209 lines
26 KiB
XML
209 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="D6CDF72C9CA498A580A7B4C0B83C86AC" ID-CLB-Dataset="22018" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2014.74" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fab38ce3-d560-456e-8f87-dcc3f3ef1e9f" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3835012" ID-ZooBank="EF7DE41B-DDA5-48B8-8135-AB012C9C512A" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1589939254530" checkinUser="tatiana" docAuthor="Dietrich, Christopher H. & Gonçalves, Ana Clara" docDate="2014" docId="03FD87CBFFBAFFC9A80B584E5C7D501E" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2014-74.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 74" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Brevaphrodella nigra Dietrich & Gonçalves 2014, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="0E415A40-3645-4C63-9B59-6F15E2512BB2" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="FFC4FFB3FFB2FFC3AA6C5B4659635436" masterDocTitle="New Baltic amber leafhoppers representing the oldest Aphrodinae and Megophthalminae (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae)" masterLastPageNumber="13" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1698840344301" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:mods id="850C56F8D4FB49D94108300EA9F0CB64" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6541D85BFF991E62BF25820A1E9AE6C2">
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<mods:title id="F1A7F094D2F5C67A75B947A6B093D009">New Baltic amber leafhoppers representing the oldest Aphrodinae and Megophthalminae (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="35888EB3525BFE1C0F9F049F665825E9" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="1153DBED3191BF9C2A3CBC31E72F902B">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4361C816F1799A28002E61BBADC46493">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="6BEE58213F2546BD980611EAF4ADEBD7">Dietrich, Christopher H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CC9A123A57B217D7B1CD6608AADE1608" type="LSID">82FCB86C-54B4-456A-AE5E-D7847D271CB9</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="82EF11336484586D61A40567C3442A38">Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, 1816 S. Oak St., Champaign, IL 61820 & Email: chdietri @ illinois. edu (corresponding author) & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 82 FCB 86 C- 54 B 4 - 456 A-AE 5 E-D 7847 D 271 CB 9</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A4C8FF42DCBEEF0E20CC72EDA000013A" type="email">chdietri@illinois.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="F48D7661FA0AA23921D4F73D2EFAA7BA" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F095921BA772DCE03393CF8B983998B4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="B1A010E7953C04CAB609D91725AB6FC6">Gonçalves, Ana Clara</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D3F414A6AB8353C3D81F1A6A8779099B" type="LSID">A69C5C0D-76BC-420B-8FC8-E651DAC3D85F</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="64A428D935E98D1DE6699F1E88E2E30C">Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois, 1816 S. Oak St., Champaign, IL 61820 & agalliinae @ yahoo. com. br & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: A 69 C 5 C 0 D- 76 BC- 420 B- 8 FC 8 - E 651 DAC 3 D 85 F</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="FFFF8259A89172A11FE85E3FCF0185A9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="18F5AD279425B33876EF4C3EAA2EDF29">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="62BB2C099D877F3F1973B10B05F643F4">
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<mods:date id="23599B3A4801E29F9E8FCEE395DD6E5C">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F1EB9920A53EC743A823FBD59449A097">2014-02-14</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="7FF2C6ADCB435C06C2677884FC53AE35" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="FEBFE33F06063D61CCF6B64E626263AA">74</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="71B137EE7FF3276F828A6A08ACCA8CC9">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2707F3815E9144B927C410C14C904233" type="CLB-Dataset">22018</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="20F5D573A1183179D575AD673459C6F6" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2014.74</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03FD87CBFFBAFFC9A80B584E5C7D501E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3851805" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164241171" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3851805" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0E415A40-3645-4C63-9B59-6F15E2512BB2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD87CBFFBAFFC9A80B584E5C7D501E" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<subSubSection id="C34E6556FFBAFFCBA80B584E5AAE5715" box="[615,973,776,803]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFBAFFCBA80B584E5AAE5715" blockId="8.[376,1211,776,874]" box="[615,973,776,803]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<heading id="D0A381B1FFBAFFCBA80B584E5AAE5715" box="[615,973,776,803]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D5EFFBAFFCBA80B584E5A085715" ID-CoL="8JQGG" authority="Dietrich & Gonçalves, 2014" authorityName="Dietrich & Gonçalves" authorityYear="2014" box="[615,875,776,803]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Brevaphrodella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFBAFFCBA80B584E5A085715" bold="true" box="[615,875,776,803]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Brevaphrodella nigra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21357B4FFBAFFCBA91E584F5AAE5715" box="[882,973,777,803]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34E6556FFBAFFCBAB14586A5DD85771" box="[376,1211,812,839]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFBAFFCBAB14586A5DD85771" blockId="8.[376,1211,776,874]" box="[376,1211,812,839]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<uri id="FFC53ADFFFBAFFCBAB14586A5DD85771" box="[376,1211,812,839]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="FFF20C08FFBAFFCBA8F6586A5DD85771" box="[666,1211,812,839]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">0E415A40-3645-4C63-9B59-6F15E2512BB2</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34E6556FFBAFFCBA8BE58095A01575C" box="[722,866,847,874]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFBAFFCBA8BE58095A01575C" blockId="8.[376,1211,776,874]" box="[722,866,847,874]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<figureCitation id="136F2A58FFBAFFCBA8BE58095A25575C" box="[722,838,847,874]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[189,232,1965,1991]" captionTargetBox="[406,1180,717,1913]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[377,1210,703,1925]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 1. Habitus in dorsal and ventral view. A-B. Eomegopthalmus lithuaniensis sp. nov. ♀. C-D. Xestocephalites balticus sp. nov. ♂. E-F. Brevaphrodella nigra sp. nov. ♂. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835014" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835014/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Figs 1E-F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="136F2A58FFBAFFCBA93F58165A01575C" box="[851,866,848,874]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[189,232,1895,1921]" captionTargetBox="[331,1250,737,1847]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[312,1275,731,1855]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 3. Brevaphrodella nigra sp. nov. ♂. A. Body in dorsal view. B. Face. C. Pro- and mesothoracic legs in ventral view. D-E. Metathoracic leg. D. Apical portion of femur, tibia, and tarsomeres, dorsolateral view. E. First tarsomere, ventral view. F. Subgenital plates, and valve, ventral view. Scale bars: A-D, F = 0.5 mm; E = 0.25 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835018" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835018/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">3</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34E6556FFBAFFCBAAD158D75DFF50BD" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFBAFFCBAAD158D75855579D" blockId="8.[189,310,913,939]" box="[189,310,913,939]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<heading id="D0A381B1FFBAFFCBAAD158D75855579D" bold="true" box="[189,310,913,939]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFBAFFCBAAD158D75855579D" bold="true" box="[189,310,913,939]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFBAFFCBAAD158865DFF50BD" blockId="8.[189,1399,960,1164]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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Although the placement in
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D5EFFBAFFCBA86D58865BE857EC" authorityName="Haupt" authorityYear="1927" box="[513,651,960,986]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aphrodinae">Aphrodinae</taxonomicName>
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is somewhat tentative because the ocelli are not visible on the specimen, the overall structure of the head (flattened, produced crown; broad, flattened face with wide, angulate gena); leg chaetotaxy (2+2+1 hind femoral macrosetal formula); and male genital capsule (with numerous, scattered macrosetae and ligulate subgenital plates) are consistent with
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D5EFFBAFFCBAEC05F6C5C595072" authorityName="Haupt" authorityYear="1927" box="[1196,1338,1066,1092]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aphrodinae">Aphrodinae</taxonomicName>
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. The presence of a single enlarged ventral seta near the midlength of the front femur suggests that the new genus is related to
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D5EFFBAFFCBABF55F375B2150BD" authorityName="Van Duzee" authorityYear="1892" box="[409,578,1137,1163]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Xestocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFBAFFCBABF55F375B2150BD" box="[409,578,1137,1163]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Xestocephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and supports its placement in tribe
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D5EFFBAFFCBA9885F375DFB50BD" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1915" box="[996,1176,1137,1163]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Xestocephalini">Xestocephalini</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34E6556FFBAFFCBAAD15FF55D6350CD" box="[189,1024,1203,1276]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFBAFFCBAAD15FF5582750FB" blockId="8.[189,324,1203,1229]" box="[189,324,1203,1229]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<heading id="D0A381B1FFBAFFCBAAD15FF5582750FB" bold="true" box="[189,324,1203,1229]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFBAFFCBAAD15FF5582750FB" bold="true" box="[189,324,1203,1229]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Etymology</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFBAFFCBAAD15FA75D6350CD" blockId="8.[189,1024,1249,1276]" box="[189,1024,1249,1276]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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The species name refers to the black overall coloration of the
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<typeStatus id="54EF887FFFBAFFCBA9FD5FA75A9F50CD" box="[913,1020,1249,1275]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34E6556FFBAFFCBAAD15E655ADD515A" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFBAFFCBAAD15E6558C9510B" blockId="8.[189,426,1315,1341]" box="[189,426,1315,1341]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<heading id="D0A381B1FFBAFFCBAAD15E6558C9510B" bold="true" box="[189,426,1315,1341]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFBAFFCBAAD15E6558C9510B" bold="true" box="[189,426,1315,1341]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Material examined</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFBAFFCBAAD15E145ADD515A" blockId="8.[189,958,1362,1388]" box="[189,958,1362,1388]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<materialsCitation id="3B3C3C80FFBAFFCBAAD15E145ADD515A" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2620873302" box="[189,958,1362,1388]" collectionCode="INHS" country="Lithuania" location="Eocene Baltic" municipality="Palanga" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54EF887FFFBAFFCBAAD15E145849515A" box="[189,298,1362,1388]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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male,
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<location id="8E8B6006FFBAFFCBAB155E145B7E515A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87CBFFBAFFC9A80B584E5C7D501E:8E8B6006FFBAFFCBAB155E145B7E515A" box="[377,541,1362,1388]" country="Lithuania" municipality="Palanga" name="Eocene Baltic" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Eocene Baltic</location>
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amber,
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B8FACA7FFBAFFCBA8175E145BB8515A" box="[635,731,1362,1388]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Palanga</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F343764DFFBAFFCBA88A5E145A35515A" box="[742,854,1362,1388]" name="Lithuania" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Lithuania</collectingCountry>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED45AE18FFBAFFCBA90B5E145AD2515A" box="[871,945,1362,1388]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34797" name="Illinois Natural History Survey" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">INHS</collectionCode>
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).
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34E6556FFBAFFCAAAD15ED558FD5695" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFBAFFCBAAD15ED5582D519B" blockId="8.[189,334,1427,1453]" box="[189,334,1427,1453]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<heading id="D0A381B1FFBAFFCBAAD15ED5582D519B" bold="true" box="[189,334,1427,1453]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFBAFFCBAAD15ED5582D519B" bold="true" box="[189,334,1427,1453]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Description</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFBAFFCBAAD15E855B485215" blockId="8.[189,1399,1474,1572]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">MEASUREMENTS. (in mm). Body length including forewings at rest 3.7; head width 0.9; pronotum width 1.0; front femur length 0.7, tibia 0.7; middle femur length 0.7, tibia 0.8; hind femur length 1.1, tibia 1.9, tarsus 0.7; forewing length 1.2.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFBAFFCAAAD15D0D5D255654" blockId="8.[189,1399,1611,2027]" lastBlockId="9.[189,1399,267,611]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">STRUCTURE. Body small, depressed, ovoid, entirely black. Head triangularly produced; crown weakly convex, shagreen; coronal suture not visible; eyes small, anterior margin slightly emarginate adjacent to antennal base; ocelli not visible. Antennal pits deep, pedicel enlarged, base of flagellum divided into 5 subsegments. Lorum large, flat, narrowly separated from gena ventrally; gena angulate below eye, concealing proepisternum. Anteclypeus flat, tapered distally, apex rounded, extended slightly beyond gena. Rostrum long, extended to base of hind coxae. Pronotum with lateral margins divergent posteriorly, long, carinate. Mesonotum reduced, almost completely concealed by pronotum, scutellum small. Forewing short, coriaceous, elytralike, apex truncate, extended nearly to posterior margin of abdominal tergite IV, venation not delimited. Front femur with AM1 small, near midheight of femur, intercalary row well differentiated with 5-6 setae; AV with single long stout seta near midlength; hind tibia with setal rows PD, AD, AV and PV with 15, 10, 11, and ~53 setae, respectively; with dorsal preapical macrosetae 1+2, row AV with 13 setae becoming longer from base to apex, basal 5 abruptly shorter than others. Middle trochanter with stout ventroapical seta; femur with 4 AV and 1 PV setae, tibia with pair of dorsal setae near base and another near apex, AV with several setae. Hind femur macrosetae 2+2+1, penultimate pair close-set with posterior seta much smaller than anterior; tibia rows AD and PD with approximately equal numbers of macrosetae; AD macrosetae each with one intercalary seta, AD1 slightly offset toward middle of dorsal surface and distad of PD1, pecten with two pairs of shorter setae between two longer lateral and on long medial seta; tarsomere I with dorsoapical pair of macrosetae and two well differentiated rows of short, stout ventral setae; pecten with 5 tapered setae, medial seta longest. Male pygofer with numerous large macrosetae scattered over distal half. Valve concealed by sternite VIII. Subgenital plates ligulate, boatlike, with numerous large macrosetae scattered over most of length, mesal margins straight and closely appressed, apex evenly tapered.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFBBFFCAAAD159CC58FD5695" blockId="9.[189,414,649,676]" box="[189,414,649,676]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FEMALE. Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF2B6655FFBBFFCAAAD15C21589453DD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3835018" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3835018" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3835018/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" startId="9.[189,232,1895,1921]" targetBox="[331,1250,737,1847]" targetPageId="9">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFBBFFCAAAD15C21589453DD" blockId="9.[189,1398,1895,2027]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFBBFFCAAAD15C21586953B7" bold="true" box="[189,266,1895,1921]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D5EFFBBFFCAAB7C5C215B6E53B7" authority="Dietrich & Gonçalves, 2014" authorityName="Dietrich & Gonçalves" authorityYear="2014" box="[272,525,1895,1921]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Brevaphrodella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigra" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFBBFFCAAB7C5C215B6E53B7" box="[272,525,1895,1921]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Brevaphrodella nigra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21357B4FFBBFFCAA87F5C2E5B0E53B4" box="[531,621,1896,1922]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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♂.
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFBBFFCAA8FB5C215BCF53B7" bold="true" box="[663,684,1895,1921]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A</emphasis>
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. Body in dorsal view.
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFBBFFCAA9DC5C215AA753B7" bold="true" box="[944,964,1895,1921]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">B</emphasis>
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. Face.
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFBBFFCAAE7B5C215D4F53B7" bold="true" box="[1047,1068,1895,1921]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C</emphasis>
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. Pro- and mesothoracic legs in ventral view.
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFBBFFCAAB125CCC58D25392" bold="true" box="[382,433,1930,1956]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">D-E</emphasis>
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. Metathoracic leg.
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFBBFFCAA8F45CCC5BCE5392" bold="true" box="[664,685,1930,1956]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">D</emphasis>
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. Apical portion of femur, tibia, and tarsomeres, dorsolateral view.
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFBBFFCAAB695CE8587A53FE" bold="true" box="[261,281,1966,1992]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E</emphasis>
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. First tarsomere, ventral view.
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFBBFFCAA8E25CE85BC353FE" bold="true" box="[654,672,1966,1992]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">F</emphasis>
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. Subgenital plates, and valve, ventral view. Scale bars: A-D, F = 0.5 mm; E = 0.25 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C34E6556FFB8FFC9AAD15A4D5A265562" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFB8FFC9AAD15A4D58D55513" blockId="10.[189,438,267,293]" box="[189,438,267,293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<heading id="D0A381B1FFB8FFC9AAD15A4D58D55513" bold="true" box="[189,438,267,293]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFB8FFC9AAD15A4D58D55513" bold="true" box="[189,438,267,293]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Age and occurrence</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFB8FFC9AAD15A7C5A265562" blockId="10.[189,837,314,340]" box="[189,837,314,340]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Baltic region. Baltic amber, Middle Eocene, ca. 44 Ma.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34E6556FFB8FFC9AAD15A3A5AFE571F" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFB8FFC9AAD15A3A584C55A0" blockId="10.[189,303,380,406]" box="[189,303,380,406]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<heading id="D0A381B1FFB8FFC9AAD15A3A584C55A0" bold="true" box="[189,303,380,406]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFB8FFC9AAD15A3A584C55A0" bold="true" box="[189,303,380,406]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Remarks</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFB8FFC9AAD15AED5AFE571F" blockId="10.[189,1399,427,810]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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Placement of
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D5EFFB8FFC9AB0C5AED5B7555F3" authority="Dietrich & Gonçalves, 2014" authorityName="Dietrich & Gonçalves" authorityYear="2014" box="[352,534,427,453]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Brevaphrodella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFB8FFC9AB0C5AED5B7555F3" box="[352,534,427,453]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Brevaphrodella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21357B4FFB8FFC9A8725AED5BE955F3" box="[542,650,427,453]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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in
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D5EFFB8FFC9A8C35AED5A5A55F3" authorityName="Haupt" authorityYear="1927" box="[687,825,427,453]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aphrodinae">Aphrodinae</taxonomicName>
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is somewhat tentative because the ocelli are not visible on the specimen. Either they are absent or greatly reduced (as in some modern brachypterous leafhoppers), or they are on the anterior margin of the head and not visible due to the presence of a fracture plane concealing this part of the head in the only available specimen. Nevertheless, the overall structure of the head (flattened, produced crown; broad, flattened face with wide, angulate gena); leg chaetotaxy (2+2+1 hind femoral macrosetal formula); and male genital capsule (with numerous, scattered macrosetae and ligulate subgenital plates) are consistent with
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D5EFFB8FFC9AE6659C65DFB56AC" authorityName="Haupt" authorityYear="1927" box="[1034,1176,640,666]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aphrodinae">Aphrodinae</taxonomicName>
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. The presence of a single enlarged ventral seta near the midlength of the front femur suggests that the new genus is related to
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D5EFFB8FFC9AAB6598E58E056D4" authorityName="Van Duzee" authorityYear="1892" box="[218,387,712,738]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Xestocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B920EACFFFB8FFC9AAB6598E58E056D4" box="[218,387,712,738]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Xestocephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and supports its placement in tribe
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D5EFFB8FFC9A970598E5AB356D4" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1915" box="[796,976,712,738]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Xestocephalini">Xestocephalini</taxonomicName>
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. This appears to be the oldest known example of a brachypterous adult leafhopper, along with the specimen of an undescribed species and genus from Baltic amber illustrated by Szwedo (2002: fig. 24).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34E6556FFB8FFC9AAD158175C7D501E" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFB8FFC9AAD15817581D575D" blockId="10.[189,382,849,875]" box="[189,382,849,875]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<heading id="D0A381B1FFB8FFC9AAD15817581D575D" bold="true" box="[189,382,849,875]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="3">
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|
<emphasis id="B920EACFFFB8FFC9AAD15817581D575D" bold="true" box="[189,382,849,875]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Specimen notes</emphasis>
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</heading>
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|
</paragraph>
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|
<paragraph id="8BEB36DDFFB8FFC9AAD158C65C7D501E" blockId="10.[189,1399,896,1065]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
|
The
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<typeStatus id="54EF887FFFB8FFC9AA9F58C6583957AC" box="[243,346,896,922]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
|
is a specimen in excellent condition with apparently very little decomposition or loss of original color, embedded in a clear, light yellow piece of amber with dorsum and venter clearly visible but with numerous air bubbles concealing parts of the venter and a fracture plane obscuring the view of the anterodorsal margin of the head. The abdomen appears to have longitudinal pale stripes but these are asymmetrical and appear to be caused by pockets of air between the integument and the matrix.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |