491 lines
47 KiB
XML
491 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015" ID-GBIF-Dataset="24a3af2a-54f9-4077-afd3-7563950c5dbf" ID-PMC="PMC8866340" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1086-84" ID-Pensoft-UUID="6EDA4E3E12955CA7BFCCF667BADB6B90" ID-PubMed="35221746" ID-ZooBank="89728BCE242A49369095E9B544F8B9F7" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1086-84" checkinTime="1645053244411" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Crespo, Luis C., Silva, Isamberto, Enguidanos, Alba, Cardoso, Pedro & Arnedo, Miquel" docDate="2022" docId="42E4561EDAC154CF8A4A4BF65EA2FA6B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1086: 84-135" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1086" docPubDate="2022-02-16" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015" docTitle="Hogna maderiana" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="6EDA4E3E12955CA7BFCCF667BADB6B90" lastPageNumber="84" masterDocId="6EDA4E3E12955CA7BFCCF667BADB6B90" masterDocTitle="Island hoppers: Integrative taxonomic revision of Hogna wolf spiders (Araneae, Lycosidae) endemic to the Madeira islands with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="135" masterPageNumber="84" pageNumber="84" updateTime="1668151492809" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Island hoppers: Integrative taxonomic revision of Hogna wolf spiders (Araneae, Lycosidae) endemic to the Madeira islands with description of a new species</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crespo, Luis C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-5661</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences (Arthropods), Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain & Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research (LIBRe), Finnish Museum of Natural History (LUOMUS), University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 17, 00014 Helsinki, Finland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">luiscarloscrespo@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Silva, Isamberto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Instituto das Florestas e Conservacao da Natureza IP-RAM, Jardim Botanico da Madeira, Caminho do Meio, Bom Sucesso, 9064 - 512, Funchal, Portugal</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Enguidanos, Alba</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences (Arthropods), Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cardoso, Pedro</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8119-9960</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research (LIBRe), Finnish Museum of Natural History (LUOMUS), University of Helsinki, P. O. Box 17, 00014 Helsinki, Finland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Arnedo, Miquel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1402-4727</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences (Arthropods), Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-02-16</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1086</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>84</mods:start>
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<mods:end>135</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1086-84</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">89728BCE242A49369095E9B544F8B9F7</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">6EDA4E3E12955CA7BFCCF667BADB6B90</mods:identifier>
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||
</mods:mods>
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||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="193383531" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:42E4561EDAC154CF8A4A4BF65EA2FA6B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/42E4561EDAC154CF8A4A4BF65EA2FA6B" lastPageNumber="84" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="84" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
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<taxonomicName LSID="42E4561E-DAC1-54CF-8A4A-4BF65EA2FA6B" authority="(Walckenaer, 1837)" baseAuthorityName="Walckenaer" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Hogna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hogna maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maderiana">Hogna maderiana (Walckenaer, 1837)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="84" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Hogna maderiana A-D male (CRBALC 0734): A left male palp, ventral (white arrow points to a tegular concavity that may be helpful for diagnosis) B detail of the median apophysis, anteroventral C SEM image, right male palp, ventral D idem, retroventral E, F female (CRBALC 0717): E epigynum, ventral F vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations, male pedipalp: AT - apical point, C - cymbium, E - embolus, P - palea, R - ridge, T - tegulum, TA - terminal apophysis, TgA - tegular apophysis, VS - ventral spur. Abbreviations, female genitalia: D - diverticulum, H - epigynal hoods, MS - median septum, S - spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647001" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Figures 21</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Photograph of H. maderiana. Female specimen in the field. Photograph credit Pedro Cardoso." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647002" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">, 22</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Distribution of H. maderiana. Black circles: present records; dotted circles: records from only leg samples; black triangles: revised records from literature; white triangles: unconfirmed records from literature." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647003" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">, 23</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="84" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walckenaer" authorityYear="1837" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Lycosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycosa tarentuloides subsp. maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="tarentuloides" subSpecies="maderiana">Lycosa tarentuloides maderiana</taxonomicName>
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Walckenaer, 1837: 291 (Df).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walckenaer" authorityYear="1837" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Lycosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycosa tarentuloides subsp. maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="tarentuloides" subSpecies="maderiana">Lycosa tarentuloides maderiana</taxonomicName>
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Blackwall, 1857a: 282 (Dm).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Tarentula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tarentula maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maderiana">Tarentula maderiana</taxonomicName>
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Simon, 1864: 350.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Walckenaer" authorityYear="1837" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Lycosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lycosa maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maderiana">Lycosa maderiana</taxonomicName>
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Simon, 1898: 346.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Trochosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trochosa maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maderiana">Trochosa maderiana</taxonomicName>
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Kulczynski, 1899: 426, pl. 9, fig. 119-120 (mf).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Isohogna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Isohogna maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maderiana">Isohogna maderiana</taxonomicName>
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Roewer, 1955: 241.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Isohogna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Isohogna maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maderiana">Isohogna maderiana</taxonomicName>
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Roewer, 1960: 569, fig. 319a-c (mf).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Wunderlich" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Hogna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hogna schmitzi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schmitzi">Hogna schmitzi</taxonomicName>
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Wunderlich, 1992: 462, fig. 721-723 (Dmf). Holotype ♂ examined, Porto Santo, 8-11.VII.1983; leg. K. Groh, stored at SMF, collection number 37639. New synonymy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="84" type="types">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Types.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Holotype</emphasis>
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: Not examined, supposed lost.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="84" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
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<materialsCitation accessionNumber="SMF37637, SMF63869, SMF34482, SMF36760, SMF37636, SMF37638" collectingDate="1959-03-27" collectingDateMax="2018-04-10" collectingDateMin="1959-03-27" collectorName="de Ferro, K. Groh., I. Silva. Porto Santo, L. Crespo, A. Bellvert, A. Vandel, G. Schmidt, K. Groh, S. W. Bristowe, B. M. Cliffton, W. R. O. Grant" latitude="33.09366" location="Ilheu de Ferro" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-16.30776" municipality="Pico do Facho" specimenCount="44" specimenCount-female="25" specimenCount-juvenile="4" specimenCount-male="15">
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:42E4561EDAC154CF8A4A4BF65EA2FA6B:78A589DB583CD82298E80738813B2278" latitude="33.09366" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-16.30776" municipality="Pico do Facho" name="Ilheu de Ferro">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ilhéu">Ilheu</normalizedToken>
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<collectorName>de Ferro</collectorName>
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</location>
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•
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<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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and
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<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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(
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<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/SMF37637">SMF37637</accessionNumber>
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),
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<collectingDate value="1983-07-03">3.VII.1983</collectingDate>
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, leg.
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<collectorName>K. Groh.</collectorName>
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,
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<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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(CRBALC0013),
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<geoCoordinate degrees="33.03698" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="33.03698">33.03698°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="16.40814" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-16.40814">16.40814°W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<collectingDate value="2011-04-06">6.IV.2011</collectingDate>
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, hand collecting, leg.
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<collectorName>I. Silva. Porto Santo</collectorName>
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• Pico Branco,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="33.09366" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="33.09366">33.09366°N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="16.30776" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-16.30776">16.30776°W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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(CRBALC0734) and
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<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
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(CRBALC0704, CRBALC0717),
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<collectingDate value="2018-04-10">10.IV.2018</collectingDate>
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, hand collecting, leg.
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<collectorName>L. Crespo</collectorName>
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&
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<collectorName>A. Bellvert</collectorName>
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;
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<collectingMunicipality>Pico do Facho</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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(
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<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/SMF63869">SMF63869</accessionNumber>
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),
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<collectingDate value="1972-10-31">31.X.1972</collectingDate>
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; (unknown location),
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<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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(MNHNP AR16184),
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<collectingDate value="1959-03-27">27.III.1959</collectingDate>
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, leg.
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<collectorName>A. Vandel</collectorName>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
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and
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<specimenCount type="juvenile">2 juveniles</specimenCount>
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(FMNHhttp://id.luomus.fi/KN.23945),
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<collectingDate value="1959-10-04">4.X.1959</collectingDate>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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(
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<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/SMF34482">SMF34482</accessionNumber>
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),
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<collectingDate value="1983-07">VII.1983</collectingDate>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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(
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<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/SMF36760">SMF36760</accessionNumber>
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),
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<collectingDate value="1985-10-26">26.X.1985</collectingDate>
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, leg.
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<collectorName>G. Schmidt</collectorName>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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(
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<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/SMF37636">SMF37636</accessionNumber>
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) and
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<specimenCount type="juvenile">2 juveniles</specimenCount>
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(
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<accessionNumber httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/SMF37638">SMF37638</accessionNumber>
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), leg.
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<collectorName>K. Groh</collectorName>
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,
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<specimenCount type="male">8 ♂♂</specimenCount>
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and
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<specimenCount type="female">11 ♀♀</specimenCount>
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(NHM, in ethanol),
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<collectingDate value="1962-06">VI.1962</collectingDate>
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, leg.
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<collectorName>S.W. Bristowe</collectorName>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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(NHM),
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<collectingDate value="1963-07">VII.1963</collectingDate>
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, leg.
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<collectorName>B.M. Cliffton</collectorName>
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,
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<specimenCount type="male">2 ♂♂</specimenCount>
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and
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<specimenCount type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
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(NHM 1892.7.9.12.17), leg.
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<collectorName>W.R.O. Grant</collectorName>
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,
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<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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(NHM),
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<collectingDate value="1964-06-12">12.VI.1964</collectingDate>
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,
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<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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and
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<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
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(NHM, mounted dry)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="84" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Walckenaer" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Hogna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hogna maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maderiana">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Hogna maderiana</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from all other Madeiran
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1885" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Hogna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hogna" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Hogna</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by a combination of the following characters: the large size (prosoma length> 10 mm), the presence of conspicuous orange setae (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Plate with photographs of the lateral view of the leg I for the complex of H. maderiana, H. insularum and their intermediate forms." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647007" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">27A</figureCitation>
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), and its genitalia. In males by a combination of a smoothly curved tip of the embolus, a long, blunt ventral spur, and a deeper tegular concavity (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Hogna maderiana A-D male (CRBALC 0734): A left male palp, ventral (white arrow points to a tegular concavity that may be helpful for diagnosis) B detail of the median apophysis, anteroventral C SEM image, right male palp, ventral D idem, retroventral E, F female (CRBALC 0717): E epigynum, ventral F vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations, male pedipalp: AT - apical point, C - cymbium, E - embolus, P - palea, R - ridge, T - tegulum, TA - terminal apophysis, TgA - tegular apophysis, VS - ventral spur. Abbreviations, female genitalia: D - diverticulum, H - epigynal hoods, MS - median septum, S - spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647001" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">21A-D</figureCitation>
|
||
). In females by epigyne with median septum more than twice as long as wide (at posterior transverse part) (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Hogna maderiana A-D male (CRBALC 0734): A left male palp, ventral (white arrow points to a tegular concavity that may be helpful for diagnosis) B detail of the median apophysis, anteroventral C SEM image, right male palp, ventral D idem, retroventral E, F female (CRBALC 0717): E epigynum, ventral F vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations, male pedipalp: AT - apical point, C - cymbium, E - embolus, P - palea, R - ridge, T - tegulum, TA - terminal apophysis, TgA - tegular apophysis, VS - ventral spur. Abbreviations, female genitalia: D - diverticulum, H - epigynal hoods, MS - median septum, S - spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647001" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">21E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647001" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" start="Figure 21" startId="F21">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Figure 21.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Walckenaer" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Hogna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hogna maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maderiana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Hogna maderiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">A-D</emphasis>
|
||
male (CRBALC0734):
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">A</emphasis>
|
||
left male palp, ventral (white arrow points to a tegular concavity that may be helpful for diagnosis)
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">B</emphasis>
|
||
detail of the median apophysis, anteroventral
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">C</emphasis>
|
||
SEM image, right male palp, ventral
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">D</emphasis>
|
||
idem, retroventral
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">E, F</emphasis>
|
||
female (CRBALC0717):
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">E</emphasis>
|
||
epigynum, ventral
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">F</emphasis>
|
||
vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations, male pedipalp: AT - apical point, C - cymbium, E - embolus, P - palea, R - ridge, T - tegulum, TA - terminal apophysis, TgA - tegular apophysis, VS - ventral spur. Abbreviations, female genitalia: D - diverticulum, H - epigynal hoods, MS - median septum, S - spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">A, B, E, F</emphasis>
|
||
); 0.2 mm (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">C, D</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="84" type="redescription">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Redescription.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Male (CRBALC0734)</emphasis>
|
||
: (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Hogna maderiana A-D male (CRBALC 0734): A left male palp, ventral (white arrow points to a tegular concavity that may be helpful for diagnosis) B detail of the median apophysis, anteroventral C SEM image, right male palp, ventral D idem, retroventral E, F female (CRBALC 0717): E epigynum, ventral F vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations, male pedipalp: AT - apical point, C - cymbium, E - embolus, P - palea, R - ridge, T - tegulum, TA - terminal apophysis, TgA - tegular apophysis, VS - ventral spur. Abbreviations, female genitalia: D - diverticulum, H - epigynal hoods, MS - median septum, S - spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647001" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">21D, E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Total length: 19.5; carapace: 11.9 long, 8.9 wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Colour</emphasis>
|
||
: carapace brown, with short black setae covering flanks, short white setae present posteriorly, anteriorly and laterally, long black setae are present anteriorly or scattered around median band; median yellow longitudinal band present but faint, covered with short white setae and scattered long black setae, anteriorly broadened; marginal bands indistinct, made apparent only by the cover of short white setae, long black setae also present laterally; four darker lateral bands visible, but without striae. Chelicerae black, apically dark brown, covered in black and yellow setae. Gnathocoxae very dark orange-brown, labium blackish; sternum brown, medially lighter, but without any stripe. Legs yellow to orange-brown, without annulations, with anterior tibiae, all metatarsi and tarsi dark brown, and covered dorsally with yellow setae (probably orange in living or fresh specimen). Pedipalpal femur, patella, and tibia as legs, cymbium darker, yellow setae present in all segments except femur. Abdomen with a pair of anterolateral black patches, extending laterally into grey flanks; a median yellow lanceolate patch is bordered by few whitish patches; venter greyish, darker near spinnerets.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
: MOQ: MW = 0.7 PW, MW = 1.2 LMP, MW = 1.2 AW; Cl = 0.5 DAME. Anterior eye row slightly procurved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: Measurements: Leg I: 36.7, TiI: 8.85; Leg IV: 37.3, TiIV: 8.1; TiIL/D: 4.4. Spination of Leg I: FeI: d1.1.0, p0.0.2; TiI: p1.0.1, r1.0.0, v2s.2s.2s; MtI: p0.0.1, r0.0.1, v2s.2s.1s. MtI with very dense scopulae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Pedipalp</emphasis>
|
||
: cymbium with one prolateral spine and six dark, stout, macrosetae at tip, Fe with two dorsal and an apical row of four spines, Pa with one prolateral spine, Ti with one dorsoprolateral and one prolateral spines. Tegular apophysis with ventral spur long, blunt, with a straight ridge leading to a wide apical point (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Hogna maderiana A-D male (CRBALC 0734): A left male palp, ventral (white arrow points to a tegular concavity that may be helpful for diagnosis) B detail of the median apophysis, anteroventral C SEM image, right male palp, ventral D idem, retroventral E, F female (CRBALC 0717): E epigynum, ventral F vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations, male pedipalp: AT - apical point, C - cymbium, E - embolus, P - palea, R - ridge, T - tegulum, TA - terminal apophysis, TgA - tegular apophysis, VS - ventral spur. Abbreviations, female genitalia: D - diverticulum, H - epigynal hoods, MS - median septum, S - spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647001" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">21A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
); terminal apophysis blade-shaped with sharp end (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Hogna maderiana A-D male (CRBALC 0734): A left male palp, ventral (white arrow points to a tegular concavity that may be helpful for diagnosis) B detail of the median apophysis, anteroventral C SEM image, right male palp, ventral D idem, retroventral E, F female (CRBALC 0717): E epigynum, ventral F vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations, male pedipalp: AT - apical point, C - cymbium, E - embolus, P - palea, R - ridge, T - tegulum, TA - terminal apophysis, TgA - tegular apophysis, VS - ventral spur. Abbreviations, female genitalia: D - diverticulum, H - epigynal hoods, MS - median septum, S - spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647001" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">21A-D</figureCitation>
|
||
); embolus long, with tip directed anterolaterally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Hogna maderiana A-D male (CRBALC 0734): A left male palp, ventral (white arrow points to a tegular concavity that may be helpful for diagnosis) B detail of the median apophysis, anteroventral C SEM image, right male palp, ventral D idem, retroventral E, F female (CRBALC 0717): E epigynum, ventral F vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations, male pedipalp: AT - apical point, C - cymbium, E - embolus, P - palea, R - ridge, T - tegulum, TA - terminal apophysis, TgA - tegular apophysis, VS - ventral spur. Abbreviations, female genitalia: D - diverticulum, H - epigynal hoods, MS - median septum, S - spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647001" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">21A-D</figureCitation>
|
||
); palea small (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Hogna maderiana A-D male (CRBALC 0734): A left male palp, ventral (white arrow points to a tegular concavity that may be helpful for diagnosis) B detail of the median apophysis, anteroventral C SEM image, right male palp, ventral D idem, retroventral E, F female (CRBALC 0717): E epigynum, ventral F vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations, male pedipalp: AT - apical point, C - cymbium, E - embolus, P - palea, R - ridge, T - tegulum, TA - terminal apophysis, TgA - tegular apophysis, VS - ventral spur. Abbreviations, female genitalia: D - diverticulum, H - epigynal hoods, MS - median septum, S - spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647001" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">21A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Female (CRBALC0717)</emphasis>
|
||
: (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Hogna maderiana A-D male (CRBALC 0734): A left male palp, ventral (white arrow points to a tegular concavity that may be helpful for diagnosis) B detail of the median apophysis, anteroventral C SEM image, right male palp, ventral D idem, retroventral E, F female (CRBALC 0717): E epigynum, ventral F vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations, male pedipalp: AT - apical point, C - cymbium, E - embolus, P - palea, R - ridge, T - tegulum, TA - terminal apophysis, TgA - tegular apophysis, VS - ventral spur. Abbreviations, female genitalia: D - diverticulum, H - epigynal hoods, MS - median septum, S - spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647001" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">21E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Total length 23.5; carapace: 11.3 long, 8.3 wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Colour</emphasis>
|
||
: overall as in male, with the following differences: median yellow longitudinal band in prosoma clear. Cheliceral setae black. Legs with few faint greyish patches in femora. Abdominal pattern overall greyish, darker near spinnerets, with patches unapparent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Eyes</emphasis>
|
||
: MOQ: MW = 0.7 PW, MW = 1.1 LMP, MW = 1.2 AW; Cl = 0.4 DAME. Anterior eye row slightly procurved.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
: Measurements: Leg I: 30.3, TiI: 7.2; Leg IV: 33.9, TiIV: 7.4; TiIL/D: 3.5. Spination of Leg I: FeI: d1.1.0, p0.0.2; TiI: 0.1s.0, v2s.2s.2s; MtI: p0.0.1, r0.0.1, v2l.2s.1s. MtI with very dense scopulae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Epigyne</emphasis>
|
||
: anterior pockets touching, short, with lateral borders parallel (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Hogna maderiana A-D male (CRBALC 0734): A left male palp, ventral (white arrow points to a tegular concavity that may be helpful for diagnosis) B detail of the median apophysis, anteroventral C SEM image, right male palp, ventral D idem, retroventral E, F female (CRBALC 0717): E epigynum, ventral F vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations, male pedipalp: AT - apical point, C - cymbium, E - embolus, P - palea, R - ridge, T - tegulum, TA - terminal apophysis, TgA - tegular apophysis, VS - ventral spur. Abbreviations, female genitalia: D - diverticulum, H - epigynal hoods, MS - median septum, S - spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647001" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">21E</figureCitation>
|
||
); anterior pocket cavities deep; median septum with narrow posterior transverse part (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Hogna maderiana A-D male (CRBALC 0734): A left male palp, ventral (white arrow points to a tegular concavity that may be helpful for diagnosis) B detail of the median apophysis, anteroventral C SEM image, right male palp, ventral D idem, retroventral E, F female (CRBALC 0717): E epigynum, ventral F vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations, male pedipalp: AT - apical point, C - cymbium, E - embolus, P - palea, R - ridge, T - tegulum, TA - terminal apophysis, TgA - tegular apophysis, VS - ventral spur. Abbreviations, female genitalia: D - diverticulum, H - epigynal hoods, MS - median septum, S - spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647001" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">21E</figureCitation>
|
||
); spermathecae elongated (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Hogna maderiana A-D male (CRBALC 0734): A left male palp, ventral (white arrow points to a tegular concavity that may be helpful for diagnosis) B detail of the median apophysis, anteroventral C SEM image, right male palp, ventral D idem, retroventral E, F female (CRBALC 0717): E epigynum, ventral F vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations, male pedipalp: AT - apical point, C - cymbium, E - embolus, P - palea, R - ridge, T - tegulum, TA - terminal apophysis, TgA - tegular apophysis, VS - ventral spur. Abbreviations, female genitalia: D - diverticulum, H - epigynal hoods, MS - median septum, S - spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647001" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">21F</figureCitation>
|
||
); copulatory ducts with very small diverticulum ventrally (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Hogna maderiana A-D male (CRBALC 0734): A left male palp, ventral (white arrow points to a tegular concavity that may be helpful for diagnosis) B detail of the median apophysis, anteroventral C SEM image, right male palp, ventral D idem, retroventral E, F female (CRBALC 0717): E epigynum, ventral F vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations, male pedipalp: AT - apical point, C - cymbium, E - embolus, P - palea, R - ridge, T - tegulum, TA - terminal apophysis, TgA - tegular apophysis, VS - ventral spur. Abbreviations, female genitalia: D - diverticulum, H - epigynal hoods, MS - median septum, S - spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647001" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">21F</figureCitation>
|
||
); fertilisation ducts emerging at the base of copulatory duct (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Hogna maderiana A-D male (CRBALC 0734): A left male palp, ventral (white arrow points to a tegular concavity that may be helpful for diagnosis) B detail of the median apophysis, anteroventral C SEM image, right male palp, ventral D idem, retroventral E, F female (CRBALC 0717): E epigynum, ventral F vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations, male pedipalp: AT - apical point, C - cymbium, E - embolus, P - palea, R - ridge, T - tegulum, TA - terminal apophysis, TgA - tegular apophysis, VS - ventral spur. Abbreviations, female genitalia: D - diverticulum, H - epigynal hoods, MS - median septum, S - spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A, B, E, F); 0.2 mm (C, D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647001" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">21F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647002" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" start="Figure 22" startId="F22">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Figure 22.</emphasis>
|
||
Photograph of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maderiana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">H. maderiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Female specimen in the field. Photograph credit Pedro Cardoso.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="84" type="intraspecific variation">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Intraspecific variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Carapace length, males: 11.9-14.4, females: 11.0-11.5.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="84" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
|
||
This species is known from the island of Porto Santo and one of its surrounding islets,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ilhéu">Ilheu</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Ferro (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Distribution of H. maderiana. Black circles: present records; dotted circles: records from only leg samples; black triangles: revised records from literature; white triangles: unconfirmed records from literature." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647003" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">23</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1086.68015.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/647003" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" start="Figure 23" startId="F23">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Figure 23.</emphasis>
|
||
Distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maderiana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">H. maderiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Black circles: present records; dotted circles: records from only leg samples; black triangles: revised records from literature; white triangles: unconfirmed records from literature.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="84" type="ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Ecology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Walckenaer" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Hogna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hogna maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maderiana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Hogna maderiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be found in open habitats, such as grasslands, shrubland or sand banks. Very common even in relatively disturbed habitats across Porto Santo.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="84" type="conservation status">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Conservation status.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Walckenaer" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Hogna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hogna maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maderiana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Hogna maderiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was assessed according to the IUCN Red List criteria as
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. schmitzi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schmitzi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">H. schmitzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T58048645A58061027.en" author="Cardoso, P" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" refId="B18" refString="Cardoso, P, Crespo, LC, Silva, I, Borges, P, Boieiro, M, 2018d. Hogna schmitzi. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T58048645A58061027.en" title="Hogna schmitzi. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018." url="https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T58048645A58061027.en" year="2018 d">Cardoso et al. 2018d</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), with the status of Least Concern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="84" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="84">
|
||
As mentioned above (see remarks on
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. blackwalli" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blackwalli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">H. blackwalli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), the large specimens with striking orange coloration in legs from Porto Santo island and its neighbouring islet
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ilhéu">Ilheu</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Ferro were known to pioneer arachnologists. The original, somewhat obscure, description by Walckenaer described a 2.5 cm spider ("1 pouce") with reddish brown legs ("Pattes rouges,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="lavées">lavees</normalizedToken>
|
||
de brun en dessus (
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="…)”">...)"</normalizedToken>
|
||
), from the island of Madeira ("Ile de
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Madère”">Madere"</normalizedToken>
|
||
). After this, Blackwall was the first to provide a clear description of this taxon, while at the same time stating that it was collected in the island of Porto Santo, not Madeira. Subsequent authors reported additional material from either Porto Santo or
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ilhéu">Ilheu</normalizedToken>
|
||
de Ferro (
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936308681494" author="Johnson, J" journalOrPublisher="Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" pagination="152 - 155" refId="B40" refString="Johnson, J, 1863. Description of a new species of Lycosa living in the island of Madeira; with some remarks on the Lycosa tarentuloides maderiana Walckenaer. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 12: 152 - 155, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936308681494" title="Description of a new species of Lycosa living in the island of Madeira; with some remarks on the Lycosa tarentuloides maderiana Walckenaer." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222936308681494" volume="12" year="1863">Johnson 1863</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kulczynski, W" journalOrPublisher="Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzen Wydzialu Matematyczno Przyrodniczego Akademji Umiejetnosci, Krakow" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" pagination="319 - 461" refId="B44" refString="Kulczynski, W, 1899. Arachnoidea opera Rev. E. Schmitz collecta in insulis Maderianis et in insulis Selvages dictis. Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzen Wydzialu Matematyczno Przyrodniczego Akademji Umiejetnosci, Krakow 36: 319 - 461" title="Arachnoidea opera Rev. E. Schmitz collecta in insulis Maderianis et in insulis Selvages dictis." volume="36" year="1899">Kulczynski 1899</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Wunderlich considered
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. blackwalli" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blackwalli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">H. blackwalli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a junior synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maderiana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">H. maderiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the wrong assumption that previous authors repeatedly misidentified
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maderiana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">H. maderiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Porto Santo, assigning
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maderiana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">H. maderiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to the large species with annulated legs from Madeira island. Following synonymy, Wunderlich himself named the large species from Porto Santo as
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. schmitzi" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schmitzi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">H. schmitzi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. As a matter of fact, the only indication of the presence of a large spider with reddish leg coloration in Madeira island is
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Walckenaer’s">Walckenaer's</normalizedToken>
|
||
original description. Unfortunately,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Walckenaer’s">Walckenaer's</normalizedToken>
|
||
type seems to be lost. However, Simon most likely examined it because he stated that "
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. maderiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" rank="species" species="maderiana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">L. maderiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Walck. est, en grande partie,
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="revêtu">revetu</normalizedToken>
|
||
, en dessus, de pubescence courte
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’un">d'un</normalizedToken>
|
||
beau rouge orange." (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Simon, E" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" refId="B67" refString="Simon, E, 1898. Histoire naturelle des araignees. Deuxieme edition, tome second. Roret (Ed.), Paris, 193-380." title="Histoire naturelle des araignees. Deuxieme edition, tome second. Roret (Ed.), Paris, 193 - 380." year="1898">Simon 1898</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 332). The two large species are easy to distinguish, the only misidentification between them being made by Thorell, who identified
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. blackwalli" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="blackwalli">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">H. blackwalli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Madeira as
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Lycosidae" genus="Trochosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trochosa maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maderiana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">Trochosa maderiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Thorell, T" journalOrPublisher="Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" pagination="1 - 204" refId="B71" refString="Thorell, T, 1875. Descriptions of several European and North African spiders. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar 13: 1 - 204" title="Descriptions of several European and North African spiders." volume="13" year="1875">Thorell 1875</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We argue that the presence of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="H. maderiana" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maderiana">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="84">H. maderiana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the island of Madeira reported in
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="Walckenaer’s">Walckenaer's</normalizedToken>
|
||
original description was likely a labelling mistake or a misinterpretation, and probably referred to the archipelago.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |