plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/CD/65/42/CD6542161D2E993292776EDAFC06C0AC.xml
maintenance a78e4ba084 added CD
2024-06-21 12:52:06 +02:00

433 lines
49 KiB
XML
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.630.10397" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dca1c692-560a-4591-9911-ab0bc267b454" ID-PMC="PMC5126522" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-630-19" ID-PubMed="27917040" ID-ZBK="F11A13A673B744FAB36C416F07E92A1D" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-630-19" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 630" ModsDocTitle="Two new species and a remarkable record of the genus Dendronotus from the North Pacific and Arctic oceans (Nudibranchia)" checkinTime="1478751822999" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Korshunova, Tatiana, Sanamyan, Nadezhda, Zimina, Olga, Fletcher, Karin &amp; Martynov, Alexander" docDate="2016" docId="CD6542161D2E993292776EDAFC06C0AC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 630: 19-42" docOrigin="ZooKeys 630" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.630.10397" docTitle="Dendronotus robilliardi Korshunova, Sanamyan, Zimina, Fletcher &amp; Martynov, 2016, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="2BA57DC2-EFC9-4662-8A9C-931F69589DE9" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="8769DB1CFFB3FFD1FFA7FF9EFFCCFFF9" masterDocTitle="Two new species and a remarkable record of the genus Dendronotus from the North Pacific and Arctic oceans (Nudibranchia)" masterLastPageNumber="42" masterPageNumber="19" pageNumber="23" updateTime="1668163687610" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Two new species and a remarkable record of the genus Dendronotus from the North Pacific and Arctic oceans (Nudibranchia)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Korshunova, Tatiana</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sanamyan, Nadezhda</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zimina, Olga</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Fletcher, Karin</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Martynov, Alexander</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>630</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>19</mods:start>
<mods:end>42</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.630.10397</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.630.10397</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-630-19</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">F11A13A673B744FAB36C416F07E92A1D</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F11A13A673B744FAB36C416F07E92A1D</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127878955" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2BA57DC2-EFC9-4662-8A9C-931F69589DE9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CD6542161D2E993292776EDAFC06C0AC" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="23">
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="23" type="multiple">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="23">Taxon classification Animalia Nudibranchia Dendronotidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/2BA57DC2-EFC9-4662-8A9C-931F69589DE9" class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="23" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="4" pageNumber="23">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 2, 3B
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="24" start="start">Dendronotus</pageBreakToken>
albus
</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation author="Robilliard, GA" journalOrPublisher="Veliger" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" pagination="433 - 479" title="The systematics and some aspects of the ecology of the genus Dendronotus." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42516695" volume="12" year="1970">Robilliard 1970</bibRefCitation>
: 466-470, pl. 64, fig 34, text figs 2-4, 6, 22-24 (excluding part of Geographical section, p. 469-Baja California);
<bibRefCitation author="Morris, HR" journalOrPublisher="Stanford University Press, California" pageId="15" pageNumber="34" title="Intertidal Invertebrates of California." url="https://books.google.com" year="1980">Morris et al. 1980</bibRefCitation>
: 332-333, part;
<bibRefCitation author="McDonald, GR" journalOrPublisher="Malacologia" pageId="15" pageNumber="34" pagination="114 - 276" title="A review of the nudibranchs of the California coast." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/13108595" volume="24" year="1983">McDonald 1983</bibRefCitation>
: 172, part;
<bibRefCitation author="Koh, DB" journalOrPublisher="Australian Museum, Sydney" pageId="15" pageNumber="34" title="Dendronotusalbus-new record from Korea." url="10.1186/1742-9994-10-59" volumeTitle="Sea Slug Forum" year="2006">Koh 2006</bibRefCitation>
: locality information and photo;
<bibRefCitation author="Lloyd, M" journalOrPublisher="Australian Museum, Sydney" pageId="15" pageNumber="34" title="Dendronotusalbus from Vancouver Island." url="http://www.seaslugforum.net/find/20738" volumeTitle="Sea Slug Forum" year="2007">Lloyd 2007</bibRefCitation>
: locality information and photo;
<bibRefCitation author="Martynov, AV" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Kamchatka State Technical University" pageId="15" pageNumber="34" pagination="62 - 87" title="Review of the opisthobranch mollusc fauna of Russian Far Eastern seas: Pleurobranchomorpha, Doridida and Nudibranchia." url="10.17217/2079-0333-2015-34-62-87" volume="34" year="2015 b">Martynov et al. 2015b</bibRefCitation>
: 74-75 pp, figs 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="в">v</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="г">g</normalizedToken>
; Ekimova et al. prepublication: 2-10, figs 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
, 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="D–G">D-G</normalizedToken>
, 4A (non
<taxonomicName family="Dendronotidae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="5" pageNumber="24" rank="species" species="albus">albus</taxonomicName>
MacFarland, 1966).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="24">
Holotype, ZMMU Op-568, 35 mm long (live), NW Pacific, Kamchatka, Starichkov Island,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="52.78348">
52°47.009'
<normalizedToken originalValue="N–">N-</normalizedToken>
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="158.60309">158°36.185'E</geoCoordinate>
, 17.09.2015, depth 11.5 m, stones, SCUBA diving, collector N.P. Sanamyan. 1 paratype, ZMMU Op-567, same locality and collectors as holotype. 1 paratype, ZMMU Op-447, same locality and collectors as holotype. 1 paratype (egg mass only), ZMMU Op-570, same locality and collectors. 1 paratype, ZMMU Op-569, NW Pacific, Kamchatka, Zhirovaya Bay,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="52.61278">
52°36.767'
<normalizedToken originalValue="N–">N-</normalizedToken>
</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="158.4553">158°27.318'E</geoCoordinate>
, 12.06.2016, depth 18 m, stones, SCUBA diving, collector N.P. Sanamyan.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="24" type="type locality">
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="24">Type locality.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="24">The NW Pacific, Kamchatka, Russia.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="25">
<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="25" start="start">Etymology</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="25">
In honour of Gordon Robilliard (Gig Harbor, Washington State, USA), the author of the classic study on the genus
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Dendronotus</taxonomicName>
, including the description of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus diversicolor" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversicolor">Dendronotus diversicolor</taxonomicName>
Robilliard, 1970. For a long time Robilliard attempted to resolve status of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus diversicolor" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversicolor">Dendronotus diversicolor</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Behrens, DW" journalOrPublisher="Australian Museum, Sydney" pageId="14" pageNumber="33" title="Comment on Dendronotusalbus - new record from Korea by Dong Bum Koh." url="http://www.seaslugforum.net/find/16223" volumeTitle="Sea Slug Forum" year="2006">Behrens 2006</bibRefCitation>
);
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus diversicolor" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversicolor">Dendronotus diversicolor</taxonomicName>
was finally synonymised with
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
based on molecular data forty years later by
<bibRefCitation author="Stout, CC" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Molluscan Studies" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" pagination="367 - 375" title="Phylogenetic analysis of Dendronotus nudibranchs with emphasis on northeastern Pacific species." url="10.1093/mollus/eyq022" volume="76" year="2010">Stout et al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
(see also Discussion below). Here molecular evidence is provided showing the existence of another species in the NW Pacific belonging to the
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
complex; therefore, this is a good opportunity to honour the important contributions of Gordon Robilliard to the systematics of the genus
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Dendronotus</taxonomicName>
, and particularly to the
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
species complex problem.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="25">5-6 pairs branched dorsolateral appendages, digestive gland penetrates 3-4 pairs of dorsolateral appendages, general colour translucent white, dorsolateral appendages colour variable, orange-copper pigment present or completely lacking, tips opaque white, opaque white stripes on tips of dorsal appendages and tail, central tooth with up to 15 small distinct denticles without furrows, vas deferens short, conical penis.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="25">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="25">
Body elongate, 30-35 mm in length (Fig. 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
). 4-5 branched appendages of oral veil, 4-6 appendages of rhinophoral stalks, 11-12 rhinophoral lamellae, unbranched (or with few small branches) rhinophoral lateral papilla present, 5-6 pairs larger branched dorsolateral appendages and 1-3 pairs smaller unbranched appendages reaching tip of tail, 5-10 lip papillae. Dorsolateral appendages with moderate primary stalk and secondary branches, and pointed tertiary branches, digestive gland penetrates 3-4 pairs of dorsolateral appendages including posterior ones (Fig. 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
). Reproductive and anal openings placed laterally on right side.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="25">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="25">
Figure 2.
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="6" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n.: A holotype ZMMU Op-568, live, dorsal view B same, lateral view C same, ventral view D paratype ZMMU Op-569, live, dorsal view E egg mass in situ, same collection data as holotype F paratype ZMMU Op-567, jaws and radula in situ, dorsal view G same, jaws, lateral views H same, penis I same, posterior rows of radula, SEM J same, details of central teeth, SEM K same, details of lateral teeth, SEM. Scale bars I, K = 30
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
J = 10
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
. Photos of living specimens by Nadezhda Sanamyan, other photos and SEM images by Alexander Martynov.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="26" start="start">General</pageBreakToken>
colour translucent white with opaque white stripes on oral veil appendages, rhinophoral sheaths, posterior part of dorsum and on tips of dorsal appendages; orange-copper marks in middle part of dorsal and oral processes (Fig. 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
), or absent (Fig. 2D).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
Dorsal processes of jaws inclined posteriorly at approximately 60° to longitudinal axis of jaw body and 0.45 of its length (Fig. 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="F–G">F-G</normalizedToken>
). Masticatory borders with ridge-like denticles. Radula formula 43
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3
<normalizedToken originalValue="–9.1.9–">-9.1.9-</normalizedToken>
3. Central tooth with up to 15 small distinct denticles (Fig. 2I, J), without furrows. Lateral teeth slightly curved, bearing up to seven distinct long denticles (Fig. 2K).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Reproductive system triaulic (Fig. 3B). Ampulla wide, folded twice. Prostate moderate in size, consists of ca. 19-20 alveolar glands. Vas deferens short, relatively narrow, penial sheath elongate, relatively long, curved, conical penis (Fig. 2H). Vagina narrow, bent, moderate in length, distally expanded into vestibulum. Uterine (insemination) duct short. Bursa copulatrix large, irregularly spherical, stalked, small oval seminal receptaculum placed distally on vestibulum (Fig. 3B).</paragraph>
<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
Figure 3. Reproductive systems: A
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus arcticus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arcticus">Dendronotus arcticus</taxonomicName>
sp. n., holotype ZMMU Op-561 B
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n., paratype ZMMU Op-567. Abbreviations: am ampulla; bc bursa; fgm female gland mass; pr prostate; p penis; rs receptaculum semenis; u uterine duct; vd vas deferens; vg vagina. Drawings by Tatiana Korshunova. Scale bars 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="26" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
Inhabits stones and rocky bottom. Feeds on the hydroid
<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Abietinaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Abietinaria annulata" order="Leptothecata" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="annulata">Abietinaria annulata</taxonomicName>
(Kirchenpauer, 1884).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="26">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
The type specimens of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. originate from the NW Pacific, Kamchatka, Russia. According to the ceratal pattern, a specimen of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
recorded from cold waters of South Korea,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="37.116665">37°7'N</geoCoordinate>
, 129°E (
<bibRefCitation author="Koh, DB" journalOrPublisher="Australian Museum, Sydney" pageId="15" pageNumber="34" title="Dendronotusalbus-new record from Korea." url="10.1186/1742-9994-10-59" volumeTitle="Sea Slug Forum" year="2006">Koh 2006</bibRefCitation>
) is also likely to be
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n.; therefore, a very broad distribution of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. is expected in the NW Pacific, from the Commander Islands in the north to Korea in the south. According to the morphological data given in
<bibRefCitation author="Robilliard, GA" journalOrPublisher="Veliger" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" pagination="433 - 479" title="The systematics and some aspects of the ecology of the genus Dendronotus." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42516695" volume="12" year="1970">Robilliard (1970)</bibRefCitation>
and a detailed image by
<bibRefCitation author="Lloyd, M" journalOrPublisher="Australian Museum, Sydney" pageId="15" pageNumber="34" title="Dendronotusalbus from Vancouver Island." url="http://www.seaslugforum.net/find/20738" volumeTitle="Sea Slug Forum" year="2007">Lloyd (2007)</bibRefCitation>
clearly showing up to six pairs of dorsolateral appendages (three of them contain digestive gland branches), the range of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. in NE Pacific reaches at least British Columbia and Washington State (San Juan Island). Robilliard and Barr (1974) also presented a record of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
from Alaska without an image. Since Robilliard consistently misidentified
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
in his revision (1970) (see Discussion and Table 2), most probably the Alaskan record also belongs to the species
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. However, the majority of the records
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
from California and especially from Baja California (
<bibRefCitation author="Robilliard, GA" journalOrPublisher="Veliger" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" pagination="433 - 479" title="The systematics and some aspects of the ecology of the genus Dendronotus." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42516695" volume="12" year="1970">Robilliard 1970</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Behrens, DW" journalOrPublisher="Sea Challengers, California" pageId="14" pageNumber="33" title="Pacific coast nudibranchs, a guide to the opisthobranchs of the northeastern Pacific." year="1980">Behrens 1980</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Behrens, DW" journalOrPublisher="Sea Challengers, California" pageId="14" pageNumber="33" title="Pacific coast nudibranchs: a guide to the opisthobranchs, Alaska to Baja California. Second Edition." year="1991">1991</bibRefCitation>
) probably represent true
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
. The specimens of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n.) which were studied by
<bibRefCitation author="Robilliard, GA" journalOrPublisher="Veliger" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" pagination="433 - 479" title="The systematics and some aspects of the ecology of the genus Dendronotus." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42516695" volume="12" year="1970">Robilliard (1970)</bibRefCitation>
originated from San Juan Island, Washington State and Albert Head, British Columbia, whereas more southern records were listed according to the information from James Lance only (
<bibRefCitation author="Robilliard, GA" journalOrPublisher="Veliger" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" pagination="433 - 479" title="The systematics and some aspects of the ecology of the genus Dendronotus." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42516695" volume="12" year="1970">Robilliard 1970</bibRefCitation>
: 469;
<bibRefCitation author="Bertsch, H" journalOrPublisher="Veliger" pageId="14" pageNumber="33" pagination="302 - 314" title="Natural history and occurrence of opisthobranch gastropods from the open coast of San Mateo county, California." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42413483" volume="14" year="1972">Bertsch et al. 1972</bibRefCitation>
: 305). A selection of detailed images of several specimens of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
from the type locality of this species, Monterey Bay, California (
<bibRefCitation author="McDonald, GR" journalOrPublisher="California" pageId="15" pageNumber="34" title="Intertidal Invertebrates of the Monterey Bay Area" url="https://people.ucsc.edu/~mcduck/DreamWeaver/Mollusca/Nudibranchs/Dendronotus_albus/Dendronotus_albus.html" year="2016">McDonald 2016</bibRefCitation>
) showing only specimens with four to five pairs (the fifth pair if present is smaller) of dorsolateral appendages is in a full agreement with the first description of true
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
(MacFarland, 1966). Sandra Millen (pers. comm.) has distinguished
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
sensu Robilliard, 1970 from
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus diversicolor" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversicolor">Dendronotus diversicolor</taxonomicName>
(a synonym of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
, see Table 2) in the British Columbia region.
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus diversicolor" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversicolor">Dendronotus diversicolor</taxonomicName>
was also recorded without an illustration from British Columbia by
<bibRefCitation author="Lambert, P" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Zoology" pageId="15" pageNumber="34" pagination="293 - 300" title="Records and range extensions of some northeastern Pacific opisthobranchs (Mollusca: Gastropoda)." url="10.1139/z76-032" volume="54" year="1976">Lambert (1976)</bibRefCitation>
. A record of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus diversicolor" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversicolor">Dendronotus diversicolor</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation author="Millen, SV" journalOrPublisher="Veliger" pageId="15" pageNumber="34" pagination="64 - 68" title="Opisthobranch range extensions in Alaska with the first records of Cuthonaviridis (Forbes, 1840) from the Pacific." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/43053875" volume="32" year="1989">Millen (1989)</bibRefCitation>
from Alaska represents the northernmost range of true
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
since that specimen had four ceratal pairs plus a small bump, and digestive gland extending in to the two anterior pairs (S. Millen, pers. comm.).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
Table 2. Key diagnostic characters of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
MacFarland, 1966, its synonym
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus diversicolor" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversicolor">Dendronotus diversicolor</taxonomicName>
Robilliard, 1970,
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
sensu
<bibRefCitation author="Robilliard, GA" journalOrPublisher="Veliger" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" pagination="433 - 479" title="The systematics and some aspects of the ecology of the genus Dendronotus." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42516695" volume="12" year="1970">Robilliard 1970</bibRefCitation>
(=
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
), and
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<table pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
(based on the original description, MacFarland 1966)
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Dendronotus</taxonomicName>
&quot;
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">albus</taxonomicName>
&quot; (from Robilliard 1970)
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus diversicolor" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversicolor">Dendronotus diversicolor</taxonomicName>
(based on the original description, Robilliard 1970)
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus diversicolor" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversicolor">Dendronotus diversicolor</taxonomicName>
(from Ekimova et al. prepublication)
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Dendronotus</taxonomicName>
&quot;
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">albus</taxonomicName>
&quot; (from Ekimova et al. prepublication)
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (present study)
</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus diversicolor" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversicolor">Dendronotus diversicolor</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" rowspan="1">4</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="26">
<td colspan="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="26" rowspan="1">4B</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="27">
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="27" start="start">Both</pageBreakToken>
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. and true
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
evidently may co-occur in some localities around at least the British Columbia/Washington waters.
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
was recently recorded and illustrated from the Salish Sea (Washington) by
<bibRefCitation author="Fletcher, K" journalOrPublisher="The Dredgings, Newsletter of the Pacific Northwest Shell Club" pageId="14" pageNumber="33" pagination="3 - 4" title="The Nudibranchs of the Salish Sea." url="http://www.bily.com/pnwsc/web-content/Articles/The%20Nudibranchs%20of%20the%20Salish%20Sea.pdf" volume="53" year="2013">Fletcher (2013)</bibRefCitation>
, geographically thus very close to San Juan Island, the type locality of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus diversicolor" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversicolor">Dendronotus diversicolor</taxonomicName>
, and from where also
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Dendronotus</taxonomicName>
&quot;
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">albus</taxonomicName>
&quot; (=
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n.) was already reported by
<bibRefCitation author="Robilliard, GA" journalOrPublisher="Veliger" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" pagination="433 - 479" title="The systematics and some aspects of the ecology of the genus Dendronotus." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42516695" volume="12" year="1970">Robilliard (1970)</bibRefCitation>
. Thus
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. appears to be a boreal species widely distributed in the northern Pacific and adapted for lower temperatures compared to
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
. The latter species is mostly likely distributed in the NE Pacific from British Columbia southwards potentially to Baja California, in warmer temperature conditions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="27" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="27">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="27">
There is a significant genetic gap between
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. and the morphologically similar
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
(13.6-14.5% for COI gene, 2.3-2.5% for 16S gene) (Fig. 5). According to
<bibRefCitation author="Carmona, l" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="14" pageNumber="33" title="A tale that morphology fails to tell: a molecular phylogeny of Aeolidiidae (Aeolidida, Nudibranchia, Gastropoda)." url="10.1371/journal.pone.0063000" volume="8" year="2013">Carmona et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
such values can be considered as species- and genus-
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘level’">'level'</normalizedToken>
differences in the nudibranch molluscs.
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. is also distinguished morphologically from the true
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
MacFarland, 1966.
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
(including its synonym
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus diversicolor" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversicolor">Dendronotus diversicolor</taxonomicName>
) has only 4-5 pairs of dorsolateral appendages and the digestive gland penetrates only the two anteriormost pairs of the dorsolateral appendages (see also Discussion).
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. has 5-9 pairs of dorsolateral appendages and the digestive gland penetrates at least 3-4 pairs of the dorsolateral appendages. In his redescription of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Robilliard, GA" journalOrPublisher="Veliger" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" pagination="433 - 479" title="The systematics and some aspects of the ecology of the genus Dendronotus." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42516695" volume="12" year="1970">Robilliard (1970)</bibRefCitation>
misidentified this species, as did Ekimova et al. (prepublication):
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
sensu
<bibRefCitation author="Robilliard, GA" journalOrPublisher="Veliger" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" pagination="433 - 479" title="The systematics and some aspects of the ecology of the genus Dendronotus." url="http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/42516695" volume="12" year="1970">Robilliard (1970)</bibRefCitation>
shares a larger number of pairs of dorsolateral appendages with
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. and not with
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus albus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albus">Dendronotus albus</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus diversicolor" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="diversicolor">Dendronotus diversicolor</taxonomicName>
) and can be referred to this new species. Table 2 outlines the differences between these two species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. differs both morphologically and according to the genetic distances from its sympatric species
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus dalli" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dalli">Dendronotus dalli</taxonomicName>
(range 12.0-14.0% for COI, and 2.7-3.2 % for 16S),
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus kalikal" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kalikal">Dendronotus kalikal</taxonomicName>
(range 10.8-12.1% for COI, and 3.2 - 3.4% for 16S), and
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus kamchaticus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kamchaticus">Dendronotus kamchaticus</taxonomicName>
(range 12.5-13.7% for COI, and 2.8-3.2% for 16S). Another NW Pacific species,
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus primorjensis" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="primorjensis">Dendronotus primorjensis</taxonomicName>
, also differs from
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. by external morphology, radular and reproductive features, and by p-distances (range 12.2-13.6% for COI, and 3.2-3.7% for 16S). Minimum interspecific distances of the COI marker separate
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus robilliardi" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="robilliardi">Dendronotus robilliardi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. from other species with high genetic divergences: 13.0% from
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus dalli" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dalli">Dendronotus dalli</taxonomicName>
, 11.5% from
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus kalikal" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kalikal">Dendronotus kalikal</taxonomicName>
, 12.9% from
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus kamchaticus" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="kamchaticus">Dendronotus kamchaticus</taxonomicName>
, and 12.8% from
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Dendronotidae" genus="Dendronotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendronotus primorjensis" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="8" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="primorjensis">Dendronotus primorjensis</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink