294 lines
39 KiB
XML
294 lines
39 KiB
XML
<document id="7B0EA114833C87F171D819C2E464621B" ID-DOI="10.2478/if-2018-0003" ID-ISSN="2533-4069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5211719" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629205948636" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Šimůnek, Zbyněk & Cleal, Christopher J." docDate="2018" docId="5F6187B3FFF2FFF6FF9FFB31FB2E64E5" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilImprint.74.1-2.37-44.pdf" docOrigin="Fossil Imprint 74 (1 - 2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/if-2018-0003" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634.4:FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleId="0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634" docStyleName="FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Alethopteris STERNBERG 1825" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="39" masterDocId="A358FFCBFFF3FFF4FFE8FC3AFFF06555" masterDocTitle="Early Occurrence Of A Pennsylvanian-Age Medullosalean Frond Similar To Alethopteris Pseudograndinioides In The Intra-Montane Basin Of Bohemia" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="37" pageNumber="38" updateTime="1699064055911" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:title id="18BA455E4817B0B4DB243D7E6B87F889">Early Occurrence Of A Pennsylvanian-Age Medullosalean Frond Similar To Alethopteris Pseudograndinioides In The Intra-Montane Basin Of Bohemia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CEB536E2AB839F106F29A4C540C6930A">Šimůnek, Zbyněk</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CAD106A7A21F5E8552800754861D0E80">Cleal, Christopher J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="16491D405A6BB2DC4DA47F73509C6438">Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A5EDAE75FB8BA550285D36A89B49FFBC">
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<mods:date id="A8A18B23D6CD61C3DF71480D1112F946">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2A35512C15AC50F713E17A6AB65B2998">2018-08-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B758CF62086A0EAC96628A190D167F10">74</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="A3D7265DFE47FF22B2402E287078238A">1 - 2</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="F3802619E48E1F5B5F325733E5666A13">http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/if-2018-0003</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="89553D542F1A7A9FA8BADE419A50FFAF" type="DOI">10.2478/if-2018-0003</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="26C7839C87DB34D5B0A913AAE43B121B" type="ISSN">2533-4069</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5F6187B3FFF2FFF6FF9FFB31FB2E64E5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5F6187B3FFF2FFF6FF9FFB31FB2E64E5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5F6187B3FFF2FFF6FF9FFB31FB2E64E5" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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<subSubSection id="9FD2652EFFF2FFF5FF9FFB31FE206231" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D77736A5FFF2FFF5FF9FFB31FE346211" blockId="1.[119,732,1803,1860]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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<heading id="8C3F81C9FFF2FFF5FF9FFB31FE346211" centered="true" fontSize="8" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF2FFF5FF9FFB31FE346211" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName id="10C84D26FFF2FFF5FF9FFB31FF0C6276" authorityName="STERNBERG" authorityYear="1825" box="[119,252,1803,1827]" class="Pteridospermopsida" family="Pachytestaceae" genus="Alethopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pachytestales" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF2FFF5FF9FFB31FF0C6276" bold="true" box="[119,252,1803,1827]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">Alethopteris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF2FFF5FECDFB31FDF96276" bold="true" box="[293,521,1803,1827]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">pseudograndinioides</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF2FFF5FDF8FB36FD9D6277" author="Zodrow, E. L. & Cleal, C. J." box="[528,621,1804,1828]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" pagination="65 - 122" refId="ref5533" refString="Zodrow, E. L., Cleal, C. J. (1998): Revision of the pteri- dosperm foliage Alethopteris and Lonchopteridium (Upper Carboniferous), Sydney Coalfield, Nova Scotia, Canada. - Palaeontographica, Abteilung B, 247: 65 - 122." type="journal article" year="1998">ZODROW</bibRefCitation>
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et CLEAL, 1998
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D77736A5FFF2FFF5FE6AFB76FE206231" blockId="1.[386,464,1868,1892]" box="[386,464,1868,1892]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">Pls 1, 2</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9FD2652EFFF2FFF6FF78FB46FB2E64E5" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D77736A5FFF2FFF5FF78FB46FA526424" blockId="1.[106,745,1915,2100]" lastBlockId="1.[820,1460,151,1373]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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D e s c r i p t i o n. This species is represented here by just a single broken pinnule preserved as part and counterpart (Pl. 1, Figs 1, 2). The specimen is
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<quantity id="10309B40FFF2FFF5FD89FB86FD5D6286" box="[609,685,1980,2004]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
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wide and preserved for a length of
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<quantity id="10309B40FFF2FFF5FE4FFBE6FE0562A6" box="[423,501,2012,2036]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
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, with a linguaeform to slightly barreled shape, and rounded to slightly obtuse apex; the base of the pinnule is not fully preserved but shows what may be an incipient basiscopic auricle, and the acroscopic side is somewhat constricted. A prominent midvein extends for most of the pinnule length. Fine lateral veins are emitted from the midvein at an acute angle, arch broadly along most of their length, to meet the pinnule margin at about rightangles. The lateral veins fork three or four times at an acute angle, producing a marginal vein density of ca. 40 per cm.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D77736A5FFF2FFF5FCB2FD40FA446761" blockId="1.[820,1460,151,1373]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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Adaxial epidermis was thinly cutinised, but relatively large fragments could be obtained (Pl. 1, Figs 3–6). The cells of the intercostal field were isodiametric, polygonal,
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<quantity id="10309B40FFF2FFF5FCDCFDE1FC5664A7" box="[820,934,475,499]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="60.0" valueMax="75.0" valueMin="45.0">45–75 mm</quantity>
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in size. The costal field was formed by elongated polygonal to tetragonal cells that were
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<quantity id="10309B40FFF2FFF5FB3FFDC1FABA6746" box="[1239,1354,507,531]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20–30 mm</quantity>
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wide and
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<quantity id="10309B40FFF2FFF5FCDCFE21FC436766" box="[820,947,539,563]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="75.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="50.0">50–100 mm</quantity>
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long. No hairs or trichome bases were observed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D77736A5FFF2FFF5FCB2FE06FC2D6602" blockId="1.[820,1460,151,1373]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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Abaxial epidermis was thinly cutinised and there was a distinct differentiation between the cells of the costal and intercostal fields (Pl. 1, Fig. 7, Pl. 2, Fig. 3). The costal field, covering the lateral veins, was formed by elongate tetragonal, trapezoidal or rarely polygonal cells,
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<quantity id="10309B40FFF2FFF5FADDFE87FA426780" box="[1333,1458,701,725]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="75.0" valueMax="110.0" valueMin="40.0">40–110 mm</quantity>
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long and
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<quantity id="10309B40FFF2FFF5FC75FEE4FBE167A0" box="[925,1041,734,758]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="15.0">15–30 mm</quantity>
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wide. The intercostal fields had more irregularly shaped randomly oriented polygonal cells
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<quantity id="10309B40FFF2FFF5FA98FEC4FCAD6663" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="52.5" valueMax="75.0" valueMin="30.0">30–75 mm</quantity>
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long and
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<quantity id="10309B40FFF2FFF5FC3CFF24FBBA6663" box="[980,1098,798,822]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="15.0">15–30 mm</quantity>
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wide. The anticlinal walls were straight or bent.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D77736A5FFF2FFF5FCB2FF65FC1366ED" blockId="1.[820,1460,151,1373]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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Structured holes (Pl. 1, Fig. 8) occur rarely in the costal field of the abaxial epidermis. They are round and around
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<quantity id="10309B40FFF2FFF5FA70FF45FCAD66E2" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
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in diameter.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D77736A5FFF2FFF5FCB2FFFAFB0C6008" blockId="1.[820,1460,151,1373]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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Anomocytic stomata were restricted to the intercostal fields of the abaxial surface and were randomly oriented (Pl. 2, Fig. 3). The guard cells were sunken and surrounded by 5 to 6 adjacent cells (Pl. 2, Figs 2, 4). The guard cells were reniform with projections in the polar areas,
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<quantity id="10309B40FFF2FFF5FAE3F878FA8D610C" box="[1291,1405,1090,1114]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="35.0" valueMax="38.0" valueMin="32.0">32–38 mm</quantity>
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long and
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<quantity id="10309B40FFF2FFF5FC89F858FC37612C" box="[865,967,1122,1146]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="7.0">7–12 mm</quantity>
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wide. The exterior (dorsal) walls of the guard cells had strong thickened lamellae and radial striae except in the polar regions (Pl. 2, Fig. 4). Moreover, the guard cells were strongly cutinised around the pores and at the contact areas with adjacent cells. The central part of the dorsal walls bore characteristic radial striae. The stomatal density (SD) varied from 100 (costal field included) to 130 stomata per mm
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<superScript id="20BD9BEDFFF2FFF5FCB6F979FC966004" attach="left" box="[862,870,1347,1361]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">2</superScript>
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and the stomatal index from 15 to 18.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D77736A5FFF2FFF5FCB2F94EFA5D6204" blockId="1.[820,1460,1396,2100]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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C o m p a r i s o n s. Alethopterids are generally rare in the upper Radnice Member (
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<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF2FFF5FBD0F9AEFB3960F9" author="Nemejc, F." box="[1080,1225,1428,1452]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref4374" refString="Nemejc, F. (1936): Studies on the Alethopterids of the Per- mocarboniferous of Central Bohemia (with remarks on forms collected in other Bohemian coaldistricts). - Vest- nik Kralovske ceske spolecnosti nauk, Trida II, 1936: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1936">Němejc 1936</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF2FFF5FB3BF9AFFA9E60F8" author="Simunek, Z." box="[1235,1390,1429,1455]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" pagination="381 - 394" refId="ref5022" refString="Simunek, Z. (1988): Varieties of the species Alethopteris grandinioides Kessler from the Kladno Formation (Westphalian C, D, Bohemia). - Casopis pro mineralogii a geologii, 33: 381 - 394." type="journal article" year="1988">Šimůnek 1988</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF2FFF5FA90F9AFFA5F60F8" author="Simunek, Z." box="[1400,1455,1429,1453]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" pagination="389 - 402" refId="ref5151" refString="Simunek, Z. (2007): Cuticular analysis of medullosalean pteridosperms from the Radnice Member (Pennsylvani- an) of the Central and Western Bohemian basins (Czech Republic). - In: Wong, Th. E. (ed.), Proceedings of the XVth International Congress on Carboniferous and Permian Stratigraphy. Utrecht, the Netherlands, 10 - 16 August 2003. Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, pp. 389 - 402." type="book chapter" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF2FFF5FCDCF98FFBCE6098" author="Simunek, Z. & Cleal, C. J." box="[820,1086,1461,1487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" pagination="61 - 64" refId="ref5097" refString="Simunek, Z., Cleal, C. J. (2002): The taxonomy of middle Westphalian medullosalean foliage known as ' Alethopteris grandinioides early form' from the Central and Western Bohemian basins. - Bulletin of the Czech Geological Survey, 77 (1): 61 - 64." type="journal article" year="2002">Šimůnek and Cleal 2002</bibRefCitation>
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). The only species to be previously reported from the tuffites above the “Z-tuff” are possible fragments
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<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF2FFF5FC44F9CCFB53635B" box="[940,1187,1526,1550]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName id="10C84D26FFF2FFF5FC44F9CCFBDB635B" authorityName="STERNBERG" authorityYear="1825" box="[940,1067,1526,1550]" class="Pteridospermopsida" family="Pachytestaceae" genus="Alethopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pachytestales" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alethopteris</taxonomicName>
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lonchitica
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</emphasis>
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STERNBERG; it is better documented from the “Z-tuff” itself. However, the latter species tends to have more elongate linguaeform pinnules, and lateral veins that are less curved, rather denser and fork fewer times (usually only once or occasionally twice). The shorter pinnules in
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<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF2FFF5FC50FAA2FBB363FA" box="[952,1091,1687,1711]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">A. lonchitica</emphasis>
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can develop somewhat biconvex pinnules, but here the pinnules tend to have a more acute apex, in contrast to the more rounded apex in the presently described specimen.
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<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF2FFF5FBFCFAC3FB6B6245" box="[1044,1179,1784,1808]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">A. lonchitica</emphasis>
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has much denser stomata (370 per mm
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<superScript id="20BD9BEDFFF2FFF5FC52FB2DFC326270" attach="left" box="[954,962,1815,1829]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">2</superScript>
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) on the abaxial surface and are surrounded by a ring of subsidiary cells (
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<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF2FFF5FBC7FB03FB4A6204" author="Barthel, M." box="[1071,1210,1849,1873]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 140" refId="ref3422" refString="Barthel, M. (1962): Epidermisuntersuchungen an einigen inkohlten Pteridospermenblattern des Oberkarbons und Perms. - Geologie, 11: 1 - 140." type="journal article" year="1962">Barthel 1962</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF2FFF5FB2DFB00FAAF6204" author="Simunek, Z." box="[1221,1375,1849,1876]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" pagination="5 - 37" refId="ref5063" refString="Simunek, Z. (1996): Carboniferous alethopterids of the Karvina and Zacler Formations (Czech Republic). - Sbornik geologickych ved, Paleontologie, 33: 5 - 37." type="journal article" year="1996">Šimůnek 1996</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF2FFF5FA81FB03FA526204" author="Simunek, Z." box="[1385,1442,1849,1873]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" pagination="389 - 402" refId="ref5151" refString="Simunek, Z. (2007): Cuticular analysis of medullosalean pteridosperms from the Radnice Member (Pennsylvani- an) of the Central and Western Bohemian basins (Czech Republic). - In: Wong, Th. E. (ed.), Proceedings of the XVth International Congress on Carboniferous and Permian Stratigraphy. Utrecht, the Netherlands, 10 - 16 August 2003. Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, pp. 389 - 402." type="book chapter" year="2007">2007</bibRefCitation>
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||
).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D77736A5FFF2FFF6FCB2FB63FD516445" blockId="1.[820,1460,1396,2100]" lastBlockId="2.[128,768,151,2100]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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The only other alethopterid to be recorded from the upper Radnice Member is
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<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF2FFF5FB93FB40FA4262C7" box="[1147,1458,1914,1938]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName id="10C84D26FFF2FFF5FB93FB40FB0D62C7" authorityName="STERNBERG" authorityYear="1825" box="[1147,1277,1914,1938]" class="Pteridospermopsida" family="Pachytestaceae" genus="Alethopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pachytestales" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alethopteris</taxonomicName>
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distantinervosa
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</emphasis>
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R.H.WAGNER, emended by
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<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF2FFF5FBB4FBA1FA8E62E7" author="Simunek, Z. & Cleal, C. J." box="[1116,1406,1946,1973]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" pagination="61 - 64" refId="ref5097" refString="Simunek, Z., Cleal, C. J. (2002): The taxonomy of middle Westphalian medullosalean foliage known as ' Alethopteris grandinioides early form' from the Central and Western Bohemian basins. - Bulletin of the Czech Geological Survey, 77 (1): 61 - 64." type="journal article" year="2002">Šimůnek and Cleal (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. The latter has very similar shaped pinnules, but the veins are much less dense (typically 18‒27 per cm on the pinnules margin) and tend to fork at a wider angle. Cuticles of
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF2FFF5FA74FBC6FC286D61" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">A. distantinervosa</emphasis>
|
||
from the Whetstone Horizon described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF1FFF6FF69FCA2FEDF65E5" author="Simunek, Z." box="[129,303,152,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" pagination="381 - 394" refId="ref5022" refString="Simunek, Z. (1988): Varieties of the species Alethopteris grandinioides Kessler from the Kladno Formation (Westphalian C, D, Bohemia). - Casopis pro mineralogii a geologii, 33: 381 - 394." type="journal article" year="1988">Šimůnek (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are broadly similar to those obtained from the Upper Lubná Coal specimen in the general configuration of the epidermal cells, but differ in having trichomes on the adaxial surface and papillae on the abaxial surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D77736A5FFF1FFF6FF4EFD22FEAA64E5" blockId="2.[128,768,151,2100]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="67A03CF8FFF1FFF6FF4EFD22FEA564E5" collectionCode="R, H" location="lower Radnice Member" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" specimenCount="1">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="08738807FFF1FFF6FF02FD22FEE86465" box="[234,280,280,304]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FE8AFD22FDA96465" box="[354,601,280,304]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10C84D26FFF1FFF6FE8AFD22FE146465" authorityName="STERNBERG" authorityYear="1825" box="[354,484,280,304]" class="Pteridospermopsida" family="Pachytestaceae" genus="Alethopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pachytestales" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alethopteris</taxonomicName>
|
||
nemejcii
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="B1D9AE60FFF1FFF6FD9BFD22FD78647A" box="[627,648,280,303]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">R</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectionCode id="B1D9AE60FFF1FFF6FD64FD22FD52647A" box="[652,674,280,303]" country="Finland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15618" name="University of Helsinki" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" type="Herbarium">H</collectionCode>
|
||
.WAGNER originated from the
|
||
<location id="D217607EFFF1FFF6FEB9FD02FDBA6405" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5F6187B3FFF2FFF6FF9FFB31FB2E64E5:D217607EFFF1FFF6FEB9FD02FDBA6405" box="[337,586,312,336]" name="lower Radnice Member" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">lower Radnice Member</location>
|
||
and has pinnules of similar size and similar vein density, but which are clearly more subtriangular with an acute apex than in the currently described specimen
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D77736A5FFF1FFF6FF4EFD82FD5C67A4" blockId="2.[128,768,151,2100]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF1FFF6FF4EFD82FEB46485" author="Nemejc, F." box="[166,324,440,464]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref4374" refString="Nemejc, F. (1936): Studies on the Alethopterids of the Per- mocarboniferous of Central Bohemia (with remarks on forms collected in other Bohemian coaldistricts). - Vest- nik Kralovske ceske spolecnosti nauk, Trida II, 1936: 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1936">Němejc (1936)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF1FFF6FE9AFD83FDEC6485" author="Simunek, Z." box="[370,540,440,467]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" pagination="389 - 402" refId="ref5151" refString="Simunek, Z. (2007): Cuticular analysis of medullosalean pteridosperms from the Radnice Member (Pennsylvani- an) of the Central and Western Bohemian basins (Czech Republic). - In: Wong, Th. E. (ed.), Proceedings of the XVth International Congress on Carboniferous and Permian Stratigraphy. Utrecht, the Netherlands, 10 - 16 August 2003. Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, pp. 389 - 402." type="book chapter" year="2007">Šimůnek (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FD95FD82FF4764A5" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10C84D26FFF1FFF6FD95FD82FD0F6485" authorityName="STERNBERG" authorityYear="1825" box="[637,767,440,464]" class="Pteridospermopsida" family="Pachytestaceae" genus="Alethopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pachytestales" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alethopteris</taxonomicName>
|
||
serlii
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BRONGNIART) GÖPPERT from the lower Radnice Member, although in the lowland paralic basins it does not appear until late Asturian times (
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FE3EFE22FD336765" box="[470,707,536,560]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Crenulopteris acadica</emphasis>
|
||
Zone – e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF1FFF6FF2BFE02FE356704" author="Zodrow, E. L. & Cleal, C. J." box="[195,453,568,593]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" pagination="65 - 122" refId="ref5533" refString="Zodrow, E. L., Cleal, C. J. (1998): Revision of the pteri- dosperm foliage Alethopteris and Lonchopteridium (Upper Carboniferous), Sydney Coalfield, Nova Scotia, Canada. - Palaeontographica, Abteilung B, 247: 65 - 122." type="journal article" year="1998">Zodrow and Cleal 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Cleal et al. 2010). However,
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FF69FE63FF2A6725" box="[129,218,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">A. serlii</emphasis>
|
||
has generally longer and more slender pinnules, and the lateral veins often tend to be more flexuous (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF1FFF6FD43FE43FF4967E4" author="Wagner, R. H." pageId="2" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 188" refId="ref5237" refString="Wagner, R. H. (1968): Upper Westphalian and Stephanian species of Alethopteris from Europe, Asia Minor and North America. - Mededelingen van de Rijks Geologische Dienst, Serie C, III- 1 (6): 1 - 188." type="journal article" year="1968">Wagner 1968</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF1FFF6FF22FEA3FE2D67E4" author="Zodrow, E. L. & Cleal, C. J." box="[202,477,665,689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" pagination="65 - 122" refId="ref5533" refString="Zodrow, E. L., Cleal, C. J. (1998): Revision of the pteri- dosperm foliage Alethopteris and Lonchopteridium (Upper Carboniferous), Sydney Coalfield, Nova Scotia, Canada. - Palaeontographica, Abteilung B, 247: 65 - 122." type="journal article" year="1998">Zodrow and Cleal 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The stomatal density is similar in both species but in
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FE38FE83FDD86784" box="[464,552,697,721]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">A. serlii</emphasis>
|
||
they are orientated more parallel to the veins (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF1FFF6FE75FEE3FD6F67A4" author="Zodrow, E. L. & Cleal, C. J." box="[413,671,729,753]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" pagination="65 - 122" refId="ref5533" refString="Zodrow, E. L., Cleal, C. J. (1998): Revision of the pteri- dosperm foliage Alethopteris and Lonchopteridium (Upper Carboniferous), Sydney Coalfield, Nova Scotia, Canada. - Palaeontographica, Abteilung B, 247: 65 - 122." type="journal article" year="1998">Zodrow and Cleal 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D77736A5FFF1FFF6FF4EFEC3FEC366E4" blockId="2.[128,768,151,2100]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
|
||
In floras of similar age in the lowland paralic basins of Euramerica, there is some comparison with
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FD95FF23FF226604" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10C84D26FFF1FFF6FD95FF23FD0F6664" authorityName="STERNBERG" authorityYear="1825" box="[637,767,793,817]" class="Pteridospermopsida" family="Pachytestaceae" genus="Alethopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pachytestales" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alethopteris</taxonomicName>
|
||
corsinii
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
BUISINE. However, the pinnules tend to be rather more slender and lanceolate, and the veins are straighter, less forked and with a lower density (ca. 30 per cm on the pinnule margin).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D77736A5FFF1FFF6FF4EFF83FD1D6347" blockId="2.[128,768,151,2100]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
|
||
Among early Westphalian alethopterids of Euramerica, only three species are notably abundant (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF1FFF6FD8AFFE3FD0B66A4" author="Buisine, M." box="[610,763,985,1009]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 317" refId="ref3502" refString="Buisine, M. (1961): Contribution a l'etude de la flore du ter- rain houiller. Les Alethopteridees du Nord de la France. - Etudes Geologiques pour l'Atlas Topographie Souter- raine, 1 (4): 1 - 317." type="journal article" year="1961">Buisine 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF1FFF6FF69FFC0FEDA6144" author="Simunek, Z." box="[129,298,1017,1044]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" pagination="5 - 37" refId="ref5063" refString="Simunek, Z. (1996): Carboniferous alethopterids of the Karvina and Zacler Formations (Czech Republic). - Sbornik geologickych ved, Paleontologie, 33: 5 - 37." type="journal article" year="1996">Šimůnek 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FEADFFC3FDB26144" box="[325,578,1017,1041]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10C84D26FFF1FFF6FEADFFC3FE376144" authorityName="STERNBERG" authorityYear="1825" box="[325,455,1017,1041]" class="Pteridospermopsida" family="Pachytestaceae" genus="Alethopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pachytestales" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alethopteris</taxonomicName>
|
||
decurrens
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(ARTIS) ZEILLER is clearly quite different having much more slender, often almost needle-like pinnules and widely forked lateral veins.
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FF68F860FEFC6127" box="[128,268,1114,1138]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">A. decurrens</emphasis>
|
||
can also be distinguished by having adaxial epidermal cells that are not so markedly differentiated between the costal and intercostal fields and the guard cells of the stomata lack the thickened lamellae and radial striae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF1FFF6FF20F8E0FE9A61A7" author="Simunek, Z." box="[200,362,1242,1268]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" pagination="5 - 37" refId="ref5063" refString="Simunek, Z. (1996): Carboniferous alethopterids of the Karvina and Zacler Formations (Czech Republic). - Sbornik geologickych ved, Paleontologie, 33: 5 - 37." type="journal article" year="1996">Šimůnek 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FE93F8E0FD9861A7" box="[379,616,1242,1266]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10C84D26FFF1FFF6FE93F8E0FE0D61A7" authorityName="STERNBERG" authorityYear="1825" box="[379,509,1242,1266]" class="Pteridospermopsida" family="Pachytestaceae" genus="Alethopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pachytestales" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alethopteris</taxonomicName>
|
||
davreuxii
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BRONGNIART) ZEILLER has notably more lanceolate pinnules, and veins that are more flexuous, often verging on the pseudo-anastomosed, and somewhat less dense (30–36 per cm on pinnule margin);
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FF0EF961FE9A6027" box="[230,362,1370,1394]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">A. davreuxii</emphasis>
|
||
can also be distinguished by having papillate stomata (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF1FFF6FEA6F941FE0460C7" author="Simunek, Z." box="[334,500,1402,1429]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" pagination="5 - 37" refId="ref5063" refString="Simunek, Z. (1996): Carboniferous alethopterids of the Karvina and Zacler Formations (Czech Republic). - Sbornik geologickych ved, Paleontologie, 33: 5 - 37." type="journal article" year="1996">Šimůnek 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FDE3F940FCF060C7" box="[523,768,1402,1426]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10C84D26FFF1FFF6FDE3F940FD7D60C7" authorityName="STERNBERG" authorityYear="1825" box="[523,653,1402,1426]" class="Pteridospermopsida" family="Pachytestaceae" genus="Alethopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pachytestales" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alethopteris</taxonomicName>
|
||
urophylla
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(BRONGNIART) GÖPPERT has less barrel-shaped pinnules, the smaller ones tending to an obliquely subtriangular form (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF1FFF6FF6FF9E1FDE360A6" author="Wagner, R. H. & Alvarez-Vazquez, C." box="[135,531,1498,1525]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" pagination="157 - 192" refId="ref5370" refString="Wagner, R. H., Alvarez-Vazquez, C. (2008): A revision of the Lower Pennsylvanian Alethopteris lonchitica (auctorum) and its identity with Alethopteris urophylla. - Revista Espanola de Paleontologia, 23: 157 - 192." type="journal article" year="2008">Wagner and Álvarez-Vázquez 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); and the stomata are smaller and oriented parallel to the veins (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF1FFF6FDA8F9C1FD126347" author="Simunek, Z." box="[576,738,1530,1557]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" pagination="5 - 37" refId="ref5063" refString="Simunek, Z. (1996): Carboniferous alethopterids of the Karvina and Zacler Formations (Czech Republic). - Sbornik geologickych ved, Paleontologie, 33: 5 - 37." type="journal article" year="1996">Šimůnek 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D77736A5FFF1FFF6FF4EFA21FD5F62A6" blockId="2.[128,768,151,2100]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
|
||
The closest comparison to the currently described specimen is in fact a species normally found in upper Asturian floras (
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FEBFFA61FE2E6326" box="[343,478,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">C. acadica</emphasis>
|
||
Zone) –
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FD95FA61FE9163C6" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10C84D26FFF1FFF6FD95FA61FD0F6326" authorityName="STERNBERG" authorityYear="1825" box="[637,767,1627,1651]" class="Pteridospermopsida" family="Pachytestaceae" genus="Alethopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pachytestales" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alethopteris</taxonomicName>
|
||
pseudograndinioides
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
ZODROW et CLEAL. It also has linguaeform to slightly barrelled pinnules, a well-marked midvein, and broadly curved lateral veins that fork two or four times. The most notable difference is the rather higher vein density (in
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FED9FAC1FDC06246" box="[305,560,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">A. pseudograndinioides</emphasis>
|
||
it is usually 20–34 per cm – see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF1FFF6FEE4FB21FDFB6266" author="Zodrow, E. L. & Cleal, C. J." box="[268,523,1819,1843]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" pagination="65 - 122" refId="ref5533" refString="Zodrow, E. L., Cleal, C. J. (1998): Revision of the pteri- dosperm foliage Alethopteris and Lonchopteridium (Upper Carboniferous), Sydney Coalfield, Nova Scotia, Canada. - Palaeontographica, Abteilung B, 247: 65 - 122." type="journal article" year="1998">Zodrow and Cleal 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is possible that this merely represents an extreme end-member of intra-specific variation but, given its very early stratigraphical occurrence (
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FF61FB46FE7C62C6" box="[137,396,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">A. pseudograndinioides</emphasis>
|
||
has not previously been reliably reported from below the
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FE78FBA1FD7062E6" box="[400,640,1947,1971]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Crenulopteris acadica</emphasis>
|
||
Zone – see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="B3594B54FFF1FFF6FF69FB86FE746281" author="Zodrow, E. L. & Cleal, C. J." box="[129,388,1980,2004]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" pagination="65 - 122" refId="ref5533" refString="Zodrow, E. L., Cleal, C. J. (1998): Revision of the pteri- dosperm foliage Alethopteris and Lonchopteridium (Upper Carboniferous), Sydney Coalfield, Nova Scotia, Canada. - Palaeontographica, Abteilung B, 247: 65 - 122." type="journal article" year="1998">Zodrow and Cleal 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) we think this unlikely. Hence, we have named it
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10C84D26FFF1FFF6FEF5FBE6FE6F62A1" authorityName="STERNBERG" authorityYear="1825" box="[285,415,2012,2036]" class="Pteridospermopsida" family="Pachytestaceae" genus="Alethopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pachytestales" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FEF5FBE6FE6F62A1" box="[285,415,2012,2036]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Alethopteris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FE20FBE6FD5862A1" box="[456,680,2012,2036]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">pseudograndinioides</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D77736A5FFF1FFF6FF4EFBC6FB2E64E5" blockId="2.[128,768,151,2100]" lastBlockId="2.[843,1482,152,432]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="67A03CF8FFF1FFF6FF4EFBC6FB2864F0" country="Canada" county="Canadian" location="upper Asturian Sydney Mines Formation" municipality="The" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" specimenCount="1">
|
||
The cuticles of this Czech specimen also resemble the
|
||
<typeStatus id="08738807FFF1FFF6FF69F426FF496D61" box="[129,185,2076,2100]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">types</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<emphasis id="E5BCEAB7FFF1FFF6FF08F426FDBB6D61" box="[224,587,2076,2100]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="10C84D26FFF1FFF6FF08F426FE926D61" authorityName="STERNBERG" authorityYear="1825" box="[224,354,2076,2100]" class="Pteridospermopsida" family="Pachytestaceae" genus="Alethopteris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pachytestales" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alethopteris</taxonomicName>
|
||
pseudograndinioides
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(from the
|
||
<location id="D217607EFFF1FFF6FD2BF426FB3965E5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5F6187B3FFF2FFF6FF9FFB31FB2E64E5:D217607EFFF1FFF6FD2BF426FB3965E5" box="[707,1225,152,2099]" country="Canada" county="Canadian" municipality="The" name="upper Asturian Sydney Mines Formation" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">upper Asturian Sydney Mines Formation</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="D217607EFFF1FFF6FB3FFCA2FA9365FA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5F6187B3FFF2FFF6FF9FFB31FB2E64E5:D217607EFFF1FFF6FB3FFCA2FA9365FA" box="[1239,1379,152,176]" country="Canada" county="Canadian" municipality="The" name="Cape Breton" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Cape Breton</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="AFDF7635FFF1FFF6FA99FCA2FA3365E5" box="[1393,1475,152,176]" name="Canada" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
) in the shape and the dimensions of the epidermal cells.
|
||
<location id="D217607EFFF1FFF6FA48FC82FA396585" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5F6187B3FFF2FFF6FF9FFB31FB2E64E5:D217607EFFF1FFF6FA48FC82FA396585" box="[1440,1481,184,208]" country="Canada" county="Canadian" municipality="The" name="The" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">The</location>
|
||
stomatal guard cells of the
|
||
<location id="D217607EFFF1FFF6FB83FCE2FB2065A5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5F6187B3FFF2FFF6FF9FFB31FB2E64E5:D217607EFFF1FFF6FB83FCE2FB2065A5" box="[1131,1232,216,240]" country="Canada" county="Canadian" municipality="The" name="Canadian" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Canadian</location>
|
||
specimens were a little smaller and narrower than in the described specimen.
|
||
<location id="D217607EFFF1FFF6FA48FCC2FC406465" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5F6187B3FFF2FFF6FF9FFB31FB2E64E5:D217607EFFF1FFF6FA48FCC2FC406465" country="Canada" county="Canadian" municipality="The" name="The Canadian" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">The Canadian</location>
|
||
specimens also show evidence of stomata that were more parallel oriented than in the described specimen.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="3713ACDFFFF1FFF6FA48FD02FA396405" box="[1440,1481,312,336]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">The</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
stomatal density is a little higher in the
|
||
<collectingCounty id="3E164E29FFF1FFF6FB10FD62FAAD6425" box="[1272,1373,344,368]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Canadian</collectingCounty>
|
||
specimen – 250 stomata per mm
|
||
<superScript id="20BD9BEDFFF1FFF6FBAAFD4DFBBA64D0" attach="right" box="[1090,1098,375,389]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">2</superScript>
|
||
, whereas the studied specimen has only some 100–130 stomata per mm
|
||
<superScript id="20BD9BEDFFF1FFF6FB38FDADFB2864F0" attach="right" box="[1232,1240,407,421]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">2</superScript>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |