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<document id="A44548DD31D8D86CFF9AD4B3D47B44F2" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4019.1.22" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c3c2833b-50f1-4395-b051-13cb324b20a1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="235906" ID-ZooBank="88F2DB05-58C4-4726-89D5-99302FABB908" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461266665906" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Radashevsky, Vasily I." docDate="2015" docId="5E51D737FFD5FFA8FF4AA5FB1B3EFD46" docLanguage="en" docName="zt04019p694.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4019 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Dipolydora armata Langerhans 1880" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="645" masterDocId="A268AF4FFFDDFFA2FFDDA13E1870FFB6" masterDocTitle="Spionidae (Annelida) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia: the genera Aonides, Dipolydora, Polydorella, Prionospio, Pseudopolydora, Rhynchospio, and Tripolydora" masterLastPageNumber="694" masterPageNumber="635" pageNumber="643" updateTime="1698610599341" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="C4C0AEC8700F0B31087846882A345F5B">Spionidae (Annelida) from Lizard Island, Great Barrier Reef, Australia: the genera Aonides, Dipolydora, Polydorella, Prionospio, Pseudopolydora, Rhynchospio, and Tripolydora</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6969FC402C66F2E12D75DE60926B0780">Radashevsky, Vasily I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="0D6083D8E6530B012A16AD5F62E72F05">2015</mods:date>
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<treatment id="5E51D737FFD5FFA8FF4AA5FB1B3EFD46" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4658132" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119637779" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4658132" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E51D737FFD5FFA8FF4AA5FB1B3EFD46" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E51D737FFD5FFA8FF4AA5FB1B3EFD46" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="645" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">
<subSubSection id="9EE235AAFFD5FFAAFF4AA5FB189BFAB6" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D6476621FFD5FFAAFF4AA5FB1A04FB69" blockId="8.[151,628,1221,1280]" box="[151,628,1221,1247]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">
<heading id="8D0FD14DFFD5FFAAFF4AA5FB1A04FB69" bold="true" box="[151,628,1221,1247]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFD5FFAAFF4AA5FB1A04FB69" ID-CoL="36PYG" authority="Langerhans, 1880" authorityName="Langerhans" authorityYear="1880" box="[151,628,1221,1247]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="armata">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD5FFAAFF4AA5FB1A04FB69" bold="true" box="[151,628,1221,1247]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD5FFAAFF4AA5FB190BFB69" bold="true" box="[151,379,1221,1247]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">Dipolydora armata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD5FFAAFE57A5FB1A1CFB69" author="Langerhans" box="[394,620,1221,1247]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" refString="Langerhans, P. (1880) Die Wurmfauna von Madeira. III. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 34, 87 - 143." type="journal article" year="1880">Langerhans, 1880</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFD5FFAAFF4AA5D9189BFAB6" blockId="8.[151,628,1221,1280]" box="[151,235,1255,1280]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">
(
<figureCitation id="4EC37AA4FFD5FFAAFF42A5D91892FAB6" box="[159,226,1255,1280]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1628,1650]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1606]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[188,1398,193,1606]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dipolydora armata AM W. 45506. A. Left side of chaetigers 2 – 6 in ventral view; B. Right side of chaetiger 5 in ventral view; C. Bidentate hooded hooks and inferior capillary from a medium neuropodium, left side in rear view; D. Bidentate hooded hooks, alternating capillary and an inferior capillary from a posterior neuropodium, left side in rear view; E. Posterior chaetiger showing broken bundle of twisted awl-like spines; F. Posterior chaetiger showing intact notopodial bundle of awl-like spines occupying most of space of the chaetiger. Abbreviations: al—alternating capillary, ho—hooded hooks, inventral inferior capillary, la—lateral tooth, ve—ventral capillary chaetae. Scale bars: A, E, F— 20 µm; B – D— 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/235911/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EE235AAFFD5FFAAFF4AA40E1B5DFA14" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="D6476621FFD5FFAAFF4AA40E1DECFAD2" blockId="8.[151,1436,1328,1442]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="F6E8410FFFD5FFAAFF4AA40E1DECFAD2" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFD5FFAAFF4AA40E1A56FAF0" ID-CoL="4L62H" authority="Langerhans, 1880: 93" authorityName="Langerhans" authorityPageNumber="93" authorityYear="1880" box="[151,550,1328,1350]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="armata">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD5FFAAFF4AA40E1934FAF0" box="[151,324,1328,1350]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">Polydora armata</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="57594030FFD5FFAAFE96A40E1A56FAF0" author="Langerhans" box="[331,550,1328,1350]" page="93" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" year="1880">
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD5FFAAFE96A40E1A73FAF0" author="Langerhans" box="[331,515,1328,1350]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" refString="Langerhans, P. (1880) Die Wurmfauna von Madeira. III. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 34, 87 - 143." type="journal article" year="1880">Langerhans, 1880</bibRefCitation>
: 93
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
–94, pl. 4, fig. 5a–c;
<treatmentCitation id="57594030FFD5FFAAFD24A40E1C6EFAF0" author="Blake" box="[761,1054,1328,1350]" page="255" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD5FFAAFD24A40E1B9EFAF0" author="Blake" box="[761,1006,1328,1350]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" refString="Blake, J. A. &amp; Kudenov, J. D. (1978) The Spionidae (Polychaeta) from southeastern Australia and adjacent areas with a revision of the genera. Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria, 39, 171 - 280." type="journal article" year="1978">Blake &amp; Kudenov 1978</bibRefCitation>
: 255
</treatmentCitation>
–258, fig. 43a–e.
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFD5FFAAFF4AA470192CFAD3" ID-CoL="36PYG" box="[151,348,1358,1381]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="armata">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD5FFAAFF4AA470192CFAD3" box="[151,348,1358,1381]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">Dipolydora armata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD5FFAAFEA7A4701980FAD2" author="Blake" box="[378,496,1358,1380]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" refString="Blake, J. A. (1996) Family Spionidae Grube, 1850. Including a review of the genera and species from California and a revision of the genus Polydora Bosc, 1802. In: Blake, J. A., Hilbig, B. &amp; Scott, P. H. (Eds.), Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel. Vol. 6. The Annelida Part 3 - Polychaeta: Orbiniidae to Cossuridae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, California, pp. 81 - 223." type="book chapter" year="1996">Blake 1996</bibRefCitation>
(Part.): 196–198, fig. 4.36;
<treatmentCitation id="57594030FFD5FFAAFCD3A4701BDCFAD2" author="Bick" box="[782,940,1358,1380]" page="178" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD5FFAAFCD3A4701B0BFAD2" author="Bick" box="[782,891,1358,1380]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" refString="Bick, A. (2001) The morphology and ecology of Dipolydora armata (Polychaeta, Spionidae) from the western Mediterranean Sea. Acta Zoologica, 82, 177 - 187. [Stockholm] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1463 - 6395.2001.00078. x" type="journal article" year="2001">Bick 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 178
</treatmentCitation>
–186, figs. 1–7;
<treatmentCitation id="57594030FFD5FFAAFB8EA4701D6DFAD2" author="Williams" box="[1107,1309,1358,1380]" page="438" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD5FFAAFB8EA4701C9BFAD2" author="Williams" box="[1107,1259,1358,1380]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" refString="Williams, J. D. (2001) Polydora and related genera associated with hermit crabs from the Indo-West Pacific (Polydora: Spionidae), with descriptions of two new species and a second polydorid egg predator of hermit crabs. Pacific Science, 55, 429 - 565. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1353 / psc. 2001.0037" type="journal article" year="2001">Williams 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 438
</treatmentCitation>
–442, figs 5,
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFD5FFAAFF1AA4531B5DFA14" blockId="8.[151,1436,1328,1442]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">
6;
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD5FFAAFF3CA4531A51FA35" author="Radashevsky" box="[225,545,1389,1411]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" refString="Radashevsky, V. I. &amp; Nogueira, J. M. M. (2003) Life history, morphology and distribution of Dipolydora armata (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 83, 375 - 384. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315403007227 h" type="book chapter" year="2003">Radashevsky &amp; Nogueira 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 377–381, figs 1–7;
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD5FFAAFD2DA4531B95FA35" author="Sato-Okoshi" box="[752,997,1389,1411]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W., Okoshi, K. &amp; Shaw, J. (2008) Polydorid species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in south-western Australian waters with special reference to Polydora uncinata and Boccardia knoxi. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88, 491 - 501. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315408000842" type="journal article" year="2008">
Sato-Okoshi
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD5FFAAFCA8A4501BD1FA35" box="[885,929,1389,1411]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">et al</emphasis>
. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
: 495–496, fig. 4.
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFD5FFAAFF4AA4B2190BFA14" ID-CoL="36PYG" box="[151,379,1420,1442]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="armata">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD5FFAAFF4AA4B2197CFA14" box="[151,268,1420,1442]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">Dipolydora</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD5FFAAFEEFA4B3190BFA14" box="[306,379,1421,1442]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">armata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD5FFAAFE44A4B21AABFA14" author="Radashevsky" box="[409,731,1420,1442]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" refString="Radashevsky, V. I. &amp; Fauchald, K. (2000) Chaetal arrangement and homology in spionids (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Bulletin of Marine Science, 67, 13 - 23." type="book chapter" year="2000">Radashevsky &amp; Fauchald 2000</bibRefCitation>
: fig.
<specimenCount id="C0FEADA8FFD5FFAAFCD0A4B21B5DFA14" box="[781,813,1420,1442]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" type="generic">6F.</specimenCount>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EE235AAFFD5FFABFF4AA4F01A3CF856" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="644" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D6476621FFD5FFAAFF4AA4F01D5AFA51" blockId="8.[151,1437,1486,1979]" box="[151,1322,1486,1511]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD5FFAAFF4AA4F01A6EFA51" bold="true" box="[151,542,1486,1511]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">Material examined. Queensland:</emphasis>
AM W.45506, MI QLD 2447 (20);
<collectionCode id="B0E9FEE4FFD5FFAAFC6FA4F11C70FA50" box="[946,1024,1487,1510]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/063z-3mpp" name="Museum of the Institute of Marine Biology" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">MIMB</collectionCode>
28114, MI QLD 2447 (7).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFD5FFAAFF1AA4CC196FF9E5" blockId="8.[151,1437,1486,1979]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD5FFAAFF1AA4CC19DAF9BD" bold="true" box="[199,426,1522,1547]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">Adult morphology.</emphasis>
Up to
<quantity id="1100CBC4FFD5FFAAFE24A4CC1A21F9BC" box="[505,593,1522,1547]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="1100CBC4FFD5FFAAFD44A4CD1A80F9BC" box="[665,752,1523,1547]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="643" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
wide for 30 chaetigers. Body and palp pigmentation absent. Prostomium incised anteriorly, extending posteriorly to end of chaetiger 2 as a low caruncle. Occipital antenna and eyes absent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFD5FFAAFF1AA7601C8BF909" blockId="8.[151,1437,1486,1979]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">
Chaetiger 1 with capillaries and small postchaetal lamellae in both rami. Winged notopodial capillaries gradually becoming longer, thinner and less numerous along midbody chaetigers. Notopodia from chaetigers 18– 24 onwards with up to three thin alimbate capillaries and 15 awl-like spines in a bundle (
<figureCitation id="4EC37AA4FFD5FFAAFBA4A7981CCCF909" box="[1145,1212,1702,1727]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1628,1650]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1606]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[188,1398,193,1606]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dipolydora armata AM W. 45506. A. Left side of chaetigers 2 – 6 in ventral view; B. Right side of chaetiger 5 in ventral view; C. Bidentate hooded hooks and inferior capillary from a medium neuropodium, left side in rear view; D. Bidentate hooded hooks, alternating capillary and an inferior capillary from a posterior neuropodium, left side in rear view; E. Posterior chaetiger showing broken bundle of twisted awl-like spines; F. Posterior chaetiger showing intact notopodial bundle of awl-like spines occupying most of space of the chaetiger. Abbreviations: al—alternating capillary, ho—hooded hooks, inventral inferior capillary, la—lateral tooth, ve—ventral capillary chaetae. Scale bars: A, E, F— 20 µm; B – D— 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/235911/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
E, F).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFD5FFAAFF1AA7F41932F8F9" blockId="8.[151,1437,1486,1979]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">
Chaetiger 5 with up to three dorsal superior winged capillaries, two heavy falcate spines, and four ventral winged capillaries (
<figureCitation id="4EC37AA4FFD5FFAAFEA6A7D019B1F8B1" box="[379,449,1774,1799]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1628,1650]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1606]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[188,1398,193,1606]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dipolydora armata AM W. 45506. A. Left side of chaetigers 2 – 6 in ventral view; B. Right side of chaetiger 5 in ventral view; C. Bidentate hooded hooks and inferior capillary from a medium neuropodium, left side in rear view; D. Bidentate hooded hooks, alternating capillary and an inferior capillary from a posterior neuropodium, left side in rear view; E. Posterior chaetiger showing broken bundle of twisted awl-like spines; F. Posterior chaetiger showing intact notopodial bundle of awl-like spines occupying most of space of the chaetiger. Abbreviations: al—alternating capillary, ho—hooded hooks, inventral inferior capillary, la—lateral tooth, ve—ventral capillary chaetae. Scale bars: A, E, F— 20 µm; B – D— 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/235911/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
A, B). Falcate spines with central main fang, large lateral tooth and apical structure appearing as wide cowling or third tooth on convex side of main fang; numerous fine bristles present on basis of teeth (
<figureCitation id="4EC37AA4FFD5FFAAFF00A6081950F8F9" box="[221,288,1846,1871]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1628,1650]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1606]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[188,1398,193,1606]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dipolydora armata AM W. 45506. A. Left side of chaetigers 2 – 6 in ventral view; B. Right side of chaetiger 5 in ventral view; C. Bidentate hooded hooks and inferior capillary from a medium neuropodium, left side in rear view; D. Bidentate hooded hooks, alternating capillary and an inferior capillary from a posterior neuropodium, left side in rear view; E. Posterior chaetiger showing broken bundle of twisted awl-like spines; F. Posterior chaetiger showing intact notopodial bundle of awl-like spines occupying most of space of the chaetiger. Abbreviations: al—alternating capillary, ho—hooded hooks, inventral inferior capillary, la—lateral tooth, ve—ventral capillary chaetae. Scale bars: A, E, F— 20 µm; B – D— 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/235911/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFD5FFAAFF1AA6641AB4F80D" blockId="8.[151,1437,1486,1979]" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">
Hooks in neuropodia from chaetiger 7, up to three in a series, accompanied by 1–2 inferior capillaries throughout body and 1–3 alternating capillaries in 5–10 posterior chaetigers (
<figureCitation id="4EC37AA4FFD5FFAAFBD4A6401C3DF821" box="[1033,1101,1918,1943]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1628,1650]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1606]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[188,1398,193,1606]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dipolydora armata AM W. 45506. A. Left side of chaetigers 2 – 6 in ventral view; B. Right side of chaetiger 5 in ventral view; C. Bidentate hooded hooks and inferior capillary from a medium neuropodium, left side in rear view; D. Bidentate hooded hooks, alternating capillary and an inferior capillary from a posterior neuropodium, left side in rear view; E. Posterior chaetiger showing broken bundle of twisted awl-like spines; F. Posterior chaetiger showing intact notopodial bundle of awl-like spines occupying most of space of the chaetiger. Abbreviations: al—alternating capillary, ho—hooded hooks, inventral inferior capillary, la—lateral tooth, ve—ventral capillary chaetae. Scale bars: A, E, F— 20 µm; B – D— 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/235911/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
C, D). Hooks bidentate; shaft slightly curved, without constriction (
<figureCitation id="4EC37AA4FFD5FFAAFDE1A69C1A0EF80D" box="[572,638,1954,1979]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1628,1650]" captionTargetBox="[188,1398,193,1606]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[188,1398,193,1606]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Dipolydora armata AM W. 45506. A. Left side of chaetigers 2 – 6 in ventral view; B. Right side of chaetiger 5 in ventral view; C. Bidentate hooded hooks and inferior capillary from a medium neuropodium, left side in rear view; D. Bidentate hooded hooks, alternating capillary and an inferior capillary from a posterior neuropodium, left side in rear view; E. Posterior chaetiger showing broken bundle of twisted awl-like spines; F. Posterior chaetiger showing intact notopodial bundle of awl-like spines occupying most of space of the chaetiger. Abbreviations: al—alternating capillary, ho—hooded hooks, inventral inferior capillary, la—lateral tooth, ve—ventral capillary chaetae. Scale bars: A, E, F— 20 µm; B – D— 10 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/235911/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="643">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
C, D).
</paragraph>
<caption id="828736A9FFD4FFABFF4AA7621D48F8BD" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/235911/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="644" targetBox="[188,1398,193,1606]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="D6476621FFD4FFABFF4AA7621D48F8BD" blockId="9.[151,1436,1628,1803]" pageId="9" pageNumber="644">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD4FFABFF4AA7621964F9C4" bold="true" box="[151,276,1628,1650]" pageId="9" pageNumber="644">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFD4FFABFEC6A7621990F9C4" box="[283,480,1628,1650]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="9" pageNumber="644" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="armata">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD4FFABFEC6A7621990F9C4" box="[283,480,1628,1650]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="644">Dipolydora armata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
AM W.45506. A. Left side of chaetigers 2–6 in ventral view; B. Right side of chaetiger 5 in ventral view; C. Bidentate hooded hooks and inferior capillary from a medium neuropodium, left side in rear view; D. Bidentate hooded hooks, alternating capillary and an inferior capillary from a posterior neuropodium, left side in rear view; E. Posterior chaetiger showing broken bundle of twisted awl-like spines; F. Posterior chaetiger showing intact notopodial bundle of awl-like spines occupying most of space of the chaetiger. Abbreviations: al—alternating capillary, ho—hooded hooks, inventral inferior capillary, la—lateral tooth, ve—ventral capillary chaetae. Scale bars: A, E, F—20 µm; B–D—10 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFD4FFABFF1AA6651BDAF82E" blockId="9.[151,1436,1883,2016]" pageId="9" pageNumber="644">Branchiae from chaetiger 7 to chaetiger 11, fewer in small individuals, flattened, with surfaces oriented parallel to body axis, basally fused to notopodial postchaetal lamellae.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFD4FFABFF1AA69D1A3CF856" blockId="9.[151,1436,1883,2016]" pageId="9" pageNumber="644">Pygidium small, cup-shaped, with only narrow dorsal gap or bilobed, divided by dorsal gap and ventral incision into two rounded lateral lobes.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EE235AAFFD7FFA8FF1AA1A918ADFD1E" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D6476621FFD7FFA8FF1AA1A91A64FE3E" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD7FFA8FF1AA1A9194BFF06" bold="true" box="[199,315,151,176]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFD7FFA8FE9FA1A91A6CFF06" box="[322,540,151,176]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="armata">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD7FFA8FE9FA1A91A6CFF06" box="[322,540,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">Dipolydora armata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described from Madeira
<collectingCountry id="AEEF26B1FFD7FFA8FC3CA1A91C55FF06" box="[993,1061,151,176]" name="Iceland" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">Island</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD7FFA8FB8CA1A91D56FF06" author="Langerhans" box="[1105,1318,151,176]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" refString="Langerhans, P. (1880) Die Wurmfauna von Madeira. III. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 34, 87 - 143." type="journal article" year="1880">Langerhans (1880)</bibRefCitation>
as a borer of calcareous algae and has since been reported world-wide. In
<collectingCountry id="AEEF26B1FFD7FFA8FCAFA1821BACFF63" box="[882,988,188,213]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFD7FFA8FC34A1831C2EFF62" box="[1001,1118,189,212]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="armata">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD7FFA8FC34A1831C2EFF62" box="[1001,1118,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">D. armata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was reported from Western
<collectingCountry id="AEEF26B1FFD7FFA8FF4AA1E1188EFF4E" box="[151,254,223,248]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">Australia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD7FFA8FED1A1DE19C0FF4E" author="Augener" box="[268,432,224,248]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" refString="Augener, H. (1914) Polychaeta II, Sedentaria. Die Fauna Sudwest-Australiens. Ergebnisse der Hamburger sudwestaustralischen Forschungsreise 1905 herausgegeben von Prof. Dr. W. Michaelsen und Dr. R. Hartmeyer, 5, 1 - 172." type="journal article" year="1914">Augener 1914</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD7FFA8FE61A1E11AAEFF4E" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[444,734,223,248]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1979) Teil 2. Die Polychaeten der tropischen Nordwestkuste Australiens (zwischen Derby im Norden und Port Hedland im Suden). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 76, 77 - 218." type="journal article" year="1979">Hartmann-Schröder 1979</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD7FFA8FD34A1E11B87FF4E" author="Sato-Okoshi" box="[745,1015,223,248]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W., Okoshi, K. &amp; Shaw, J. (2008) Polydorid species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in south-western Australian waters with special reference to Polydora uncinata and Boccardia knoxi. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 88, 491 - 501. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315408000842" type="journal article" year="2008">
Sato-Okoshi
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD7FFA8FCA1A1DF1BDCFF4E" box="[892,940,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">et al</emphasis>
. 2008
</bibRefCitation>
), Victoria and South
<collectingCountry id="AEEF26B1FFD7FFA8FB39A1E11D3BFF4E" box="[1252,1355,223,248]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">Australia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD7FFA8FA84A1E1192EFEAA" author="Blake" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" refString="Blake, J. A. &amp; Kudenov, J. D. (1978) The Spionidae (Polychaeta) from southeastern Australia and adjacent areas with a revision of the genera. Memoirs of the National Museum of Victoria, 39, 171 - 280." type="journal article" year="1978">Blake &amp; Kudenov 1978</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD7FFA8FEB6A03A1AFCFEAA" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[363,652,260,285]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1987) Teil 13. Die Polychaeten der antiborealen Kuste von Victoria (Australien) (zwischen Warrnambool im Western und Port Welshpool im Osten). Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 84, 27 - 66." type="journal article" year="1987">Hartmann-Schröder 1987</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD7FFA8FD44A03A1BD1FEAA" author="McDiarmid" box="[665,929,260,285]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" refString="McDiarmid, H., Day, R. &amp; Wilson, R. (2004) The ecology of polychaetes that infest abalone shells in Victoria, Australia. Journal of Shellfish Research, 23, 1179 - 1188." type="journal article" year="2004">
McDiarmid
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD7FFA8FCF9A03B1B26FEAB" box="[804,854,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">et al</emphasis>
. 2004
</bibRefCitation>
). Worms from Lizard
<collectingCountry id="AEEF26B1FFD7FFA8FB41A03A1C90FEAB" box="[1180,1248,260,285]" name="Iceland" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">Island</collectingCountry>
appear identical to
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFD7FFA8FF65A017195FFEF6" box="[184,303,297,320]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="armata">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD7FFA8FF65A017195FFEF6" box="[184,303,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">D. armata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described from California (
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD7FFA8FDABA0161B50FEF6" author="Hartman" box="[630,800,296,320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" refString="Hartman, O. (1941) Some contributions to the biology and life history of Spionidae from California. With keys to species and genera and descriptions of two new forms. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 7, 289 - 323." type="journal article" year="1941">Hartman 1941</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD7FFA8FCEDA0191BC9FEF6" author="Blake" box="[816,953,295,320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" refString="Blake, J. A. (1996) Family Spionidae Grube, 1850. Including a review of the genera and species from California and a revision of the genus Polydora Bosc, 1802. In: Blake, J. A., Hilbig, B. &amp; Scott, P. H. (Eds.), Taxonomic Atlas of the Benthic Fauna of the Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa Barbara Channel. Vol. 6. The Annelida Part 3 - Polychaeta: Orbiniidae to Cossuridae. Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, Santa Barbara, California, pp. 81 - 223." type="book chapter" year="1996">Blake 1996</bibRefCitation>
), the
<collectingCountry id="AEEF26B1FFD7FFA8FC23A0191CCBFEF6" box="[1022,1211,295,320]" name="Marshall Islands" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">Marshall Islands</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD7FFA8FB13A0191DE0FEF6" author="Woodwick" box="[1230,1424,295,320]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" refString="Woodwick, K. H. (1964) Polydora and related genera (Annelida, Polychaeta) from Eniwetok, Majuro, and Bikini Atolls, Marshall Islands. Pacific Science, 18, 146 - 159." type="journal article" year="1964">Woodwick 1964</bibRefCitation>
), Mediterranean (
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD7FFA8FE91A07219B9FED2" author="Bick" box="[332,457,332,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" refString="Bick, A. (2001) The morphology and ecology of Dipolydora armata (Polychaeta, Spionidae) from the western Mediterranean Sea. Acta Zoologica, 82, 177 - 187. [Stockholm] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1463 - 6395.2001.00078. x" type="journal article" year="2001">Bick 2001</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="AEEF26B1FFD7FFA8FE3DA0721A2EFED3" box="[480,606,332,357]" name="Philippines" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">Philippines</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD7FFA8FDADA0721B6FFED2" author="Williams" box="[624,799,332,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" refString="Williams, J. D. (2001) Polydora and related genera associated with hermit crabs from the Indo-West Pacific (Polydora: Spionidae), with descriptions of two new species and a second polydorid egg predator of hermit crabs. Pacific Science, 55, 429 - 565. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1353 / psc. 2001.0037" type="journal article" year="2001">Williams 2001</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="AEEF26B1FFD7FFA8FCEBA0721B0AFED3" box="[822,890,332,357]" name="Brazil" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">Brazil</collectingCountry>
and other localities (
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD7FFA8FBAEA0721A78FE3E" author="Radashevsky" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" refString="Radashevsky, V. I. &amp; Nogueira, J. M. M. (2003) Life history, morphology and distribution of Dipolydora armata (Polychaeta: Spionidae). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 83, 375 - 384. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0025315403007227 h" type="book chapter" year="2003">
Radashevsky &amp; Nogueira 2003,
<typeStatus id="0943D883FFD7FFA8FF00A04E197DFE3E" box="[221,269,368,392]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">type</typeStatus>
material re-examined
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFD7FFA8FF1AA0AA1C08FDD6" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFD7FFA8FF1AA0AA19D0FE1A" box="[199,416,404,429]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="armata">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD7FFA8FF1AA0AA19D0FE1A" box="[199,416,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">Dipolydora armata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been considered cosmopolitan, widespread in tropical and subtropical waters, and rare in boreal and temperate waters. Such a wide distribution of the same species seems, however, suspicious taking into account small size of adults (usually
<quantity id="1100CBC4FFD7FFA8FDAEA0E21AA2FE42" box="[627,722,476,500]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
long for 30–35 chaetigers), low fecundity (up to
<specimenCount id="C0FEADA8FFD7FFA8FAD7A0E21D1FFE43" box="[1290,1391,476,501]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" type="egg">100 eggs</specimenCount>
per brood), adelphophagy (larvae feeding on the nurse eggs inside egg capsule), low larval production, and very short time that larvae swim in the water (see
<bibRefCitation id="B2691BD0FFD7FFA8FDBEA31A1A99FD8A" author="Lewis" box="[611,745,548,573]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" refString="Lewis, J. B. (1998) Reproduction, larval development and functional relationships of the burrowing, spionid polychaete Dipolydora armata with the calcareous hydrozoan Millepora complanata. Marine Biology, 130, 651 - 662. [Berlin] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / s 002270050287" type="journal article" year="1998">Lewis 1998</bibRefCitation>
for details of larval development in the species). Molecular investigation is certainly needed to confirm the conspecificity of the remote populations.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D6476621FFD7FFA8FF1AA35218ADFD1E" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD7FFA8FF1AA352195AFD33" bold="true" box="[199,298,620,645]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">Habitat.</emphasis>
In this study, adult
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFD7FFA8FDD8A3531A09FD32" box="[517,633,621,644]" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spionida" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="armata">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD7FFA8FDD8A3531A09FD32" box="[517,633,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">D. armata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were found boring into the shell of a gastropod
<taxonomicName id="11F81DA2FFD7FFA8FB4EA3521CA5FD33" box="[1171,1237,620,645]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turbinidae" genus="Turbo" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Trochida" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD7FFA8FB4EA3521CA5FD33" box="[1171,1237,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">Turbo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. at about
<quantity id="1100CBC4FFD7FFA8FABEA3521DECFD32" box="[1379,1436,620,644]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" unit="m" value="14.0">14 m</quantity>
depth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EE235AAFFD7FFA8FF1AA38A1B3EFD46" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D6476621FFD7FFA8FF1AA38A1B3EFD46" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">
<emphasis id="E48CBA33FFD7FFA8FF1AA38A1910FD7B" bold="true" box="[199,352,692,717]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645">Distribution.</emphasis>
Widespread in tropical and subtropical waters. Intertidal to
<specimenCount id="C0FEADA8FFD7FFA8FC21A38A1C39FD7A" box="[1020,1097,692,716]" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" type="generic">
<quantity id="1100CBC4FFD7FFA8FC21A38A1C35FD7A" box="[1020,1093,692,716]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="645" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
.
</specimenCount>
The species is herein reported for the first time from Queensland and the Great Barrier Reef.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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