1162 lines
144 KiB
XML
1162 lines
144 KiB
XML
<document id="B24995CFF077077B6C3C662941F91430" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.195830" ID-GBIF-Dataset="82cdbb30-e80e-48fd-8eb1-83bd91302fc8" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="195830" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460234888988" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Schick, Susanne, Kielgast, Jos, Rödder, Dennis, Muchai, Vincent, Burger, Marius & Lötters, Stefan" docDate="2010" docId="CF6A879D6E3D740166B8FD31DFFB0D30" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02501p036.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2501" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Hyperolius veithi Schick, Kielgast, Rödder, Muchai, Burger & Lötters, 2010, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="3353FFE56E39740A662FFFF6DE1D0822" masterDocTitle="New species of reed frog from the Congo basin with discussion of paraphyly in Cinnamon-belly reed frogs" masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="23" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1698239300048" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3CA78A33A2DEAE6967C606C9441E3DA3">
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<mods:title id="D285BADE70ECDCE48544AAC54475DB6F">New species of reed frog from the Congo basin with discussion of paraphyly in Cinnamon-belly reed frogs</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:namePart id="1B252C0529A0FB940C7DCC964FE614DE">Schick, Susanne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1A19232FBE4A312FDE684250657F4FFF">Kielgast, Jos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B94CBBC87EF7C221C304C36E2A90F2FD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="AFC97A5A09F6C5B9578D29C9EA15B665">Rödder, Dennis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="BA47B9DC071C8FD45C5B9A59A62E73FE" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="F7E43B1E6F02F6B905FEE36A80B00B1D">Muchai, Vincent</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="7FF1BF466F897DCD50AA9542D1832940">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5FB8FEFB8607ACDA8B52E5A17E20D86B">Burger, Marius</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F24824982CB32EB89CDF62FE739B5104">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F18CE0AE89C4AA8A039F3158E97FA692">Lötters, Stefan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="3B66BC7B85AE44B90326CB505ABE0B39">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="54FC7E820006B3A37174E76089BFBB91">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="59BA252B639EC8449EF4D38DD5E13C8C">
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<mods:date id="AC2F5B60C0D54A0824C6E2064AE7B6CC">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="96FD2F2AE47D5DD6E3AFF6DF2407B8B7" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="04518DA11F982E03AED27EE78033E3E8">2501</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="D6E738159F9A7485974111C06A5875D3" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.195830</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="461CFA503258A07B62A746B65D578A4D" type="GBIF-Dataset">82cdbb30-e80e-48fd-8eb1-83bd91302fc8</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="233A24F71DAB0A2BB7D9FC8AD192E603" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="004AB1BC39244B1E7E4B8CA5332034A5" type="Zenodo-Dep">195830</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="CF6A879D6E3D740166B8FD31DFFB0D30" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5660179" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119387851" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5660179" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CF6A879D6E3D740166B8FD31DFFB0D30" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CF6A879D6E3D740166B8FD31DFFB0D30" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<subSubSection id="0FD965006E3D740E66B8FD31DF5C0B26" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3D740E66B8FD31DFD60AC3" blockId="4.[151,459,711,772]" box="[151,459,711,737]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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<heading id="1C3481E76E3D740E66B8FD31DFD60AC3" bold="true" box="[151,459,711,737]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" reason="1">
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||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3D740E66B8FD31DFD60AC3" bold="true" box="[151,459,711,737]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
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||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3D740E66B8FD31DF7A0AC3" ID-CoL="3NR2F" box="[151,359,711,737]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3D740E66B8FD31DF7A0AC3" bold="true" box="[151,359,711,737]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Hyperolius veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6E8457E26E3D740E6741FD31DFD60AC3" box="[366,459,711,737]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3D740E66B8FD1CDF5C0B26" blockId="4.[151,459,711,772]" box="[151,321,746,772]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E3D740E66B0FD1CDEED0B26" box="[159,240,746,772]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,180,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[214,1372,178,1822]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life aspects of: (A) Hyperolius veithi sp. nov. in amplexus (unidentified paratypes; photo J. Kielgast), note that there is a yellow spot on the heel visible in the male frog; (B) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from the type locality (AC 3008; photo A. Channing); (C) H. cinnamomeoventris female from the Kakamega Forest, Kenya (not collected; photo S. Lötters); (D) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from Semliki, Uganda (SL 555; photo A. Channing); (E) H. molleri from São Tomé (photo D. Lin, CAS) and (F) H. thomensis from São Tomé in amplexus (photo D. Lin, CAS)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195832/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A, 4A)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0FD965006E3D740E66B8FCC3DA2C0C28" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3D740E66B8FCC3DFA00B9D" blockId="4.[151,1437,821,2004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3D740E66B8FCC3DF0E0B6D" bold="true" box="[151,275,821,847]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<typeStatus id="987888296E3D740E66B8FCC3DF130B6D" box="[151,270,821,847]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="21D2AE4E6E3D740E6734FCC3DF730B6D" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" box="[283,366,821,847]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">ZFMK</collectionCode>
|
||
89607 (field number A519), adult male, collected by J. Kielgast at a flooded area in the middle of primary forest away from rivers and streams in Salonga National Park (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="22F7504C6E3D740E627AFCACDAAF0B56" box="[1109,1202,858,884]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" precision="555" value="-2.88">02.88 S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="22F7504C6E3D740E6290FCACDB010B56" box="[1215,1308,858,884]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" precision="555" value="20.41">20.41 E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="803B9B6E6E3D740E637DFCACDB810B56" box="[1362,1436,858,884]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="415.0">415 m</quantity>
|
||
above sea level), Province of Bandundu,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3D740E64A6FC76DCE80BB8" box="[649,757,896,922]" name="Ecuador" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Equateur</collectingCountry>
|
||
Kasaï Oriental and Occidental,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3D740E6254FC76DEF50B9D" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Democratic Republic of Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="337D104B6E3D740E66DBFC53DFA40B9D" box="[244,441,933,959]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" value="2008-01-24">24 January 2008</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3D740E66EBFC3CDA2C0C28" blockId="4.[151,1437,821,2004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3D740E66EBFC3CDF550BC6" bold="true" box="[196,328,970,996]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<typeStatus id="987888296E3D740E66EBFC3CDF5E0BC6" box="[196,323,970,996]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Fifty-eight adult specimens of both sexes (
|
||
<collectionCode id="21D2AE4E6E3D740E656AFC3CDD840BC6" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" box="[837,921,970,996]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">ZFMK</collectionCode>
|
||
89608 89645,
|
||
<collectionCode id="21D2AE4E6E3D740E627FFC3CDAB80BC6" box="[1104,1189,970,996]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/mci8-ehqk" name="Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">ZMUC</collectionCode>
|
||
R771393 R771412) from the same locality; data as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="987888296E3D740E641FFC06DC8A0C28" box="[560,663,1008,1034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
but collected 24
|
||
<date id="337D104B6E3D740E6547FC06DA300C28" box="[872,1069,1008,1034]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" value="2008-01-26">26 January 2008</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0FD965006E3D740F66E9FBE3DF720C80" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3D740E66E9FBE3DDDC0ED6" blockId="4.[151,1437,821,2004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3D740E66E9FBE3DF5B0C0D" bold="true" box="[198,326,1045,1071]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
A sexually monochromatic species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3D740E6509FBE3DDBA0C0C" box="[806,935,1045,1070]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3D740E6509FBE3DDBA0C0C" box="[806,935,1045,1070]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Hyperolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the following characters: pupil horizontal; tips of toes and fingers broadened; last phalanx of fingers out of alignment; fingers not arranged in opposing pairs; gular flap in males (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3D740E6413FB96DCC60C58" author="Schiotz" box="[572,731,1120,1146]" pageId="4" pageNumber="36" refString="Schiotz, A. (1999) Treefrogs of Africa. Chimaira: Frankfurt / Main: 350 pp." type="book" year="1999">Schiøtz 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3D740E64C8FB96DA010C58" author="Channing" box="[743,1052,1120,1146]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Channing, A. & Howell, K. M. (2006) Amphibians of East Africa. Chimaira: Frankfurt / Main; Cornell University Press: Ithaca, New York, 418 pp." type="book" year="2006">Channing & Howell 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). It is defined by: (1) SVL males 25.7 ±
|
||
<quantity id="803B9B6E6E3D740E66C4FB73DF5B0CBD" box="[235,326,1157,1183]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
(22.7
|
||
<quantity id="803B9B6E6E3D740E67B4FB73DC1A0CBD" box="[411,519,1157,1183]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.84" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="28.4">28.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, N = 32), females 33.9 ±
|
||
<quantity id="803B9B6E6E3D740E6516FB73DD880CBD" box="[825,917,1157,1183]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
(31.7
|
||
<quantity id="803B9B6E6E3D740E65C6FB73DA4B0CBD" box="[1001,1110,1157,1183]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="36.5">36.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
, N = 27); (2) TIBL/SVL in males 0.54 ± 0.02 (0.52 0.61, N = 32) and in females 0.51 ± 0.02 (0.48 0.55, N = 27), HW/SVL in males 0.33 ± 0.02 (0.3 0.37, N = 32) and in females 0.33 ± 0.01 (0.29 0.35, N = 27); (3) dorsal surface smooth to coarse with few scattered pointed warts, most prominent and tubercular below eye; (4) snout shape dorsally and laterally rounded, nares visible from above; (5) E N/EYE in males 0.78 ± 0.09 (0.53 0.95, N = 32) and in females 0.85 ± 0.09 (0.71 0.99, N = 27), canthus rostralis convex from tip of snout to nostril and straight or slightly concave from nostril to eye; (6) tympanum covered by thick skin but with annulus tympanicus still visible; (7) FOOT/TIBL in males 0.67 ± 0.04 (0.57 0.75, N = 32) and in females 0.75 ± 0.05 (0.67 0.86, N = 27); (8) foot webbing formula 1(1),
|
||
<date id="337D104B6E3D740E646DFA46DC410DE8" box="[578,604,1456,1482]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">2i</date>
|
||
(1) 2e(½),
|
||
<date id="337D104B6E3D740E64F8FA46DCEC0DE8" box="[727,753,1456,1482]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">3i</date>
|
||
(1 1½) 3e(½ 1),
|
||
<date id="337D104B6E3D740E6592FA46DDC50DE8" box="[957,984,1456,1482]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">4i</date>
|
||
(1 2) 4e(1 1½), 5(1 ½); (9) no sexual dichromatism; both sexes dorsally tan, olive brown to dark brown, usually lighter towards the sides and dorsally with more or less intense, diffuse dark markings; there is always a bright yellow dorsolateral line from tip of snout (lines from both sides of the body meet here) to sacral region which is commonly bordered by dark brown; it is broader posterior to eye and often contains tiny dark brown spots which may continue posterior into groin and onto hind limbs; always a cream to yellow spot on the heel; ventral sides are white or cream; a red marking on the inner femur is lacking; the gular flap of males is yellow; the iris is bronze to dark brown; (10) for DNA barcodes access GenBank (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov):
|
||
<accessionNumber id="5890AB686E3D740E6279F943DAC40EED" box="[1110,1241,1717,1743]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU443988" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">GU443988</accessionNumber>
|
||
(male
|
||
<typeStatus id="987888296E3D740E6302F943DB8A0EED" box="[1325,1431,1717,1743]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, ca. 530 bp),
|
||
<accessionNumber id="5890AB686E3D740E6707F92CDFB70ED6" box="[296,426,1754,1780]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU443975" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">GU443975</accessionNumber>
|
||
(female
|
||
<typeStatus id="987888296E3D740E643CF92CDC660ED6" box="[531,635,1754,1780]" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
, ZFMK 89629, ca. 480 bp).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3D740F66EBF8F6DEFE0A50" blockId="4.[151,1437,821,2004]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,152,2007]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
|
||
By being brownish and having a light dorsolateral lines,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3D740E6572F8F6DDDE0F3B" box="[861,963,1792,1817]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3D740E6572F8F6DDDE0F3B" box="[861,963,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
males and females (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E3D740E629CF8F6DAE40F38" box="[1203,1273,1792,1818]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,180,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[214,1372,178,1822]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life aspects of: (A) Hyperolius veithi sp. nov. in amplexus (unidentified paratypes; photo J. Kielgast), note that there is a yellow spot on the heel visible in the male frog; (B) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from the type locality (AC 3008; photo A. Channing); (C) H. cinnamomeoventris female from the Kakamega Forest, Kenya (not collected; photo S. Lötters); (D) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from Semliki, Uganda (SL 555; photo A. Channing); (E) H. molleri from São Tomé (photo D. Lin, CAS) and (F) H. thomensis from São Tomé in amplexus (photo D. Lin, CAS)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195832/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A) are similar in colour and pattern to numerous
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3D740E64ADF8D3DD040F1C" box="[642,793,1829,1854]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3D740E64ADF8D3DD040F1C" box="[642,793,1829,1854]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Hyperolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3D740E65F6F8D3DA920F1D" author="Schiotz" box="[985,1167,1829,1855]" pageId="4" pageNumber="36" refString="Schiotz, A. (1999) Treefrogs of Africa. Chimaira: Frankfurt / Main: 350 pp." type="book" year="1999">Schiøtz 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), including PhJ
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3D740E6352F8D3DF600F46" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3D740E6352F8D3DF600F46" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E3D740E67A3F8BCDFCC0F46" box="[396,465,1866,1892]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,180,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[214,1372,178,1822]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life aspects of: (A) Hyperolius veithi sp. nov. in amplexus (unidentified paratypes; photo J. Kielgast), note that there is a yellow spot on the heel visible in the male frog; (B) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from the type locality (AC 3008; photo A. Channing); (C) H. cinnamomeoventris female from the Kakamega Forest, Kenya (not collected; photo S. Lötters); (D) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from Semliki, Uganda (SL 555; photo A. Channing); (E) H. molleri from São Tomé (photo D. Lin, CAS) and (F) H. thomensis from São Tomé in amplexus (photo D. Lin, CAS)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195832/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C D) and its suggested synonyms
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3D740E6549F8BDDB5A0F46" authority="Buchholz & Peters, 1876" authorityName="Buchholz & Peters" authorityYear="1876" box="[870,1351,1866,1892]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fimbriolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3D740E6549F8BDDA040F46" box="[870,1049,1867,1892]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">H. fimbriolatus</emphasis>
|
||
Buchholz & Peters, 1876
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3D740E6350F8BDDFA20FA8" authority="Laurent, 1943" authorityName="Laurent" authorityYear="1943" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ituriensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3D740E6350F8BDDF170FAB" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">H. ituriensis</emphasis>
|
||
Laurent, 1943
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3D740E67FFF886DCA40FA8" author="Lotters" box="[464,697,1904,1930]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Lotters, S., Gossman, V., Obame, F. & Bohme, W. (2001) Zur Herpetofauna Gabuns. Teil I: Einleitung, Untersuchungsgebiet und Methodik, kommentierte Artenliste der gefundenen Froschlurche. Herpetofauna, 133, 19 - 34." type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Lötters
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3D740E641EF886DC6D0FAB" box="[561,624,1904,1929]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2001
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3D740E64E9F886DD4D0FA8" author="Frost" box="[710,848,1904,1930]" pageId="4" pageNumber="35" refString="Frost, D. R. (2009) Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.3 (12 February, 2009). American Museum of Natural History. New York, USA. Available at: http: // research. amnh. org / herpetology / amphibia / index. html (accessed 6 December 2009)." type="journal article" year="2009">Frost 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3D740E6549F886DA9A0FAB" box="[870,1159,1904,1929]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schoutedeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3D740E6549F886DA9A0FAB" box="[870,1159,1904,1929]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Hyperolius schoutedeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3D740E632DF886DB4E0FA8" box="[1282,1363,1904,1930]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
basin deserves special attention, as this reed frog, like
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3D740E64F5F863DD550F8C" box="[730,840,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3D740E64F5F863DD590F8C" box="[730,836,1941,1966]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">H. veithi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is also sexually monochromatic. The new species can be distinguished from any other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3D740E646EF84DDCDF0FF6" box="[577,706,1979,2004]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3D740E646EF84DDCDF0FF6" box="[577,706,1979,2004]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="27">Hyperolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species which are brownish and have a light dorsolateral lines (including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F6735FF6EDC370893" box="[282,554,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F6735FF6EDC370893" box="[282,554,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F644AFF6EDD070893" box="[613,794,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schoutedeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F644AFF6EDD070893" box="[613,794,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. schoutedeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) as follows: (i) dorsolateral lines relatively short and broad ending in the sacral region (versus in the groin in other species); (ii) dorsolateral lines in life are bright yellow (versus whitish to tan in other species); (iii) dorsolateral lines often contain dark spots (absent in most other species); (iv) presence of a light spot on the heel, cream to yellow in life (absent in other species); (v) absence of a in life red marking on the inner femur (present at least in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F65EAFEDBDAD20964" box="[965,1231,301,326]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F65EAFEDBDAD20964" box="[965,1231,301,326]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its suggested synonyms and occasionally in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F6425FEA4DCA30949" box="[522,702,338,363]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schoutedeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F6425FEA4DCA30949" box="[522,702,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. schoutedeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3C740F64E0FEA4DD6E094E" author="Schiotz" box="[719,883,338,364]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" refString="Schiotz, A. (2006) Notes on the genus Hyperolius (Anura, Hyperoliidae) in central Republique Democratique du Congo. Alytes, 24, 40 - 60." type="journal article" year="2006">Schiøtz 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In addition to (i) to (v), in
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F62E5FEA4DB9A0949" box="[1226,1415,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F62E5FEA4DB9F0949" box="[1226,1410,338,363]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schoutedeni">H. schoutedeni</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
a mid-dorsal line is common (absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F6458FE8EDCF909B3" box="[631,740,376,401]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F6458FE8EDCF909B3" box="[631,740,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and the new species is larger than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F6284FE8EDB7A09B3" box="[1195,1383,376,401]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schoutedeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F6284FE8EDB7A09B3" box="[1195,1383,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. schoutedeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and develops less foot webbing. Five individuals (three males, two females from N'Sele and Garamba,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3C740F6379FE6BDB850995" box="[1366,1432,413,439]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">DRC</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3C740F66B8FE34DF2009FE" author="Schiotz" box="[151,317,450,476]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" refString="Schiotz, A. (2006) Notes on the genus Hyperolius (Anura, Hyperoliidae) in central Republique Democratique du Congo. Alytes, 24, 40 - 60." type="journal article" year="2006">Schiøtz 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the female
|
||
<typeStatus id="987888296E3C740F643FFE34DC6009FE" box="[528,637,450,476]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F6487FE34DD7E09F9" box="[680,867,450,475]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schoutedeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F6487FE34DD7E09F9" box="[680,867,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. schoutedeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E3C740F6559FE34DDDE09FE" box="[886,963,450,476]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,183,1678]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,168,1682]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Dorsal and ventral views of preserved (A) male holotype of Hyperolius veithi sp. nov. (photos by F. Feß), SVL 26.3 mm, (B) female holotype of Hyperolius schoutedeni (photos by MRAC, through the courtesy of D. Meirte), SVL 26.4 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195834/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
B) have maximum SVL in males 22.9 (minimum SVL in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F67A9FE1EDFEE0A23" box="[390,499,488,513]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F67A9FE1EDFEE0A23" box="[390,499,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<quantity id="803B9B6E6E3C740F67D4FE1EDC700A20" box="[507,621,488,514]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.27" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="22.7">22.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and in females
|
||
<quantity id="803B9B6E6E3C740F6511FE1EDDB10A20" box="[830,940,488,514]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.52" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="25.2">25.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(minimum SVL in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F628AFE1EDB0F0A23" box="[1189,1298,488,513]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F628AFE1EDB0F0A23" box="[1189,1298,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<quantity id="803B9B6E6E3C740F6334FE1EDB920A20" box="[1307,1423,488,514]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.17" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="31.7">31.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
);
|
||
<typeStatus id="987888296E3C740F66B8FDFBDEE30A05" box="[151,254,525,551]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
foot webbing formula is 1(1),
|
||
<date id="337D104B6E3C740F6446FDFBDC9E0A05" box="[617,643,525,551]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">2i</date>
|
||
(1) 2e(½),
|
||
<date id="337D104B6E3C740F64D1FDFBDD080A05" box="[766,789,525,551]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">3i</date>
|
||
(1½) 3e(1),
|
||
<date id="337D104B6E3C740F658DFDFBDDA40A05" box="[930,953,525,551]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">4i</date>
|
||
(2) 4e(1½), 5(1) (for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F629DFDFBDB0A0A04" box="[1202,1303,525,550]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F629DFDFBDB0A0A04" box="[1202,1303,525,550]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
see above) (note that measurements and foot webbing data for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F64DCFDC4DDBE0A69" box="[755,931,562,587]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schoutedeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F64DCFDC4DDBE0A69" box="[755,931,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. schoutedeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ slightly from those given by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3C740F636BFDC4DECA0A50" author="Schiotz" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" refString="Schiotz, A. (2006) Notes on the genus Hyperolius (Anura, Hyperoliidae) in central Republique Democratique du Congo. Alytes, 24, 40 - 60." type="journal article" year="2006">Schiøtz 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3C740F66EBFD8BDF930B0E" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Several additional
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F6785FD8BDC2D0AB4" box="[426,560,637,662]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F6785FD8BDC2D0AB4" box="[426,560,637,662]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Hyperolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species have been described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3C740F65F2FD8BDA060AB5" box="[989,1051,637,663]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">DRC</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3C740F6204FD8BDACC0AB5" author="Schiotz" box="[1067,1233,637,663]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" refString="Schiotz, A. (1999) Treefrogs of Africa. Chimaira: Frankfurt / Main: 350 pp." type="book" year="1999">Schiøtz 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3C740F62F0FD8BDB790AB5" author="Frost" box="[1247,1380,637,663]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" refString="Frost, D. R. (2009) Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.3 (12 February, 2009). American Museum of Natural History. New York, USA. Available at: http: // research. amnh. org / herpetology / amphibia / index. html (accessed 6 December 2009)." type="journal article" year="2009">Frost 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) but remain little known as they are based on one to a few specimens only and poor original descriptions. Of these,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F66B8FD3EDFE80AC0" authority="Laurent, 1941" authorityName="Laurent" authorityYear="1941" box="[151,501,712,738]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atrigularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F66B8FD3EDF220AC3" box="[151,319,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. atrigularis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3C740F6767FD3EDFE80AC0" author="Laurent" box="[328,501,712,738]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" refString="Laurent, R. F. (1941) Contributiona la systematique du genre Hyperolius Rapp. (batraciens). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique africaines, 34, 149 - 167." type="journal article" year="1941">Laurent, 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F642CFD3EDD240AC0" authority="Laurent, 1957" authorityName="Laurent" authorityYear="1957" box="[515,825,712,738]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kibarae">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F642CFD3EDC9B0AC3" box="[515,646,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. kibarae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3C740F64A1FD3EDD240AC0" author="Laurent" box="[654,825,712,738]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" refString="Laurent, R. F. (1957) Genres Afrixalus et Hyperolius (Amphibia Salientia). Exploration du Parc national de l'Upemba, Mission G. F. de Witte Fasc., 42, 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="1957">Laurent, 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F6559FD3EDDC90AC3" box="[886,980,712,737]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="polli">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F6559FD3EDDC90AC3" box="[886,980,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. polli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F62A7FD3EDAEF0AC3" box="[1160,1266,712,737]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F62A7FD3EDAEF0AC3" box="[1160,1266,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in colour and pattern in preservative, but none has continuous bright dorsolateral lines (based on
|
||
<typeStatus id="987888296E3C740F624EFD1BDAD50B25" box="[1121,1224,749,775]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
examinations and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3C740F66B8FCE4DF2B0B0E" author="Laurent" box="[151,310,786,812]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" refString="Laurent, R. F. (1941) Contributiona la systematique du genre Hyperolius Rapp. (batraciens). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique africaines, 34, 149 - 167." type="journal article" year="1941">Laurent 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3C740F676CFCE4DF9F0B0E" author="Laurent" box="[323,386,786,812]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" refString="Laurent, R. F. (1957) Genres Afrixalus et Hyperolius (Amphibia Salientia). Exploration du Parc national de l'Upemba, Mission G. F. de Witte Fasc., 42, 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="1957">1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3C740F66EBFCCEDF720C80" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
|
||
In terms of uncorrected p-distances of the 16S mitochondrial rRNA,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F620FFCCEDA910B73" box="[1056,1164,824,849]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F620FFCCEDA910B73" box="[1056,1164,824,849]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is little differentiated genetically from some, but not all populations assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F6552FCABDA840B54" box="[893,1177,861,886]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F6552FCABDA840B54" box="[893,1177,861,886]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="0A4103306E3C740F6285FCABDB100B55" box="[1194,1293,861,887]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,242,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 2. Uncorrected p-distances of the 16 S mitochondrial rRNA gene (ca. 530 bp sequences) of populations of" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). We reject conspecifity, however, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F67E2FC74DC280BB9" box="[461,565,898,923]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F67E2FC74DC280BB9" box="[461,565,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
syntopically occurs with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F6544FC74DA640BB9" box="[875,1145,898,923]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F6544FC74DA640BB9" box="[875,1145,898,923]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(uncorrected p-distance 2.8 4.4 %, but see comment to
|
||
<tableCitation id="0A4103306E3C740F643EFC5EDC770BE0" box="[529,618,936,962]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,242,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 2. Uncorrected p-distances of the 16 S mitochondrial rRNA gene (ca. 530 bp sequences) of populations of" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
) and amplexus was observed 27 times between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F6286FC5EDB0D0BE3" box="[1193,1296,936,961]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F6286FC5EDB0D0BE3" box="[1193,1296,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
individuals but never between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F67A0FC3BDC1C0BC4" box="[399,513,973,998]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F67A0FC3BDC1C0BC4" box="[399,513,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F646DFC3BDD6D0BC4" box="[578,880,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F646DFC3BDD710BC4" box="[578,876,973,998]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">H. cinnamomeoventris</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Additional arguments include presence of monochromatism in the new species versus dichromatism in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F654AFC04DA720C29" box="[869,1135,1010,1035]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F654AFC04DA720C29" box="[869,1135,1010,1035]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E3C740F6250FC04DAD80C2E" box="[1151,1221,1010,1036]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,180,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[214,1372,178,1822]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life aspects of: (A) Hyperolius veithi sp. nov. in amplexus (unidentified paratypes; photo J. Kielgast), note that there is a yellow spot on the heel visible in the male frog; (B) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from the type locality (AC 3008; photo A. Channing); (C) H. cinnamomeoventris female from the Kakamega Forest, Kenya (not collected; photo S. Lötters); (D) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from Semliki, Uganda (SL 555; photo A. Channing); (E) H. molleri from São Tomé (photo D. Lin, CAS) and (F) H. thomensis from São Tomé in amplexus (photo D. Lin, CAS)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195832/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A versus
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E3C740F631AFC04DB670C2E" box="[1333,1402,1010,1036]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,180,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[214,1372,178,1822]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life aspects of: (A) Hyperolius veithi sp. nov. in amplexus (unidentified paratypes; photo J. Kielgast), note that there is a yellow spot on the heel visible in the male frog; (B) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from the type locality (AC 3008; photo A. Channing); (C) H. cinnamomeoventris female from the Kakamega Forest, Kenya (not collected; photo S. Lötters); (D) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from Semliki, Uganda (SL 555; photo A. Channing); (E) H. molleri from São Tomé (photo D. Lin, CAS) and (F) H. thomensis from São Tomé in amplexus (photo D. Lin, CAS)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195832/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
B D) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F66DAFBEEDF7C0C13" box="[245,353,1048,1073]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F66DAFBEEDF7C0C13" box="[245,353,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
having white eggs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E3C740F644FFBEEDCB70C10" box="[608,682,1048,1074]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,180,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[214,1372,178,1822]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life aspects of: (A) Hyperolius veithi sp. nov. in amplexus (unidentified paratypes; photo J. Kielgast), note that there is a yellow spot on the heel visible in the male frog; (B) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from the type locality (AC 3008; photo A. Channing); (C) H. cinnamomeoventris female from the Kakamega Forest, Kenya (not collected; photo S. Lötters); (D) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from Semliki, Uganda (SL 555; photo A. Channing); (E) H. molleri from São Tomé (photo D. Lin, CAS) and (F) H. thomensis from São Tomé in amplexus (photo D. Lin, CAS)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195832/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A) versus the half-pigmented eggs in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F62ABFBEEDF940C75" authority="Lotters et al. 2004" authorityName="Lotters et al." authorityYear="2004" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F62ABFBEEDB810C13" box="[1156,1436,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3C740F66B0FBCBDF9C0C75" author="Lotters" box="[159,385,1085,1111]" pageId="5" pageNumber="35" refString="Lotters, S., Schick, S., Scheelke, K., Teege, P., Kosuch, J., Rotich, D. & Veith, M. (2004) Bio-sketches and partitioning of sympatric reed frogs, genus Hyperolius (Amphibia; Hyperoliidae), in two humid tropical African forest regions. Journal of Natural History, 38, 1969 - 1997." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Lötters
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F66D3FBCBDF240C74" box="[252,313,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The genetically related
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F6481FBCBDD350C74" box="[686,808,1085,1110]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F6481FBCBDD350C74" box="[686,808,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. molleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F654BFBCBDDE20C74" box="[868,1023,1085,1110]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thomensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F654BFBCBDDE20C74" box="[868,1023,1085,1110]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">H. thomensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="0A4103306E3C740F6220FBCBDA770C75" box="[1039,1130,1085,1111]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,242,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 2. Uncorrected p-distances of the 16 S mitochondrial rRNA gene (ca. 530 bp sequences) of populations of" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
) are dorsally brownish to greenish, lack dorsolateral lines (present in the new species) and possess a more coarse skin texture (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E3C740F636FFB94DB9B0C5E" box="[1344,1414,1122,1148]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,180,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[214,1372,178,1822]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life aspects of: (A) Hyperolius veithi sp. nov. in amplexus (unidentified paratypes; photo J. Kielgast), note that there is a yellow spot on the heel visible in the male frog; (B) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from the type locality (AC 3008; photo A. Channing); (C) H. cinnamomeoventris female from the Kakamega Forest, Kenya (not collected; photo S. Lötters); (D) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from Semliki, Uganda (SL 555; photo A. Channing); (E) H. molleri from São Tomé (photo D. Lin, CAS) and (F) H. thomensis from São Tomé in amplexus (photo D. Lin, CAS)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195832/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A versus
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E3C740F66C6FB7EDF300C80" box="[233,301,1160,1186]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,180,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[214,1372,178,1822]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life aspects of: (A) Hyperolius veithi sp. nov. in amplexus (unidentified paratypes; photo J. Kielgast), note that there is a yellow spot on the heel visible in the male frog; (B) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from the type locality (AC 3008; photo A. Channing); (C) H. cinnamomeoventris female from the Kakamega Forest, Kenya (not collected; photo S. Lötters); (D) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from Semliki, Uganda (SL 555; photo A. Channing); (E) H. molleri from São Tomé (photo D. Lin, CAS) and (F) H. thomensis from São Tomé in amplexus (photo D. Lin, CAS)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195832/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
E F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0FD965006E3C740266E9FB5BDAAE0A05" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3C740F66E9FB5BDA530CCE" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F66E9FB5BDF420CE5" bold="true" box="[198,351,1197,1223]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="987888296E3C740F678EFB5BDFC90CE5" box="[417,468,1197,1223]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
|
||
series contains
|
||
<specimenCount id="51C5FD026E3C740F64B8FB5BDD1F0CE5" box="[663,770,1197,1223]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" type="male">32 males</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="51C5FD026E3C740F656DFB5BDDD50CE5" box="[834,968,1197,1223]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" type="female">27 females</specimenCount>
|
||
. In external morphology, mature sexes differ in size (
|
||
<tableCitation id="0A4103306E3C740F6716FB24DF8F0CCE" box="[313,402,1234,1260]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,241,1333,1357]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1416,1942]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 3. Measurements (mm) and proportions of Hyperolius veithi sp. nov. The mean is followed by the standard deviation and the range in parentheses. For abbreviations see text." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/13BC66036E3E740D66B8FAC3DD4B0D4E" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" tableUuid="13BC66036E3E740D66B8FAC3DD4B0D4E">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
) and the presence of gular flap and vocal sac in males only.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3C740F66EBFB0EDD480F45" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
|
||
Body slender with sacrum width about one fifth of SVL; head short and broad with distance from tip of snout to posterior corner of eye about one sixth of SVL; HW about one third of SVL; snout tip in dorsal and lateral views rounded; nostril dorsolateral, protruding and visible from above; choanae rounded; maxillary teeth present, vomerine teeth lacking; tongue about as long as wide, free for half of its length and anteriorly bifurcated; canthus rostralis convex from nostril to tip of snout, straight and longer from nostril to anterior corner of eye; EYE> E N; loreal area barely concave; tympanic membrane covered by thick skin but tympanic annulus visible, TYMP <EYE. Male gular flap relatively small compared to other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3C740F633AFA2EDB810DD3" box="[1301,1436,1496,1521]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3C740F633AFA2EDB810DD3" box="[1301,1436,1496,1521]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Hyperolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3C740F6702FA0BDFD30E35" author="Schiotz" box="[301,462,1533,1559]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" refString="Schiotz, A. (1999) Treefrogs of Africa. Chimaira: Frankfurt / Main: 350 pp." type="book" year="1999">Schiøtz 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Tibia long, about half of SVL, tibiotarsal articulation extending to loreal region when hind limb adpressed forward along body; FOOT <TIBL; relative length of toes: 1 <2 <3 <5 <4; metatarsal tubercles ill-defined, rounded, inner somewhat larger in size and more prominent than outer, rest of sole smooth with distinct subarticular tubercles present at joints of phalanges of all toes; tips of toes broadened; foot webbing formula 1(1),
|
||
<date id="337D104B6E3C740F645EF964DC960E8E" box="[625,651,1682,1708]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">2i</date>
|
||
(1) 2e(½),
|
||
<date id="337D104B6E3C740F6527F964DD3F0E8E" box="[776,802,1682,1708]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">3i</date>
|
||
(1 1½) 3e(½ 1),
|
||
<date id="337D104B6E3C740F65DEF964DA110E8E" box="[1009,1036,1682,1708]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">4i</date>
|
||
(1 2) 4e(1 1½), 5(1 ½). Relative length of fingers: 1 <2 <4 <3; palmar tubercle ill-defined, rounded, thenar tubercle less ill-defined than palmar tubercle, ovoid; rest of palm wrinkled with well visible subarticular tubercles at joints of phalanges of all fingers; tips of fingers broadened, tips of fingers 3 and 4 more than twice the width of finger base; hand webbing absent. Skin of dorsal surfaces smooth to coarse with few scattered pointed warts, most prominent and tubercular below eye, skin of ventral surfaces wrinkled.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3C740F66EBF884DCF30FAE" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2007]" box="[196,750,1906,1932]" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
|
||
For measurements and proportions see
|
||
<tableCitation id="0A4103306E3C740F64BFF884DCF50FAE" box="[656,744,1906,1932]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,241,1333,1357]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1416,1942]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 3. Measurements (mm) and proportions of Hyperolius veithi sp. nov. The mean is followed by the standard deviation and the range in parentheses. For abbreviations see text." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/13BC66036E3E740D66B8FAC3DD4B0D4E" pageId="5" pageNumber="28" tableUuid="13BC66036E3E740D66B8FAC3DD4B0D4E">Table 3</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3C740D66EBF86EDB8108F3" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2007]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">
|
||
In life (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E3C740F6734F86EDF7F0F90" box="[283,354,1944,1970]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,180,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[214,1372,178,1822]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life aspects of: (A) Hyperolius veithi sp. nov. in amplexus (unidentified paratypes; photo J. Kielgast), note that there is a yellow spot on the heel visible in the male frog; (B) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from the type locality (AC 3008; photo A. Channing); (C) H. cinnamomeoventris female from the Kakamega Forest, Kenya (not collected; photo S. Lötters); (D) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from Semliki, Uganda (SL 555; photo A. Channing); (E) H. molleri from São Tomé (photo D. Lin, CAS) and (F) H. thomensis from São Tomé in amplexus (photo D. Lin, CAS)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195832/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="28">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A), both sexes are dorsally tan, olive brown to dark brown, usually lighter towards the sides and dorsally with more or less intense, diffuse dark markings. A yellow dorsolateral line always runs from the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3E740D66B8FF4CDFF908F3" box="[151,484,186,209]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D66B8FF4CDFF908F3" box="[151,484,186,209]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Hyperolius cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and related reed frogs studied in this paper (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E3E740D6594FF4CDDE608F3" box="[955,1019,186,209]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,256,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,374,1730]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[214,1372,371,1737]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bayesian phylogram of Hyperolius species including Cinnamon-belly reed frogs inferred from nucleotide sequence data from 16 S mitochondrial rRNA. Bayesian posterior probabilities> 0.95 each are marked by an asterisk on branch. We here apply species names as given in Table 1; in the Cinnamon-belly reed frog clade, numbers in parentheses give sample size of the same haplotype, which corresponds with localities. Note that Hyperolius cinnamomeoventris is paraphyletic. Topotypic material of H. olivaceus (#) and H. cinnamomeoventris (##) are indicated. Hyperolius sp. ‘ Salonga’ is H. veithi sp. nov. Both the Hierarchical Likelihood Ratio Tests and Akaike Information Criterion implemented in MrModeltest selected a GTR + I + G model with a gamma distribution of 0.5912 and a proportion of invariable sites of 0.2291 (estimated base frequencies: A: 0.3294, C: 0.2260, G: 0.1813, T: 0.2633; rate matrix: A-C: 3.0708, A-G: 7.4382, A-T: 5.3616, C-G: 1.5864, C-T: 21.7283, G-T: 1.0000)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195833/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
; Table 1). For meaning of #, ## and E see
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="13BC66036E3F740C66B8F8C5DEC60FC8" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195832/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" targetBox="[214,1371,180,1818]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3F740C66B8F8C5DEC60FC8" blockId="6.[151,1436,1843,2026]" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3F740C66B8F8C5DF040F69" bold="true" box="[151,281,1843,1867]" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Life aspects of: (A)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3F740C67D6F8C5DCAD0F68" box="[505,688,1843,1866]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3F740C67D6F8C5DCAD0F68" box="[505,688,1843,1866]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">Hyperolius veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6E8457E26E3F740C6497F8C5DD100F69" box="[696,781,1843,1867]" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3F740C6497F8C5DD100F69" bold="true" box="[696,781,1843,1867]" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
in amplexus (unidentified paratypes; photo J. Kielgast), note that there is a yellow spot on the heel visible in the male frog; (B)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3F740C6553F8A5DA6B0F48" box="[892,1142,1875,1898]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3F740C6553F8A5DA6B0F48" box="[892,1142,1875,1898]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male in PhJ from the type locality (AC 3008; photo A. Channing); (C)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3F740C64A2F885DD940FA8" box="[653,905,1907,1930]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3F740C64A2F885DD940FA8" box="[653,905,1907,1930]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
female from the Kakamega Forest, Kenya (not collected; photo S. Lötters); (D)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3F740C67DEF865DCFF0F88" box="[497,738,1939,1962]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3F740C67DEF865DCFF0F88" box="[497,738,1939,1962]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
male in PhJ from Semliki, Uganda (SL 555; photo A. Channing); (E)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3F740C66EEF845DF2F0FE8" box="[193,306,1971,1994]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3F740C66EEF845DF2F0FE8" box="[193,306,1971,1994]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">H. molleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from São Tomé (photo D. Lin, CAS) and (F)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3F740C6503F845DDA70FE8" box="[812,954,1971,1994]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thomensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3F740C6503F845DDA70FE8" box="[812,954,1971,1994]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="29">H. thomensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from São Tomé in amplexus (photo D. Lin, CAS).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="13BC66036E3E740D66B8FF61DB81088D" box="[151,1436,151,175]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B8FF61DB81088D" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" box="[151,1436,151,175]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D66B8FF61DF12088D" bold="true" box="[151,271,151,175]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Uncorrected p-distances of the 16S mitochondrial rRNA gene (ca. 530 bp sequences) of populations of
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B8FF2CDB8608D3" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" box="[151,1435,218,242]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Table 1. Distinct difference of the two
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3E740D6411FF2CDC8108D3" box="[574,668,218,241]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D6411FF2CDC8108D3" box="[574,668,218,241]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D648BFF2CDCE608D0" bold="true" box="[676,763,218,242]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6E8457E26E3E740D648BFF2CDCE608D0" box="[676,763,218,242]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
samples against the other samples is because the sequence of
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B8FF0CDB950960" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<accessionNumber id="5890AB686E3E740D66B8FF0CDF100933" box="[151,269,250,273]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU443975" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">GU443975</accessionNumber>
|
||
is ca. 480 bp only (versus ca. 530 bp in
|
||
<accessionNumber id="5890AB686E3E740D6494FF0CDD2A0933" box="[699,823,250,273]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU443988" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">GU443988</accessionNumber>
|
||
). Sample, locality (GenBank accession number) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
|
||
<date id="337D104B6E3E740D626FFEDBDACF0960" box="[1088,1234,301,322]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" value="1910-09-08">8 9 10</date>
|
||
<date id="337D104B6E3E740D62D9FEDBDB950960" box="[1270,1416,301,322]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" value="1913-12-11">11 12 13</date>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B0FEA1DC82094E" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" box="[159,671,343,366]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
1
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3E740D66E3FEAFDFB8094C" box="[204,421,345,366]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D66E3FEAFDFB8094C" box="[204,421,345,366]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
E,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3E740D6796FEAFDFE6094C" box="[441,507,345,366]" name="Kenya" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Kenya</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Kakamega -
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66E3FE81DF9B09AE" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" box="[204,390,375,396]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Forest (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="5890AB686E3E740D673BFE81DF6209AE" box="[276,383,375,396]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY323925" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">AY323925</accessionNumber>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B0FE69DCC10996" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" box="[159,732,415,438]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
2
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3E740D66E3FE57DFB90994" box="[204,420,417,438]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D66E3FE57DFB90994" box="[204,420,417,438]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
E,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3E740D6799FE57DC190994" box="[438,516,417,438]" name="Uganda" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Bundibugyo 1.6 -
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66E3FE48DF5B09F1" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" box="[204,326,446,467]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
(
|
||
<accessionNumber id="5890AB686E3E740D66FCFE48DF5C09F1" box="[211,321,446,467]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU443994" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">GU443994</accessionNumber>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B0FE10DD0409D9" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" box="[159,793,486,510]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
3
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3E740D66E3FE1FDFB809DC" box="[204,421,489,510]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D66E3FE1FDFB809DC" box="[204,421,489,510]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
E,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3E740D6796FE1FDC1A09DC" box="[441,519,489,510]" name="Uganda" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Semliki 2.2 1.2 -
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66E3FDF0DF5B0A39" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" box="[204,326,518,539]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
(
|
||
<accessionNumber id="5890AB686E3E740D66FCFDF0DF5D0A39" box="[211,320,518,539]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU443993" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" type="EnaNcbi">GU443993</accessionNumber>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B0FDD8DF510A41" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
4
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3E740D66E3FDC7DFB80A64" box="[204,421,561,582]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D66E3FDC7DFB80A64" box="[204,421,561,582]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
E,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3E740D6796FDC6DC1A0A67" box="[441,519,560,581]" name="Uganda" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Kampala 0.2 1.5 2.2 - (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="5890AB686E3E740D66F6FDB8DF5B0A41" box="[217,326,590,611]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU443996" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">GU443996</accessionNumber>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B0FD80DF570A89" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
5
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3E740D66E3FD8EDFB80AAF" box="[204,421,632,653]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D66E3FD8EDFB80AAF" box="[204,421,632,653]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
E,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3E740D6796FD8EDC1A0AAF" box="[441,519,632,653]" name="Uganda" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Bwindi 1.6 1.1 1.6 1.5 - (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="5890AB686E3E740D66F6FD60DF580A89" box="[217,325,662,683]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY603985" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">AY603985</accessionNumber>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B0FD48DF5B0AD0" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
6
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3E740D66E3FD36DFB80AF7" box="[204,421,704,725]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D66E3FD36DFB80AF7" box="[204,421,704,725]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
E,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3E740D6796FD36DC1A0AF7" box="[441,519,704,725]" name="Uganda" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Uganda</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Kibale 0.6 1.8 2.6 0.4 1.9 - (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="5890AB686E3E740D66FCFD2BDF5D0AD0" box="[211,320,733,754]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU443995" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">GU443995</accessionNumber>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B0FCF3DFCC0B18" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
7
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3E740D66E3FCFEDFB80B3F" box="[204,421,776,797]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D66E3FCFEDFB80B3F" box="[204,421,776,797]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
E,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3E740D6796FCF1DFF30B3E" box="[441,494,775,796]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">DRC</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Salonga 3.4 3.0 3.4 3.4 4.0 3.8 - National Park (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="5890AB686E3E740D6772FCD3DFD70B18" box="[349,458,805,826]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU443998" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">GU443998</accessionNumber>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B0FCBBDFFB0BA0" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
8
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D66E3FCA6DFB60B47" box="[204,427,848,869]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
H.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3E740D66C0FCA6DFB60B47" box="[239,427,848,869]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">cinnamomeoventris</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
E,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3E740D6790FCB9DFE90B46" box="[447,500,847,868]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">CAR</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Dzanga- 4.4 4.0 4.2 4.3 3.6 4.7 2.1 - Sangha Reserve (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="5890AB686E3E740D675DFC9BDFFD0BA0" box="[370,480,877,898]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU443997" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">GU443997</accessionNumber>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B0FC63DF270BEB" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
9
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3E740D66E3FC61DFB80B8E" box="[204,421,919,940]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D66E3FC61DFB80B8E" box="[204,421,919,940]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
#,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3E740D6798FC61DFE60B8E" box="[439,507,919,940]" name="Gabon" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Gabon</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Lamabréné 8.4 8.5 8.1 8.3 8.6 8.7 7.5 7.6 - (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="5890AB686E3E740D66FCFC42DF290BEB" box="[211,308,948,969]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/FJ594077" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">FJ594077</accessionNumber>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B0FC2ADF510C33" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
10
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3E740D66E3FC29DFB80BD6" box="[204,421,991,1012]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D66E3FC29DFB80BD6" box="[204,421,991,1012]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
##,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3E740D6791FC29DC150BD6" box="[446,520,991,1012]" name="Angola" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Kalandula 3.8 3.8 3.4 3.8 4.2 4.2 4.2 3.8 5.6 - (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="5890AB686E3E740D66F6FC0ADF5B0C33" box="[217,326,1020,1041]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU443990" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">GU443990</accessionNumber>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B0FBD2DAE30C1B" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" box="[159,1278,1060,1081]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
11
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D66E3FBD2DF280C1B" box="[204,309,1060,1081]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3E740D66E3FBD2DF2C0C1B" box="[204,305,1060,1081]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molleri">H. molleri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3E740D6715FBD2DF870C1B" box="[314,410,1060,1081]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<accessionNumber id="5890AB686E3E740D6788FBD2DC0E0C1B" box="[423,531,1060,1081]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY603990" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">AY603990</accessionNumber>
|
||
) 6.0 5.7 5.6 6.1 5.1 6.5 6.2 6.2 6.6 4.7 -
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B0FBB8DB260C41" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" box="[159,1339,1102,1123]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
12
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3E740D66E3FBB8DF540C41" box="[204,329,1102,1123]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thomensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D66E3FBB8DF540C41" box="[204,329,1102,1123]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">H. thomensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3E740D677AFBB8DFA80C41" box="[341,437,1102,1123]" name="Sao Tome and Principe" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">São Tomé</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<accessionNumber id="5890AB686E3E740D67EDFBB8DC300C41" box="[450,557,1102,1123]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/AY603991" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">AY603991</accessionNumber>
|
||
) 7.0 6.4 6.2 6.8 5.9 5.8 6.7 6.8 7.2 4.9 1.4 -
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B0FB8EDF650C89" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
13
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3E740D66E3FB8EDF030CAF" box="[204,286,1144,1165]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D66E3FB8EDF030CAF" box="[204,286,1144,1165]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6E8457E26E3E740D670BFB8EDF6C0CAF" box="[292,369,1144,1165]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D670BFB8EDF6C0CAF" bold="true" box="[292,369,1144,1165]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3E740D6752FB8EDFAF0CAF" box="[381,434,1144,1165]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">DRC</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Salonga National 9.4 5.2 8.5 5.4 4.6 5.8 4.4 8.7 8.6 3.8 6.2 6.4 - Park (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="5890AB686E3E740D672AFB60DF6F0C89" box="[261,370,1174,1195]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU443988" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">GU443988</accessionNumber>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B0FB48DF650CD2" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1264]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
14
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3E740D66E3FB48DF030CF1" box="[204,286,1214,1235]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D66E3FB48DF030CF1" box="[204,286,1214,1235]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6E8457E26E3E740D670BFB4BDF6C0CF0" box="[292,369,1213,1234]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D670BFB4BDF6C0CF0" bold="true" box="[292,369,1213,1234]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3E740D6752FB48DFAF0CF1" box="[381,434,1214,1235]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">DRC</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Salonga National 4.2 3.5 2.9 3.9 3.3 4.4 2.8 3.5 7.3 2.2 4.9 4.8 0.0 Park (
|
||
<accessionNumber id="5890AB686E3E740D672AFB2DDF6F0CD2" box="[261,370,1243,1264]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/GU443975" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">GU443975</accessionNumber>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="13BC66036E3E740D66B8FAC3DD4B0D4E" ID-Table-UUID="13BC66036E3E740D66B8FAC3DD4B0D4E" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/13BC66036E3E740D66B8FAC3DD4B0D4E" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" targetBox="[151,1436,1416,1942]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B8FAC3DD4B0D4E" blockId="7.[151,1436,1333,1388]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D66B8FAC3DF130D6F" bold="true" box="[151,270,1333,1357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">TABLE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (mm) and proportions of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3E740D64FBFAC0DD8F0D6F" box="[724,914,1334,1357]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D64FBFAC0DD8F0D6F" box="[724,914,1334,1357]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Hyperolius veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6E8457E26E3E740D65B5FAC3DDEE0D6F" box="[922,1011,1333,1357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3E740D65B5FAC3DDEE0D6F" bold="true" box="[922,1011,1333,1357]" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
The mean is followed by the standard deviation and the range in parentheses. For abbreviations see text.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E3E740D66B3FA45DAA70FB4" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<table id="35C3C42B6E3E8BF566B8FA7EDB810FB4" box="[151,1436,1416,1942]" gridcols="3" gridrows="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<tr id="F9F334C96E3E8BF566B8FA7EDB810DE8" box="[151,1436,1416,1482]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<th id="BA225DB56E3E8BF566B8FA7EDF390DE8" box="[151,292,1416,1482]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">SVL</th>
|
||
<th id="BA225DB56E3E8BF567F9FA7EDCE40DE8" box="[470,761,1416,1482]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Females (N = 27) 33.9 ± 1.3 (31.71–36.5)</th>
|
||
<th id="BA225DB56E3E8BF56591FA7EDB810DE8" box="[958,1436,1416,1482]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Males (N = 32) 25.72 ± 1.72 (22.69–28.35)</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="F9F334C96E3E8BF566B8FA17DB810DDA" box="[151,1436,1505,1528]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<th id="BA225DB56E3E8BF566B8FA17DF390DDA" box="[151,292,1505,1528]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">TIBL</th>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF567F9FA17DCE40DDA" box="[470,761,1505,1528]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">17.4 ± 0.73 (15.55–18.49)</td>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF56591FA17DB810DDA" box="[958,1436,1505,1528]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">13.97 ± 0.98 (12.15–16.06)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="F9F334C96E3E8BF566B8F9F9DB810E04" box="[151,1436,1551,1574]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<th id="BA225DB56E3E8BF566B8F9F9DF390E04" box="[151,292,1551,1574]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">HW</th>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF567F9F9F9DCE40E04" box="[470,761,1551,1574]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">11.16 ± 0.42 (10.23–12.12)</td>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF56591F9F9DB810E04" box="[958,1436,1551,1574]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">8.56 ± 0.60 (7.62–10.06)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="F9F334C96E3E8BF566B8F9CBDB810E76" box="[151,1436,1597,1620]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<th id="BA225DB56E3E8BF566B8F9CBDF390E76" box="[151,292,1597,1620]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">E–N</th>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF567F9F9CBDCE40E76" box="[470,761,1597,1620]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">3.43 ± 0.27 (2.98–4.05)</td>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF56591F9CBDB810E76" box="[958,1436,1597,1620]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">2.64 ± 0.22 (1.99–2.96)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="F9F334C96E3E8BF566B8F99DDB810EA0" box="[151,1436,1643,1666]" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<th id="BA225DB56E3E8BF566B8F99DDF390EA0" box="[151,292,1643,1666]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">EYE</th>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF567F9F99DDCE40EA0" box="[470,761,1643,1666]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">3.91 ± 0.39 (3.33–4.45)</td>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF56591F99DDB810EA0" box="[958,1436,1643,1666]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">3.4 ± 0.31 (2.64–4)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="F9F334C96E3E8BF566B8F96FDB810E92" box="[151,1436,1689,1712]" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<th id="BA225DB56E3E8BF566B8F96FDF390E92" box="[151,292,1689,1712]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">TYMP</th>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF567F9F96FDCE40E92" box="[470,761,1689,1712]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Invisible</td>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF56591F96FDB810E92" box="[958,1436,1689,1712]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">Invisible</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="F9F334C96E3E8BF566B8F931DB810EFC" box="[151,1436,1735,1758]" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<th id="BA225DB56E3E8BF566B8F931DF390EFC" box="[151,292,1735,1758]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">FOOT</th>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF567F9F931DCE40EFC" box="[470,761,1735,1758]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">13.0 ± 0.75 (11.42–15.02)</td>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF56591F931DB810EFC" box="[958,1436,1735,1758]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">9.31 ± 0.9 (7.08–10.92)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="F9F334C96E3E8BF566B8F903DB810F2E" box="[151,1436,1781,1804]" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<th id="BA225DB56E3E8BF566B8F903DF390F2E" box="[151,292,1781,1804]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">TIBL/SVL</th>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF567F9F903DCE40F2E" box="[470,761,1781,1804]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">0.51 ± 0.02 (0.48–0.55)</td>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF56591F903DB810F2E" box="[958,1436,1781,1804]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">0.54 ± 0.02 (0.52–0.61)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="F9F334C96E3E8BF566B8F8D5DB810F18" box="[151,1436,1827,1850]" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<th id="BA225DB56E3E8BF566B8F8D5DF390F18" box="[151,292,1827,1850]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">HW/SVL</th>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF567F9F8D5DCE40F18" box="[470,761,1827,1850]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">0.33 ± 0.01 (0.29–0.35)</td>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF56591F8D5DB810F18" box="[958,1436,1827,1850]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">0.33 ± 0.02 (0.31–0.37)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="F9F334C96E3E8BF566B8F8A7DB810F4A" box="[151,1436,1873,1896]" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<th id="BA225DB56E3E8BF566B8F8A7DF390F4A" box="[151,292,1873,1896]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">E–N/EYE</th>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF567F9F8A7DCE40F4A" box="[470,761,1873,1896]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">0.84 ± 0.09 (0.71–0.99)</td>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF56591F8A7DB810F4A" box="[958,1436,1873,1896]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">0.78 ±0.09 (0.53–0.95)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="F9F334C96E3E8BF566B8F889DB810FB4" box="[151,1436,1919,1942]" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<th id="BA225DB56E3E8BF566B8F889DF390FB4" box="[151,292,1919,1942]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">FOOT/TIBL</th>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF567F9F889DCE40FB4" box="[470,761,1919,1942]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">0.75 ± 0.05 (0.67–0.86)</td>
|
||
<td id="BA225DB56E3E8BF56591F889DB810FB4" box="[958,1436,1919,1942]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="7" pageNumber="30">0.67 ± 0.04 (0.57–0.75)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E31740266B8FF6EDD07094E" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">tip of snout (lines from both sides of the body meet here) to the sacral region; this line is commonly bordered by dark brown colour and is broader posterior to eye where it often contains tiny dark brown spots. Spots may continue posterior to the dorsolateral lines into groin and onto hind limbs. The heel always has a cream to yellow spot. Ventral sides are white or cream; a red marking on inner femur is lacking; the gular flap of males is yellow. The iris is bronze to dark brown. In preservative, colours fade as follows: tan and brown to greyish, yellow to cream; dark brown, cream and white remain.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E31740266EBFE8EDAAE0A05" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
|
||
In characters with intraspecific variation, male
|
||
<typeStatus id="987888296E31740264C6FE8EDD4D09B0" box="[745,848,376,402]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
conditions are as follows: gular flap and vocal sac present; foot webbing formula 1(1),
|
||
<date id="337D104B6E3174026463FE6BDC7A0995" box="[588,615,413,439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">2i</date>
|
||
(1) 2e(½),
|
||
<date id="337D104B6E31740264CBFE6BDCE30995" box="[740,766,413,439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">3i</date>
|
||
(1) 3e(½),
|
||
<date id="337D104B6E3174026553FE6BDD8A0995" box="[892,919,413,439]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">4i</date>
|
||
/e(1), 5(½); SVL
|
||
<quantity id="803B9B6E6E3174026249FE6BDACE0995" box="[1126,1235,413,439]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.63" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="26.3">26.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, TIBL
|
||
<quantity id="803B9B6E6E3174026305FE6BDB8A0995" box="[1322,1431,413,439]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.39" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="13.9">13.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
, HW
|
||
<quantity id="803B9B6E6E31740266E0FE34DF3609FE" box="[207,299,450,476]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="9.2">9.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
, E N
|
||
<quantity id="803B9B6E6E317402675CFE34DFD209FE" box="[371,463,450,476]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, EYE
|
||
<quantity id="803B9B6E6E3174026435FE34DC6A09FE" box="[538,631,450,476]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
, TYMP
|
||
<quantity id="803B9B6E6E31740264F5FE34DD2A09FE" box="[730,823,450,476]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
, FOOT
|
||
<quantity id="803B9B6E6E31740265BAFE34DA1C09FE" box="[917,1025,450,476]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="10.6">10.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
. For individual aspects of colour in preservative and pattern see
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E31740267CBFE1EDC550A20" box="[484,584,488,514]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[151,255,1703,1727]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,183,1678]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,168,1682]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. Dorsal and ventral views of preserved (A) male holotype of Hyperolius veithi sp. nov. (photos by F. Feß), SVL 26.3 mm, (B) female holotype of Hyperolius schoutedeni (photos by MRAC, through the courtesy of D. Meirte), SVL 26.4 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195834/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
A; individual information on life colour was not recorded. For molecular genetic studies, some muscle tissue had been taken from the ventral side of the left femur.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0FD965006E31740266E9FDC4DCF90D7E" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E31740266E9FDC4DA7E0B25" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E31740266E9FDC4DC750A6E" bold="true" box="[198,616,562,588]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Distribution and natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
The new species is only known from Salonga National Park in the central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E31740266C2FDAEDF260A50" box="[237,315,600,626]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
basin,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E31740267A1FDAEDFD70A50" box="[398,458,600,626]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">DRC</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E31740267F5FDAEDC030A50" box="[474,542,600,626]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1015,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,1015,1811]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of Central Africa and adjacent areas showing Salonga National Park (white contour line), distribution of H. cinnamomeoventris according to the IUCN Red List (http: // www. iucnredlist. org) following the 2002 2004 IUCN Global Amphibian Assessment (bold black contour line) and localities of our genetic sampling from type localities (reverse filled triangle— H. cinnamomeoventris and H. tristis, white circle— H. veithi sp. nov., filled square— H. ituriensis, filled triangle— H. olivaceus and H. fimbriolatus) and additional localities (small filled dots). In addition, the type locality of H. wittei (cross) is shown. Note that H. veithi syntopically occurs with H. cinnamomeoventris." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195831/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). The habitat is lowland rainforest (ca.
|
||
<quantity id="803B9B6E6E31740265C5FDAEDA290A50" box="[1002,1076,600,626]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
|
||
above sea level) with seasonal rainfall (short dry period in February, long dry period in June August); annual precipitation is ca.
|
||
<quantity id="803B9B6E6E317402630AFD8BDB810AB5" box="[1317,1436,637,663]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8649999999999998" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" unit="mm" value="1865.0">1,865 mm</quantity>
|
||
and monthly mean temperature ca. 25.0 °C (data obtained from WorldClim;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3174026212FD54DB280A9E" author="Hijmans" box="[1085,1333,674,700]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" refString="Hijmans, R. J., Cameron, S. E., Parra, J. L., Jones, P. G. & Jarvis, A. (2005) Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas. International Journal of Climatology, 25, 1965 - 1978." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Hijmans
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3174026283FD54DAF60A99" box="[1196,1259,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Due to limited sampling efforts in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E317402642CFD3EDC4C0AC0" box="[515,593,712,738]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
basin and an expected lack of distribution barriers to
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E31740262E4FD3EDB810AC3" box="[1227,1436,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E31740262E4FD3EDB850AC3" box="[1227,1432,712,737]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">Hyperolius veithi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
we expect this species to show a geographically wider range than currently known.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E31740266EBFCE4DD080BC4" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
|
||
Twenty-seven amplectant pairs and five single males were found at the end of the rainy season (January) at night on vegetation, ca.
|
||
<quantity id="803B9B6E6E31740267FEFCCEDFE20B70" box="[465,511,824,850]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
above water in a flooded but apparently permanent pond deep within primary forest. Frogs were not heard calling and some pairs were observed laying small clutches of whitish eggs on vegetation above water (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E31740267FDFC74DC3D0BBE" box="[466,544,898,924]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,180,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[214,1372,178,1822]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life aspects of: (A) Hyperolius veithi sp. nov. in amplexus (unidentified paratypes; photo J. Kielgast), note that there is a yellow spot on the heel visible in the male frog; (B) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from the type locality (AC 3008; photo A. Channing); (C) H. cinnamomeoventris female from the Kakamega Forest, Kenya (not collected; photo S. Lötters); (D) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from Semliki, Uganda (SL 555; photo A. Channing); (E) H. molleri from São Tomé (photo D. Lin, CAS) and (F) H. thomensis from São Tomé in amplexus (photo D. Lin, CAS)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195832/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
A). It is expected that tadpoles (unknown) develop in water. Syntopic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E31740266B8FC5EDF010BE3" box="[151,284,936,961]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E31740266B8FC5EDF010BE3" box="[151,284,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Hyperolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species included
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E31740267DBFC5EDD2E0BE3" box="[500,819,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E31740267DBFC5EDD140BE3" box="[500,777,936,961]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">H. cinnamomeoventris</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3174026539FC5EDD2E0BE3" box="[790,819,936,961]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platyceps">H.</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
cf.
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E317402654CFC5EDDC80BE3" box="[867,981,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">platyceps</emphasis>
|
||
and another undescribed species, not closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3174026749FC3BDC6D0BC4" box="[358,624,973,998]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3174026749FC3BDC6D0BC4" box="[358,624,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3174026487FC3BDD080BC4" box="[680,789,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3174026487FC3BDD0C0BC4" box="[680,785,973,998]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">H. veithi</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E31740266E9FC04DCF90D7E" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E31740266E9FC04DFDA0C2E" bold="true" box="[198,455,1010,1036]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
Due to the limited knowledge on both the geographic range encompassed by this species and population trends, we consider it Data Deficient when applying IUCN Red List categories and criteria (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E31740266D0FBCBDF850C75" author="IUCN" box="[255,408,1085,1111]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" refString="IUCN Standards and Petitions Working Group. (2008) Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 7.0. (August 2008). Standards and Petitions Working Groups of the IUCN SSC Biodiversity Assesment Sub-Committe. Available from http: // intranet. iucn. org / webfiles / doc / SSC / RedList / RedListGuidelines. pd (accessed 15 June 2009)." type="journal article" year="2008">IUCN 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Due to the apparent lack of physical borders to dispersal and the observation that numerous other amphibian species in the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E31740264A4FB94DCC70C5E" box="[651,730,1122,1148]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
basin show relatively large distributions, we expected that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E31740266B8FB7EDF7B0C83" box="[151,358,1160,1185]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E31740266B8FB7EDF7B0C83" box="[151,358,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Hyperolius veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occupies a larger geographic range than currently known in the central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E31740262E3FB7EDB010C80" box="[1228,1308,1160,1186]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
basin (see above). If so, it may perhaps later well rank under Least Concern. Also, we do not consider chytridiomycosis, an emerging infectious disease causing amphibian decline in other regions of the planet, a potential threat to
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E31740266B8FB0EDF110D33" box="[151,268,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E31740266B8FB0EDF150D33" box="[151,264,1272,1297]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">H. veithi</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3174026784FB0EDFE00D30" box="[427,509,1272,1298]" name="Republic of the Congo" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Congo</collectingCountry>
|
||
basin shows limited suitability for the emergence of this fungal pathogen (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E31740266B1FAEBDF660D15" author="Rodder" box="[158,379,1309,1335]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" refString="Rodder, D., Kielgast, J., Bielby, J., Schmidtlein, S., Bosch, J., Garner, T. W. J., Veith, M., Walker, S., Fisher, M. C. Lotters, S. (2009) Global amphibian extinction risk assessment for the panzootic chytrid fungus. Diversity, 1, 52 - 66." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Rödder
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E31740266D1FAEBDF250D14" box="[254,312,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and elsewhere in tropical Africa,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3174026521FAEBDD920D14" box="[782,911,1309,1334]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3174026521FAEBDD920D14" box="[782,911,1309,1334]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Hyperolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species well survive despite high prevalence and individual parasite load (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E31740267C4FAB4DCCA0D7E" author="Kielgast" box="[491,727,1346,1372]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" refString="Kielgast, J., Rodder, D., Veith, M. & Lotters, S. (2010) Widespread occurrence of the amphibian chytrid fungus in Kenya. Animal Conservation, 13, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Kielgast
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E317402647AFAB5DC8D0D7E" box="[597,656,1347,1372]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="0FD965006E31740166E9FA91DFFB0D30" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E31740266E9FA91DFCF0D85" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E31740266E9FA91DF4E0DA3" bold="true" box="[198,339,1383,1409]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name is a patronym for Michael Veith, acknowledging his support of amphibian research in tropical Africa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E31740366E9FA44DF380965" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,2007]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,152,327]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E31740266E9FA44DCC40DEE" bold="true" box="[198,729,1458,1484]" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Paraphyly of Cinnamon-belly reed frogs.</emphasis>
|
||
As shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E31740265A1FA44DDEA0DEE" box="[910,1015,1458,1484]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,256,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,374,1730]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[214,1372,371,1737]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bayesian phylogram of Hyperolius species including Cinnamon-belly reed frogs inferred from nucleotide sequence data from 16 S mitochondrial rRNA. Bayesian posterior probabilities> 0.95 each are marked by an asterisk on branch. We here apply species names as given in Table 1; in the Cinnamon-belly reed frog clade, numbers in parentheses give sample size of the same haplotype, which corresponds with localities. Note that Hyperolius cinnamomeoventris is paraphyletic. Topotypic material of H. olivaceus (#) and H. cinnamomeoventris (##) are indicated. Hyperolius sp. ‘ Salonga’ is H. veithi sp. nov. Both the Hierarchical Likelihood Ratio Tests and Akaike Information Criterion implemented in MrModeltest selected a GTR + I + G model with a gamma distribution of 0.5912 and a proportion of invariable sites of 0.2291 (estimated base frequencies: A: 0.3294, C: 0.2260, G: 0.1813, T: 0.2633; rate matrix: A-C: 3.0708, A-G: 7.4382, A-T: 5.3616, C-G: 1.5864, C-T: 21.7283, G-T: 1.0000)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195833/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3174026226FA45DB660DEE" box="[1033,1403,1459,1484]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3174026226FA45DB660DEE" box="[1033,1403,1459,1484]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Hyperolius cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is paraphyletic when
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3174026752FA2EDCBA0DD3" box="[381,679,1496,1521]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3174026752FA2EDFE10DD3" box="[381,508,1496,1521]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molleri">H. molleri</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3174026426FA2EDCBA0DD3" box="[521,679,1496,1521]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thomensis">H. thomensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E31740264CCFA2EDD560DD3" box="[739,843,1496,1521]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E31740264CCFA2EDD560DD3" box="[739,843,1496,1521]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are considered distinct species. In addition to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3174026350FA2EDEC10E34" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3174026350FA2EDEC10E34" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see above), we concur with
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3174026467FA0BDDBA0E35" author="Drewes" box="[584,935,1533,1559]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" refString="Drewes, R. & Wilkinson, J. (2004) The California Academy of Sciences Gulf of Guinea expedition I: the taxonomic status of the genus Nesionixalus with comments on the genus Hyperolius. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, 55, 395 - 407." type="journal article" year="2004">Drewes & Wilkinson (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that specific distinctness of the sexually monochromatic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3174026777F9D5DFCC0E1E" box="[344,465,1571,1596]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3174026777F9D5DFCC0E1E" box="[344,465,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">H. molleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3174026423F9D5DCBA0E1E" box="[524,679,1571,1596]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thomensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3174026423F9D5DCBA0E1E" box="[524,679,1571,1596]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">H. thomensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is warranted. Although both these reed frogs may show similar colour and pattern (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E31740267A3F9BEDFCB0E40" box="[396,470,1608,1634]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,180,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[214,1372,178,1822]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life aspects of: (A) Hyperolius veithi sp. nov. in amplexus (unidentified paratypes; photo J. Kielgast), note that there is a yellow spot on the heel visible in the male frog; (B) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from the type locality (AC 3008; photo A. Channing); (C) H. cinnamomeoventris female from the Kakamega Forest, Kenya (not collected; photo S. Lötters); (D) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from Semliki, Uganda (SL 555; photo A. Channing); (E) H. molleri from São Tomé (photo D. Lin, CAS) and (F) H. thomensis from São Tomé in amplexus (photo D. Lin, CAS)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195832/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
E F) to PhF
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3174026458F9BEDD920E43" box="[631,911,1608,1633]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3174026458F9BEDD920E43" box="[631,911,1608,1633]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E317402658EF9BEDDF10E40" box="[929,1004,1608,1634]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,255,1843,1867]" captionTargetBox="[214,1371,180,1818]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[214,1372,178,1822]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Life aspects of: (A) Hyperolius veithi sp. nov. in amplexus (unidentified paratypes; photo J. Kielgast), note that there is a yellow spot on the heel visible in the male frog; (B) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from the type locality (AC 3008; photo A. Channing); (C) H. cinnamomeoventris female from the Kakamega Forest, Kenya (not collected; photo S. Lötters); (D) H. cinnamomeoventris male in PhJ from Semliki, Uganda (SL 555; photo A. Channing); (E) H. molleri from São Tomé (photo D. Lin, CAS) and (F) H. thomensis from São Tomé in amplexus (photo D. Lin, CAS)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195832/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
C) (which is more applicable to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3174026350F9BEDEF10EA4" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3174026350F9BEDEF10EA4" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">H. molleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), they possess a more coarse skin texture, lack (in life) a red marking on the inner femur (present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3174026350F99BDF610E8E" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3174026350F99BDF610E8E" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and have parts of the toe and fingers tips bright orange (not different to dorsal or ventral colours in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E317402673BF94EDC000EF3" box="[276,541,1720,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E317402673BF94EDC000EF3" box="[276,541,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3174026419F94EDD290EF3" box="[566,820,1720,1745]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thomensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3174026419F94EDD290EF3" box="[566,820,1720,1745]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Hyperolius thomensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished further by being larger in body size and having a black, white and orange marbled venter in life (cream in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E31740265EAF92BDAD30ED4" box="[965,1230,1757,1782]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E31740265EAF92BDAD30ED4" box="[965,1230,1757,1782]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), while that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3174026350F92BDEF20F3E" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3174026350F92BDEF20F3E" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">H. molleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is white or red in life and thus can be similar to that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E317402658BF8F5DAA40F3E" box="[932,1209,1795,1820]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E317402658BF8F5DAA40F3E" box="[932,1209,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. When comparing uncorrected p-distances of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E31740267DFF8DEDC6F0F63" box="[496,626,1832,1857]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E31740267DFF8DEDC6F0F63" box="[496,626,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">H. molleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E317402649DF8DEDD4A0F63" box="[690,855,1832,1857]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thomensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E317402649DF8DEDD4A0F63" box="[690,855,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">H. thomensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with other reed frogs discussed in this paper, divergence is ≥ 4.7 % and ≥ 4.9 %, respectively (
|
||
<tableCitation id="0A4103306E31740264C2F8BBDD500F45" box="[749,845,1869,1895]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,242,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 2. Uncorrected p-distances of the 16 S mitochondrial rRNA gene (ca. 530 bp sequences) of populations of" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). An operable threshold for the consideration of putative species (to be confirmed by an integrative approach) in the 16S mitochondrial rRNA gene for anuran amphibians is at about 3 % (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E31740267DDF86EDCFB0F90" author="Fouquet" box="[498,742,1944,1970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="35" refString="Fouquet, A., Gilles, A., Vences, M., Marty, C, Blanc, M. & Gemmell, N. J. (2007) Underestimation of species richness in Neotropical frogs revealed by mtDNA analyses. PLoS ONE 2 (10): e 1109." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Fouquet
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E317402644FF86EDC830F93" box="[608,670,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E31740264DCF86EDDC90F90" author="Vieites" box="[755,980,1944,1970]" pageId="8" pageNumber="36" refString="Vieites, D. R., Wollenberg, K. C., Andreone, F., Kohler, J., Glaw, F. & Vences, M. (2009) Vast underestimation of Madagascar's biodiversity evidenced by an integrative amphibian inventory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U. S. A., 106, 8267 - 8272." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Vieites
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3174026560F86EDD900F93" box="[847,909,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) but can even be lower between well accepted species (e.g.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E317402678AF84BDCDF0FF5" author="Zimkus" box="[421,706,1981,2007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="36" refString="Zimkus, B. M. & Schick, S (2010). Light at the end of the tunnel: insights into the molecular systematics of East African puddle frogs (Anura: Phrynobatrachidae). Systematics and Biodiversity, in press." type="book" year="2010">Zimkus & Schick 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Applying this threshold to reed frogs studied here, specific distinctness of both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E30740367BCFF6EDC0F0893" box="[403,530,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="molleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E30740367BCFF6EDC0F0893" box="[403,530,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="32">H. molleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E307403647FFF6EDCEF0893" box="[592,754,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thomensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E307403647FFF6EDCEF0893" box="[592,754,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="32">H. thomensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
against
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3074036574FF6EDA6E0893" box="[859,1139,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3074036574FF6EDA6E0893" box="[859,1139,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="32">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is supported. Likewise, divergence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3074036712FF4BDFBC08F4" box="[317,417,189,214]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3074036712FF4BDFBC08F4" box="[317,417,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="32">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E30740367F6FF4BDCFF08F4" box="[473,738,189,214]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E30740367F6FF4BDCFF08F4" box="[473,738,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="32">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is ≥ 4.4 % (or ≥ 2.2 % in the shorter
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E30740362BDFF4BDAEB08F4" box="[1170,1270,189,214]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E30740362BDFF4BDAEB08F4" box="[1170,1270,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="32">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sequence, but see comment to
|
||
<tableCitation id="0A4103306E307403674DFF14DFDD08DE" box="[354,448,226,252]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,242,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 2. Uncorrected p-distances of the 16 S mitochondrial rRNA gene (ca. 530 bp sequences) of populations of" pageId="9" pageNumber="32">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). In addition, specific distinctness is still supported by morphology (colour and pattern in life and monochromatism versus dichromatism) and by having white versus half-pigmented eggs (see above).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="13BC66036E30740366B8F92FDDCF0FD3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195833/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="32" targetBox="[214,1372,374,1730]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E30740366B8F92FDDCF0FD3" blockId="9.[151,1437,1753,2033]" pageId="9" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E30740366B8F92FDF010ED3" bold="true" box="[151,284,1753,1777]" pageId="9" pageNumber="32">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Bayesian phylogram of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3074036408F92CDC830ED3" box="[551,670,1754,1777]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3074036408F92CDC830ED3" box="[551,670,1754,1777]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="32">Hyperolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species including Cinnamon-belly reed frogs inferred from nucleotide sequence data from 16S mitochondrial rRNA. Bayesian posterior probabilities> 0.95 each are marked by an asterisk on branch. We here apply species names as given in Table 1; in the Cinnamon-belly reed frog clade, numbers in parentheses give sample size of the same haplotype, which corresponds with localities. Note that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E307403621DF8CCDB9F0F73" box="[1074,1410,1850,1873]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E307403621DF8CCDB9F0F73" box="[1074,1410,1850,1873]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="32">Hyperolius cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is paraphyletic. Topotypic material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3074036402F8ACDCA60F53" box="[557,699,1882,1905]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3074036402F8ACDCA60F53" box="[557,699,1882,1905]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="32">H. olivaceus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(#) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3074036533F8ACDA070F53" box="[796,1050,1882,1905]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3074036533F8ACDA070F53" box="[796,1050,1882,1905]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="32">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(##) are indicated.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E30740362D6F8ACDB690F53" box="[1273,1396,1882,1905]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E30740362D6F8ACDB690F53" box="[1273,1396,1882,1905]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="32">Hyperolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. ‘Salonga’ is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3074036703F88CDF8C0FB3" box="[300,401,1914,1937]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="32" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3074036703F88CDF8C0FB3" box="[300,401,1914,1937]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="32">H. veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6E8457E26E30740367B6F88FDFEA0FB3" box="[409,503,1913,1937]" pageId="9" pageNumber="32" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E30740367B6F88FDFEA0FB3" bold="true" box="[409,503,1913,1937]" pageId="9" pageNumber="32">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Both the Hierarchical Likelihood Ratio Tests and Akaike Information Criterion implemented in MrModeltest selected a GTR+I+G model with a gamma distribution of 0.5912 and a proportion of invariable sites of 0.2291 (estimated base frequencies: A: 0.3294, C: 0.2260, G: 0.1813, T: 0.2633; rate matrix: A-C: 3.0708, A-G: 7.4382, A-T: 5.3616, C-G: 1.5864, C-T: 21.7283, G-T: 1.0000).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="13BC66036E33740066B8F951DF2B0EDD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195834/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="33" targetBox="[154,1433,183,1678]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E33740066B8F951DF2B0EDD" blockId="10.[151,1436,1703,1791]" pageId="10" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E33740066B8F951DF070E9D" bold="true" box="[151,282,1703,1727]" pageId="10" pageNumber="33">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal and ventral views of preserved (A) male holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E337400659FF95EDA770E9D" box="[944,1130,1704,1727]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="veithi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E337400659FF95EDA770E9D" box="[944,1130,1704,1727]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="33">Hyperolius veithi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6E8457E26E337400625EF951DAD50E9D" box="[1137,1224,1703,1727]" pageId="10" pageNumber="33" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E337400625EF951DAD50E9D" bold="true" box="[1137,1224,1703,1727]" pageId="10" pageNumber="33">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(photos by F. Feß), SVL 26.3 mm, (B) female holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E337400646FF93EDD220EFD" box="[576,831,1736,1759]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="schoutedeni">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E337400646FF93EDD220EFD" box="[576,831,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="33">Hyperolius schoutedeni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(photos by MRAC, through the courtesy of D. Meirte), SVL 26.4 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E33740166EBF8DEDA050995" blockId="10.[151,1437,1832,2007]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,152,1298]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="10" pageNumber="33">
|
||
As clades currently assigned to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3374006411F8DEDD570F63" box="[574,842,1832,1857]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3374006411F8DEDD570F63" box="[574,842,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="33">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are generally well supported, in a purely cladistic view, different names should be applied. Considering the available names in the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3374006351F8B8DC0B0FAE" authority="Frost 2009" authorityName="Frost" authorityYear="2009" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3374006351F8B8DF600FAE" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="33">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E33740067A4F884DC120FAE" author="Frost" box="[395,527,1906,1932]" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" refString="Frost, D. R. (2009) Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.3 (12 February, 2009). American Museum of Natural History. New York, USA. Available at: http: // research. amnh. org / herpetology / amphibia / index. html (accessed 6 December 2009)." type="journal article" year="2009">Frost 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E3374006462F884DC860FAE" box="[589,667,1906,1932]" name="Gabon" pageId="10" pageNumber="33">Gabon</collectingCountry>
|
||
clade in
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E337400652CF884DD790FAE" box="[771,868,1906,1932]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,256,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,374,1730]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[214,1372,371,1737]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bayesian phylogram of Hyperolius species including Cinnamon-belly reed frogs inferred from nucleotide sequence data from 16 S mitochondrial rRNA. Bayesian posterior probabilities> 0.95 each are marked by an asterisk on branch. We here apply species names as given in Table 1; in the Cinnamon-belly reed frog clade, numbers in parentheses give sample size of the same haplotype, which corresponds with localities. Note that Hyperolius cinnamomeoventris is paraphyletic. Topotypic material of H. olivaceus (#) and H. cinnamomeoventris (##) are indicated. Hyperolius sp. ‘ Salonga’ is H. veithi sp. nov. Both the Hierarchical Likelihood Ratio Tests and Akaike Information Criterion implemented in MrModeltest selected a GTR + I + G model with a gamma distribution of 0.5912 and a proportion of invariable sites of 0.2291 (estimated base frequencies: A: 0.3294, C: 0.2260, G: 0.1813, T: 0.2633; rate matrix: A-C: 3.0708, A-G: 7.4382, A-T: 5.3616, C-G: 1.5864, C-T: 21.7283, G-T: 1.0000)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195833/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="33">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
could be referred to as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E337400625AF885DF310F90" authority="Buchholz & Peters, 1876" authorityName="Buchholz & Peters" authorityYear="1876" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="olivaceus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E337400625AF885DB1A0FAE" box="[1141,1287,1907,1932]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="33">H. olivaceus</emphasis>
|
||
Buchholz & Peters, 1876
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E337400675EF86EDC350F93" box="[369,552,1944,1969]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="10" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fimbriolatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E337400675EF86EDC350F93" box="[369,552,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="33">H. fimbriolatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
treated as a synonym (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3374006510F86EDA3E0F90" author="Lotters" box="[831,1059,1944,1970]" pageId="10" pageNumber="35" refString="Lotters, S., Gossman, V., Obame, F. & Bohme, W. (2001) Zur Herpetofauna Gabuns. Teil I: Einleitung, Untersuchungsgebiet und Methodik, kommentierte Artenliste der gefundenen Froschlurche. Herpetofauna, 133, 19 - 34." type="journal article" year="2001">
|
||
Lötters
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E33740065B1F86EDDC60F93" box="[926,987,1944,1969]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="33">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2001
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), since this genetic sample was obtained at Lambaréné which is the
|
||
<typeStatus id="987888296E3374006467F84BDC660FF5" box="[584,635,1981,2007]" pageId="10" pageNumber="33">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of both these names (Table 1). Likewise, the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="3FD4761B6E33740062D1F84BDB480FF5" box="[1278,1365,1981,2007]" name="Angola" pageId="10" pageNumber="33">Angola</collectingCountry>
|
||
clade (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E327401668FFF6EDEF70890" box="[160,234,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,256,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,374,1730]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[214,1372,371,1737]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bayesian phylogram of Hyperolius species including Cinnamon-belly reed frogs inferred from nucleotide sequence data from 16 S mitochondrial rRNA. Bayesian posterior probabilities> 0.95 each are marked by an asterisk on branch. We here apply species names as given in Table 1; in the Cinnamon-belly reed frog clade, numbers in parentheses give sample size of the same haplotype, which corresponds with localities. Note that Hyperolius cinnamomeoventris is paraphyletic. Topotypic material of H. olivaceus (#) and H. cinnamomeoventris (##) are indicated. Hyperolius sp. ‘ Salonga’ is H. veithi sp. nov. Both the Hierarchical Likelihood Ratio Tests and Akaike Information Criterion implemented in MrModeltest selected a GTR + I + G model with a gamma distribution of 0.5912 and a proportion of invariable sites of 0.2291 (estimated base frequencies: A: 0.3294, C: 0.2260, G: 0.1813, T: 0.2633; rate matrix: A-C: 3.0708, A-G: 7.4382, A-T: 5.3616, C-G: 1.5864, C-T: 21.7283, G-T: 1.0000)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195833/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
) is based on samples from Kalandula which is the
|
||
<typeStatus id="987888296E327401654AFF6EDD870890" box="[869,922,152,178]" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3274016204FF6EDB5C0893" box="[1067,1345,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3274016204FF6EDB5C0893" box="[1067,1345,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and its synonym
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3274016732FF4BDC7F08F5" authority="Bocage, 1866" authorityName="Bocage" authorityYear="1866" box="[285,610,189,215]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tristis">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3274016732FF4BDF8708F4" box="[285,410,189,214]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">H. tristis</emphasis>
|
||
Bocage, 1866
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Table 1). Therefore, this clade could be recognized as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3274016352FF4BDF6008D9" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3274016352FF4BDF6008D9" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6E8457E26E32740167ABFF14DC0408DE" box="[388,537,226,252]" pageId="11" pageNumber="34" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
. All samples from the eastern range of Cinnamon-belly reed frogs constitute a monophyletic group, here called Eastern Clade (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E32740164C3FEFEDD230900" box="[748,830,264,290]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1015,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,1015,1811]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of Central Africa and adjacent areas showing Salonga National Park (white contour line), distribution of H. cinnamomeoventris according to the IUCN Red List (http: // www. iucnredlist. org) following the 2002 2004 IUCN Global Amphibian Assessment (bold black contour line) and localities of our genetic sampling from type localities (reverse filled triangle— H. cinnamomeoventris and H. tristis, white circle— H. veithi sp. nov., filled square— H. ituriensis, filled triangle— H. olivaceus and H. fimbriolatus) and additional localities (small filled dots). In addition, the type locality of H. wittei (cross) is shown. Note that H. veithi syntopically occurs with H. cinnamomeoventris." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195831/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E3274016561FEFEDD420900" box="[846,863,264,290]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="9.[151,256,1753,1777]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,374,1730]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[214,1372,371,1737]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 3. Bayesian phylogram of Hyperolius species including Cinnamon-belly reed frogs inferred from nucleotide sequence data from 16 S mitochondrial rRNA. Bayesian posterior probabilities> 0.95 each are marked by an asterisk on branch. We here apply species names as given in Table 1; in the Cinnamon-belly reed frog clade, numbers in parentheses give sample size of the same haplotype, which corresponds with localities. Note that Hyperolius cinnamomeoventris is paraphyletic. Topotypic material of H. olivaceus (#) and H. cinnamomeoventris (##) are indicated. Hyperolius sp. ‘ Salonga’ is H. veithi sp. nov. Both the Hierarchical Likelihood Ratio Tests and Akaike Information Criterion implemented in MrModeltest selected a GTR + I + G model with a gamma distribution of 0.5912 and a proportion of invariable sites of 0.2291 (estimated base frequencies: A: 0.3294, C: 0.2260, G: 0.1813, T: 0.2633; rate matrix: A-C: 3.0708, A-G: 7.4382, A-T: 5.3616, C-G: 1.5864, C-T: 21.7283, G-T: 1.0000)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195833/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Of the available names in the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3274016350FEFEDF620964" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3274016350FEFEDF620964" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">H. cinnamomeoventris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, two originate from the eastern portion of the Cinnamon-belly reed frog distribution,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3274016350FEDBDFD1094E" authority="Laurent, 1943" authorityName="Laurent" authorityYear="1943" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ituriensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3274016350FEDBDF0D0949" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">H. ituriensis</emphasis>
|
||
Laurent, 1943
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3274016423FEA4DDFA094E" authority="Laurent, 1947 (Frost 2009)" authorityName="Laurent, 1947 (Frost" authorityYear="2009" box="[524,999,338,364]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wittei">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3274016423FEA4DC610949" box="[524,636,338,363]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">H. wittei</emphasis>
|
||
Laurent, 1947 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3274016563FEA4DDC3094E" author="Frost" box="[844,990,338,364]" pageId="11" pageNumber="35" refString="Frost, D. R. (2009) Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.3 (12 February, 2009). American Museum of Natural History. New York, USA. Available at: http: // research. amnh. org / herpetology / amphibia / index. html (accessed 6 December 2009)." type="journal article" year="2009">Frost 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Consequently, one of them could potentially be applicable to the Eastern Clade, apart from the fact that the
|
||
<typeStatus id="987888296E32740165D5FE8EDA3109B0" box="[1018,1068,376,402]" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E327401629CFE8EDB0509B3" box="[1203,1304,376,401]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="wittei">
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E327401629CFE8EDB0509B3" box="[1203,1304,376,401]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">H. wittei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lays out of the suggested geographic range of Cinnamon-belly reed frogs, at all (
|
||
<figureCitation id="DFF82A0E6E32740165EDFE6BDA1A0995" box="[962,1031,413,439]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1015,1811]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,1015,1811]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map of Central Africa and adjacent areas showing Salonga National Park (white contour line), distribution of H. cinnamomeoventris according to the IUCN Red List (http: // www. iucnredlist. org) following the 2002 2004 IUCN Global Amphibian Assessment (bold black contour line) and localities of our genetic sampling from type localities (reverse filled triangle— H. cinnamomeoventris and H. tristis, white circle— H. veithi sp. nov., filled square— H. ituriensis, filled triangle— H. olivaceus and H. fimbriolatus) and additional localities (small filled dots). In addition, the type locality of H. wittei (cross) is shown. Note that H. veithi syntopically occurs with H. cinnamomeoventris." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/195831/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E32740166EBFE34DF360AC0" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1298]" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">
|
||
In spite of this a priori conclusive scenario, we momentarily refrain from taxonomic action for two reasons. First, delimitating and phenotypic diagnosing putative species remains a problem. Not only is the material available limited for comparisons (see Appendix) and call and other natural history data are sparse or lacking (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E327401672BFDC4DFEF0A6E" author="Lotters" box="[260,498,562,588]" pageId="11" pageNumber="35" refString="Lotters, S., Schick, S., Scheelke, K., Teege, P., Kosuch, J., Rotich, D. & Veith, M. (2004) Bio-sketches and partitioning of sympatric reed frogs, genus Hyperolius (Amphibia; Hyperoliidae), in two humid tropical African forest regions. Journal of Natural History, 38, 1969 - 1997." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Lötters
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3274016747FDC4DFB50A69" box="[360,424,562,587]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) so that an integrative approach combining data from different fields to is hampered. It is also true that molecular data demonstrate considerable variation within putative species and likewise overlap between clades (
|
||
<tableCitation id="0A4103306E3274016468FD8BDCB10AB5" box="[583,684,637,663]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,242,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 2. Uncorrected p-distances of the 16 S mitochondrial rRNA gene (ca. 530 bp sequences) of populations of" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). Second, with regard to tree-based taxonomy, it has to be considered that only a fragment of one mitochondrial gene and relatively few samples have been involved in our analysis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="477C368B6E32740166EBFD1BDFFB0D30" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1298]" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">
|
||
Although, the 16S mitochondrial rRNA gene is useful for DNA barcoding and tree-based species recognition in anuran amphibians (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3274016415FCE4DD000B0E" author="Vences" box="[570,797,786,812]" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" refString="Vences, M., Thomas, M., van der Meijden, A., Chiari, A. & Vieites, D. R. (2005) Comparative performance of the 16 S rRNA gene in DNA barcoding of amphibians. Frontiers in Zoology, 2, 5." type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Vences
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E32740164B6FCE4DCCB0B09" box="[665,726,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3274016505FCE4DA050B0E" author="Fouquet" box="[810,1048,786,812]" pageId="11" pageNumber="35" refString="Fouquet, A., Gilles, A., Vences, M., Marty, C, Blanc, M. & Gemmell, N. J. (2007) Underestimation of species richness in Neotropical frogs revealed by mtDNA analyses. PLoS ONE 2 (10): e 1109." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Fouquet
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E32740165BBFCE4DDCC0B09" box="[916,977,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E327401620BFCE4DB180B0E" author="Vieites" box="[1060,1285,786,812]" pageId="11" pageNumber="36" refString="Vieites, D. R., Wollenberg, K. C., Andreone, F., Kohler, J., Glaw, F. & Vences, M. (2009) Vast underestimation of Madagascar's biodiversity evidenced by an integrative amphibian inventory. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the U. S. A., 106, 8267 - 8272." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Vieites
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E32740162AFFCE4DAA00B09" box="[1152,1213,786,811]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), it has been shown that when analysing mitochondrial DNA sequences, paraphyly does not always uncover distinct taxa. There are various explanations for paraphyly or polyphyly within species when constructing mitochondrial gene trees, in particular introgression, hybrid speciation and (although less of a concern for mitochondrial than for nuclear loci) incomplete lineage sorting (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E32740164D9FC5EDA170BE0" author="Funk" box="[758,1034,936,962]" pageId="11" pageNumber="35" refString="Funk, D. J. & Omland, K. E. (2003) Species-level paraphyly and polyphyly: frequency, causes, and consequences, with insights from animal mitochondrial DNA. Annual Reviews in Evolution and Systematics, 34, 397 - 423." type="journal article" year="2003">Funk & Omland 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In these cases some alleles in a species may appear more close to those of another (related) species than to conspecifics. As a result, intraspecific variation is larger than variation at the species level and may lead to a mistaken consideration of variants for species when following the monophyly criterion (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E3274016541FBEEDA6A0C10" author="Funk" box="[878,1143,1048,1074]" pageId="11" pageNumber="35" refString="Funk, D. J. & Omland, K. E. (2003) Species-level paraphyly and polyphyly: frequency, causes, and consequences, with insights from animal mitochondrial DNA. Annual Reviews in Evolution and Systematics, 34, 397 - 423." type="journal article" year="2003">Funk & Omland 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Intensive sampling and analyzing phylogeographic data including related species are helpful for an appropriate interpretation of paraphyly. There is on-going debate regarding the reliability of mitochondrial gene trees for species delimitation. For example,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="23524B7A6E32740167CBFB7EDCE50C80" author="McKay" box="[484,760,1160,1186]" pageId="11" pageNumber="35" refString="McKay, B. D. & Zink, R. N. (2010) The causes of mitochondrial DNA gene tree paraphyly in birds. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 54, 647 - 650." type="journal article" year="2010">McKay & Zink (2010)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recently found that paraphyly in birds most commonly results from incorrect taxonomy and concluded that mitochondrial gene trees are rarely misleading. With regard to
|
||
<emphasis id="75B7EA996E3274016728FB25DC0A0CCE" box="[263,535,1235,1260]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="80C34D086E3274016728FB25DC0E0CCE" box="[263,531,1235,1260]" class="Amphibia" family="Hyperoliidae" genus="Hyperolius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="11" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cinnamomeoventris">H. cinnamomeoventris</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
we conclude that additional sampling and studies are necessary for allowing warranted taxonomic action.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |