278 lines
32 KiB
XML
278 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="E1FC27633CD388FEC896CF4708F8C039" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3693.2.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="621103dc-2567-47ff-a2ab-10ee0750dd71" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="216912" ID-ZooBank="AF9F655D-14E4-443A-8179-9B581DE1F2D8" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460654746794" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hamdan, Breno, Jr, Nelson Jorge Da Silva, Silva, Helder Lucio Rodrigues, Cintra, Carlos Eduardo D. & Lema, Thales De" docDate="2013" docId="B53FF835FFE2C346FF78B8DDFD41FE33" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03693p188.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3693 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Phalotris labiomaculatus Lema 2002" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="185" masterDocId="4906804DFFE0C345FFEFB84AFFF1FFB4" masterDocTitle="Redescription of Phalotris labiomaculatus (Serpentes, Dipsadidae, Elapomorphini), with notes on the taxonomic boundaries within the nasutus group" masterLastPageNumber="188" masterPageNumber="182" pageNumber="184" updateTime="1698344486588" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5E09A5E30532E7D3CDD0E0022748A01F">
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<mods:title id="2BE49EE12FA66227026726A16F5968AC">Redescription of Phalotris labiomaculatus (Serpentes, Dipsadidae, Elapomorphini), with notes on the taxonomic boundaries within the nasutus group</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="3412AF8FC17A7206F97A6EC037F8DCA0">Hamdan, Breno</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6D2A4A4317AD4C1791D5AE7A078FB3DC">Jr, Nelson Jorge Da Silva</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A734F4168A885D59E9A6F28325D6B587">Silva, Helder Lucio Rodrigues</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EF1105BC675A75EF5776EA642DB66623">Cintra, Carlos Eduardo D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FED65DD4896020C7462D2DF20ACAF750">Lema, Thales De</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E326A442AFB3743695FF23BE83F2408E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="66FDCA2E14D6ECB3E5A80FA9C3DE9A37">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="558A9E79102FDB9D02730889D2D74101">3693</mods:number>
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<treatment id="B53FF835FFE2C346FF78B8DDFD41FE33" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6155030" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119573618" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6155030" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B53FF835FFE2C346FF78B8DDFD41FE33" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B53FF835FFE2C346FF78B8DDFD41FE33" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="185" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">
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<subSubSection id="758C1AA8FFE2C347FF78B8DDFC49FF42" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="3D294923FFE2C347FF78B8DDFDAFFF05" blockId="2.[151,606,151,177]" box="[151,606,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">
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<heading id="6661FE4FFFE2C347FF78B8DDFDAFFF05" bold="true" box="[151,606,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FF78B8DDFDAFFF05" authority="Lema, 2002" authorityName="Lema" authorityYear="2002" box="[151,606,151,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labiomaculatus">
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<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FF78B8DDFDAFFF05" bold="true" box="[151,606,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">
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<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FF78B8DDFE36FF05" bold="true" box="[151,455,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">Phalotris labiomaculatus</emphasis>
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Lema, 2002
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3D294923FFE2C347FF78B894FC49FF42" blockId="2.[151,1437,222,2024]" box="[151,952,222,247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">
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<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FF78B894FEC9FF43" bold="true" box="[151,312,222,247]" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">Type-locality.</emphasis>
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Municipality of Porto Franco, state of Maranhão,
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<collectingCountry id="458109B3FFE2C347FC83B894FC45FF42" box="[876,948,222,246]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="758C1AA8FFE2C346FF28B949FD76FEA8" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="185" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" type="description">
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<paragraph id="3D294923FFE2C347FF28B949FEFEFC31" blockId="2.[151,1437,222,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">
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<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FF28B949FE47FEAF" bold="true" box="[199,438,258,283]" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">Emended diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FE51B949FD2AFEAF" box="[446,731,259,283]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labiomaculatus">
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<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FE51B949FD2AFEAF" box="[446,731,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">Phalotris labiomaculatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is distinguished from all congeners by the combination of the following characters: 15/15/15 smooth dorsal scale rows without apical pits and undifferentiated vertebral row; loreal absent; preocular single and long; two postoculars; temporal formula 1+1 (0+
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<quantity id="FA6EE4C6FFE2C347FB7FB900FB4CFED6" box="[1168,1213,330,354]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
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one specimen not preserved in scientific collection); six supralabials; second and third contacting orbit; eight infralabials; first four contacting anterior chin-shields; 220–234 (
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<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FD6EB9D3FD7EFE00" box="[641,655,409,436]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">x</emphasis>
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=225,7; s=3,9; n=14) ventrals in females, 198–211 (
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<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FB0AB9D3FB02FE00" box="[1253,1267,409,436]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">x</emphasis>
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=204,6; s=3,5; n=15) in males; 25–31 subcaudals in females (
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<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FD2DB98AFD21FE6F" box="[706,720,448,475]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">x</emphasis>
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=27,5; s=1,6; n=14), 34–42 (
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<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FBC3B98AFBCBFE6F" box="[1068,1082,448,475]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">x</emphasis>
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=38,2; s=1,8; n=15) in males; cloacal plate always divided; subcaudals in paired rows (divided) throughout the tail; a very thick head and trunk as the other species of the group; tail slendering gradually towards extremity with a sharp tip; total length of smallest and largest specimen 274.05 mm and
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<quantity id="FA6EE4C6FFE2C347FDBEBA63FD43FDF5" box="[593,690,553,577]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.54" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="754.0">754 mm</quantity>
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(both female); snout-vent length; caudal length and head length range from
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<quantity id="FA6EE4C6FFE2C347FEF6BA07FE5EFDD1" box="[281,431,589,613]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.475" metricValueMax="6.4" metricValueMin="2.55" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="447.5" valueMax="640.0" valueMin="255.0">255–640 mm</quantity>
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, 19.05–46.53 mm 9.12–12.64 mm in females (n=14) and from
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<quantity id="FA6EE4C6FFE2C347FB80BA07FAF4FDD1" box="[1135,1285,589,613]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.1" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="450.0" valueMax="610.0" valueMin="290.0">290–610 mm</quantity>
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, 31.96–74.66 mm and 10.16–
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<quantity id="FA6EE4C6FFE2C347FEA3BA3BFE6AFD3D" box="[332,411,625,649]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
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in males (n=15), respectively; orbit diameter ranges from 0.79 to 1.88 mm being smaller than its distance to oral border; head black above; suture region between nasal plate, preocular plate and the first and second supralabials somewhat pale (
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<figureCitation id="A5AD55A6FFE2C347FDB4BAF3FD46FD65" box="[603,695,697,721]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1897,1920]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,473,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[170,1417,473,1864]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. General view of Phalotris labiomaculatus. A. Adult; B. Adult with reddish nuchal ring; C. Juvenile; D. Young; E. Right lateral view of head; F. Ventral view of head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216913/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">Figure 1</figureCitation>
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F), supralabial plates white and black blotched as well as the outer margins of infralabials, synfisial and mentals (more evident in young); white nuchal ring (n=28) sometimes reddish (n=1;
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<figureCitation id="A5AD55A6FFE2C347FF31BB4BFECCFCAD" box="[222,317,769,793]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1897,1920]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,473,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[170,1417,473,1864]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. General view of Phalotris labiomaculatus. A. Adult; B. Adult with reddish nuchal ring; C. Juvenile; D. Young; E. Right lateral view of head; F. Ventral view of head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216913/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">Figure 1</figureCitation>
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B) extending over 3–4 scale lengths, followed by a narrower black cervical ring with 1–2 scale lengths (rarely 3, n=1); background color bright red, with a linear series of black dots on each side, becoming a stripe on the tail, more evident in young and almost indistinct in the largest specimens; immaculate white venter (
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<figureCitation id="A5AD55A6FFE2C347FF71BB27FF0CFC31" box="[158,253,877,901]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1897,1920]" captionTargetBox="[170,1416,473,1863]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[170,1417,473,1864]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. General view of Phalotris labiomaculatus. A. Adult; B. Adult with reddish nuchal ring; C. Juvenile; D. Young; E. Right lateral view of head; F. Ventral view of head." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216913/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">Figure 1</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3D294923FFE2C347FF28BBDBFB8CF985" blockId="2.[151,1437,222,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">
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<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FF28BBDBFB47FC1E" bold="true" box="[199,1206,913,938]" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">
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Comparisons between
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<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FE35BBD8FD58FC1E" box="[474,681,913,938]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labiomaculatus">
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<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FE35BBD8FD58FC1E" bold="true" box="[474,681,913,938]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">P. labiomaculatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and the other species of the
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<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FBE4BBD8FB94FC1D" box="[1035,1125,914,937]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasutus">
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<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FBE4BBD8FB94FC1D" bold="true" box="[1035,1125,914,937]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">nasutus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group
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</emphasis>
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: The
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<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FB13BBD9FAA0FC1E" box="[1276,1361,915,938]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasutus">
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<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FB13BBD9FAA0FC1E" box="[1276,1361,915,938]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">nasutus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group contains the following species:
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<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FE13BBFCFC65FC79" authority="Ferrarezzi, 1993" authorityName="Ferrarezzi" authorityYear="1993" box="[508,916,949,974]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="concolor">
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<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FE13BBFCFD21FC7A" box="[508,720,950,974]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">Phalotris concolor</emphasis>
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Ferrarezzi, 1993
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FC4FBBFDFB0AFC79" authority="Lema, 2002" authorityName="Lema" authorityYear="2002" box="[928,1275,949,974]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labiomaculatus">
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<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FC4FBBFDFB9BFC7A" box="[928,1130,950,974]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">P. labiomaculatus</emphasis>
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Lema, 2002
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FAE8BBFDFEA0FC45" authority="Ferrarezzi, 1993" authorityName="Ferrarezzi" authorityYear="1993" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lativittatus">
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||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FAE8BBFDFA6DFC7A" box="[1287,1436,950,974]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">P. lativittatus</emphasis>
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||
Ferrarezzi, 1993
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FEB4BB91FD9BFC45" authority="Gomes, 1915" authorityName="Gomes" authorityYear="1915" box="[347,618,985,1010]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasutus">
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<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FEB4BB91FE3DFC46" box="[347,460,987,1010]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">P. nasutus</emphasis>
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Gomes, 1915
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</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FD4BBB91FC2EFC45" authority="Ferrrezzi, 1993" authorityName="Ferrrezzi" authorityYear="1993" box="[676,991,985,1010]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrilatus">
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<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FD4BBB91FCDAFC46" box="[676,811,986,1010]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">P. nigrilatus</emphasis>
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Ferrrezzi, 1993
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</taxonomicName>
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||
. Among all its congeners of the
|
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<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FAA9BB91FA6AFC46" box="[1350,1435,987,1010]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasutus">
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<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FAA9BB91FA6AFC46" box="[1350,1435,987,1010]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">nasutus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
group,
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||
<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FF05BBB4FDF8FBA2" box="[234,521,1022,1046]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labiomaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FF05BBB4FDF8FBA2" box="[234,521,1022,1046]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">Phalotris labiomaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be promptly distinguished from all species by the presence of supralabial plates white and black blotched as well as the outer margins of infralabials, synfisial and mentals. Additionally the species differs anatomically from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FDF2BC0DFD59FBEA" box="[541,680,1094,1118]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrilatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FDF2BC0DFD59FBEA" box="[541,680,1094,1118]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">P. nigrilatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having a dorsal red coloration, an homogeneously white belly, nuchal collar present, lateral dark bands absent and head not homogeneously blackish whereas a dorsal coloration blackish, belly with lateral black spots, nuchal collar absent, lateral dark bands present and blackish head can be found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FF10BCF9FE78FB7E" box="[255,393,1202,1226]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigrilatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FF10BCF9FE78FB7E" box="[255,393,1202,1226]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">P. nigrilatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Ferrarezzi 1993; Cacciali
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FD2EBCF9FD02FB7E" box="[705,755,1202,1226]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2007); from
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FC7CBCF9FBF0FB7E" box="[915,1025,1203,1226]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">P. n a s u t u s</emphasis>
|
||
in having higher number of ventral scales
|
||
<quantity id="FA6EE4C6FFE2C347FF0EBC9FFEAEFB59" box="[225,351,1237,1261]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7658" metricValueMax="5.9436" metricValueMin="5.587999999999999" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" unit="in" value="227.0" valueMax="234.0" valueMin="220.0">220–234 in</quantity>
|
||
females and
|
||
<quantity id="FA6EE4C6FFE2C347FE1DBC9FFD81FB59" box="[498,624,1237,1261]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1943" metricValueMax="5.3594" metricValueMin="5.0292" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" unit="in" value="204.5" valueMax="211.0" valueMin="198.0">198–211 in</quantity>
|
||
males whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FCCFBC9DFC60FB5A" box="[800,913,1239,1262]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nasutus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FCCFBC9DFC60FB5A" box="[800,913,1239,1262]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">P. nasutus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has
|
||
<quantity id="FA6EE4C6FFE2C347FC2BBC9FFBB3FB59" box="[964,1090,1237,1261]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9149" metricValueMax="5.0292" metricValueMin="4.8006" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" unit="in" value="193.5" valueMax="198.0" valueMin="189.0">189–198 in</quantity>
|
||
females and
|
||
<quantity id="FA6EE4C6FFE2C347FB39BC9FFAA5FB59" box="[1238,1364,1237,1261]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4958" metricValueMax="4.5466" metricValueMin="4.445" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" unit="in" value="177.0" valueMax="179.0" valueMin="175.0">175–179 in</quantity>
|
||
males (Lema 1999; Lema
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FE9BBCB1FE5CFAA6" box="[372,429,1274,1298]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005; Cacciali
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FDB2BCB1FD64FAA6" box="[605,661,1274,1298]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007; Ferrarezzi 1993); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FC06BCB1FB8CFAA6" box="[1001,1149,1274,1298]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lativittatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FC06BCB1FB8CFAA6" box="[1001,1149,1274,1298]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">P. lativittatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of dorsal pattern color red homogeneous and an homogeneously white belly whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FBEBBD55FB6BFA82" box="[1028,1178,1310,1334]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lativittatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FBEBBD55FB6BFA82" box="[1028,1178,1310,1334]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">P. lativittatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
holds a dorsal pattern color brownish or reddish brown with a wide lateral dark stripe and belly yellowish irregularly in median line (Cacciali
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FEEABD2DFEC8FACA" box="[261,313,1382,1406]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2007; Vasconcelos & Santos 2009; Ferrarezzi 1993). The number of ventral scales can also help distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FEF5BDC1FE15FA16" box="[282,484,1418,1442]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labiomaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FEF5BDC1FE15FA16" box="[282,484,1418,1442]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">P. labiomaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(220–
|
||
<specimenCount id="2B9082AAFFE2C347FDC2BDC3FDA6FA15" box="[557,599,1417,1441]" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" type="female">234</specimenCount>
|
||
females, 198–
|
||
<specimenCount id="2B9082AAFFE2C347FD11BDC3FCD6FA15" box="[766,807,1417,1441]" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" type="male">211</specimenCount>
|
||
males) from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FC2DBDC1FBA6FA16" box="[962,1111,1418,1442]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lativittatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FC2DBDC1FBA6FA16" box="[962,1111,1418,1442]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">P. lativittatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(196–
|
||
<specimenCount id="2B9082AAFFE2C347FB70BDC3FB3BFA15" box="[1183,1226,1417,1441]" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" type="female">208</specimenCount>
|
||
females; 182–
|
||
<specimenCount id="2B9082AAFFE2C347FA9CBDC3FA6DFA15" box="[1395,1436,1417,1441]" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" type="male">199</specimenCount>
|
||
males) since they overlap only by about three scales in males. Besides,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FC21BDE5FB95FA72" box="[974,1124,1454,1478]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lativittatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FC21BDE5FB95FA72" box="[974,1124,1454,1478]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">P. lativittatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can often show a vertebral stripe (Cacciali
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FEA0BD99FE75FA5E" box="[335,388,1490,1514]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2007; Ferrarezzi 1993) whilst no specimen analyzed of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FBCEBD99FB1DFA5E" box="[1057,1260,1490,1514]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labiomaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FBCEBD99FB1DFA5E" box="[1057,1260,1490,1514]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">P. labiomaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
had the stripe. Finally
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FF1DBDBDFE4EF9BA" box="[242,447,1526,1550]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labiomaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FF1DBDBDFE4EF9BA" box="[242,447,1526,1550]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">P. labiomaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FCEABDBDFC7BF9BA" box="[773,906,1526,1550]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="concolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FCEABDBDFC7BF9BA" box="[773,906,1526,1550]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">P. concolor</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having supralabial plates white and black blotched while the latter holds labial plates cream (Ferrarezzi 1993; Cacciali
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FC1ABE51FBDCF986" box="[1013,1069,1562,1586]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3D294923FFE2C347FF28BE77FD66F95C" blockId="2.[151,1437,222,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FF28BE77FE44F9E2" bold="true" box="[199,437,1597,1622]" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">Sexual dimorphism</emphasis>
|
||
: There are no differences in color pattern between males and female, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FADBBE77FEB5F9CE" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labiomaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FADBBE77FEB5F9CE" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">Phalotris labiomaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
showed significant sexual dimorphism in segmental counts and biometric data. Females have a significantly higher number of ventral scales (F1,27= 234,2; p<0,001) and fewer subcaudals than males (F1,27= 287,4; p<0,001). Furthermore, at the same SVL, males have a longer tail with 10–14% of SVL whereas in females is about 7–8% of SVL (U -4,5=0; p<0,001; n=29).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3D294923FFE2C347FF28BEBCFE8AF8CF" blockId="2.[151,1437,222,2024]" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FF28BEBCFE28F8BB" bold="true" box="[199,473,1782,1807]" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">Intraspecific variation.</emphasis>
|
||
Some individuals can show the dorsolateral dark dots, becoming continuous in a line on the tail, as well as black dots on the synfisial, mentals, and inflalabials, much more evident. Larger specimens do not present evident black blotched infralabials and in general it seems that the dorsolateral line tends to fade as the specimens get older.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3D294923FFE2C346FF28BFCCFD76FEA8" blockId="2.[151,1437,222,2024]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,391]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="185" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FF28BFCCFDFEF82B" bold="true" box="[199,527,1926,1951]" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">Coloration in preservative.</emphasis>
|
||
In 70% ethanol
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE2C347FD39BFCDFC07F82B" box="[726,1014,1927,1951]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="184" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labiomaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE2C347FD39BFCDFC07F82B" box="[726,1014,1927,1951]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="184">Phalotris labiomaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a light brown coloration on the dorsum and a darkish white belly. The first ring on the neck is light cream (n=28) or brown (n=1) fallowed by a second narrower blackish ring. Dorsum of the head predominantly black or grey faded; supralabials, infralabials, and gular scales blackish and yellowish blotched; suture region between nasal plate, preocular plate and the first and second supralabials yellowish or cream. Dorsolateral dark dots somewhat faded; less noticeable in old specimens in which sometimes are difficult to see. Some regions dorsally may present interspaces bearing blackish pigmentation in the posterior edge of scales.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="758C1AA8FFE3C346FF28B96DFD41FE33" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="3D294923FFE3C346FF28B96DFD41FE33" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,391]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE3C346FF28B96DFE91FEF4" bold="true" box="[199,352,295,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE3C346FE88B962FD72FEF4" box="[359,643,296,320]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="labiomaculatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE3C346FE88B962FD72FEF4" box="[359,643,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Phalotris labiomaculatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
inhabits savanna environments in altitudes between
|
||
<quantity id="FA6EE4C6FFE3C346FB20B96DFAB7FE8B" box="[1231,1350,295,319]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" unit="m" value="150.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="100.0">100–200m</quantity>
|
||
asl and has the northernmost distribution range of the genus
|
||
<emphasis id="0FE29531FFE3C346FD1FB906FCAEFED0" box="[752,863,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="FA9632A0FFE3C346FD1FB906FCAAFED0" box="[752,859,332,356]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Phalotris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="3" pageNumber="185" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Phalotris</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
known from the Brazilian states of Maranhão and Tocantins, along the Tocantins River (
|
||
<figureCitation id="A5AD55A6FFE3C346FDAFB925FD53FE33" box="[576,674,367,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,260,1908,1933]" captionTargetBox="[195,1394,182,1879]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[191,1397,178,1884]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Geographic distribution map of Phalotris labiomaculatus in Brazil. Triangle corresponds to the Type locality (Lema 2002), square to the other previous record (França et al. 2005) and circles correspond to the new localities reported herein: 1 = Filadelfia; 2 = Carolina; 3 = Darcinópolis; 4 = Estreito; 5 = Palmeiras do Tocantins. States code: MA = Maranhão; TO = Tocantins." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/216914/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="185">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |