712 lines
77 KiB
XML
712 lines
77 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3744.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9adc0fbd-bcba-43ec-bec8-f5edcb068c1a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5271084" ID-ZooBank="87626EA4-E09D-4203-88B8-7DD6D4719107" approvalRequired="10" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="10" checkinTime="1629943771661" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Hajdu, Eduardo, Desqueyroux-Faúndez, Ruth, Carvalho, Mariana De Souza, Lôbo-Hajdu, Gisele & Willenz, Philippe" docDate="2013" docId="9B6387E2205EFF93FF38FF6AFD2DFD94" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03744p064.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3744 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3744.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.10:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="10" docTitle="Oceanapia spinisphaera Hajdu, Desqueyroux-Faundez, Carvalho, Lobo-Hajdu and Willenz 2013, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="675AFF9A2044FF8EFFAFFFF2FF9DFF87" masterDocTitle="Twelve new Demospongiae (Porifera) from Chilean fjords, with remarks upon sponge-derived biogeographic compartments in the SE Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="64" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1679936974822" updateUser="tatiana">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Twelve new Demospongiae (Porifera) from Chilean fjords, with remarks upon sponge-derived biogeographic compartments in the SE Pacific</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Hajdu, Eduardo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">eduardo.hajdu@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Desqueyroux-Faúndez, Ruth</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ruth.faundez@mhn.ville-ge.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Carvalho, Mariana De Souza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">eduardo.hajdu@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Lôbo-Hajdu, Gisele</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">glhajdu@uerj.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Willenz, Philippe</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">eduardo.hajdu@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2013-12-02</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>3744</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>64</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3744.1.1</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3744.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">9adc0fbd-bcba-43ec-bec8-f5edcb068c1a</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5271084</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">87626EA4-E09D-4203-88B8-7DD6D4719107</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6395034" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194312247" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6395034" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9B6387E2205EFF93FF38FF6AFD2DFD94" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9B6387E2205EFF93FF38FF6AFD2DFD94" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<subSubSection box="[151,1385,152,178]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph blockId="26.[151,1385,152,211]" box="[151,1385,152,178]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<heading bold="true" box="[151,1385,152,178]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="3">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,1385,152,178]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="48BXD" authority="Hajdu, Desqueyroux-Faundez, Carvalho, Lobo-Hajdu and Willenz" authorityName="Hajdu, Desqueyroux-Faundez, Carvalho, Lobo-Hajdu and Willenz" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,1285,152,178]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinisphaera" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,443,152,178]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Oceanapia spinisphaera</emphasis>
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Hajdu, Desqueyroux-Faúndez, Carvalho, Lôbo-Hajdu and Willenz
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1292,1385,152,178]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[151,410,186,211]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[151,1385,152,211]" box="[151,410,186,211]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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(
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<figureCitation box="[159,252,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,249,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[218,1374,196,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-81@11.[218,1374,196,1848]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. In situ photographs of Suberites cranium sp. nov. (A, IZUA-POR 140, paratype), Tethya melinka sp. nov. (B, IZUA-POR 141, holotype), Haliclona caduca sp. nov. (C, IZUA-POR 142, holotype), Oceanapia guaiteca sp. nov. (D, IZUA- POR 144, holotype; E, MNRJ 8975, paratype), Oceanapia spinisphaera sp. nov. (F, RBINSc-IG 32233-POR 9913, holotype). Scale bars: A–B, 5 cm; C, D, F, 2 cm, E, 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5271088" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5271088/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs. 2F</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[264,320,186,211]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="26.[151,249,1728,1750]" captionTargetBox="[175,1419,315,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-190@26.[175,1419,315,1704]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 5. Skeletal architecture and spicule complement of Haliclona (Reniera) caduca sp. nov. (A–B, IZUA-POR 142, holotype), Oceanapia guaiteca sp. nov. (C–E, MNRJ 10927and 10943, paratypes), and Oceanapia spinisphaera sp. nov. (F–I, MHNG 52781, fragment from holotype). H. (R.) caduca sp. nov.: A, skeletal architecture in transverse view; B, spicules. O. guaiteca sp. nov.: C, skeletal architecture in tangential view; D, oxeote and strongylote megascleres; E, sigma microsclere. O. spinisphaera sp. nov.: F, skeletal architecture on tangential view; G, skeletal architecture on transverse view; H, oxeote megascleres; I, sigma microsclere. Scale bars: A, 200 µm; B, D, H, 100 µm; C, F–G, 500 µm; E, I, 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5271094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5271094/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">5F–I</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation box="[331,401,186,211]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="28.[151,241,152,175]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="TABLE 5. Comparative micrometric data on spicule length x width and known distribution for Oceanapia guaiteca sp. nov., O. spinisphaera sp. nov., and the species of Oceanapia occurring in Chile-Peru and additional biogeographic provinces deemed closely related1. Micrometric values for spicules are expressed in µm." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/47B5667C2058FF92FF38FF6AFBDEFF76" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" tableUuid="47B5667C2058FF92FF38FF6AFBDEFF76">Tab. 5</tableCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[151,1285,258,280]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[151,1285,258,280]" box="[151,1285,258,280]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,1285,258,280]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="48BXD" authority="Willenz and Desqueyroux-Faundez (2009" authorityName="Willenz and Desqueyroux-Faundez" authorityYear="2009" box="[151,830,258,280]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinisphaera">
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<emphasis box="[151,399,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Oceanapia spinisphaera</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation author="Willenz and Desqueyroux-Faundez" box="[405,830,258,280]" firstAuthor="Willenz" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="93 - 170" refId="ref47520" refString="Willenz, Ph., Hajdu, E., Desqueyroux-Faundez, R., Lobo-Hajdu, G. & Carvalho, M. (2009) Porifera - Sponges. In: Haussermann, V. & Forstera, G. (Eds.), Marine Benthic Fauna of Chilean Patagonia. Nature in Focus, Santiago de Chile, pp. 93 - 170." type="book chapter" year="2009">Willenz and Desqueyroux-Faúndez (2009</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis box="[841,984,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">nomen nudum</emphasis>
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) in
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<treatmentCitation author="Willenz, Ph. & Hajdu, E. & Desqueyroux-Faundez, R. & Lobo-Hajdu, G. & Carvalho, M." box="[1024,1285,258,280]" page="156" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" year="2009">
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<bibRefCitation author="Willenz" box="[1024,1285,258,280]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Willenz" page="156" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" pagination="93 - 170" refId="ref47520" refString="Willenz, Ph., Hajdu, E., Desqueyroux-Faundez, R., Lobo-Hajdu, G. & Carvalho, M. (2009) Porifera - Sponges. In: Haussermann, V. & Forstera, G. (Eds.), Marine Benthic Fauna of Chilean Patagonia. Nature in Focus, Santiago de Chile, pp. 93 - 170." type="book chapter" year="2009">
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Willenz
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<emphasis box="[1110,1161,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">et al.</emphasis>
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(2009: 156)
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</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5271094" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5271094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5271094/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" startId="26.[151,249,1728,1750]" targetBox="[175,1419,315,1704]" targetPageId="26">
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||
<paragraph blockId="26.[151,1436,1728,1903]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,277,1728,1750]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
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Skeletal architecture and spicule complement of
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<taxonomicName authority="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz, 2013" authorityName="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz" authorityYear="2013" box="[799,1089,1728,1750]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="caduca" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Reniera">
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<emphasis box="[799,1089,1728,1750]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Haliclona (Reniera) caduca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1099,1182,1728,1749]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1099,1182,1728,1749]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(A–B, IZUA-POR 142, holotype),
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<taxonomicName authority="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz, 2013" authorityName="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz" authorityYear="2013" box="[260,465,1758,1780]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="guaiteca" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[260,465,1758,1780]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Oceanapia guaiteca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[472,552,1759,1780]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[472,552,1759,1780]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(C–E, MNRJ 10927and 10943, paratypes), and
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<taxonomicName authority="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz, 2013" authorityName="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz" authorityYear="2013" box="[1044,1292,1758,1780]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinisphaera" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis box="[1044,1292,1758,1780]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Oceanapia spinisphaera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[1298,1379,1759,1780]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1298,1379,1759,1780]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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(F–I, MHNG 52781, fragment from holotype).
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<taxonomicName authority="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz, 2013" authorityName="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz" authorityYear="2013" box="[581,732,1789,1811]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chalinidae" genus="Haliclona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="caduca" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Reniera">
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<emphasis box="[581,732,1789,1811]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">H. (R.) caduca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[740,822,1790,1811]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[740,822,1790,1811]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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: A, skeletal architecture in transverse view; B, spicules.
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<taxonomicName authority="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz, 2013" authorityName="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz" authorityYear="2013" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="guaiteca" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">O. guaiteca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[245,326,1820,1841]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[245,326,1820,1841]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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: C, skeletal architecture in tangential view; D, oxeote and strongylote megascleres; E, sigma microsclere.
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<taxonomicName authority="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz, 2013" authorityName="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz" authorityYear="2013" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinisphaera" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">O. spinisphaera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[293,378,1851,1872]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[293,378,1851,1872]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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: F, skeletal architecture on tangential view; G, skeletal architecture on transverse view; H, oxeote megascleres; I, sigma microsclere. Scale bars: A, 200 µm; B, D, H, 100 µm; C, F–G, 500 µm; E, I, 10 µm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph blockId="26.[151,1437,1940,2037]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,374,1940,1965]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Type material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3743939322" collectingDate="2006-03-09" collectionCode="RBINSc-IG" collectorName=" Ph. Willenz & E. Atwood" elevation="24" location="Chilean Patagonia" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="MHNG 52781" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus box="[381,489,1940,1965]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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<collectionCode box="[500,634,1940,1965]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">RBINSc-IG</collectionCode>
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32233-POR 9913,
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<collectorName box="[854,1050,1940,1965]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Copihue Channel</collectorName>
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(50˚20’23.10’’S–75˚22’39.20’’W,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9B6387E2205EFF93FF38FF6AFD2DFD94:1615602F205EFF94FF38F84AFEF1F856" box="[151,364,1976,2001]" name="Chilean Patagonia" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Chilean Patagonia</location>
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),
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<elevation box="[388,525,1976,2001]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="24.0">
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<quantity box="[388,449,1976,2001]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="m" value="24.0">24 m</quantity>
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depth
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</elevation>
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, coll.
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<collectorName box="[601,737,1976,2001]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Ph. Willenz</collectorName>
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and
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<collectorName box="[800,928,1976,2001]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">E. Atwood</collectorName>
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,
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<date box="[944,1123,1976,2001]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2006-03-09">
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<collectingDate box="[944,1123,1976,2001]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2006-03-09">09 March 2006</collectingDate>
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</date>
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—fragment from
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<typeStatus box="[1330,1432,1976,2001]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
:
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<specimenCode box="[151,317,2012,2037]" collectionCode="MHNG" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="Museum">MHNG 52781</specimenCode>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[150,1438,151,1996]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,321,151,176]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz, 2013" authorityName="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz" authorityYear="2013" box="[327,553,152,175]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="guaiteca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[327,553,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Oceanapia guaiteca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[560,649,151,176]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[560,649,151,176]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is the only species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Norman" authorityYear="1869" box="[895,1018,152,175]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[895,1018,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Oceanapia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the southern (eastern and western) as well as the Tropical and Subtropical eastern Pacific, and the Temperate south-western Atlantic, which is full of rudimentary, radially disposed fistules, and has a single category of oxeote megascleres 200–384 µm long and 2.4– 18 µm thick, as well as a single category of sigmas 15–18 µm long.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[150,1438,151,1996]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,338,295,320]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Description</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[357,444,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,249,1877,1899]" captionTargetBox="[218,1374,196,1848]" captionTargetId="figure-81@11.[218,1374,196,1848]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. In situ photographs of Suberites cranium sp. nov. (A, IZUA-POR 140, paratype), Tethya melinka sp. nov. (B, IZUA-POR 141, holotype), Haliclona caduca sp. nov. (C, IZUA-POR 142, holotype), Oceanapia guaiteca sp. nov. (D, IZUA- POR 144, holotype; E, MNRJ 8975, paratype), Oceanapia spinisphaera sp. nov. (F, RBINSc-IG 32233-POR 9913, holotype). Scale bars: A–B, 5 cm; C, D, F, 2 cm, E, 1 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5271088" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5271088/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 2F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Massive, globular sponge. The single specimen collected (
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1154,1256,295,320]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
) was
|
||
<quantity box="[1329,1402,295,320]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. External surface strongly spiny, covered by short, translucent, fine fistulae (
|
||
<quantity box="[1177,1288,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="cm" value="0.75" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–1 cm</quantity>
|
||
high). Firm consistency. Oscula are scattered and can be larger than
|
||
<quantity box="[783,860,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="cm" value="0.5">0.5 cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. Live-colour is whitish-rose, becoming whitish grey in ethanol.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[150,1438,151,1996]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,302,439,464]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Skeleton</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[319,443,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="26.[151,249,1728,1750]" captionTargetBox="[175,1419,315,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-190@26.[175,1419,315,1704]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 5. Skeletal architecture and spicule complement of Haliclona (Reniera) caduca sp. nov. (A–B, IZUA-POR 142, holotype), Oceanapia guaiteca sp. nov. (C–E, MNRJ 10927and 10943, paratypes), and Oceanapia spinisphaera sp. nov. (F–I, MHNG 52781, fragment from holotype). H. (R.) caduca sp. nov.: A, skeletal architecture in transverse view; B, spicules. O. guaiteca sp. nov.: C, skeletal architecture in tangential view; D, oxeote and strongylote megascleres; E, sigma microsclere. O. spinisphaera sp. nov.: F, skeletal architecture on tangential view; G, skeletal architecture on transverse view; H, oxeote megascleres; I, sigma microsclere. Scale bars: A, 200 µm; B, D, H, 100 µm; C, F–G, 500 µm; E, I, 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5271094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5271094/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 5F–G</figureCitation>
|
||
). Ectosomal, a mostly unispicular reticulation with sparse short paucispicular tracts of oxeas. Sigmas abound in the meshes. Choanosomal skeleton, dense, irregular network of strong multispicular fibres, with irregular or elongate meshes and a dense connecting network of free oxeas and sigmas. The latter are much less common than in the ectosome. Young oxeas are quite common, the smaller of which as thin as raphides. Fistule skeleton formed by longitudinal multispicular tracts of oxeas with irregular elongated meshes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[150,1438,151,1996]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,297,620,645]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation box="[313,439,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="26.[151,249,1728,1750]" captionTargetBox="[175,1419,315,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-190@26.[175,1419,315,1704]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 5. Skeletal architecture and spicule complement of Haliclona (Reniera) caduca sp. nov. (A–B, IZUA-POR 142, holotype), Oceanapia guaiteca sp. nov. (C–E, MNRJ 10927and 10943, paratypes), and Oceanapia spinisphaera sp. nov. (F–I, MHNG 52781, fragment from holotype). H. (R.) caduca sp. nov.: A, skeletal architecture in transverse view; B, spicules. O. guaiteca sp. nov.: C, skeletal architecture in tangential view; D, oxeote and strongylote megascleres; E, sigma microsclere. O. spinisphaera sp. nov.: F, skeletal architecture on tangential view; G, skeletal architecture on transverse view; H, oxeote megascleres; I, sigma microsclere. Scale bars: A, 200 µm; B, D, H, 100 µm; C, F–G, 500 µm; E, I, 10 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5271094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5271094/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs. 5H–I</figureCitation>
|
||
). Megascleres, oxeas, acerate tips, 200–
|
||
<emphasis box="[900,963,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">334.4</emphasis>
|
||
–384 µm long and 2.4–
|
||
<emphasis box="[1228,1277,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">12.3</emphasis>
|
||
–18 µm thick. Microscleres, sigmas, 15–
|
||
<emphasis box="[443,492,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">18.2</emphasis>
|
||
–20 µm long and 1 µm thick.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[150,1438,151,1996]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,498,692,717]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
So far known only from Canal Copihue, Madre de Dios Archipelago,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[1289,1390,692,717]" degrees="50" direction="south" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="925" value="-50.333332">50°20’ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
. On the horizontal bottom among abundant hydrocorals (
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[743,939,728,751]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[743,939,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Errina antarctica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in a cold water coral reef-like structure,
|
||
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="m" value="24.0">24 m</quantity>
|
||
deep.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[150,1438,151,1996]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,334,799,824]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The name ‘spinisphaera’ is derived from the species acanthose (‘spina’, Latin for thorn), spherical habit (‘sphaera’, Latin for sphere).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[150,1438,151,1996]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,315,871,896]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
Our decision to classify the former two new species in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Norman" authorityYear="1869" box="[973,1096,872,895]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[973,1096,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Oceanapia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
rested on their possession of fistulae, albeit quite short in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz, 2013" authorityName="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz" authorityYear="2013" box="[489,671,907,932]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinisphaera" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[489,671,907,932]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">O. spinisphaera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[682,775,907,932]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[682,775,907,932]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, their dense choanosome with conspicuous multispicular tracts intermingled to abundant free oxeas, and the possession of sigmas by both. They are markedly distinct in overall living appearance, but a superficial examination of their spicule content might lead to mistaken identifications of either of the two. Curiously, the possession of a single category of sigmas of similar morphology and dimensions is shared by both, but does not occur in any other
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Norman" authorityYear="1869" box="[943,1066,1050,1073]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[943,1066,1050,1073]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Oceanapia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
considered below. Both can be confidently set apart through the possession by
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz, 2013" authorityName="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz" authorityYear="2013" box="[710,845,1085,1108]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="guaiteca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[710,845,1085,1108]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">O. guaiteca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[855,949,1084,1109]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[855,949,1084,1109]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
of a neatly fistulose habit, where fistules represent an important proportion of the sponge overall diameter, and by its stouter and larger, mostly only gently curved oxeote/strongylote megascleres. On the contrary,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz, 2013" authorityName="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz" authorityYear="2013" box="[810,992,1155,1180]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinisphaera" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[810,992,1155,1180]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">O. spinisphaera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1003,1096,1155,1180]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1003,1096,1155,1180]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
fistules are rudimentary, and albeit abundant, do not represent a major proportion of the sponge’s overall diameter. The latter species also has megascleres which are mostly oxeote, as well as shorter and more slender, and which can be markedly bent, sometimes more than once. A few markedly thinner oxeas observed in this species’
|
||
<typeStatus box="[1113,1211,1262,1287]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
have been partially equated with a second category of oxeas and partially with an additional category of microscleres, raphids, by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Willenz" box="[151,399,1333,1358]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Willenz" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="93 - 170" refId="ref47520" refString="Willenz, Ph., Hajdu, E., Desqueyroux-Faundez, R., Lobo-Hajdu, G. & Carvalho, M. (2009) Porifera - Sponges. In: Haussermann, V. & Forstera, G. (Eds.), Marine Benthic Fauna of Chilean Patagonia. Nature in Focus, Santiago de Chile, pp. 93 - 170." type="book chapter" year="2009">
|
||
Willenz
|
||
<emphasis box="[250,310,1333,1358]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2009)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. We judge now that these are most likely simply rare, young forms of the main oxeote megascleres.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[150,1438,151,1996]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<tableCitation box="[199,281,1404,1429]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="28.[151,241,152,175]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="TABLE 5. Comparative micrometric data on spicule length x width and known distribution for Oceanapia guaiteca sp. nov., O. spinisphaera sp. nov., and the species of Oceanapia occurring in Chile-Peru and additional biogeographic provinces deemed closely related1. Micrometric values for spicules are expressed in µm." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/47B5667C2058FF92FF38FF6AFBDEFF76" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" tableUuid="47B5667C2058FF92FF38FF6AFBDEFF76">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
briefly summarises the descriptive information available for all species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Norman" authorityYear="1869" box="[1115,1238,1404,1427]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1115,1238,1404,1427]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Oceanapia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
hitherto recorded from the South-eastern Pacific, its neighbouring areas, and other areas deemed to have closer historical affinities to it, to which the new species described here are compared with. In total, ten species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Norman" authorityYear="1869" box="[1125,1248,1475,1498]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1125,1248,1475,1498]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Oceanapia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are known from these regions, viz.:
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[394,540,1510,1535]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aberrans">O. aberrans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1924" box="[560,695,1510,1535]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arcifera">O. arcifera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1904" box="[715,878,1510,1535]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bacillifera">O. bacillifera</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Sara" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[897,1067,1511,1534]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="enigmatica">O. enigmatica</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kirkpatrick" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1086,1228,1511,1534]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="eumitum">O. eumitum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[1248,1389,1510,1535]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fistulosa">O. fistulosa</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1914" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kirkpatricki">O. kirkpatricki</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Desqueyroux-Faundez & van Soest" authorityYear="1997" box="[296,446,1546,1569]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microtoxa">O. microtoxa</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1870" box="[457,590,1545,1570]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="oleracea">O. oleracea</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Dickinson" baseAuthorityYear="1945" box="[645,769,1545,1570]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[645,769,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">O. pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Only three of these were described with any microscleres, and given the abundance of these in our material, it is judged unlikely that they might have been overlooked.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1924" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arcifera">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">O. arcifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been described with a category of toxas;
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1914" box="[751,917,1616,1641]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kirkpatricki">
|
||
<emphasis box="[751,917,1616,1641]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">O. kirkpatricki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with two categories of raphides, the largest of which composed of enormous spicules, nearly twice as long as the megascleres; and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Desqueyroux-Faundez & van Soest" authorityYear="1997" box="[1114,1261,1653,1676]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microtoxa">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1114,1261,1653,1676]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">O. microtoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with a diverse set of microscleres comprising three categories of sigmas and two of toxas. None of these species comes minimally close to either new species as judged from their microsclere content.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[150,1438,151,1996]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
The remaining species in
|
||
<tableCitation box="[485,568,1758,1783]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="28.[151,241,152,175]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="TABLE 5. Comparative micrometric data on spicule length x width and known distribution for Oceanapia guaiteca sp. nov., O. spinisphaera sp. nov., and the species of Oceanapia occurring in Chile-Peru and additional biogeographic provinces deemed closely related1. Micrometric values for spicules are expressed in µm." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/47B5667C2058FF92FF38FF6AFBDEFF76" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" tableUuid="47B5667C2058FF92FF38FF6AFBDEFF76">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
do not have microscleres. Given the small set of specimens considered in our descriptions, especially in the case of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz, 2013" authorityName="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz" authorityYear="2013" box="[601,785,1794,1819]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinisphaera" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[601,785,1794,1819]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">O. spinisphaera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[796,890,1794,1819]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[796,890,1794,1819]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, known from a single individual, it cannot be completely ruled out that additional specimens might prove devoid of microscleres. For that reason, the comparison is extended here to the habit and megasclere complement of these. Of the seven remaining species, five can be set apart from the new species described by the further possession of megascleres, which are either too small or too large when contrasted to those in the new species. These are
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[930,1070,1935,1960]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aberrans">O. aberrans</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Sara" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[1084,1247,1936,1959]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="enigmatica">O. enigmatica</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Kirkpatrick" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[1260,1395,1936,1959]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="eumitum">O. eumitum</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="oleracea">O. oleracea</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Dickinson" baseAuthorityYear="1945" box="[303,427,1971,1996]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[303,427,1971,1996]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">O. pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption ID-Table-UUID="47B5667C2058FF92FF38FF6AFBDEFF76" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/47B5667C2058FF92FF38FF6AFBDEFF76" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" startId="28.[151,241,152,175]" targetBox="[159,1420,269,1799]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="28">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="28.[151,1436,152,241]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,268,152,175]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">TABLE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Comparative micrometric data on spicule length x width and known distribution for
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz, 2013" authorityName="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz" authorityYear="2013" box="[1181,1397,152,175]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="guaiteca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1181,1397,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Oceanapia guaiteca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz, 2013" authorityName="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz" authorityYear="2013" box="[215,389,184,207]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinisphaera" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[215,389,184,207]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">O. spinisphaera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[400,489,184,207]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[400,489,184,207]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Norman" authorityYear="1869" box="[719,836,184,207]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[719,836,184,207]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Oceanapia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurring in Chile-Peru and additional biogeographic provinces deemed closely related
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[505,512,216,228]" fontSize="5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">1</superScript>
|
||
. Micrometric values for spicules are expressed in µm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<table box="[159,1420,269,1799]" gridcols="5" gridrows="13" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<tr box="[159,1420,269,383]" gridrow="0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<th box="[159,396,269,383]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Species</th>
|
||
<th box="[417,683,269,383]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Habit</th>
|
||
<th box="[705,932,269,383]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Megascleres o. oxeas, sty. styloids, str. strongyles</th>
|
||
<th box="[958,1164,269,383]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Microscleres s. sigmas, t. toxas,
|
||
<taxonomicName pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="subSpecies" subSpecies="raphides">r. raphides</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th box="[1191,1420,269,383]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Distribution n. northern, w. western, c. central, ne. north-eastern</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[159,1420,402,516]" gridrow="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<th box="[159,396,402,516]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz, 2013" authorityName="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz" authorityYear="2013" box="[159,277,402,424]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="guaiteca" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[159,277,402,424]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">O. guaiteca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[283,364,403,424]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[283,364,403,424]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[417,683,402,516]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">massive, globular, 2–4 cm diam., abund. fistulae, up to 3 cm long, oscula not seen</td>
|
||
<td box="[705,932,402,516]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
o. (sty., str.) 330–
|
||
<emphasis box="[881,919,402,424]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">407</emphasis>
|
||
– 465 x 10–
|
||
<emphasis box="[806,850,433,455]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">18.4</emphasis>
|
||
–30
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[958,1164,402,516]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
s. 15–
|
||
<emphasis box="[1019,1063,402,424]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">17.3</emphasis>
|
||
–23
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1191,1420,402,516]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Chilean Fjords Region (ca. 44ºS)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[159,1420,536,650]" gridrow="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<th box="[159,396,536,650]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz, 2013" authorityName="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Carvalho & Lôbo-Hajdu & Willenz" authorityYear="2013" box="[159,321,536,558]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="spinisphaera" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[159,321,536,558]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">O. spinisphaera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(holotype)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[417,683,536,650]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">massive, globular, 10 cm diam., abund. fistulae, 0.5–1 cm long, oscula scattered</td>
|
||
<td box="[705,932,536,650]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
o. 200–
|
||
<emphasis box="[781,838,536,558]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">334.4</emphasis>
|
||
–384 x 2.4–
|
||
<emphasis box="[749,793,566,588]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">12.3</emphasis>
|
||
–18
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[958,1164,536,650]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
s. 15–
|
||
<emphasis box="[1019,1063,536,558]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">18.2</emphasis>
|
||
–20
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1191,1420,536,650]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Chilean Fjords Region (ca. 50ºS)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[159,1420,669,752]" gridrow="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th box="[159,396,669,752]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Dendy, 1924)" baseAuthorityName="Dendy" baseAuthorityYear="1924" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="aberrans">
|
||
<emphasis box="[159,281,669,691]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">O. aberrans</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dendy" firstAuthor="Dendy" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="269 - 392" refId="ref40870" refString="Dendy, A. (1924) Porifera. Part I. Non - Antarctic sponges. Natural History Report. British Antarctic (' Terra Nova') Expedition, 1910 (Zoology), 6 (3), 269 - 392, pls I - XV." type="journal article" year="1924">Dendy, 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(orig. descr.)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[417,683,669,752]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">short, subcylind., tapering above into long, slender, thin-walled fistulae</td>
|
||
<td box="[705,932,669,752]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">o. 250 x 13</td>
|
||
<td box="[1191,1420,669,752]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">n. New Zealand</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[159,1420,772,824]" gridrow="4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<th box="[159,396,772,824]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Dendy, 1924" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1924" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="arcifera">
|
||
<emphasis box="[159,271,772,794]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">O. arcifera</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dendy" firstAuthor="Dendy" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="269 - 392" refId="ref40870" refString="Dendy, A. (1924) Porifera. Part I. Non - Antarctic sponges. Natural History Report. British Antarctic (' Terra Nova') Expedition, 1910 (Zoology), 6 (3), 269 - 392, pls I - XV." type="journal article" year="1924">Dendy, 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(orig. descr.)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[417,683,772,824]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">thin-walled fistula</td>
|
||
<td box="[705,932,772,824]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">o. 240 x 8</td>
|
||
<td box="[958,1164,772,824]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">t. 80 x 3</td>
|
||
<td box="[1191,1420,772,824]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">n. New Zealand</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[159,1420,844,896]" gridrow="5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th box="[159,396,844,896]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Wilson, 1904" authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1904" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bacillifera">
|
||
<emphasis box="[159,296,844,866]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">O. bacillifera</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wilson" firstAuthor="Wilson" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 164" refId="ref47588" refString="Wilson, H. V. (1904) Reports on an Exploration off the West Coasts of Mexico, Central and South America, and off the Galapagos Islands, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U. S. Fish Commission Steamer ' Albatross' during 1891, Lieut. Commander Z. L. Tanner, U. S. S., commanding. XXX. The Sponges. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 30 (1), 1 - 164, pls. 161 - 126." type="journal article" year="1904">Wilson, 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(orig. descr.)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[417,683,844,896]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">tube/fistule</td>
|
||
<td box="[705,932,844,896]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">str. 360–380 x 24</td>
|
||
<td box="[1191,1420,844,896]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Galápagos Islands</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[159,1420,916,968]" gridrow="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th box="[159,396,916,968]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Sara, 1978)" baseAuthorityName="Sara" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="enigmatica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[159,302,916,938]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">O. enigmatica</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Sara" firstAuthor="Sara" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="7 - 117" refId="ref45620" refString="Sara, M. (1978) Demospongie di acque superficiali della Terra del Fuoco (Spedizioni AMF Mares - GRSTS e SAI). Bollettino dei Musei e degli Istituti Biologici della (R.) Universita di Genova, 46, 7 - 117." type="journal article" year="1978">Sarà, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(orig. descr.)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[417,683,916,968]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">broken tube</td>
|
||
<td box="[705,932,916,968]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">o. I, 200–220 x 8–10 o. II, 160–200 x 6–8</td>
|
||
<td box="[1191,1420,916,968]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Magellan region</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[159,1420,988,1132]" gridrow="7" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th box="[159,396,988,1132]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Kirkpatrick, 1903)" baseAuthorityName="Kirkpatrick" baseAuthorityYear="1903" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="eumitum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[159,277,988,1010]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">O. eumitum</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kirkpatrick" box="[165,349,1018,1040]" firstAuthor="Kirkpatrick" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="233 - 264" refId="ref43236" refString="Kirkpatrick, R. (1903) Descriptions of South African Sponges. Part III. Marine Investigations in South Africa, 2 (14), 233 - 264, pls V - VI." type="journal article" year="1903">Kirkpatrick, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(orig. descr.)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[417,683,988,1132]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">club-shaped, w. expand., flattened upper end, w. many circ. oscula, each subdiv. by partitions and w. raised rims</td>
|
||
<td box="[705,932,988,1132]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">o. 190 x 9</td>
|
||
<td box="[1191,1420,988,1132]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">South Africa and subantarctic islands</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[159,1420,1152,1266]" gridrow="8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th box="[159,396,1152,1266]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Bowerbank, 1873)" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1873" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fistulosa">
|
||
<emphasis box="[159,276,1152,1174]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">O. fistulosa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bowerbank" box="[166,349,1182,1204]" firstAuthor="Bowerbank" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="3 - 25" refId="ref39189" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1873) Contributions to a General History of the Spongiadae. Part IV. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1873, 3 - 25, pls I - IV." type="journal article" year="1873">Bowerbank, 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dendy" box="[230,356,1213,1235]" firstAuthor="Dendy" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="269 - 392" refId="ref40870" refString="Dendy, A. (1924) Porifera. Part I. Non - Antarctic sponges. Natural History Report. British Antarctic (' Terra Nova') Expedition, 1910 (Zoology), 6 (3), 269 - 392, pls I - XV." type="journal article" year="1924">Dendy 1924</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[417,683,1152,1266]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">elongated, irreg. curved, thin-walled, cylind. fistulae; fragments up to 70 mm long</td>
|
||
<td box="[705,932,1152,1266]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">o. 300 x 17</td>
|
||
<td box="[1191,1420,1152,1266]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Indo-west Pacific</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[159,1420,1285,1368]" gridrow="9" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<th box="[159,396,1285,1368]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hentschel, 1914" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1914" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="kirkpatricki">
|
||
<emphasis box="[159,308,1285,1307]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">O. kirkpatricki</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hentschel" box="[159,324,1316,1338]" firstAuthor="Hentschel" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="35 - 141" refId="ref42694" refString="Hentschel, E. (1914) Monaxone Kieselschwamme und Hornschwamme der Deutschen Sudpolar - Expedition 1901 - 1903. Deutsche Sudpolar - Expedition, 1901 - 03, 15 (1), 35 - 141, pls IV - VIII." type="journal article" year="1914">Hentschel, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(orig. descr.)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[417,683,1285,1368]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">7 mm fistules</td>
|
||
<td box="[705,932,1285,1368]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">o. 376–408 x 10 sty. 360–464 x 30–35</td>
|
||
<td box="[958,1164,1285,1368]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">r. I, 640–760 x 3–4 r. II, 88–136 x 1–2</td>
|
||
<td box="[1191,1420,1285,1368]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Antarctica</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[159,1420,1388,1532]" gridrow="10" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<th box="[159,396,1388,1532]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Desqueyroux-Faundez & van Soest, 1997" authorityName="Desqueyroux-Faundez & van Soest" authorityYear="1997" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="microtoxa">
|
||
<emphasis box="[159,292,1388,1410]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">O. microtoxa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Desqueyroux-Faundez & van Soest" box="[159,388,1418,1471]" firstAuthor="Desqueyroux-Faundez" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="379 - 467" refId="ref41277" refString="Desqueyroux-Faundez, R. & van Soest, R. W. M. (1997) Shallow waters Demosponges of the Galapagos Islands. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 104 (2), 379 - 467." type="journal article" year="1997">Desqueyroux-Faúndez & van Soest, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(orig. descr.)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[417,683,1388,1532]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">cushion-shaped or turnip- shaped, fistulae (?) 6–10 mm diam.</td>
|
||
<td box="[705,932,1388,1532]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
o. 290–
|
||
<emphasis box="[781,819,1388,1410]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">407</emphasis>
|
||
–549 x 8–
|
||
<emphasis box="[705,730,1418,1440]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">14</emphasis>
|
||
–16
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[958,1164,1388,1532]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
s. I, 70–
|
||
<emphasis box="[1040,1065,1388,1410]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">96</emphasis>
|
||
–122 s. II, 34–
|
||
<emphasis box="[1048,1073,1418,1440]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">44</emphasis>
|
||
–61 s. III, 11–
|
||
<emphasis box="[1056,1081,1449,1471]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">19</emphasis>
|
||
–29 t. I, 70 x 4 t. II, 10 x 6 (rare)
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td box="[1191,1420,1388,1532]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Galápagos Islands</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[159,1420,1552,1696]" gridrow="11" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th box="[159,396,1552,1696]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Schmidt, 1870)" baseAuthorityName="Schmidt" baseAuthorityYear="1870" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="oleracea">
|
||
<emphasis box="[159,279,1552,1574]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">O. oleracea</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schmidt" firstAuthor="Schmidt" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 88" refId="ref45963" refString="Schmidt, O. (1870) Grundzuge einer Spongien - Fauna des atlantischen Gebietes. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, iii - iv, 1 - 88, pls I - VI pp." type="book chapter" year="1870">Schmidt, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis box="[233,289,1583,1604]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
Sim & Bakus 1986, apud
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Desqueyroux-Faundez & van Soest" box="[159,388,1644,1696]" firstAuthor="Desqueyroux-Faundez" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="379 - 467" refId="ref41277" refString="Desqueyroux-Faundez, R. & van Soest, R. W. M. (1997) Shallow waters Demosponges of the Galapagos Islands. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 104 (2), 379 - 467." type="journal article" year="1997">Desqueyroux-Faúndez & van Soest 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[705,932,1552,1696]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">o. 70–110</td>
|
||
<td box="[1191,1420,1552,1696]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">California</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr box="[159,1420,1716,1799]" gridrow="12" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rowspan-3="1">
|
||
<th box="[159,396,1716,1799]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Dickinson, 1945)" baseAuthorityName="Dickinson" baseAuthorityYear="1945" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="pacifica">
|
||
<emphasis box="[159,271,1716,1738]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">O. pacifica</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dickinson" firstAuthor="Dickinson" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 55" refId="ref41382" refString="Dickinson, M. G. (1945) Sponges of the Gulf of California. In: Reports on the collections obtained by Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions of Velero III off the coast of Mexico, Central America, South America, and Galapagos Islands in 1932, in 1933, in 1934, in 1935, in 1936, in 1937, in 1939, and 1940. [Allan Hancock Pacific Expedition, 11 (1), 1 - 55, pls 51 - 97.]" type="journal article" year="1945">Dickinson, 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(orig. descr.)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td box="[417,683,1716,1799]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">oscular chimneys 30 x 5– 10 mm, white alive</td>
|
||
<td box="[705,932,1716,1799]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">o. 1300 x 30 + rare, longer, thinner ones</td>
|
||
<td box="[1191,1420,1716,1799]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">California</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="28.[151,1436,1832,1889]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<superScript attach="left" box="[151,158,1832,1844]" fontSize="5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">1</superScript>
|
||
Temperate South America, Southern Oceans, Tropical Eastern Pacific,
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[946,1095,1834,1857]" name="New Zealand" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and the southern sector of the Temperate Northern Pacific (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Spalding" box="[460,681,1866,1889]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Spalding" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="573 - 583" refId="ref46115" refString="Spalding, M. D., Fox, H. E., Allen, G. R., Davidson, N., Ferdana, Z. A., Finlayson, M., Halpern, B. S., Jorge, M. A., Lombana, A., Lourie, S. A., Martin, K. D., McManus, E., Molnar, J., Recchia, C. A. & Robertson, J. (2007) Marine ecoregions of the world: a bioregionalization of coastal and shelf areas. BioScience, 57 (7), 573 - 583. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1641 / b 570707" type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Spalding
|
||
<emphasis box="[564,617,1866,1889]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="28.[151,1436,1930,2026]" lastBlockId="29.[151,1436,151,531]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1904" box="[199,445,1930,1955]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bacillifera">
|
||
<emphasis box="[199,445,1930,1955]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Oceanapia bacillifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[499,628,1930,1955]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fistulosa">
|
||
<emphasis box="[499,628,1930,1955]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">O. fistulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
require a closer inspection. The first of these, originally reported from a few broken off fragments, has a fistulose habit where fistules may reach over
|
||
<quantity box="[1024,1103,1966,1991]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
in width, and is likely a form similar to that described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bowerbank" box="[466,677,2001,2026]" firstAuthor="Bowerbank" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="3 - 25" refId="ref39189" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1873) Contributions to a General History of the Spongiadae. Part IV. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1873, 3 - 25, pls I - IV." type="journal article" year="1873">Bowerbank (1873)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
for
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[725,855,2001,2026]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fistulosa">
|
||
<emphasis box="[725,855,2001,2026]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">O. fistulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These sponges, albeit of different species, are also abundant on the north-eastern Brazilian shelf where they exhibit a somewhat psammobyontic habit, with a nearly spherical body variably embedded in the sandy bottom, the fistules pointing mostly upwards beyond the sand. This is a totally different life-strategy to both described new species, which are typically rocky-bottom dwellers, possibly adapted to very slight silting. This life strategy is also observed in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Carter, 1882)" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[991,1355,258,283]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="isodictyiformis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[991,1191,258,283]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">O. isodictyiformis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carter" box="[1205,1347,258,283]" firstAuthor="Carter" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="106 - 125" refId="ref39814" refString="Carter, H. J. (1882) New Sponges, Observations on old ones, and a proposed New Group. Annals and Magazine of Natural History (5), 10 (55), 106 - 125. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938209459681" type="journal article" year="1882">Carter, 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(George & Wilson, 1919)" baseAuthorityName="George & Wilson" baseAuthorityYear="1919" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="nodosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">O. nodosa</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="George & Wilson" box="[247,522,293,318]" firstAuthor="George" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="129 - 179" refId="ref41762" refString="George, W. C. & Wilson, H. V. (1919) Sponges of Beaufort (N. C.) Harbor and Vicinity. Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries. Washington, 36, 129 - 179, pls LVI - LXVI." type="journal article" year="1919">George & Wilson, 1919</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as illustrated in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="de Weerdt" box="[723,920,293,318]" firstAuthor="de Weerdt" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="61 - 91" refId="ref40670" refString="de Weerdt, W. H. (1985) A systematic revision of the North Eastern Atlantic shallow - water Haplosclerida (Porifera, Demospongiae), Part 1: Introduction, Oceanapiidae and Petrosiidae. Beaufortia, 35 (5), 61 - 91." type="journal article" year="1985">de Weerdt (1985)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Muricy and Ribeiro" box="[976,1283,293,318]" firstAuthor="Muricy" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="47 - 60" refId="ref44565" refString="Muricy, G. & Ribeiro, S. M. (1999) Shallow - water Haplosclerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) from Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil (Southwestern Atlantic). Beaufortia, 49 (6), 47 - 60." type="journal article" year="1999">Muricy and Ribeiro (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, respectively. On top of its distinct habit, if only for the stouter fistules,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wilson" authorityYear="1904" box="[827,980,329,354]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bacillifera">
|
||
<emphasis box="[827,980,329,354]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">O. bacillifera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has strongyles as the sole megascleres, alike the Tropical western Atlantic species
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(de Laubenfels, 1934)" baseAuthorityName="de Laubenfels" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[648,1040,364,389]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bartschi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[648,777,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">O. bartschi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="de Laubenfels" box="[794,1032,364,389]" firstAuthor="de Laubenfels" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 28" refId="ref40543" refString="de Laubenfels, M. W. (1934) New sponges from the Puerto Rican deep. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 91 (17), 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1934">de Laubenfels, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a trait that could point to another Transisthmian syster-pair (cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=", van Soest & Hooper 1993" authorityName="van Soest & Hooper" authorityYear="1993" box="[500,979,400,425]" class="Demospongiae" family="Rhabderemiidae" genus="Rhabderemia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Biemnida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[500,650,400,425]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Rhabderemia</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="van Soest & Hooper" box="[668,979,400,425]" firstAuthor="van Soest" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="319 - 351" refId="ref47358" refString="Van Soest, R. W. M. & Hooper, J. N. A. (1993) Taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography of the marine sponge genus Rhabderemia Topsent, 1890 (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida). In: Uriz, M. - J. & Rutzler, K. (Eds.), Recent Advances in Ecology and Systematics of Sponges. Scientia Marina, 57 (4), 319 - 351." type="journal article" year="1993">van Soest & Hooper 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faundez" box="[995,1431,400,425]" firstAuthor="Hajdu" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="377 - 395" refId="ref42232" refString="Hajdu, E. & Desqueyroux-Faundez, R. (2008) A reassessment of the phylogeny and biogeography of Rhabderemia Topsent, 1890 (Rhabderemiidae, Poecilosclerida, Demospongiae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 115 (2), 377 - 395." type="journal article" year="2008">Hajdu & Desqueyroux-Faúndez 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=", Carvalho 2008" authorityName="Carvalho" authorityYear="2008" box="[151,450,435,460]" class="Demospongiae" family="Ancorinidae" genus="Asteropus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[151,262,436,459]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Asteropus</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Carvalho" box="[280,450,435,460]" firstAuthor="Carvalho" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 282" refId="ref39967" refString="Carvalho, M. S. (2008) Revisao taxonomica de Astrophorida e Halichondrida do Chile (Demospongiae, Porifera), filogenia e biogeografia de Asteropus (Ancorinidae; Astrophorida) com uma discussao acerca das rotas Trans-Pacificas. PhD Thesis, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro, pp. i - xxii, 1 - 282." type="journal article" year="2008">Carvalho 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1873" box="[462,595,435,460]" class="Demospongiae" family="Phloeodictyidae" genus="Oceanapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Haplosclerida" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fistulosa">
|
||
<emphasis box="[462,595,435,460]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">O. fistulosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a markedly distinct habit and oxeote megascleres which are rather smaller than those found in both new species—300 µm long in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Dendy" box="[862,1019,471,496]" firstAuthor="Dendy" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="269 - 392" refId="ref40870" refString="Dendy, A. (1924) Porifera. Part I. Non - Antarctic sponges. Natural History Report. British Antarctic (' Terra Nova') Expedition, 1910 (Zoology), 6 (3), 269 - 392, pls I - XV." type="journal article" year="1924">Dendy (1924)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and only 180–233 µm long, as made out from
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Bergquist and Warne's" box="[255,584,506,531]" firstAuthor="Bergquist" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 77" refId="ref38942" refString="Bergquist, P. R. & Warne, K. P. (1980) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Porifera, Demospongiae, Part 3 (Haplosclerida and Nepheliospongida). New Zealand Oceanographic Institute Memoir, 87, 1 - 77." type="journal article" year="1980">Bergquist and Warne’s (1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Pl. 11c).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |