405 lines
55 KiB
XML
405 lines
55 KiB
XML
<document id="68C1F91B6EC34DF1AA9888EAC07C1292" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cf1ba4ed-1834-4817-beb7-d6b1b9143acc" ModsDocID="z01587p043" checkinTime="1247321488904" checkinUser="thomas" docAuthor="Vinícius Abilhoa & Luiz Fernando Duboc" docDate="2007" docId="CDED71FBBEF24895F8D791A3A82C661C" docLanguage="en" docName="2007_Abilhoa_Duboc_gg2.xml" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1587" docSource="http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B2CDDEA9-F47C-444F-BA47-DB7D7EC8D49A" docTitle="Astyanax varzeae Abilhoa & Duboc, 2007, new species" docType="treatment" docUuid="7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="3CCB0BA406D0A364B1C97BDD47CC7932" masterDocTitle="A new species of the freshwater fish genus Astyanax (Ostariophysi: Characidae) from the rio Iguacu basin, southeastern Brazil." masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="43" pageNumber="45" updateTime="1701314712145" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="8F73D57A154DA28AD3A3956381E9D643" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="FD07CCD90405E25ABD16315D3ECCC719">
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<mods:title id="A878BDAA58C67758DDF7ED4887E8CF0E">A new species of the freshwater fish genus Astyanax (Ostariophysi: Characidae) from the rio Iguacu basin, southeastern Brazil.</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="38D02C741DF9A7882C290144A193C508" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="4D890F7D10232AA4B9E9E3BCD166E270">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D806038B734E11EA905A24FCB0C6A871">Vinícius Abilhoa</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="F0B4CA98F10FA173C96C9359E537D91C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="81C9647FA02ADF6F5EADDAFBEFDC4801">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7470CB04BBEDAFEAF60732855BC687D2">Luiz Fernando Duboc</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="999170393AC7F5281C31FB198B02303E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="6C042182113FB6FE377238834083FAB8">
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<mods:title id="1947D777EBCF6175FB19A2D04485856D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="A5B3906D6D3CA8389D0DD992331F5347">
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<mods:date id="19118B1BC395F952CB62D9721B24D4E4">2007</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="ADB16131BA24075CBDB816D2A798666E" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="388086D610B5D5467E058F8DA684AF9C">1587</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="AE8451A753BE3A3F904E084FC5D373CD">43</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="3C7D0A47E6790D7BFA81B721749DBE98">52</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="8BA7EFF3EE75A90761EC1820F4CEC6D4">
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<mods:url id="FA622D0B23209FEC2FB5307B6C3633EE">http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:B2CDDEA9-F47C-444F-BA47-DB7D7EC8D49A</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="A2A7D77175A3FBAAA5694CCB761E2E5E">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="4835239D9AFAC94A9963CC12E8BD420D" type="Plazi-Custom">z01587p043</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="060EEDC4497DEEB431F497840A967E9C" type="ZooBank">B2CDDEA9-F47C-444F-BA47-DB7D7EC8D49A</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="CDED71FBBEF24895F8D791A3A82C661C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6249078" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100123582" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6249078" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CDED71FBBEF24895F8D791A3A82C661C" lastPageNumber="50" pageNumber="45">
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<subSubSection id="DDFBC0C478ACB7D73773CEF89D2BA94F" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FCC77DD5F29BEE565837D36FAD9C7886" pageNumber="45">
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<taxonomicName id="1792D92498BC20E08F72D73FD62E54C3" ID-CoL="J5VN" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">Astyanax varzeae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="0D32E53E8AB1109D80FF15B6F8E69602" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="FEDC9C359D54961012710A99CCBEFC53" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A7012AB32FA7218471E108383719F0DF" pageNumber="45">(Figs. 2-4; Table 1)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6344764D500E75ED9E45BB392C0F5BEA" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="DE781405EEE72344FE647112728734C0" pageNumber="45">
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<taxonomicName id="87C123FC1B6B854ED355363AE928309B" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sp. f">Astyanax sp. F</taxonomicName>
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. Haluch & Abilhoa, 2005: 384 (fig.1), 387 (comparative material).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="43BEC76387EE4BDF939B210B29213580" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="04CD2593D269D18A7BD05E60A3BE7608" pageNumber="45">
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<materialsCitation id="375F35644E62C5CAE1E3D4DC97D45B23" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923905751" collectingDate="1999-03" collectionCode="MHNCI" collectorName="A. Schwarz" country="Brazil" latitude="-25.916666" location="Tijucas do Sul, rio Sao Joao, rio da Varzea headwaters, an affluent of rio Negro, upper rio Iguacu basin" longitude="-49.166668" specimenCode="MHNCI 11688" stateProvince="Parana" typeStatus="Holotype">
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<typeStatus id="2F63BFB04D1EEF9F17EE73EA7C09A0CF">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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<specimenCode id="03C35011212F0D9AEB9C8378BADF4ABC">
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<collectionCode id="84F508CB5A5118600F268957DDA555F1">MHNCI</collectionCode>
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11688
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</specimenCode>
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, 83.1 mm SL,
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<collectingCountry id="3BA58EF0F69F6CA6F8E1995D832F4C57">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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,
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<normalizedToken id="9C6983B88618A19906662531BF671F40" originalValue="Paraná">
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<collectingRegion id="DD93400A7D7810BBF044A0D5C0B7EDE3">Parana</collectingRegion>
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</normalizedToken>
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,
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<location id="1C12C73B356C543DDB5090D8D83A9CC6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CDED71FBBEF24895F8D791A3A82C661C:1C12C73B356C543DDB5090D8D83A9CC6" country="Brazil" latitude="-25.916666" longitude="-49.166668" name="Tijucas do Sul, rio Sao Joao, rio da Varzea headwaters, an affluent of rio Negro, upper rio Iguacu basin" stateProvince="Parana">
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Tijucas do Sul, rio
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<normalizedToken id="BC6425FC531140BF9486D74841CE631F" originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken id="34A8B28996C91F91C476544C48F4B32E" originalValue="João">Joao</normalizedToken>
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, rio da
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<normalizedToken id="ACB2E2FA4E6C2E5E27542F80A7852280" originalValue="Várzea">Varzea</normalizedToken>
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headwaters, an affluent of rio Negro, upper rio
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<normalizedToken id="2145AED8E7C2A952168F5EF53B393732" originalValue="Iguaçu">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
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basin
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</location>
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, approx.
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<geoCoordinate id="F754B0DC6056E4B2F10040F66F043F1D" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-25.916666">25°55’S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="2C5F7DE78FA03AE32EB25D70F54B9601" direction="west" orientation="longitude" value="-49.166668">49°10’W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<collectorName id="90DCE62A887BD3EE2D37A41CAFE1FF99">A. Schwarz</collectorName>
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,
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<date id="B9BF15878EF98B730194BC56E2EAFAAC" month="03" value="1999-03" year="1999">
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<collectingDate id="960AC8215F837A0BDCC13BA80F7D320C" month="03" value="1999-03" year="1999">March 1999</collectingDate>
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</date>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D57D0826C44DE72BCFBED809132D708D" country="Brazil" pageNumber="45">
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<materialsCitation id="8D4D29C4B629A86DFC39EAD8695ABCEE" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923905759" collectingDate="1999-03" collectionCode="MCP" collectorName="A. Schwarz" country="Brazil" latitude="-25.916666" location="Tijucas do Sul, rio Sao Joao, rio da Varzea headwaters, an affluent of rio Negro, upper rio Iguacu basin" longitude="-49.166668" specimenCode="MCP 40535" stateProvince="Parana" typeStatus="Paratypes">
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<typeStatus id="C7FCFA5B859D33567ECAD97CAB5C82B6">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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. Collected with the holotype:
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<specimenCode id="ED3957DEC95AE68E9FC438C5AC7CED02">
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<collectionCode id="2EDFA56A0F044F8B1798BFFCCEC9D853">MCP</collectionCode>
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40535
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</specimenCode>
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, 14, 43.9-72.0 mm SL
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="67FFD2118B4A71AD73CE60A66DBA003D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923905757" collectingDate="1999-03" collectionCode="MHNCI" collectorName="A. Schwarz" country="Brazil" latitude="-25.916666" location="Tijucas do Sul, rio Sao Joao, rio da Varzea headwaters, an affluent of rio Negro, upper rio Iguacu basin" longitude="-49.166668" specimenCode="MHNCI 9146" stateProvince="Parana" typeStatus="Paratype">
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<specimenCode id="1B07E6D6465653D6E98E17FD7BA94E1D">
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<collectionCode id="7BEF50E18191597022C44F1CAF1F6DB3">MHNCI</collectionCode>
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9146
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</specimenCode>
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, 1 c&s, 53.1 mm SL
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</materialsCitation>
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;
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<materialsCitation id="B38C5CE553B62BE6D2D0DEE2DCF30CBD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923905758" collectingDate="1999-03" collectionCode="MHNCI" collectorName="A. Schwarz" country="Brazil" latitude="-25.916666" location="Tijucas do Sul, rio Sao Joao, rio da Varzea headwaters, an affluent of rio Negro, upper rio Iguacu basin" longitude="-49.166668" specimenCode="MHNCI 9147" stateProvince="Parana" typeStatus="Paratypes">
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<specimenCode id="C8E898BAB84339951FCE0C805C426A7D">
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||
<collectionCode id="DDB7102C8F320F312D7513C891341C39">MHNCI</collectionCode>
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9147
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</specimenCode>
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, 15, 43.0-81.8 mm SL (including 2 c&s)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AADA99FD4A0E109956861425FB9E2BAA" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="69FBAA19435A5624E1CB754E666CF461" pageNumber="45">
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Diagnosis. The combination of shallow body depth (28.7-32.9% vs. more than 35% of SL) and the lower number of branched anal-fin rays (15-20 vs. 20-45) include
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<taxonomicName id="993A5E06FD4DB3603FB618A914EE6521" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">Astyanax varzeae</taxonomicName>
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in the
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<taxonomicName id="45F1B87DC4DD2C471D88EC620AE88A30" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scabripinnis">Astyanax scabripinnis species complex</taxonomicName>
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of Bertaco & Lucena (2006).
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<taxonomicName id="CB83413E76285DE4DB11B53BCC878591" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">Astyanax varzeae</taxonomicName>
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differs from
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<taxonomicName id="334F7E175F249F6F30072409331C5A40" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AE44CFDC-63B3-46DF-A875-9C84D52198F0" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax ojiara Azpelicueta & Garcia 2000:246" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ojiara">A. ojiara</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="A2A8FA1C7DADE0DB0DEA8BE933B32F58" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8BA46343-D322-47F5-BDDA-156C7CC75C6B" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax paris Azpelicueta, Almirón & Casciotta 2002:1052" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paris">A. paris</taxonomicName>
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by its shallower body depth (28.7-32.9% vs. 34.0-40.0% of SL in
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<taxonomicName id="83E6D01A95E78BDD0B84CE29B47BF02F" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AE44CFDC-63B3-46DF-A875-9C84D52198F0" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax ojiara Azpelicueta & Garcia 2000:246" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ojiara">A. ojiara</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="5792ED35DDE9EC61E6F350E5CE066E6C" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8BA46343-D322-47F5-BDDA-156C7CC75C6B" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax paris Azpelicueta, Almirón & Casciotta 2002:1052" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paris">A. paris</taxonomicName>
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). Shallow body depth (28.7- 32.9%, mean=30.1) also differs
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<taxonomicName id="5A9980BE3BCBE575EB53155415546B08" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">Astyanax varzeae</taxonomicName>
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from
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<taxonomicName id="6E9D4E4252FFF7A646F242D2CBBE2B4A" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0B1C3AED-1739-41BA-830F-3CAACF68E2C3" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax ita Almirón, Azpelicueta & Casciotta 2002:4" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ita">A. ita</taxonomicName>
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(34.3-39.8%, mean=37.1),
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<taxonomicName id="F157D6C3DDFDDDDB9F1DBB9211AB7EB1" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivularis">A. rivularis</taxonomicName>
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(35.0- 46.0%),
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<taxonomicName id="700C8E2D114945936E7F900E791C5ADA" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:277C9FEE-EFEC-4675-8415-DC69F6205FE7" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax chico Casciotta & Almirón 2004:12" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chico">A. chico</taxonomicName>
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(37.3-43.0%, mean=40.8),
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<taxonomicName id="641791FE04C967A7FB16662795107250" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E47C3BA8-9E72-4C96-B1B3-9167C828A693" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax tumbayaensis Miquelarena & Menni 2005" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tumbayaensis">A. tumbayaensis</taxonomicName>
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(39.2-45.3%, mean=42.4),
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<taxonomicName id="6587961C606D8676F0BB28FA62B86B5C" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:15E68D20-6FA1-43D1-A098-7843F661D1CD" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax hermosus Miquelarena, Protogino & López 2005:14" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hermosus">A. hermosus</taxonomicName>
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(33.9- 38.7%, mean=36.3 in females, 36.1 in males),
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<taxonomicName id="80D0FCE6C933968AED3B9666A97F9BBB" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="endy">A. endy</taxonomicName>
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(36.6-42.2%, mean=39.7 in females, 38.4 in males),
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<taxonomicName id="9C924F75CB7696AD8B0C7F49AEE56E54" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4ED3ADE0-ACC8-43D3-B38F-81A3CA580CCC" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax pampa Casciotta, Almirón & Azpelicueta 2005:401" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pampa">A. pampa</taxonomicName>
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(36.9-42.2%, mean=38.7), and
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<taxonomicName id="1C738B173F955C79B78ACF71DB34D7DC" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laticeps">A. laticeps</taxonomicName>
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(35.3-40.6%, mean=37.9).
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<taxonomicName id="2E0CF8F065F2DA5061D6B2412C017F6F" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:29AF4D2D-D81D-4AA6-BE27-BB43E0C77DFE" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax scabripinnis intermedius Eigenmann 1908:98" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">Astyanax intermedius</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6CE984E2373923D8CF3D69099188801F" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">A. varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its smaller dorsal-fin length (10.7-16.4%, mean=13.4 vs. 19.9-25.9%, mean=23.2).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CAA4C899A60AB5DA2237A81093D6E872" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">Astyanax varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E8073FD5CEEDC6A3E1018F58DCCC5CDA" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9194C269-E169-42D6-93C8-5BCA5CB6006B" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax giton Eigenmann 1908:97" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="giton">A. giton</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its larger head length relative to SL (27.1-29.7%, mean=28.6 vs. 21.4-26.3%, mean=23.7), and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AE1539BA3D188BE940D83F2821E" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="taeniatus">A. taeniatus</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its shorter snout length compared to head length (16.4-23.3%, mean=20.1 vs. 25.3-32.6%, mean=28.6).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="278C64445EA362977A35EFB6392114B8" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">Astyanax varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8CDD6EA30C546774CD246A07AAFFD222" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jenynsii">A. jenynsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its larger orbital diameter relative to head length (30.9-44.5%, mean=37.9 vs. 24.7-27.6%, mean=26.3), and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5218BFD6360A8A5FD7209279C6519923" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="obscurus">A. obscurus</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the greater interorbital width (29.8-37.7%, mean=34.5 vs. 27.7-28.6%, mean=28.2). The presence of bony hooks on all fins but pectoral-fin rays of males separates
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01406E32DCC8DC64730DBE8BAB1E65FF" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E5863476-57AD-4DFB-9869-C74D9004AFD1" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax leonidas Azpelicueta, Casciotta & Almirón 2002:245" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leonidas">A. leonidas</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="892A250AB02653BB562C61BC74AC0FAD" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:290BA648-48A7-485B-AFDF-9A33A7AE0F21" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax troya Azpelicueta, Casciotta & Almirón 2002:249" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="troya">A. troya</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9A37455F6E92E34CFFBA94353145EAF3" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">A. varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the presence of bony hooks on pelvic and anal-fin rays of males separates
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DC18D7C71BEBC2AC1022DD2AA6E1B87C" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6149B72D-C101-4514-872B-901D3FE5B351" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax totae Ferreira Haluch & Abilhoa 2005" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">A. totae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="69B104864B68EB8C14C795F0C19382E4" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:94922DB2-D108-4123-9084-747064551DFB" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax cremnobates Bertaco & Malabarba 2001:224" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cremnobates">A. cremnobates</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="400706E0F9D8119C15607AC5C8D651B2" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B4F6E497-01EE-42A7-824A-D2C14B4E32F5" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax brachypterygium Bertaco & Malabarba 2001:228" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brachypterygium">A. brachypterygium</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8D49D096B53699E46FE63E4AB8ACD64A" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">A. varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The occurrence of two humeral spots (second one faint) distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0CE8D2A20E8E568BD01734B65B8677D6" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">A. varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DDC4A01D933B0C1C4F946BB80214631A" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:157DFA24-9B25-4823-9EDC-0D27B2FF971B" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax scabripinnis paranae Eigenmann 1914:47" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paranae">A. paranae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7F70605FCA6F05350B83C411F5D68343" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E8B1E2F2-6AF9-4A9F-BC77-64C31F7A0682" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax microschemos Bertaco & Lucena 2006" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microschemos">A. microschemos</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3874551F42039B0BCD9E1E0038B88AB" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:177C2EDE-B926-41AB-86D8-ECE5AFDB64A8" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax pelecus Bertaco & Lucena 2006" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pelecus">A. pelecus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(single humeral spot).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C0157AF48634CE40202608A1BA73628C" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="9014451AA513F17B39FF37E53D62D0A8" pageNumber="46">Description. Morphometric data of holotype and paratypes are presented in Table 1. Body moderately elongated, compressed, greatest depth at dorsal fin origin, 3.1 to 3.5 times in SL.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EF02405514855B63C4FE1DB6C2AAF1EA" pageNumber="46">Dorsal profile of head straight. Dorsal body profile between the supraoccipital spine through dorsal-fin origin gently convex, and almost straight from the end of dorsal-fin base to caudal peduncle. Base of dorsal fin straight. Ventral profile of head gently rounded. Body profile from the margin of lower lip to anal-fin origin convex. Anal-fin base straight. Caudal peduncle elongated with dorsal and ventral profiles nearly straight.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="3C83FB1A5DE3F45B564CB3B31FD8F4F4" pageNumber="46">Snout profile rounded, shorter than orbital diameter. Postero-ventral edge of third infraorbital distant from preopercle, leaving wide naked border between these bones. Mouth terminal, angled posteroventrally. Maxilla reaching a vertical line through the middle of the orbit, with 1 to 3 (usually 2) tricuspid teeth.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B5195C16289C689305C79BE6FE434FA5" pageNumber="46">Premaxilla with two tooth rows. Outer row with 3 (2), 4* (21) tricuspid teeth, with central cuspid developed. Inner row with 5 teeth gently expanded distally, slightly compressed at distal tips. Symphysial tooth narrower and deeper, with 4 or 5 cusps. Second, third and fourth teeth with 5 cusps. Fifth tooth smaller, with 4 cusps. In all teeth central cusp slightly larger than remaining ones. Dentary with 7 teeth. First four anterior teeth larger, usually with 5 cusps, followed by 3 very smaller tricuspid teeth (Fig. 4).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6CF98ABB0215ACE4A6BC924395742294" pageNumber="46">Dorsal-fin rays ii, 9. Posterior margin of dorsal-fin straight. Dorsal-fin origin approximately at middle of SL. Pelvic-fin rays i, 7. Pelvic-fin origin located slightly anterior to vertical through dorsal-fin origin. Pectoral-fin rays 11 (3), 12 (14), 13* (13). Anal-fin with iii-iv, 15 (1), 16 (5), 17* (16), 18 (7), 20 (1) rays. Adiposefin located approximately at vertical through insertion of base of last anal-fin rays. Caudal-fin forked, lobes similar in size, slightly rounded, and with 19 principal rays.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D9E64EF911D4BA28DE2E87E2085AAD7C" pageNumber="47">Lateral line complete, with 37 (1), 38 (6), 39* (16), 40 (6), 42 (1) perforated scales. Six series of scales between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line. Four or five series of scales between lateral line and pelvic-fin insertion. Circumpeduncular scales 14* (4), 15 (7), 16 (19).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D92A1D3677030401A3BB3CEBC25EF99D" pageNumber="47">In three cleared and stained specimens procurrent caudal-fin rays 8 or 10 dorsal and ventral. First gill arch with 19 gill rakers (7 epibranchial, 9 ceratobranchial, 1 on cartilage between epibranchial and ceratobranchial, and 2 hypobranchial), vertebrae 36, 37 or 38 (18 precaudal and 18, 19 or 20 caudal). Supraneurals 5.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5E9D43724C4A700FFA0D6E36713B1F12" pageNumber="47">Color in alcohol. Preserved specimens with dorsal and lateral parts of the body medium brown to pale yellowish. Dark chromatophores concentrated on middorsal surface of head and body. Humeral spot narrow and vertically elongated, two scales wide above lateral line. Body with black, pigmented, midlateral stripe extending from humeral region to the median caudal-fin rays. The anterior portion of the stripe expanded, sometimes forming a faint second humeral spot, more clearly visible in smaller specimens (Fig. 3). Fins with scattered dark chromatophores.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="39C9EC9F8EF4D2A5EBE1EBA378BBCA1A" pageNumber="47">Sexual dimorphism. None of the specimens examined have bony hooks on the fins or any other sexually dimorphic feature.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="9E13EF35667535EA1AA62C1BFD39E557" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="5B099BEE893670706BA93454E2048DFB" pageNumber="48">
|
||
Etymology. The species name, varzeae, is in reference to the sample locality, rio da
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F1B601C0BBC0D042A0DBE53B588AB6F1" originalValue="Várzea">Varzea</normalizedToken>
|
||
drainage, a tributary of the upper rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="F4155C06A737DF5EEA2B071DDD621FF6" originalValue="Iguaçu">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
basin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5B8C9FE2842586AEBC6DA67EC02185A7" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="C3885DC756A1146C7ADB97A393082F7D" pageNumber="48">
|
||
Distribution.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5266C48B8C5EAFEC02D35D41F8640CA" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">Astyanax varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from the rio da
|
||
<normalizedToken id="70EC110E7074DD45543CB353BC8C719D" originalValue="Várzea">Varzea</normalizedToken>
|
||
headwaters, an affluent of rio Negro, a tributary of the upper portions of the rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E3A19D064D827D621B408EFF23B514A1" originalValue="Iguaçu">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
in
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B32FB0C60D1EE2EB8B9F04B322438EEE" originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
|
||
State, Brazil.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="909C9E213F9DAD9777528D5AC2F1A6D1" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="3C1E9BF26D95496035DBC3ABCD984E7E" pageNumber="48">
|
||
Ecological notes.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E833C119F94AB9127BD342A8B9A4CFC7" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">Astyanax varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
was collected in a headwater stream with clear water, light to moderate current water and bottom with stones, sand and moderate amount of vegetal debris.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E8E0FBB179746C556D0752C970677DB5" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="DBF679738A50E626B62F7ADB7C355124" pageNumber="48">Discussion</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B7723650521238CBBB354994815A1546" pageNumber="48">
|
||
Despite the fact that the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6AEBA642359E9C32270CECDD1DE40925" originalValue="Iguaçu">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
River is a large tributary of the Parana River, many fishes that occur in rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="011CAF4C7A9EA3C76A296BCE8D3F1B13" originalValue="Paraná">Parana</normalizedToken>
|
||
basin are not found in rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6E7E68B2D3E7D8C6F47F985DACA4230E" originalValue="Iguaçu">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
basin. In fact, the fish fauna of this hydrographic basin has a unique evolutionary history, and the endemism of its ichthyofauna is probably related with the geographic isolation imposed by the
|
||
<normalizedToken id="79F154621536BDF4381A0DC33D63C11C" originalValue="Iguaçu">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
falls (Severi & Cordeiro 1994; Garavello et al. 1997).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="6C8207948B3E81D4C149D09681F5C494" pageNumber="48">
|
||
Furthermore, recent collecting efforts in the upper rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="75427798B507E451F162659392EE4164" originalValue="Iguaçu">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
basin showed that the biogeographic history of the ichthyofauna in that watershed is likely to be more complex than described herein. The fish fauna of the upper rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="EE2A5FE35BAB14D52911741D08BCB845" originalValue="Iguaçu">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
basin, for example, consists mostly of species that does not occur in the lower portions of the river, and also components endemic to the coastal drainage.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="EF1F7644455F8DDC6F414977D73BF6E1" pageNumber="48">
|
||
The characterization of the upper reaches of the rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DC00625400CC32F3E19CD1A6782094F6" originalValue="Iguaçu">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
basin as an area of endemism was already proposed by Abilhoa (2004) and Ingenito et al. (2004), who subdivided the upper rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="DACCAD1985CC36367B93DB11C1333361" originalValue="Iguaçu">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
basin in two portions: rio Negro basin and rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="5EE01DDBA8688A350109B9D10362E229" originalValue="Iguaçu">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
headwaters. These authors listed several species with their geographic distribution restricted in each region (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="363F39309B38E55719889FB34FA55274" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5A366826-6D0F-4785-9A30-5422C7F9F67B" family="Loricariidae" genus="Pareiorhaphis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Pareiorhaphis parmula Pereira 2005:272" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parmula">Pareiorhaphis parmula</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C5F6D738FE0E9BA9E90B3DF4FEB7B979" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6149B72D-C101-4514-872B-901D3FE5B351" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax totae Ferreira Haluch & Abilhoa 2005" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="totae">Astyanax totae</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6294061135FCD42CB36285A9D8A3895B" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:35063369-E231-4E03-A49C-EE29CD36526F" family="Loricariidae" genus="Ancistrus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Ancistrus Kner 1854:272" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Ancistrus</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F1B2AD7E0BAADE8C57229BE479246505" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0FBA6282-7C63-46BB-964D-66D45DB6133E" family="Loricariidae" genus="Rineloricaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Rineloricaria Bleeker 1862:3" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Rineloricaria</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="418FA8BECD01AE4DAD2F5684CDDBF3ED" family="Heptapteridae" genus="Heptapterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="stwearti">Heptapterus stwearti</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C3C54BA06F26C07519D5D6BFCB567AD7" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D11FBE09-11EC-43EF-8BD7-21BE3F735BC1" family="Trichomycteridae" genus="Trichomycterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Trichomycterus naipi Wosiacki & Garavello 2004:2" order="Siluriformes" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naipi">Trichomycterus naipi</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="980F87BF6DD5F09DDC7D1662B5EF5E83" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:62421648-3112-4134-870B-88D73FD7386C" family="Poeciliidae" genus="Cnesterodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Cnesterodon carnegiei Haseman 1911:385" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carnegiei">Cnesterodon carnegiei</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="141D26FC64FE0280EAEB7CB99B7CF551" family="Anablepidae" genus="Jenynsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eigenmanni">Jenynsia eigenmanni</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The identification of a new species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="358CD028A1C9E4FA651CD03BDAD24CE0" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4DB39814-5BBA-4D7B-8C5D-F830AB26824D" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854:26" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Astyanax</taxonomicName>
|
||
endemic to one portion of the upper
|
||
<normalizedToken id="AADCCAE127DDF378EEAA19DFD622C895" originalValue="Iguaçu">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
river basin supports that hypothesis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="608FB7A5E808BAE47AD34F292D20BE20" pageNumber="49">
|
||
Regarding still undescribed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BF50B11A253406FE5809D7EA1C0A74F0" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4DB39814-5BBA-4D7B-8C5D-F830AB26824D" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854:26" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Astyanax</taxonomicName>
|
||
species occurring in the rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="082F8B8544B23D2B881B44B3DC782D9D" originalValue="Iguaçu">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
basin recorded by Sampaio (1988) and Severi & Cordeiro (1994),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BF4277B86D849B8B1F2CB0125081643" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">A. varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished by the lower body depth compared to SL (28.7-32.9%, mean=30.1) from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3A860CC164F6A49339DB5C1624D850D9" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sp. b">Astyanax sp. B</taxonomicName>
|
||
(35.2-42.5%, mean=38.5),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0763C267919B32754D756B8997D9706F" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sp. c">Astyanax sp. C</taxonomicName>
|
||
(35.8-44.9%, mean=39.7),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="6030990CD82E0783F01FBA8ED0F4126D" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sp. d">Astyanax sp. D</taxonomicName>
|
||
(34.2-39.7%, mean=36.3), and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9257DC5F58E2505D5508BCEBD70178BC" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sp. e">Astyanax sp. E</taxonomicName>
|
||
(32.0-46.9%, mean=37.7).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BCC1A0D3DDF4E6AC13D26CA4F19349ED" pageNumber="49">
|
||
Although the species described here was first identified by Haluch & Abilhoa (2005) as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EA9EA2854744561704BEA15F429EDC47" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sp. f">Astyanax sp. F</taxonomicName>
|
||
, another endemic morphotype recorded by several authors to the medium and lower portions of the rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="B442EA53494056B5D17C407449E7B0D6" originalValue="Iguaçu">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
basin (Severi & Cordeiro, 1994; Garavello et al., 1997; Baumgartner et al, 2006), the shorter snout length relative to head length differs
|
||
<taxonomicName id="13192E2DFC2301F38780DAB86F4C0367" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">A. varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="55AA2198F88446E5B8F78CF9F0E69477" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sp. f">Astyanax sp. F</taxonomicName>
|
||
(16.4-23.3%, mean=20.1 vs. 24.6-32.6%, mean=28.2). This morphotype was created by Sampaio (1988) to describe what seems to be a heterogeneous
|
||
<taxonomicName id="60B42B62FE426318F949382CD1F6121C" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4DB39814-5BBA-4D7B-8C5D-F830AB26824D" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax Baird & Girard 1854:26" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Astyanax</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which exhibit body depth of 28.5 to 39.6% in relation to SL, 2 to 5 maxillary teeth, 1 to 4 teeth in outer row premaxilla, 17 to 22 branched anal-fin rays, and 7 to 9 pelvic-fin rays. Given that Sampaio (1988) did not analyze specimens from rio da
|
||
<normalizedToken id="AA58358F62BE64CBC22E6655A7A9C4DA" originalValue="Várzea">Varzea</normalizedToken>
|
||
headwaters, and the analysis carried out here clearly distinguish
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9C5E8C74C366FBA90E5F711E60B46575" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">Astyanax varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4A8A020DB99C1CE936D2BF1F64BF40AF" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sp. f">Astyanax sp. F</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we recognize them as distinct species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="AA06CA7F8CEA3FF2DF8F2CE7A8A60DFD" lastPageNumber="50" pageNumber="49">
|
||
The frequent presence of two humeral spots differs the new species from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B6DFC6D6208E38600117F6A9948D1E35" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D3172848-EBCB-4F31-9638-E4971B4E1461" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax janeiroensis Eigenmann 1908:96" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="janeiroensis">A. janeiroensis Eigenmann</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="349532F4995AF2905B63B7A5D8CBC724" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scabripinnis">Astyanax aff. scabripinnis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(from coastal drainage of southeastern Brazil - MHNCI 7824, MHNCI 7844, MHNCI 7858) (humeral spot well-defined, black and round, with a vertically elongated line extended anteroventrally), and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F6C7EBAE78E49795DF6E544A8EA53125" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E8B1E2F2-6AF9-4A9F-BC77-64C31F7A0682" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax microschemos Bertaco & Lucena 2006" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="microschemos">A microschemos</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DEE5C2282B0FDD9FDC5FE3FF41DFEBA6" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:177C2EDE-B926-41AB-86D8-ECE5AFDB64A8" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax pelecus Bertaco & Lucena 2006" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pelecus">A. pelecus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Furthermore, these last two species inhabit drainages very distant from the rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FC04915C42E789E1FD3CEFADC020ED9E" originalValue="Iguaçu">Iguacu</normalizedToken>
|
||
basin.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79BC0ADAE3CA68DF643B99F2CB2FE6FB" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">Astyanax varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
also differs from the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4B216FB813F34238709A86140AF90808" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D3172848-EBCB-4F31-9638-E4971B4E1461" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax janeiroensis Eigenmann 1908:96" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="janeiroensis">A. janeiroensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MCZ 21057) by the lower body depth (28.7-32.9, mean=30.1 versus 36.9% of SL).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BECAAABCF5498CE0FC1C929ADC79A3BC" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Despite de absence of secondary sexual characteristics (bony hooks) in the specimens examined, the larger orbital diameter also separates
|
||
<taxonomicName id="68EF80B42191E8D11D09BCA7DA675207" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">A varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="109DCC02A6E6A32DB9CFC0FD3CC4770F" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B4F6E497-01EE-42A7-824A-D2C14B4E32F5" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax brachypterygium Bertaco & Malabarba 2001:228" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brachypterygium">A. brachypterygium</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8CFAF8656192C9D67B2F4FBD6C36545F" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:94922DB2-D108-4123-9084-747064551DFB" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax cremnobates Bertaco & Malabarba 2001:224" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cremnobates">A. cremnobates</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BFA033E7B02F9376EA01E7D566380910" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6149B72D-C101-4514-872B-901D3FE5B351" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax totae Ferreira Haluch & Abilhoa 2005" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="totae">A. totae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(30.9- 44.5%, mean=37.9 vs. 24.8-34.8%, mean=29.0 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="19080A0FBF262105C58EAF24CF2025E0" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B4F6E497-01EE-42A7-824A-D2C14B4E32F5" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax brachypterygium Bertaco & Malabarba 2001:228" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brachypterygium">A. brachypterygium</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 28.1-35.4%, mean=32.1 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="54105E3AE87EDDB8DF7BDC57CEFABA3E" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:94922DB2-D108-4123-9084-747064551DFB" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax cremnobates Bertaco & Malabarba 2001:224" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cremnobates">A. cremnobates</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and 25.4-42.6%, mean=35.7 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="558FFA2FE4FC02650A45876E162DFF4E" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6149B72D-C101-4514-872B-901D3FE5B351" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax totae Ferreira Haluch & Abilhoa 2005" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="totae">A. totae</taxonomicName>
|
||
; Fig. 5). Although the orbital diameter in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CFC25E5CB990167E75BF603A70505DF" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">A. varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
partially overlaps the range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F331FD811C53DFE6A1C2B83941040C50" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B4F6E497-01EE-42A7-824A-D2C14B4E32F5" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax brachypterygium Bertaco & Malabarba 2001:228" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brachypterygium">A. brachypterygium</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="443A7A7C5344C19CE2502B688B086172" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:94922DB2-D108-4123-9084-747064551DFB" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax cremnobates Bertaco & Malabarba 2001:224" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cremnobates">A. cremnobates</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D139650FC11C2C108A7F3778594CF955" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6149B72D-C101-4514-872B-901D3FE5B351" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax totae Ferreira Haluch & Abilhoa 2005" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="totae">A. totae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, significant differences using one-way analysis of variance test were found among the species (F=67.91, P=0.001; Fig. 6).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="A763A2C2A5E2C63C02CF5BF1AC371911" lastPageNumber="51" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="890D9739CB1299AE29BE61C04502BE7D" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">Astyanax varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from Eigenmann’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B5CD8C341A0B1A1F305346AFED30A8E0" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scabripinnis">Astyanax scabripinnis</taxonomicName>
|
||
subspecies, all recognized as valid species by Bertaco & Malabarba (2001), Lucena & Lucena (2002) and Lima et al. (2003).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3EB055BFEBD17874F1413791CDD8278C" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">Astyanax varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs from the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1385A7970F2506408F95AE2273CB1377" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="scabripinnis">A. scabripinnis (Jenyns)</taxonomicName>
|
||
(BMNH 1917.7.14:15) by the lower number of branched anal-fin rays (15-20 versus 21) and from the syntypes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3638D0C9C1F2AEAD6A04079D5D8798C7" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longirostris">D. longirostris (Steindachner)</taxonomicName>
|
||
(NMW 57633, 2) by the shorter snout length compared to head length (16.4-23.3%, mean=20.1 versus 29.3%). Although it was not possible to analyze the type material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C148D27C1B05C9E4AFC229032FFCB549" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:157DFA24-9B25-4823-9EDC-0D27B2FF971B" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax scabripinnis paranae Eigenmann 1914:47" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paranae">A. paranae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, we examined one lot from the upper rio Tibagi basin (type-region of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="AE4906F5A127CFE123F70617EF3090E9" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:157DFA24-9B25-4823-9EDC-0D27B2FF971B" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax scabripinnis paranae Eigenmann 1914:47" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paranae">A. paranae</taxonomicName>
|
||
): MHNCI 8138 (rio Tibagi, locality of Palmeira), identified by Bertaco & Lucena (2006) as morphologically similar to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8980CDCE0C7FAFC3DCBC200FD7A81511" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:157DFA24-9B25-4823-9EDC-0D27B2FF971B" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax scabripinnis paranae Eigenmann 1914:47" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paranae">A. paranae</taxonomicName>
|
||
holotype. One-way analysis of variance test indicated significant differences (F=11.18, P=0.001; Fig. 7) in snout length compared to head length between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7F8FF25F6F51D0840AB950F9B5B46807" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">A varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(16.4-23.3%, mean=20.1) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7239C15C43090034164D78D1D7813139" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:157DFA24-9B25-4823-9EDC-0D27B2FF971B" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax scabripinnis paranae Eigenmann 1914:47" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paranae">A. paranae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(16.0-20.4%, mean=18.1). The occurrence of two humeral spots (second one faint) also distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="013702AA169ED69B9F50E150F70CCB7D" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">A. varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4204C61DB4D50572C676D6AB8DFCA48" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:157DFA24-9B25-4823-9EDC-0D27B2FF971B" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax scabripinnis paranae Eigenmann 1914:47" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="paranae">A. paranae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(single humeral spot). Characters distinguishing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B26A640B0CA0A76A96E7E9859CA676D5" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jenynsii">A. jenynsii</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B679A30E30CCAE3D8059115E7C9B2A47" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="laticeps">A. laticeps</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="28C793536E6832195E8320A8F8BEA9B4" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:29AF4D2D-D81D-4AA6-BE27-BB43E0C77DFE" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Astyanax scabripinnis intermedius Eigenmann 1908:98" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">A. intermedius</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="901D3917346F2A13EB0E035C6AE9E930" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rivularis">A. rivularis</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C3DEBEFA31A0B76603C07ABA40B5DAC2" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7A11D37F-F8DE-45C5-B87D-C5ED297E9B76" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="varzeae null" order="Characiformes" pageNumber="50" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varzeae">A. varzeae</taxonomicName>
|
||
were discussed under diagnosis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |