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<mods:title id="94BB294BD828CDD25D199530F7EBD2A5">Revision of fossil Bibionidae (Insecta: Diptera) from French Oligocene deposits</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03A9879CFFCCF40845D336FF7F703FAC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6039648" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127624363" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6039648" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A9879CFFCCF40845D336FF7F703FAC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A9879CFFCCF40845D336FF7F703FAC" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
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<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E45D336FF7F1C3CEB" blockId="50.[151,517,689,749]" box="[151,517,689,716]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<heading id="D0F781E6FFCCF40E45D336FF7F1C3CEB" bold="true" box="[151,517,689,716]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCCF40E45D336FF7F1C3CEB" ID-CoL="9HCJQ" authority="Heer, 1849" authorityName="Heer" authorityYear="1849" box="[151,517,689,716]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lygaeoides">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E45D336FF7F1C3CEB" bold="true" box="[151,517,689,716]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E45D336FF7C7F3CEC" bold="true" box="[151,358,689,715]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Plecia lygaeoides</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B7BFFCCF40E443136FC7CE43CEB" author="Heer" box="[373,509,690,716]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refString="Heer, O. (1849) Die Insektenfauna der Tertiargebilde von Oeningen und von Radoboj in Croatien. Zweite Abtheilung: Heuschrecken, Florfliegen, Aderflugler, Schmetterlinge und Fliegen. Neue Denkschriften Allgemeinen Schweizerischen Gesellschaft fur die Gesamten Naturwissenschaften, Zurich, 11, 1 - 264." type="journal article" year="1849">Heer, 1849</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E45D3369A7CE83CCA" blockId="50.[151,517,689,749]" box="[151,497,724,749]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
(
<figureCitation id="133B2A0FFFCCF40E45DB369A7DE53CCA" box="[159,252,724,749]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1868,1890]" captionTargetBox="[234,1355,205,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[219,1368,193,1785]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 38. Plecia livida, male. Holotype of Plecia acutiventris Théobald, MNHN Ex. 169. FIGURE 39. Plecia livida, female. Holotype of Plecia goreti Théobald, MNHN B 24516. FIGURE 40. Plecia livida, female. Paratype of Plecia guineri Théobald, MNHN B 24415. FIGURE 41. Plecia livida, male. Holotype of Plecia maculiventris Théobald, MNHN B 24523. FIGURE 42. Plecia lygaeoides, female. Holotype of Protomyia lygaeoides Heer, SLJG 77465." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259094/files/figure.png" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Figs. 38</figureCitation>
, 40, 42
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E440A369B7C453CCB" box="[334,348,725,748]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51"></emphasis>
44, 144
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E44F4369B7CA73CCB" box="[432,446,725,748]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51"></emphasis>
148)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A6501FFCCF40E45D33753787A3A74" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E45D337537F4F3D15" blockId="50.[151,947,796,972]" box="[151,598,796,818]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1011A4FFCCF40E45D337537F4F3D15" box="[151,598,796,818]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCCF40E45D337537F053D15" ID-CoL="8DHLM" authority="Heer, 1849: 232" authorityName="Heer" authorityPageNumber="232" authorityYear="1849" box="[151,540,796,818]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Protomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lygaeoides">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E45D337537C6A3D15" box="[151,371,796,818]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Protomyia lygaeoides</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AA1109BFFCCF40E443E37537F053D15" author="Heer" box="[378,540,796,818]" page="232" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" year="1849">
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B7BFFCCF40E443E37537CF53D15" author="Heer" box="[378,492,796,818]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refString="Heer, O. (1849) Die Insektenfauna der Tertiargebilde von Oeningen und von Radoboj in Croatien. Zweite Abtheilung: Heuschrecken, Florfliegen, Aderflugler, Schmetterlinge und Fliegen. Neue Denkschriften Allgemeinen Schweizerischen Gesellschaft fur die Gesamten Naturwissenschaften, Zurich, 11, 1 - 264." type="journal article" year="1849">Heer, 1849</bibRefCitation>
: 232
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E475837537F313D15" box="[540,552,797,818]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51"></emphasis>
233.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E45D337757F483DAA" blockId="50.[151,947,796,972]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1011A4FFCCF40E45D337757F483DAA" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCCF40E45D337757CDD3D76" ID-CoL="8B746" authority="Germar, 1837" authorityName="Germar" authorityYear="1837" box="[151,452,827,849]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Bibio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lignarius">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E45D337757C293D76" box="[151,304,827,849]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bibio lignarius</emphasis>
Germar, 1837
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E448A37727F1F3D76" box="[462,518,828,849]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B7BFFCCF40E474837727F953D76" author="Unger" box="[524,652,827,849]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refString="Unger, F. (1842) Fossile Insecten. Nova acta physico-medica Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Naturae Curiosum, 19, 415 - 428." type="journal article" year="1842">Unger, 1842</bibRefCitation>
, misidentification,
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E460B37727EB53D76" box="[847,940,828,849]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">pro parte</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCCF40E45D337147F853D48" ID-CoL="8DHKZ" authority="Heyden &amp; Heyden, 1865: 28" authorityName="Heyden &amp; Heyden" authorityPageNumber="28" authorityYear="1865" box="[151,668,857,879]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Protomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilenta">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E45D337147C763D48" box="[151,367,857,879]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Protomyia gracilenta</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AA1109BFFCCF40E443137177F853D48" author="Heyden" box="[373,668,857,879]" page="28" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" year="1865">
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B7BFFCCF40E443137177F6F3D48" author="Heyden" box="[373,630,857,879]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refString="Heyden, C. von &amp; Heyden, L. von (1865) Bibioniden aus der Rheinischen Braunkohle von Rott. Palaeontographica, 14, 19 - 30." type="journal article" year="1865">Heyden &amp; Heyden, 1865</bibRefCitation>
: 28
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Syn.n.
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCCF40E45D337367F263DA9" ID-CoL="9H7ZB" authority="Theobald, 1937: 336 Syn." authorityName="Theobald, 1937: 336 Syn." box="[151,575,888,910]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Bibio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detractus">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E45D337367C2B3DA9" box="[151,306,888,910]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bibio detractus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AA1109BFFCCF40E447D37367F123DA9" author="Theobald" box="[313,523,888,910]" page="336" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" year="1937">
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B7BFFCCF40E447D37367CC23DA9" author="Theobald" box="[313,475,888,910]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refString="Theobald, N. (1937) Les insectes fossiles des terrains oligocenes de France. Bulletin mensuel (Memoires) de la Societe des Sciences de Nancy 1, 1 - 473." type="journal article" year="1937">Theobald, 1937</bibRefCitation>
: 336
</treatmentCitation>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24757E3FFCCF40E475537367F263DA9" box="[529,575,888,910]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</taxonomicName>
n.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E45D337D97F543D8A" blockId="50.[151,947,796,972]" box="[151,589,919,941]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1011A4FFCCF40E45D337D97F543D8A" box="[151,589,919,941]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCCF40E45D337D97F253D8A" ID-CoL="9HCJN" authority="Theobald, 1937: 408 Syn." authorityName="Theobald, 1937: 408 Syn." box="[151,572,919,941]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guinieri">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E45D337D97C373D8A" box="[151,302,919,941]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Plecia guinieri</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AA1109BFFCCF40E447037D97F1F3D8A" author="Theobald" box="[308,518,919,941]" page="408" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" year="1937">
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B7BFFCCF40E447037D97CCF3D8A" author="Theobald" box="[308,470,919,941]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refString="Theobald, N. (1937) Les insectes fossiles des terrains oligocenes de France. Bulletin mensuel (Memoires) de la Societe des Sciences de Nancy 1, 1 - 473." type="journal article" year="1937">Théobald, 1937</bibRefCitation>
: 408
</treatmentCitation>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24757E3FFCCF40E474837D97F253D8A" box="[524,572,919,941]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</taxonomicName>
n.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E45D337FB7F6C3DEC" blockId="50.[151,947,796,972]" box="[151,629,949,972]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB1011A4FFCCF40E45D337FB7F6C3DEC" box="[151,629,949,972]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCCF40E45D337FB7F7A3DEC" ID-CoL="9HCJK" authority="Theobald, 1937: 410 Syn." authorityName="Theobald, 1937: 410 Syn." box="[151,611,949,972]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutiventris">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E45D337FB7C4F3DEB" box="[151,342,949,972]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Plecia acutiventris</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AA1109BFFCCF40E441F37FB7F373DEC" author="Theobald" box="[347,558,949,971]" page="410" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" year="1937">
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B7BFFCCF40E441F37FB7CE73DEC" author="Theobald" box="[347,510,949,971]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refString="Theobald, N. (1937) Les insectes fossiles des terrains oligocenes de France. Bulletin mensuel (Memoires) de la Societe des Sciences de Nancy 1, 1 - 473." type="journal article" year="1937">Théobald, 1937</bibRefCitation>
: 410
</treatmentCitation>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24757E3FFCCF40E477037FB7F7A3DEC" box="[564,611,949,971]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Syn.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</taxonomicName>
n.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E45D337BA787A3A74" blockId="50.[151,1437,1011,2035]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCCF40E45D337BA7C973A2C" ID-CoL="8DHLM" box="[151,398,1011,1035]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Protomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lygaeoides">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E45D337BA7C973A2C" box="[151,398,1011,1035]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Protomyia lygaeoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described from Radoboj and later noted from Aix-en-Provence by
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B7BFFCCF40E419037BA787B3A2B" author="Heer" box="[1236,1378,1011,1036]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refString="Heer, O. (1856) Ueber die fossilen Insekten von Aix in der Provence. Uierteljahrsschrift der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Zurich, 1, 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1856">Heer (1856)</bibRefCitation>
. The type is in Landesmuseum Joanneum, Graz and an additional specimen from Aix-en-Provence is in ETHZ.
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCCF40E45D330757C9F3A75" ID-CoL="8DHKZ" box="[151,390,1082,1106]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Protomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilenta">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E45D330757C9F3A75" box="[151,390,1082,1106]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Protomyia gracilenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was decribed from Rott,
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCCF40E47E730747E6C3A75" ID-CoL="9HCJK" box="[675,885,1082,1106]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutiventris">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E47E730747E6C3A75" box="[675,885,1082,1106]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Plecia acutiventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCCF40E46E83074794E3A75" ID-CoL="9H7ZB" box="[940,1111,1082,1106]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Bibio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detractus">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E46E83074794E3A75" box="[940,1111,1082,1106]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bibio detractus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Aix-en-Provence.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A6501FFCCF40E458330137E3C3BB6" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E458330137FFF3B00" blockId="50.[151,1437,1011,2035]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E458330137CAF3A51" bold="true" box="[199,438,1117,1142]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Material examined.</emphasis>
Female identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCCF40E4784301379143A51" authority="Unger" authorityName="Unger" box="[704,1037,1117,1142]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Bibio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lignarius">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E478430137EA33A52" box="[704,954,1117,1141]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bibio lignarius sensu</emphasis>
Unger
</taxonomicName>
SLJG 259. Female (NHMUK In 39822). Holotype (male) of
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCCF40E44A330CF7FC53ABE" box="[487,732,1153,1177]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Protomyia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilenta">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E44A330CF7FC53ABE" box="[487,732,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Protomyia gracilenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
NHMUK In 58805. Cotypes (2 males 1 female) of
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCCF40E401030CF7DE93A9B" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guinieri">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E401030CF7DE93A9B" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Plecia guinieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
EEFN (coll. Fliche) F 190. Cotype (female) of
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCCF40E464530EA7EBE3A9B" box="[769,935,1188,1212]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guinieri">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E464530EA7EBE3A9B" box="[769,935,1188,1212]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Plecia guinieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
EEFN (Coll. Fliche) F 239. Holotype (male) of
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCCF40E45FC30867C943AF8" box="[184,397,1224,1248]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acutiventris">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E45FC30867C943AF8" box="[184,397,1224,1248]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Plecia acutiventris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
FSL 391937 (A84), EEFN F 169 (status of both specimens given as “holotype” in figure legends (Pl. XXII Fig. 9 and Pl. XXIX
<figureCitation id="133B2A0FFFCCF40E472330A57FA23B23" box="[615,699,1259,1284]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1848,1870]" captionText="FIGURE 14. Penthetria lugens, female. Holotype of Protomyia lugens Oustalet, MNHN R 0 6666. FIGURE 15. Penthetria lugens, female. NMB F 2410." pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
) by
<bibRefCitation id="EF914B7BFFCCF40E47B730A57EA73B23" author="Theobald" box="[755,958,1259,1284]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refString="Theobald, N. (1937) Les insectes fossiles des terrains oligocenes de France. Bulletin mensuel (Memoires) de la Societe des Sciences de Nancy 1, 1 - 473." type="journal article" year="1937">Théobald (1937))</bibRefCitation>
. Holotype (male) of
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCCF40E41F730A578783B24" box="[1203,1377,1259,1283]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Bibio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="detractus">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E41F730A578783B24" box="[1203,1377,1259,1283]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Bibio detractus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
FSL 391921 (A 21). Paratype (male) FSL 391922 (A 29).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E4583317C7CE43B49" blockId="50.[151,1437,1011,2035]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Other material: 9 males EEFN (Coll. Fliche) F 176, F 182, F 187, F 188, F 200, F 207, F 268, F 302, F 320. Female (FSL 391902), Chadrat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E458331377E3C3BB6" blockId="50.[151,1437,1011,2035]" box="[199,805,1401,1426]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E458331377C583BB5" bold="true" box="[199,321,1401,1426]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Localities.</emphasis>
Aix-en-Provence, Chadrat (Radoboj, Rott)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A6501FFCCF40E458331D2794B3BFE" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E458331D2794B3BFE" blockId="50.[151,1437,1011,2035]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E458331D27C583B92" bold="true" box="[199,321,1436,1461]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A medium-sized, dark
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E471131D37FBD3B92" box="[597,676,1437,1461]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCCF40E471131D37FB93B92" box="[597,672,1437,1461]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Plecia</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
The wings are blackish fumose with all veins black, Pterostigma oval and distinctive, vein R2+3 straight and oblique. Male gonostylus long and slender.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31A6501FFCCF408458331A87F703FAC" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E458331A87E213BD8" blockId="50.[151,1437,1011,2035]" box="[199,824,1510,1535]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E458331A87C6D3BD8" bold="true" box="[199,372,1510,1535]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Redescription.</emphasis>
Male: Total length 7.0
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E473031A97F9B3BD9" box="[628,642,1511,1534]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51"></emphasis>
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCCF40E47C631A87FC13BD9" box="[642,728,1510,1535]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="9.5">9.5 mm</quantity>
(N=14).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E4583324778843805" blockId="50.[151,1437,1011,2035]" box="[199,1437,1545,1570]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Head (fig. 145): Length 1.0
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E44BC32447F1F3806" box="[504,518,1546,1569]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51"></emphasis>
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCCF40E474232447F423806" box="[518,603,1546,1570]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
(N=34), width
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCCF40E464332447E973806" box="[775,910,1546,1570]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="1.1">1.11.3 mm</quantity>
(N=3). Flagellum
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCCF40E411A324479D83806" box="[1118,1217,1546,1570]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="0.48">0.48 mm</quantity>
long, 8-segmented.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E4583326379303861" blockId="50.[151,1437,1011,2035]" box="[199,1065,1581,1606]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Thorax: Length 1.9
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E44E432607CB73862" box="[416,430,1582,1605]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51"></emphasis>
3.0 mm (N=7), width
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCCF40E47E032607E333862" box="[676,810,1582,1606]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.1" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="1.95" valueMax="2.1" valueMin="1.8">
1.8
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E478332607FCC3862" box="[711,725,1582,1605]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51"></emphasis>
2.1 mm
</quantity>
(N=4). Entirely black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E4583321E7FD83894" blockId="50.[151,1437,1011,2035]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Wing: Length 4.8
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E44C8321F7C83384F" box="[396,410,1617,1640]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51"></emphasis>
7.0 mm (N=14), width 2.0
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E4786321F7FC9384F" box="[706,720,1617,1640]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51"></emphasis>
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCCF40E4794321E7E3F384F" box="[720,806,1616,1641]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
(N=5), length/width = 2.45
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E4118321F7973384F" box="[1116,1130,1617,1640]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51"></emphasis>
3.00 (N=5). Dark brownish fumose, all veins pigmented, dark brown. Pterostigma oval, dark brown, moderately distinctive. Vein R2+3 straight and oblique. Wing vein measurements in Table 2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E458332F17F7E38DD" blockId="50.[151,1437,1011,2035]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Legs: Dark brown to black, slender, tibiae conspicuously thin. Fore tibia 2.0
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCCF40E417A32F3798F38F1" box="[1086,1174,1725,1750]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
(N=4), hind femur
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCCF40E403D32F07DDA38DE" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
(N=1), hind tibia
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCCF40E44C932AC7F0C38DE" box="[397,533,1762,1786]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="2.1">2.12.9 mm</quantity>
(N=4).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E4583334A79B9393A" blockId="50.[151,1437,1011,2035]" box="[199,1184,1796,1821]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Abdomen: Length
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCCF40E44DE334A7F3B393A" box="[410,546,1796,1821]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.949999999999999" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="4.6" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="4.949999999999999" valueMax="5.3" valueMin="4.6">4.65.3 mm</quantity>
(N=5), width
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCCF40E4785334B7E51393A" box="[705,840,1796,1821]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.1">
1.1
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E47A033487FEB393A" box="[740,754,1798,1821]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51"></emphasis>
1.6 mm
</quantity>
(N=4), black, slightly conical.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E458333667F233943" blockId="50.[151,1437,1011,2035]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Terminalia (fig. 147148): Hypopygium width
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCCF40E479F33677E673967" box="[731,894,1833,1857]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.95" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.9" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="0.795" valueMax="0.8" valueMin="0.79">0.790.80 mm</quantity>
(N=3), gonostylus length
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCCF40E41E2336778503967" box="[1190,1353,1832,1857]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6000000000000005" metricValueMax="5.300000000000001" metricValueMin="3.9000000000000004" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="0.46" valueMax="0.53" valueMin="0.39">
0.39
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCCF40E4193336779FC3967" box="[1239,1253,1833,1856]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51"></emphasis>
0.53 mm
</quantity>
(N=3). Gonostylus digitiform, rather narrow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E458333217E5A39AF" blockId="50.[151,1437,1011,2035]" box="[199,835,1903,1928]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Female: Total length 8.0
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCCF40E44A333217F5039A0" box="[487,585,1903,1927]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="11.4">11.4 mm</quantity>
(N=6), entirely black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCCF40E458333DC7C6939D4" blockId="50.[151,1437,1011,2035]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Head (fig. 146): Length
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCCF40E44B433DC7F83398D" box="[496,666,1938,1963]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" metricValueMax="10.5" metricValueMin="8.1" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="0.93" valueMax="1.05" valueMin="0.81">0.811.05 mm</quantity>
(N=2), width
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCCF40E460833DC7EEC398D" box="[844,1013,1938,1963]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.325" metricValueMax="1.35" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="1.325" valueMax="1.35" valueMin="1.3">1.301.35 mm</quantity>
(N=2). Black. In dorsal view with prominent hind corners. Antenna relatively long and robust, flagellum 10-segmented. Flagellum length
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCCF40E407333F9788439E8" box="[1335,1437,1975,1999]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.4" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="0.74">0.74 mm</quantity>
(N=1). Palp strong.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7F6602FFCDF40F45D3330B7F0A395D" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCDF40F45D3330B7F0A395D" blockId="51.[151,695,1861,2037]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCDF40F45D3330B7C74397C" bold="true" box="[151,365,1861,1884]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">FIGURES 144148.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C004D09FFCDF40F443733087FB5397B" authority="(Heer, 1849)" authorityName="Heer" authorityYear="1849" baseAuthorityName="Heer" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[371,684,1862,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Bibionidae" genus="Plecia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lygaeoides">
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCDF40F443733087F3F397B" box="[371,550,1862,1884]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Plecia lygaeoides</emphasis>
(Heer, 1849)
</taxonomicName>
Fig. 144. Female, wing. FSL 391929.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCDF40F45D333CD7F2439BE" blockId="51.[151,695,1861,2037]" box="[151,573,1923,1945]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<figureCitation id="133B2A0FFFCDF40F45D333CD7DF739BE" box="[151,238,1923,1945]" captionStart="FIGURES 144 148" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1861,1884]" captionText="FIGURES 144 148. Plecia lygaeoides (Heer, 1849) Fig. 144. Female, wing. FSL 391929." pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 145</figureCitation>
. Male, head, NHMUK In 58805.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCDF40F45D333EC7CCA399F" blockId="51.[151,695,1861,2037]" box="[151,467,1954,1976]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<figureCitation id="133B2A0FFFCDF40F45D333EC7DF7399F" box="[151,238,1954,1976]" captionStart="FIGURES 144 148" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1861,1884]" captionText="FIGURES 144 148. Plecia lygaeoides (Heer, 1849) Fig. 144. Female, wing. FSL 391929." pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 146</figureCitation>
. Female, head. ETHZ.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCDF40F45D3338E7F6239D2" blockId="51.[151,695,1861,2037]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
<figureCitation id="133B2A0FFFCDF40F45D3338E7DF739F1" box="[151,238,1984,2006]" captionStart="FIGURES 144 148" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1861,1884]" captionText="FIGURES 144 148. Plecia lygaeoides (Heer, 1849) Fig. 144. Female, wing. FSL 391929." pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 147</figureCitation>
. Male, terminalia, ventral. RGL Céreste 522.
<figureCitation id="133B2A0FFFCDF40F45D333917DF739D2" box="[151,238,2015,2037]" captionStart="FIGURES 144 148" captionStartId="51.[151,264,1861,1884]" captionText="FIGURES 144 148. Plecia lygaeoides (Heer, 1849) Fig. 144. Female, wing. FSL 391929." pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Fig. 148</figureCitation>
. Male, terminalia, dorsal. FSL 391921.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCAF408458334D9796F3E97" blockId="52.[151,1436,151,395]" box="[199,1142,151,176]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
Thorax: Length 2.0
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCAF40844E434D77CB73E97" box="[416,430,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53"></emphasis>
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCAF40844EA34D67F1D3E88" box="[430,516,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
(N=6), width 2.0
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCAF408479134D67E323E88" box="[725,811,152,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
(N=4). Black, haltere brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCAF408458334F279703EDF" blockId="52.[151,1436,151,395]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
Wing (fig. 144): Length
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCAF40844B434F27F653EF3" box="[496,636,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="9.8" metricValueMin="6.2" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="9.8" valueMin="6.2">
6.2
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCAF408475734F37F383EF3" box="[531,545,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53"></emphasis>
9.8 mm
</quantity>
(N=7), width
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCAF408466934F27EA03EF3" box="[813,953,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="3.05" valueMax="3.6" valueMin="2.5">2.53.6 mm</quantity>
(N=4), length/width = 2.43
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCAF408404134F3780A3EF3" box="[1285,1299,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53"></emphasis>
2.55 (N=4). Blackish fumose with blackish veins. R2+3 oblique. Wing vein measurements in Table 2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCAF408458335467EED3F64" blockId="52.[151,1436,151,395]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
Legs: Black. Hind femur moderately clavate, otherwise slender. Length of fore femur 2.0 mm (N=1), fore tibia
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCAF40845D335657C073F65" box="[151,286,299,323]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="2.3" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="1.7">
1.7
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCAF40845FE35657DD13F65" box="[186,200,299,322]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53"></emphasis>
2.9 mm
</quantity>
(N=4), hind femur
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCAF40844BE35657F493F65" box="[506,592,299,323]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
(N=1), hind tibia
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCAF408465E35657EBB3F65" box="[794,930,299,323]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.8">2.83.2 mm</quantity>
(N=2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCAF408458335007EF23F40" blockId="52.[151,1436,151,395]" box="[199,1003,334,359]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
Abdomen: Length
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCAF40844DE35007F383F40" box="[410,545,334,359]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.199999999999999" metricValueMax="8.7" metricValueMin="5.7" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="7.199999999999999" valueMax="8.7" valueMin="5.7">
5.7
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCAF40844F9351E7CD23F40" box="[445,459,336,359]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53"></emphasis>
8.7 mm
</quantity>
(N=6), width
<quantity id="4CF89B6FFFCAF408478535017E513F40" box="[705,840,335,359]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="2.7" valueMax="3.3" valueMin="2.1">
2.1
<emphasis id="B974EA98FFCAF40847A0351E7FEB3F40" box="[740,754,336,359]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53"></emphasis>
3.3 mm
</quantity>
(N=3). Black.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBF368AFFCAF4084583353C7F703FAC" blockId="52.[151,1436,151,395]" box="[199,617,370,395]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Terminalia: Cerci small and rounded.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>