276 lines
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276 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.90.20586" ID-PMC="PMC5784240" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-90-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="80067D29FFFB7D34FF80E95D553F4254" ID-PubMed="29391851" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1138341" ModsDocID="1314-2003-90-1" checkinTime="1510830429569" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Berry, Paul E., Kainulainen, Kent & Ee, Benjamin W. van" docDate="2017" docId="86D8A8E403314D028866CFF424C1BFC3" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 90: 1-87" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 90" docPubDate="2017-11-15" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.90.20586" docTitle="Croton argyrodaphne Baill., Adansonia 1: 146. 1861" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="80067D29FFFB7D34FF80E95D553F4254" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="80067D29FFFB7D34FF80E95D553F4254" masterDocTitle="A Nomenclator of Croton (Euphorbiaceae) in Madagascar, the Comoros Archipelago, and the Mascarene Islands" masterLastPageNumber="87" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1668142129654" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A Nomenclator of Croton (Euphorbiaceae) in Madagascar, the Comoros Archipelago, and the Mascarene Islands</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Berry, Paul E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Herbarium, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">peberry@umich.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Kainulainen, Kent</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Herbarium, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, 3600 Varsity Drive, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48108, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ee, Benjamin W. van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Universidad de Puerto Rico, Recinto Universitario de Mayagueez, Mayagueez, PR 00680, Puerto Rico, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2017-11-15</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>90</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>87</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.90.20586</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.90.20586</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-90-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">80067D29FFFB7D34FF80E95D553F4254</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1138341</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="137307998" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:86D8A8E403314D028866CFF424C1BFC3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/86D8A8E403314D028866CFF424C1BFC3" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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13.
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<taxonomicName LSID="86D8A8E4-0331-4D02-8866-CFF424C1BFC3" authority="Baill., Adansonia 1: 146. 1861" authorityName="Baill., Adansonia 1: 146." authorityYear="1861" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Croton argyrodaphne" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="argyrodaphne">Croton argyrodaphne Baill., Adansonia 1: 146. 1861</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Kuntze" authorityYear="1891" baseAuthorityName="Baill." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Oxydectes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oxydectes argyrodaphne" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="argyrodaphne">Oxydectes argyrodaphne</taxonomicName>
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(Baill.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 611. 1891. Type. Based on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Croton argyrodaphne" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="argyrodaphne">Croton argyrodaphne</taxonomicName>
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Baill.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leandri" authorityYear="1939" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Croton argyrodaphne subsp. var. var. occidentalis" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="argyrodaphne" subSpecies="var." variety="occidentalis">Croton argyrodaphne var. occidentalis</taxonomicName>
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Leandri, Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="sér">ser</normalizedToken>
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. 5, 7(1): 44. 1939,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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Type. Madagascar. Prov. Mahajanga:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="région">region</normalizedToken>
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du Cap
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Saint-André">Saint-Andre</normalizedToken>
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, dunes, 8 Jun 1930,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">R. Decary 7893</emphasis>
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(lectotype, designated here: P [P00127457]!). Madagascar. Prov. Toliara: bassin de la Tsiribihina, Jul 1911,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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H. Perrier de la
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bâthie">Bathie</normalizedToken>
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9656
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</emphasis>
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(syntypes: P [P00127460]!, P [P00127461]!, P [P00127462]!).]!). Madagascar. Prov. Toliara: Morondava, received 26 Dec 1878,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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H.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Grevé">Greve</normalizedToken>
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11
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</emphasis>
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(syntype: P [P00127459]!).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leandri" authorityYear="1972" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Croton argyrodaphne subsp. var. var. boinensis" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="argyrodaphne" subSpecies="var." variety="boinensis">Croton argyrodaphne var. boinensis</taxonomicName>
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<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="15" start="start">Leandri</pageBreakToken>
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, Adansonia,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="sér">ser</normalizedToken>
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. 2, 12: 404. 1972,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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Type. Madagascar. Prov. Mahajanga: Ampalony, 9 Aug 1971,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L.P. Schmitt 515</emphasis>
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(holotype: P [P00389629]!).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leandri" authorityYear="1972" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Croton argyrodaphne subsp. var. var. orientalis" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="argyrodaphne" subSpecies="var." variety="orientalis">Croton argyrodaphne var. orientalis</taxonomicName>
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Leandri, Adansonia,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="sér">ser</normalizedToken>
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. 2, 12: 404. 1972,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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Type. Madagascar. Prov. Toamasina: Intendro,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="près">pres</normalizedToken>
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de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fénérive">Fenerive</normalizedToken>
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, 9 Jul 1958,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Service Forestier 19160-SF</emphasis>
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(holotype: P [P00418607]!).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Croton vohemarensis" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vohemarensis">Croton vohemarensis</taxonomicName>
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Radcl.-Sm., Gen. Croton Madag. Comoro 78. 2016,
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">syn. nov.</emphasis>
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Type. Madagascar. Prov. Antsiranana: Mantamena, Bekaroaka Range, 7 km N of Daraina (Vohemar),
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-13.133333">13°08'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="49.7">49°42'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 112-330 m, 26 Nov 1990,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">D. Meyers 206</emphasis>
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(holotype: MO!).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-01-01" collectingDateMax="2017-12-31" collectingDateMin="2017-01-01" collectorName="J. M. C. Richard" country="Madagascar" location="Diana Region" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<collectingCountry name="Madagascar">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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. Prov.
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<collectingRegion country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
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:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:86D8A8E403314D028866CFF424C1BFC3:D07A8BCABF6B3CD1CFC128012CF634C7" country="Madagascar" name="Diana Region" stateProvince="Antsiranana">Diana Region</location>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Nossibé">Nossibe</normalizedToken>
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, 1837,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<collectorName>J.M.C. Richard</collectorName>
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218
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus>lectotype</typeStatus>
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, first step designated by
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<bibRefCitation author="Leandri, J" journalOrPublisher="Notulae Systematicae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refId="B42" refString="Leandri, J, 1972b. Contribution a l'etude des Croton malgaches a grandes feuilles argentees. Adansonia, ser. 2, 12: 403-408." title="Contribution a l'etude des Croton malgaches a grandes feuilles argentees. Adansonia, ser. 2, 12: 403 - 408." year="1972 b">Leandri 1972b</bibRefCitation>
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, pg. 404, second step designated here): P [P00127450]!; isolectotype: K [K001040357]
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</materialsCitation>
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!).
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="1840-11-15" collectingDateMax="2017-12-31" collectingDateMin="2017-01-01" collectorName="Nossibe, L. M. A., J. M. C. Richard, A. Perville" country="Madagascar" location="Diana Region" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana" typeStatus="syntype">
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<collectingCountry name="Madagascar">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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. Prov.
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<collectingRegion country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
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:
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:86D8A8E403314D028866CFF424C1BFC3:B5AC1299DB6A5B43A5E5C676459FF360" country="Madagascar" name="Diana Region" stateProvince="Antsiranana">Diana Region</location>
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,
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<collectorName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Nossibé">Nossibe</normalizedToken>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">L.M.A. Du Petit-Thouars s.n.</emphasis>
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</collectorName>
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(
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<typeStatus>syntype</typeStatus>
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: P [P00123733]!), ibid. loc., 1837,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<collectorName>J.M.C. Richard</collectorName>
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571
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus>syntypes</typeStatus>
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: P [P00127451]!, K [K000347495]!), ibid. loc.,
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<collectingDate value="1840-11-15">15 Nov 1840</collectingDate>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<collectorName>
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A.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Pervillé">Perville</normalizedToken>
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</collectorName>
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236
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus>syntypes</typeStatus>
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: K [K000347493]!, P [P00127436]!, P [P00127437]!)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-01-01" collectingDateMax="2017-12-31" collectingDateMin="2017-01-01" collectorName="L. H. Boivin" country="Madagascar" location="Antsiranana" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Antsiranana" typeStatus="syntypes">
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<collectingCountry name="Madagascar">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
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. Prov.
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<collectingRegion country="Madagascar" name="Antsiranana">Antsiranana</collectingRegion>
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:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Loucoubé">Loucoube</normalizedToken>
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, 1848,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<collectorName>L.H. Boivin</collectorName>
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2182
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</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus>syntypes</typeStatus>
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: G-DC [G00311741]!, G [G00311741]!, K [K000347494]!, P [P00123729]!, P [P00123730]!, P [P00835716]!)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Habit and distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Trees to large shrubs; mainly in northern Madagascar, but extending as far south as northern Toliara Province on the west coast and northern Toamasina on the east coast (Antsiranana, Mahajanga, Toamasina, Toliara).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="notes">
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<bibRefCitation author="Leandri, J" journalOrPublisher="Notulae Systematicae" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refId="B42" refString="Leandri, J, 1972b. Contribution a l'etude des Croton malgaches a grandes feuilles argentees. Adansonia, ser. 2, 12: 403-408." title="Contribution a l'etude des Croton malgaches a grandes feuilles argentees. Adansonia, ser. 2, 12: 403 - 408." year="1972 b">Leandri (1972b)</bibRefCitation>
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designated
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Richard 218</emphasis>
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as the type of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Croton argyrodaphne" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="argyrodaphne">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Croton argyrodaphne</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Given that he did not specify an herbarium in his selection of this collection, we complete the lectotypification here by designating P00127450 as a second-step lectotype. The type of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. argyrodaphne subsp. var. var. orientalis" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="variety" species="argyrodaphne" subSpecies="var." variety="orientalis">C. argyrodaphne var. orientalis</taxonomicName>
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comes from an area in northern Toamasina that is well south of the range of most other
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. argyrodaphne" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="argyrodaphne">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. argyrodaphne</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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specimens. However, there is a second collection of the species from the same area,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">SF-10816</emphasis>
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(TEF), which confirms its occurrence near
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Fénérive">Fenerive</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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The type of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Croton vohemarensis" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vohemarensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Croton vohemarensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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consists of two small twigs with leaves that are unusually small and wide for
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. argyrodaphne" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="argyrodaphne">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. argyrodaphne</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. However, the low stamen number (11) and the characteristic stylar column are very typical of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. argyrodaphne" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="argyrodaphne">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. argyrodaphne</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Diversity of flowers in coppery-lepidote tree species of Croton from Madagascar that are vegetatively very similar. A Croton argyrodaphne, with leaves that are similar to those of several other species B Part of an inflorescence of Croton nobilis showing pistillate flower (below) with thick, reduplicate sepals and no petals, and staminate flower (above) with an intermediate number of stamens (ca. 18) C Staminate flower of C. chrysodaphne, with numerous (ca. 40) stamens and the unusual feature of ten (vs. normally five) petals D Pistillate flower of C. chrysodaphne, with patent, slender bifurcating styles and no petals E Staminate flowers of C. argyrodaphne, with only 11 stamens F Pistillate flower of C. argyrodaphne, with a stylar column topped by tightly bunched, short stigmas and also with recurved petals between the sepals (typically the pistillate flowers of this species are apetalous) G Base of an inflorescence of C. multicostatus showing three open pistillate flowers at the base (with well-developed, ligulate petals) and several open staminate flowers showing a low stamen number of 10 or 11. Photos by P. Berry." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.90.20586.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/168223" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">1E-F</figureCitation>
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), and it falls within the geographic and altitudinal range for the species. An additional paratype cited by
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<bibRefCitation author="Radcliffe-Smith, A" journalOrPublisher="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" refId="B55" refString="Radcliffe-Smith, A, 2016. The Genus Croton in Madagascar & the Comoro Is. Received at Kew, NHM and RHS Wisley libraries as a pre-print on 23 Dec 2016 via Martin Cheek, 1-213." title="The Genus Croton in Madagascar & the Comoro Is. Received at Kew, NHM and RHS Wisley libraries as a pre-print on 23 Dec 2016 via Martin Cheek, 1 - 213." year="2016">Radcliffe-Smith (2016)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Meyers & Bolz 170</emphasis>
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(G, MO), comes from the type locality and is a tree 7 m tall, again with unusually wide and long-petiolate leaves for
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. argyrodaphne" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="argyrodaphne">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. argyrodaphne</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, but it only has young floral buds.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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What Leandri recognized as
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leandri" authorityYear="1939" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Croton argyrodaphne subsp. var. var. occidentalis" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="argyrodaphne" subSpecies="var." variety="occidentalis">Croton argyrodaphne var. occidentalis</taxonomicName>
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is a rather distinctive element of this species, with a western, subcoastal distribution. The plants are small trees, and the leaves have yellowish pigmentation along the midvein on the adaxial leaf surfaces, but other than that they conform well to the general aspect of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="C. argyrodaphne" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" rank="species" species="argyrodaphne">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. argyrodaphne</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |