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<document id="A7BC736C773E101A6C3BDE6E52BB3B24" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.4619638" ID-ISSN="2345-7600" ID-RefBankID="FF8BFFD82661FFFFFFA5FF89FFB0FFE1" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4619638" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1616096590396" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Daugeron, Christophe &amp; Grootaert, Patrick" docDate="2005" docId="7E7087CC0146FF8FFC0BFE583DB95916" docLanguage="en" docName="RafflesBZool.53.2.211-220.pdf" docOrigin="Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 53 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:19380AF0FBA5B2F218DD253A34ABE57F.5:RafflesBZool.2003-2005.journal_article" docStyleId="19380AF0FBA5B2F218DD253A34ABE57F" docStyleName="RafflesBZool.2003-2005.journal_article" docStyleVersion="5" docTitle="Empis (Coptophlebia) tortuosa Daugeron &amp; Grootaert 2005, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="215" masterDocId="8249FFB40145FF8BFF97FF993F0D5848" masterDocTitle="Empidine Dance Flies From Singapore And Southern Malaysia (Diptera: Empididae: Empidinae)" masterLastPageNumber="220" masterPageNumber="211" pageNumber="214" updateTime="1698891084545" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="749B36BD1E1CC574819A74D994A71FDD">Empidine Dance Flies From Singapore And Southern Malaysia (Diptera: Empididae: Empidinae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="D9A58A8FE50C548414D6C50EA9136D79" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="66980DFF1009D7C3496DB6954B823945">Daugeron, Christophe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="95E1FD90A3C949B4AD44C5EE0082DB40">Grootaert, Patrick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="2CAAC27EE518F1462707DE2C4BB3040C">Raffles Bulletin of Zoology</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F2ED9D4E8365F7BCFEDCD537BF23D44D">
<mods:date id="01CBF83E97EDCC1172D936FC7A1C2D22">2005</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="82955B1EDFAF3025014A26222B773C79" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="CADF47E6B3428DE3E8A571950D51BD2C">2005-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C6B982FBF0488F623E5B570BCD21D7A4">53</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5755A4012E37024A5FD2573F879F8924" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.4619638</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="F5CF14AD2F24BC66FBBABFAED3C4D3E6" type="ISSN">2345-7600</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7E7087CC0146FF8FFC0BFE583DB95916" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E7087CC0146FF8FFC0BFE583DB95916" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E7087CC0146FF8FFC0BFE583DB95916" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="215" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">
<subSubSection id="BEC365510146FF88FC0BFE583A8B5990" box="[924,1414,448,473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F66636DA0146FF88FC0BFE583A8B5990" blockId="3.[924,1414,448,504]" box="[924,1414,448,473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">
<heading id="AD2E81B60146FF88FC0BFE583A8B5990" bold="true" box="[924,1414,448,473]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" reason="2">
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FC0BFE583A8B5990" bold="true" box="[924,1414,448,473]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">
<taxonomicName id="31D94D590146FF88FC0BFE583BFE5991" ID-CoL="8BZ8D" authority="Daugeron &amp; Grootaert, 2005" authorityName="Daugeron &amp; Grootaert" authorityYear="2005" box="[924,1267,448,473]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tortuosa" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Coptophlebia">
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FC0BFE583CEF5991" bold="true" box="[924,994,449,473]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Empis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FC64FE583B8A5991" bold="true" box="[1011,1159,449,473]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Coptophlebia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FB0FFE583BFE5991" bold="true" box="[1176,1267,449,473]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">tortuosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DF9E57B30146FF88FA95FE593A8B5990" box="[1282,1414,448,472]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BEC365510146FF88FB9BFE783BC659B0" box="[1036,1227,481,504]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" type="description">
<paragraph id="F66636DA0146FF88FB9BFE783BC659B0" blockId="3.[924,1414,448,504]" box="[1036,1227,481,504]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">
(
<figureCitation id="6EE22A5F0146FF88FB83FE783B7E59B0" box="[1044,1139,481,504]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[113,149,2063,2084]" captionTargetBox="[117,1448,682,1971]" captionTargetId="figure-9@1.[102,1460,631,1988]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Male fore leg in frontal view: A, tibia and first tarsomere of E. (C.) neesoonensis; B, tibia and tarsus of E. (C.) producta; C, tibia and first tarsomere of E. (C.) tortuosa; D, tibia and first tarsomere of E. (C.) verruca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4619640" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4619640/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Figs. 1C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6EE22A5F0146FF88FB16FE783BC959B0" box="[1153,1220,481,504]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[136,172,2095,2116]" captionTargetBox="[180,1435,261,2006]" captionTargetId="figure-30@6.[132,1486,230,2051]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 6. Male postabdomen of E. (C.) tortuosa, lateral view: A, sternite 8; B, hypopygium. Scale = 4.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4619650" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4619650/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">6A, B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BEC365510146FF88FCBBFDB93A555AE1" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F66636DA0146FF88FCBBFDB93BEA5A1A" blockId="3.[812,1452,544,594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FCBBFDB93CF55A7D" bold="true" box="[812,1016,544,565]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Material examined. </emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="46B13C870146FF88FC6BFDB93BEA5A1A" collectingDate="2000-10-05" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="P. Grootaert" country="Singapore" location="Singapore" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="296288780146FF88FC6BFDB93B5E5A7D" box="[1020,1107,544,565]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FBC0FDB83B525A7E" box="[1111,1119,545,566]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">-</emphasis>
male,
<collectingCountry id="8ECE764A0146FF88FB0CFDB93BF15A7D" box="[1179,1276,544,565]" name="Singapore" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Singapore</collectingCountry>
, Nee Soon, sample 20030, coll.
<collectorName id="5B2C530C0146FF88FC3FFDA43B2F5A1A" box="[936,1058,573,594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">P. Grootaert</collectorName>
,
<date id="8267101A0146FF88FBBAFDA43B945A1A" box="[1069,1177,573,594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" value="2000-10-05">
<collectingDate id="9223E9F20146FF88FBBAFDA43B945A1A" box="[1069,1177,573,594]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" value="2000-10-05">5 Oct.2000</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode id="90C8AE1F0146FF88FB30FDA43BD15A1A" box="[1191,1244,573,594]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">ZRC</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F66636DA0146FF88FCBBFDEE3A555AE1" blockId="3.[812,1452,631,681]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">
<materialsCitation id="46B13C870146FF88FCBBFDEE3A595AE1" collectingDate="2005-04-19" collectionCode="ZRC, MNHN" collectorName="P. Grootaert" country="Singapore" location="Singapore" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-male="8" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="296288780146FF88FCBBFDEE3C865AC4" box="[812,907,631,652]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FC06FDEE3C905AC4" box="[913,925,631,652]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214"></emphasis>
<specimenCount id="E0DFFD530146FF88FC34FDEE3CFD5AC4" box="[931,1008,631,652]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" type="male">8 males</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="8ECE764A0146FF88FC6DFDEE3B525AC4" box="[1018,1119,631,652]" name="Singapore" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Singapore</collectingCountry>
, Nee Soon, sample 25070, coll.
<collectorName id="5B2C530C0146FF88FA0FFDEE3C815AE1" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">P. Grootaert</collectorName>
,
<date id="8267101A0146FF88FC01FD0D3B1F5AE1" box="[918,1042,660,681]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" value="2005-04-19">
<collectingDate id="9223E9F20146FF88FC01FD0D3B1F5AE1" box="[918,1042,660,681]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" value="2005-04-19">19 Apr.2005</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode id="90C8AE1F0146FF88FB88FD0D3B5F5AE1" box="[1055,1106,660,681]" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">ZRC</collectionCode>
, KBIN-IRScNB,
<collectionCode id="90C8AE1F0146FF88FB69FD0D3A405AE1" box="[1278,1357,660,681]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">MNHN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BEC365510146FF88FCBBFD483AA45B40" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F66636DA0146FF88FCBBFD483AA45B40" blockId="3.[812,1451,721,776]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FCBBFD483CB15AA1" bold="true" box="[812,956,721,745]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Etymology. </emphasis>
From the Latin word
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FB31FD483A075AA0" box="[1190,1290,721,744]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">tortuosus</emphasis>
in reference to the shape of bristles of the epandrium and male sternite 8.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BEC365510146FF88FCBBFCA83CA05C40" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F66636DA0146FF88FCBBFCA83CA05C40" blockId="3.[812,1452,817,1032]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FCBBFCA83CB15B01" bold="true" box="[812,956,817,841]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Diagnosis. </emphasis>
Medium-sized brownish species, fore tibia strongly deformed at base, legs brownish with mid tarsus distinctly paler, hind tibia with a characteristic cluster of 4 very long ventral bristles basally, sternite 8 with numerous long, tortuous ventral bristles directed anteriorly, ventral margin of epandrium with a characteristic indentation subapically.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BEC365510146FF88FCBBFBA83CFE5060" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" type="description">
<paragraph id="F66636DA0146FF88FCBBFBA83C695FA0" blockId="3.[812,1452,1073,2024]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FCBBFBA83B6C5C00" box="[812,1121,1073,1097]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FCBBFBA83B125C01" bold="true" box="[812,1055,1073,1097]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Description. Male </emphasis>
Head
</emphasis>
. Occiput dark brown, antenna brownish, second and third flagellomeres aristiform. Face blackish. Palpus clear yellowish, labrum length 2.3 x head height.
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FCE8FB083CC05CE0" box="[895,973,1169,1192]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Thorax</emphasis>
. Acrostichals and dorsocentrals broken but apparently uniserial. Proepisternum with 1 fine, short bristle, prosternum with 1 long lateral bristle.
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FB56FB483BF95CA0" box="[1217,1268,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Legs</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="6EE22A5F0146FF88FA96FB483A5C5CA0" box="[1281,1361,1233,1256]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="1.[113,149,2063,2084]" captionTargetBox="[117,1448,682,1971]" captionTargetId="figure-9@1.[102,1460,631,1988]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Fig. 1. Male fore leg in frontal view: A, tibia and first tarsomere of E. (C.) neesoonensis; B, tibia and tarsus of E. (C.) producta; C, tibia and first tarsomere of E. (C.) tortuosa; D, tibia and first tarsomere of E. (C.) verruca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4619640" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4619640/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
) brown, mid tarsus almost yellowish. Fore tibia strongly deformed at base with 2 distinct anterodorsal bristle (at middle, at apical third), 2 rather strong, long posterolateral bristles; first fore tarsomere with 1 strong long antero- and posterolateral bristles, 1 strong, long posteroventral bristle. Mid femur with 2 long ventral bristles at middle; mid tibia with 2 and 3 strong, long ventral and dorsal bristles respectively; first mid tarsomere with 2 strong, long anterodorsal bristles. Hind tibia with a cluster of 4 very long ventral bristles basally, rather strong at base, finer at tip, 4 strong, long dorsal bristles (1 basally, 1 at apical third, 2 apically); hind tarsus somewhat swollen, first hind tarsomere almost as long as the following four tarsomeres together, with 3 strong, long dorsal bristles, following tarsomeres with 2 long dorsal bristles. Wing (length =
<quantity id="31219B3F0146FF88FCD4F9283C8E5E80" box="[835,899,1713,1736]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
) feebly tinged with brown, discal veins almost not visible, A1 abbreviated.
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FBA1F9483B915EA0" box="[1078,1180,1745,1768]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Abdomen</emphasis>
brownish. Sternites with distinct pair of bristles posteriorly. Sternite 8 (
<figureCitation id="6EE22A5F0146FF88FA8DF9683A635F40" box="[1306,1390,1777,1800]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[136,172,2095,2116]" captionTargetBox="[180,1435,261,2006]" captionTargetId="figure-30@6.[132,1486,230,2051]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 6. Male postabdomen of E. (C.) tortuosa, lateral view: A, sternite 8; B, hypopygium. Scale = 4.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4619650" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4619650/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
) with numerous strong, long, tortuous ventral bristles directed anteriorly.
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FC37F8A83B245F00" box="[928,1065,1841,1864]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Hypopygium</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="6EE22A5F0146FF88FBA1F8A83B875F00" box="[1078,1162,1841,1864]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[136,172,2095,2116]" captionTargetBox="[180,1435,261,2006]" captionTargetId="figure-30@6.[132,1486,230,2051]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 6. Male postabdomen of E. (C.) tortuosa, lateral view: A, sternite 8; B, hypopygium. Scale = 4.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4619650" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4619650/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
). Epandrium subtriangular, long, with a ventral indentation subapically, strong, long, more or less tortuous ventral bristles, 1 very strong bristle at tip, several strong, long dorsal bristles. Hypandrium somewhat elongated, fine at tip. Phallus somewhat recurved at tip
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F66636DA0146FF88FCBBF7883CFE5060" blockId="3.[812,1011,2065,2089]" box="[812,1011,2065,2089]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FCBBF7883C8D5061" bold="true" box="[812,896,2065,2089]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">Female</emphasis>
unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="A2A666520146FF88FFE7F7B83D1F507E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4619644" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4619644" box="[112,530,2081,2102]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4619644/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" startId="3.[112,148,2081,2102]" targetBox="[117,772,1073,2005]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="F66636DA0146FF88FFE7F7B83D1F507E" blockId="3.[112,530,2081,2102]" box="[112,530,2081,2102]" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">
Fig. 3. Habitus of
<taxonomicName id="31D94D590146FF88FEBEF7B83EC0507E" authorityName="Daugeron &amp; Grootaert" authorityYear="2005" box="[297,461,2081,2102]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="producta" subGenus="Coptophlebia">
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FEBEF7B83E32507E" box="[297,319,2081,2102]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">E.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FED9F7B83E68507E" box="[334,357,2081,2102]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">C.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80146FF88FEE2F7B83EC0507E" box="[373,461,2081,2102]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="214">producta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, male.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="BEC365510141FF8FFF1FFF583DB95916" pageId="4" pageNumber="215" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="F66636DA0141FF8FFF1FFF583DB95916" blockId="4.[136,775,193,350]" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80141FF8FFF1FFF583E045891" bold="true" box="[136,265,193,217]" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80141FF8FFF1FFF583FFF5891" bold="true" box="[136,242,193,217]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">Remarks.</emphasis>
</emphasis>
This species belongs to the
<taxonomicName id="31D94D590141FF8FFDC5FF5B3DB65891" authorityName="Melander" authorityYear="1946" box="[594,699,194,217]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="215" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hyalea">
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80141FF8FFDC5FF5B3DB65891" box="[594,699,194,217]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">E. hyalea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clade. Within this clade it probably forms a small monophyletic group with
<taxonomicName id="31D94D590141FF8FFE9DFE9C3D475953" authority="(Singapore)" authorityName="Daugeron &amp; Grootaert" authorityYear="2005" baseAuthorityName="Singapore" box="[266,586,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="215" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitisalutatoris">
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80141FF8FFE9DFE9C3ECC5954" box="[266,449,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">E. vitisalutatoris</emphasis>
(
<collectingCountry id="8ECE764A0141FF8FFE44FE9D3D495953" box="[467,580,260,283]" name="Singapore" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">Singapore</collectingCountry>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="31D94D590141FF8FFD11FE9C3C0A5954" authorityName="Melander" authorityYear="1946" box="[646,775,261,284]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="215" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thiasotes">
<emphasis id="C4ADEAC80141FF8FFD11FE9C3C0A5954" box="[646,775,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">E. thiasotes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="8ECE764A0141FF8FFF07FEBF3E015975" box="[144,268,294,317]" name="Indonesia" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="341DF8380141FF8FFE8BFEBF3E5F5975" box="[284,338,294,317]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="4" pageNumber="215">Java</collectingRegion>
) on the basis of the presence of a characteristic ventral indentation of the epandrium.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>