AFA4698F1C15FFCA0C2823654845F9F6" box="[1044,1287,1576,1601]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Cerbalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aravaensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA0C2823654845F9F6" box="[1044,1287,1576,1601]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cerbalus aravaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA0D3323654810F9F5" bold="true" box="[1295,1362,1576,1602]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="41E373651C15FFCA0D3323654810F9F5" box="[1295,1362,1576,1602]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, apart from sand dunes, inhabits also partly stable sands at the edge of salt marshes. Its retreat in the ground is concealed by a hinged, trap-door like operculum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="681B120C1C15FFCA08FA23E94834F8E9" blockId="16.[151,1437,341,1886]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
Adult females were taken in April and July, and males in July and August. All three
<taxonomicName id="AFA4698F1C15FFCA0C8F23E9485CF90A" box="[1203,1310,1700,1725]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Cerbalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA0C8F23E9485CF90A" box="[1203,1310,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Cerbalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species of
<collectingCountry id="10B3529C1C15FFCA08AB23814D9AF951" box="[151,216,1740,1766]" name="Israel" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Israel</collectingCountry>
live in southern arid, extremely hot areas, and yet, albeit nocturnal, are active during July-August, the hottest months in the Middle East. Each of the three species is distributed in a separate area:
<taxonomicName id="AFA4698F1C15FFCA0CCB23B948D9F8BA" box="[1271,1435,1780,1805]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Cerbalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="negebensis">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA0CCB23B948D9F8BA" box="[1271,1435,1780,1805]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. negebensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lives in the stony desert of the Negev (
<bibRefCitation id="0C356FFD1C15FFCA0A5F22514FAAF881" author="Levy" box="[611,744,1820,1846]" pageId="16" pageNumber="29" refString="Levy, G. (1989) The family of huntsman spiders in Israel with annotations on species of the Middle East (Araneae: Sparassidae). Journal of Zoology, London, 217, 127 - 176." type="journal article" year="1989">Levy 1989</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="0C356FFD1C15FFCA0AC922514E71F881" author="Levy" box="[757,819,1820,1846]" pageId="16" pageNumber="29" refString="Levy, G. (1993) On the unknown male of Nonianus pictus and the female of Cerbalus negebensis (Araneae: Sparassidae) from Israel. Israel Journal of Zoology, 39, 231 - 234." type="journal article" year="1993">1993</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="AFA4698F1C15FFCA0B7622514EB5F882" box="[842,1015,1820,1845]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Cerbalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="psammodes">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA0B7622514EB5F882" box="[842,1015,1820,1845]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. psammodes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
inhabits the loose sands of Haluza, while the newly described
<taxonomicName id="AFA4698F1C15FFCA09ED22094F30F8EA" box="[465,626,1860,1885]" class="Arachnida" family="Sparassidae" genus="Cerbalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aravaensis">
<emphasis id="5AD0CE1E1C15FFCA09ED22094F30F8EA" box="[465,626,1860,1885]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">C. aravaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found in the sands of the Arava, in the Afro-Syrian Rift Valley.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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