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141 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.7717/peerj.11514" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e56413f9-7dc9-4ebc-9085-008cb38b4dc1" ID-ISSN="2167-8359" ID-PMC="PMC8254503" ID-PubMed="34249486" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5102026" approvalRequired="1" approvalRequired_for_document="1" checkinTime="1626269878614" checkinUser="diego" docAuthor="Prebus, Matthew M." docDate="2021" docId="054FDB70FEA2FEBCB49C1E6B7D4A21DD" docLanguage="en" docName="PeerJ.9.e11514.pdf.imf" docOrigin="PeerJ (e 11514) 9" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11514" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B6346867C9D49AB2DD3A1D607021D2E9:PeerJ.2021-.journal_article" docStyleId="B6346867C9D49AB2DD3A1D607021D2E9" docStyleName="PeerJ.2021-.journal_article" docTitle="Temnothorax salvini" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="358" masterDocId="F976A308FFC7FFDAB56E1A1D79322757" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the Temnothorax salvini clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a key to the clades of New World Temnothorax" masterLastPageNumber="462" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="358" updateTime="1668138851842" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomic revision of the Temnothorax salvini clade (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a key to the clades of New World Temnothorax</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Prebus, Matthew M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States & Department of Entomology & Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">mprebus@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>PeerJ</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="series">
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<mods:title>e 11514</mods:title>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2021-06-30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>9</mods:number>
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11514</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.7717/peerj.11514</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">e56413f9-7dc9-4ebc-9085-008cb38b4dc1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2167-8359</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="PMC">PMC8254503</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="PubMed">34249486</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5102628" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183542649" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5102628" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:054FDB70FEA2FEBCB49C1E6B7D4A21DD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/054FDB70FEA2FEBCB49C1E6B7D4A21DD" lastPageId="358" lastPageNumber="358" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">
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<subSubSection box="[498,839,1142,1172]" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="357.[498,1542,1142,1932]" box="[498,839,1142,1172]" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">
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<heading box="[498,839,1142,1172]" level="2" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[498,839,1142,1172]" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[498,596,1142,1172]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salvini">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[498,596,1142,1172]" italics="true" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">salvini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group overview
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="358" lastPageNumber="359" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="357.[498,1542,1142,1932]" lastBlockId="358.[498,1542,1448,1674]" lastPageId="358" lastPageNumber="359" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">
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With ten species (eight described as new here), the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[1084,1159,1188,1214]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salvini">
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<emphasis box="[1084,1159,1188,1214]" italics="true" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">salvini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group is the second largest in the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[498,573,1228,1254]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salvini">
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<emphasis box="[498,573,1228,1254]" italics="true" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">salvini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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clade. Up until a recent species delimitation study (
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<bibRefCitation author="Prebus M." box="[1190,1338,1228,1254]" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" pagination="307 - 326" part="46" refId="ref272244" refString="Prebus M. 2021. Phylogenomic species delimitation in the ants of the Temnothorax salvini group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): an integrative approach. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 307 - 326 DOI 10.1111 / syen. 12463." title="Phylogenomic species delimitation in the ants of the Temnothorax salvini group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): an integrative approach" type="journal article" year="2021">
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<emphasis box="[1190,1338,1228,1254]" italics="true" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">Prebus, 2021</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
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), this group was thought to contain two species,
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Wheeler" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[875,991,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aztecus">
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<emphasis box="[875,991,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">T. aztecus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[1052,1160,1268,1294]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salvini">
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<emphasis box="[1052,1160,1268,1294]" italics="true" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">T. salvini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but upon including specimens from across its considerable geographic range and morphological variability, this group was found to contain an additional seven species. Following publication of this study, an additional species was discovered that had been overlooked in collections (
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<taxonomicName authority="Prebus, 2021" authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" box="[1381,1539,1388,1413]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terraztecus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[1381,1539,1388,1413]" italics="true" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">T. terraztecus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[498,593,1428,1454]" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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). The members of the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[863,938,1427,1453]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salvini">
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<emphasis box="[863,938,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">salvini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group inhabit all elevations throughout their range in southern
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<collectingCountry box="[710,796,1467,1493]" name="Mexico" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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and Central America (
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<figureCitation box="[1062,1153,1467,1494]" captionStart="Figure 153" captionStartId="358.[116,181,1233,1255]" captionTargetBox="[90,1541,234,1220]" captionTargetId="figure-148@358.[90,1524,234,1204]" captionTargetPageId="358" captionText="Figure 153 Geographical and elevational distribution of the salvini group. (A) Temnothorax aztecoides sp. nov. (B) T. aztecus (C) T. fortispinosus sp. nov. (D) T. longicaulis stat. nov., nom. nov. (E) T. longinoi sp. nov. (F) T. paraztecus sp. nov. (G) T. parvidentatus sp. nov. (H) T. quetzal sp. nov. (I) T. salvini (J) T. terraztecus sp. nov. Colored scale to the left of each map represents elevation in meters. Points in black represent the species named in each subfigure, while points in red represent other members of the species group. Type localities are represented by triangles; if present, types of synonyms are named; non-type localities are represented by circles. Bounding box in inset map shows location of main map. Full-size DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11514/fig-153" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5102451" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5102451/files/figure.png" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">Fig. 153</figureCitation>
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), but individual species appear to have an affinity for nearly discrete elevational ranges when their geographic ranges overlap with other members of the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[823,898,1546,1572]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salvini">
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<emphasis box="[823,898,1546,1572]" italics="true" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">salvini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group.
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<bibRefCitation author="Prebus M." box="[991,1139,1546,1573]" journalOrPublisher="Systematic Entomology" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" pagination="307 - 326" part="46" refId="ref272244" refString="Prebus M. 2021. Phylogenomic species delimitation in the ants of the Temnothorax salvini group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): an integrative approach. Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 307 - 326 DOI 10.1111 / syen. 12463." title="Phylogenomic species delimitation in the ants of the Temnothorax salvini group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): an integrative approach" type="journal article" year="2021">
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<emphasis box="[991,1139,1546,1573]" italics="true" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">Prebus, 2021</emphasis>
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</bibRefCitation>
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illuminated some of the biogeographic history of the salvini group as well: it was inferred to have arisen in the northern part of its current range in habitats associated with contemporary mid-to-high elevations in the Miocene, approximately 13 Ma. Subsequently, the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[1273,1348,1666,1692]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salvini">
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<emphasis box="[1273,1348,1666,1692]" italics="true" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">salvini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group expanded into the southern Central American Cordilleras at the Miocene-Pliocene transition, coinciding with mountain building in that region 8–5 Ma, where today it is represented by
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[498,605,1786,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salvini">
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<emphasis box="[498,605,1786,1812]" italics="true" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">T. salvini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" box="[663,817,1786,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicaulis" status="stat. nov., nom. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[663,817,1786,1812]" italics="true" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">T. longicaulis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[824,1061,1786,1812]" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">stat. nov., nom. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Additionally, the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[1271,1346,1786,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salvini">
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<emphasis box="[1271,1346,1786,1812]" italics="true" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">salvini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group expanded into low elevation habitats during the same transition period, with the widespread
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Wheeler" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[498,612,1866,1891]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aztecus">
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<emphasis box="[498,612,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">T. aztecus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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being the only member of the group inhabiting these habitats today. The nesting habits of the species of the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[821,896,1905,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="357" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salvini">
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<emphasis box="[821,896,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="357" pageNumber="358">salvini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group, where they are known, are almost exclusively arboreal, nesting in vines, under epiphytes, or in dead vegetation suspended in the canopy. The one exception may be
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<taxonomicName authority="Prebus, 2021" authorityName="Prebus" authorityYear="2021" box="[813,970,1489,1514]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="358" pageNumber="359" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="terraztecus" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[813,970,1489,1514]" italics="true" pageId="358" pageNumber="359">T. terraztecus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[977,1069,1489,1515]" pageId="358" pageNumber="359" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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, which has only been collected from leaf litter extractions from a couple of localities. While the species within the
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Forel" baseAuthorityYear="1899" box="[1363,1438,1528,1554]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Temnothorax" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="358" pageNumber="359" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salvini">
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<emphasis box="[1363,1438,1528,1554]" italics="true" pageId="358" pageNumber="359">salvini</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group can be difficult to tease apart morphologically, as a group they are quite distinctive, with long, tapering setae on all surfaces of the body, flat to slightly sinuate mesosomata in profile, and strongly sculptured head and mesosomata.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |