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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1016.55071" ID-GBIF-Dataset="16e49379-c3df-4587-85a4-5f8b083cb79c" ID-PMC="PMC7892531" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1016-49" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A0E84531AFDD55CE83CE1920DE511C0B" ID-PubMed="33628078" ID-ZooBank="E25A831ECDAB40609B5F17C22EB3EFC4" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1016-49" checkinTime="1613177956461" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gonzalez-Vallejo, Norma Emilia &amp; Amador-Carrillo, Stephanie" docDate="2021" docId="F912BFF9389452F584A0096AFAE50E97" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1016: 49-61" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1016" docPubDate="2021-02-11" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1016.55071" docTitle="Megadenus holothuricola Rosen 1910" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="A0E84531AFDD55CE83CE1920DE511C0B" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="A0E84531AFDD55CE83CE1920DE511C0B" masterDocTitle="Assessment of Megadenus holothuricola Rosen, 1910 (Eulimidae), an endoparasite of Holothuria mexicana Ludwig, 1875 (Holothuriidae) in the southern Gulf of Mexico and the description a new species" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="49" updateTime="1732482122434" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="5C125E24235EAFD19AC351DD56800002">Assessment of Megadenus holothuricola Rosen, 1910 (Eulimidae), an endoparasite of Holothuria mexicana Ludwig, 1875 (Holothuriidae) in the southern Gulf of Mexico and the description a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="079C33D527453B95F458E3509483A792">Gonzalez-Vallejo, Norma Emilia</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FF966363DF79BC3B932677DEFDCB5B6A">El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Depto. Sistematica y Ecologia Acuatica, Av. Centenario km. 5.5 Chetumal, Quintana Roo, CP. 77014, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9B64464715BC8E993FED479240A8E9A6">Amador-Carrillo, Stephanie</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B50CF238B31537A9E67EA5F16CFB8230">El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Depto. Sistematica y Ecologia Acuatica, Av. Centenario km. 5.5 Chetumal, Quintana Roo, CP. 77014, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="F912BFF9389452F584A0096AFAE50E97" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177383284" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F912BFF9389452F584A0096AFAE50E97" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F912BFF9389452F584A0096AFAE50E97" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" scope_class="Gastropoda" scope_family="Eulimidae">
<subSubSection id="B69F343E4EB7225AEE388DCC1CBD7811" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="32FA3695B96AEB1033FDBFDD5491B2D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="2721C27E0BEC2C78C715E38F5241F5F2" ID-CoL="3YTFH" LSID="F912BFF9-3894-52F5-84A0-096AFAE50E97" authority="Rosen, 1910" authorityName="Rosen" authorityYear="1910" class="Gastropoda" family="Eulimidae" genus="Megadenus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megadenus holothuricola" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="holothuricola">
Megadenus holothuricola
<normalizedToken id="DB749C8C278C9B7752007544664B8727" originalValue="Rosén">Rosen</normalizedToken>
, 1910
</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="FC67FCA60FF1269B92A01788F6EA2F38" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Megadenus holothuricola Rosen, 1910 A two adults between filaments of the respiratory tree B, C detached adult shells, SL = 5.5 mm and 4.5 mm; right side juvenile attached SL = 1.0 mm D broken adult shell SL = 2.5 mm E subadult SL = 2.0 mm with everted proboscis L = 2.5 mm. Scale bars: 1.6 mm (A); 1.8 mm (B); 1.4 mm (C); 0.2 mm (D); 1.1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1016.55071.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/507831" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Figs 1A-E</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="403A788C5007053C6841D98BCBB45990" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Megadenus holothuricola Rosen, 1910 A adults immersed in the main tube of the respiratory tree B, C two adults showing the mottled skin of the respiratory tree and the pseudopallium covering shell; proboscis slightly rolled, and another adult stretched to the maximum D cephalic view, 40 x E two egg capsules, L = 2 mm F view of the distal part of an adult proboscis. Scale bars: 1.2 mm (A); 2.3 mm (B); 1.65 mm (C); 0.8 mm (D); 0.6 mm (E); 0.5 mm (F). Abbreviations: e: eyes; eg: egg capsules; p: proboscis; pg: pedal gland; pp: pseudopallium; rt: respiratory tree; s: shell; t: tentacle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1016.55071.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/507832" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">, 2A-F</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="29A21BDBDA8E9B47CCAE849C30C51EE0" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="09D17609C74F8781405F0A53846F46B6" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="C7BCAD7E999C8D6118D8DCE667E47B8C" authorityName="Rosen" authorityYear="1910" class="Gastropoda" family="Eulimidae" genus="Megadenus" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Megadenus holothuricola" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="holothuricola">Megadenus holothuricola</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="6A337D6E34DAE65782225759D5CE9351" originalValue="Rosén">Rosen</normalizedToken>
, 1910:18-49 pl. 1 figs 1, 2 (type locality: Bahamas Islands; Type material lost).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EA0029E96D5DE719DDF6F4A6E0CBF1BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="02D759BA0065F7CC4014307931688BEB" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BB0B182CB4990F8368661E9541F6130A" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">four adult specimens ECOSUR-1386, two juveniles ECOSUR-1387 from Lerma, Campeche Bay, Gulf of Mexico.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F5AA75A9435C31B50DFB401C982D27F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8A62F3B86772862FD317E9EDB31F5E57" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="90FE5915141FFC204C7A37735DFACA0D" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Bahamas and Lerma, Campeche, Mexico.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FD9A02C1607F3AA2297957AFB7F7FA03" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="description">
<paragraph id="7DCEE35F9F9AFA0CFE36F06B301F9787" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9B41816DEBF132B2499626BF25C6064B" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="844F0C0CC38DC6E530BBD75358DBEE8A" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Shell</emphasis>
conical to globose, translucent, thin, fragile, sculpture consists of fine striations and growth scars from earlier positions of outer lip, two or three in random position per whorl. Adult size 4.0-5.5 mm long and 2.5-3.5 mm wide range (N = 6) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FCBE59A95A75BA17829207DEA03E1A3D" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Megadenus holothuricola Rosen, 1910 A two adults between filaments of the respiratory tree B, C detached adult shells, SL = 5.5 mm and 4.5 mm; right side juvenile attached SL = 1.0 mm D broken adult shell SL = 2.5 mm E subadult SL = 2.0 mm with everted proboscis L = 2.5 mm. Scale bars: 1.6 mm (A); 1.8 mm (B); 1.4 mm (C); 0.2 mm (D); 1.1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1016.55071.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/507831" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">1B, C</figureCitation>
); teleoconch 4-6 very convex whorls, body whorl comprising more than 50% of the total shell length, posterior whorls reduced in size, sutures well defined aperture broad, inner lip broken, rounded basally; outer lip thin, slightly convex in lateral view, no operculum or periostracum; protoconch mucronate,
<normalizedToken id="A4682F2FE6E33E4B00CD6644474FAC4C" originalValue="1½">11/2</normalizedToken>
whorls, translucent, rounded apex; sub-adults shell globose, low spiral,
<normalizedToken id="0CF533702A5859D58B15D2ECB0AC6731" originalValue="2½">21/2</normalizedToken>
whorls, 1.0-2.0 mm long, 1.0 mm wide; body whorl half as long as body and more globose than in adults.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="645D95CB5FCBDE2F7EC63583C38A09CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="4EB01EE6A3A9FDFE9C1EDF8C676DBB95" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Body</emphasis>
fully retractable into shell, mantle light cream-colored, pseudopallium whitish to light yellow in color; short and rounded tentacles, eyes round, black at the base of each tentacle (Fig.
<figureCitation id="27EE72E5188B7722D4394A915F4D33AD" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Megadenus holothuricola Rosen, 1910 A adults immersed in the main tube of the respiratory tree B, C two adults showing the mottled skin of the respiratory tree and the pseudopallium covering shell; proboscis slightly rolled, and another adult stretched to the maximum D cephalic view, 40 x E two egg capsules, L = 2 mm F view of the distal part of an adult proboscis. Scale bars: 1.2 mm (A); 2.3 mm (B); 1.65 mm (C); 0.8 mm (D); 0.6 mm (E); 0.5 mm (F). Abbreviations: e: eyes; eg: egg capsules; p: proboscis; pg: pedal gland; pp: pseudopallium; rt: respiratory tree; s: shell; t: tentacle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1016.55071.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/507832" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2D</figureCitation>
); foot reduced with a huge marginal gland of unknown function in dorsal position. The anterior region has two structures arising next to the mantle, the pseudopallium surrounding and partially covering the shell forming an extensive fold with pleated edges, and the proboscis. Epithelium fused with the holothurian respiratory tree; proboscis only partially fused with a part of the pseudopallium and foot, protruding from pseudopallium folds; in juveniles, pseudopallium covering lateral areas, leaving the apical teleoconch exposed; in 1 mm long juveniles, a small fold distinguishable (Figs
<figureCitation id="129C09322880D4ABFA49F1DE27C6B9FC" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Megadenus holothuricola Rosen, 1910 A two adults between filaments of the respiratory tree B, C detached adult shells, SL = 5.5 mm and 4.5 mm; right side juvenile attached SL = 1.0 mm D broken adult shell SL = 2.5 mm E subadult SL = 2.0 mm with everted proboscis L = 2.5 mm. Scale bars: 1.6 mm (A); 1.8 mm (B); 1.4 mm (C); 0.2 mm (D); 1.1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1016.55071.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/507831" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">1E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="53C419BB3FE538C87997502E7B909CB6" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Megadenus holothuricola Rosen, 1910 A adults immersed in the main tube of the respiratory tree B, C two adults showing the mottled skin of the respiratory tree and the pseudopallium covering shell; proboscis slightly rolled, and another adult stretched to the maximum D cephalic view, 40 x E two egg capsules, L = 2 mm F view of the distal part of an adult proboscis. Scale bars: 1.2 mm (A); 2.3 mm (B); 1.65 mm (C); 0.8 mm (D); 0.6 mm (E); 0.5 mm (F). Abbreviations: e: eyes; eg: egg capsules; p: proboscis; pg: pedal gland; pp: pseudopallium; rt: respiratory tree; s: shell; t: tentacle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1016.55071.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/507832" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8D726917F7280D9B4C7257570AE9A9C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="5BD9BD85B36A8D305FD83D96DF0BAB82" authorityName="Thieme" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Proboscis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proboscis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5BE9D22A506F83DE79ECA37703251E7D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Proboscis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
funnel-shaped, forming a flexible, semi-transparent or white non-retractable tube (Fig.
<figureCitation id="AFBFD6D5B87187FBE094467F889073A1" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Megadenus holothuricola Rosen, 1910 A adults immersed in the main tube of the respiratory tree B, C two adults showing the mottled skin of the respiratory tree and the pseudopallium covering shell; proboscis slightly rolled, and another adult stretched to the maximum D cephalic view, 40 x E two egg capsules, L = 2 mm F view of the distal part of an adult proboscis. Scale bars: 1.2 mm (A); 2.3 mm (B); 1.65 mm (C); 0.8 mm (D); 0.6 mm (E); 0.5 mm (F). Abbreviations: e: eyes; eg: egg capsules; p: proboscis; pg: pedal gland; pp: pseudopallium; rt: respiratory tree; s: shell; t: tentacle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1016.55071.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/507832" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2C</figureCitation>
); inside is a series of long and circular muscular packs giving it an elastic morphology and a rough outer cuticular surface; on the distal part is a series of papillae, allowing it to adhere like a suction cup to the epidermis of the
<normalizedToken id="45A83B0574275F09D5FC341CC6F76DE3" originalValue="hosts">host's</normalizedToken>
respiratory tree (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E50B9A4DDC45932CD645F793B3AE7B76" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Megadenus holothuricola Rosen, 1910 A adults immersed in the main tube of the respiratory tree B, C two adults showing the mottled skin of the respiratory tree and the pseudopallium covering shell; proboscis slightly rolled, and another adult stretched to the maximum D cephalic view, 40 x E two egg capsules, L = 2 mm F view of the distal part of an adult proboscis. Scale bars: 1.2 mm (A); 2.3 mm (B); 1.65 mm (C); 0.8 mm (D); 0.6 mm (E); 0.5 mm (F). Abbreviations: e: eyes; eg: egg capsules; p: proboscis; pg: pedal gland; pp: pseudopallium; rt: respiratory tree; s: shell; t: tentacle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1016.55071.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/507832" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2F</figureCitation>
). The proboscis size varies with total shell size: in adults, it is 3
<normalizedToken id="ADA658C19ECAE4083FBFCA0480F60FB8" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than the shell, 7.0 mm stretched to the maximum, in sub-adults or juveniles the proboscis is smaller and smoother (Fig.
<figureCitation id="67DEAE240B5DB1CD7263D11337E79956" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Megadenus holothuricola Rosen, 1910 A adults immersed in the main tube of the respiratory tree B, C two adults showing the mottled skin of the respiratory tree and the pseudopallium covering shell; proboscis slightly rolled, and another adult stretched to the maximum D cephalic view, 40 x E two egg capsules, L = 2 mm F view of the distal part of an adult proboscis. Scale bars: 1.2 mm (A); 2.3 mm (B); 1.65 mm (C); 0.8 mm (D); 0.6 mm (E); 0.5 mm (F). Abbreviations: e: eyes; eg: egg capsules; p: proboscis; pg: pedal gland; pp: pseudopallium; rt: respiratory tree; s: shell; t: tentacle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1016.55071.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/507832" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2B, C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B1299151972D17B047EC7B22831CE1DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="variation">
<paragraph id="A97BDD0CBD5B5CBEA4CE2FC03430F68F" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Variations.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="260D51D6352D0B4214EE8320B414C7F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
The larval shell shows some intraspecific variations in adults. It is glassy, low, and rounded to mucronate. This seems to be related to the protection of the pseudopallium when it is immersed inside the respiratory tube. The juvenile develops the pseudopallium relatively early, when it has 1.5 whorls, and protects the shell from this stage onwards; at the same time, it is attached to an area of the
<normalizedToken id="3B1123446BC96D2D7A197B02F584F1F6" originalValue="hosts">host's</normalizedToken>
skin respiratory tree (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6652E969F21E34FC339AE68F65D6FE13" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Megadenus holothuricola Rosen, 1910 A two adults between filaments of the respiratory tree B, C detached adult shells, SL = 5.5 mm and 4.5 mm; right side juvenile attached SL = 1.0 mm D broken adult shell SL = 2.5 mm E subadult SL = 2.0 mm with everted proboscis L = 2.5 mm. Scale bars: 1.6 mm (A); 1.8 mm (B); 1.4 mm (C); 0.2 mm (D); 1.1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1016.55071.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/507831" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">1C, E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7BF9F59283DEBF242281247CD8125EAE" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="138D8B4E82373EA30D867FA58C5F067F" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E83658A701A24F2AFAEEB27D1BA92F7F" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
Inside the posterior whorls of the shell, all adults and subadults presented pink oocytes or germinal cells. Two oval-shaped egg capsules were found situated between the shell and the pseudopallial folds, in one specimen (Fig.
<figureCitation id="49398B23238F48F9C7D2C73EB8938BD5" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Megadenus holothuricola Rosen, 1910 A adults immersed in the main tube of the respiratory tree B, C two adults showing the mottled skin of the respiratory tree and the pseudopallium covering shell; proboscis slightly rolled, and another adult stretched to the maximum D cephalic view, 40 x E two egg capsules, L = 2 mm F view of the distal part of an adult proboscis. Scale bars: 1.2 mm (A); 2.3 mm (B); 1.65 mm (C); 0.8 mm (D); 0.6 mm (E); 0.5 mm (F). Abbreviations: e: eyes; eg: egg capsules; p: proboscis; pg: pedal gland; pp: pseudopallium; rt: respiratory tree; s: shell; t: tentacle." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1016.55071.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/507832" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">2A, E</figureCitation>
). Each capsule was transparent, 1.5 mm long
<normalizedToken id="955F8335594C8A89D7F755EF3FAE4169" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.0 mm wide, with 25-30 embryos in each. A juvenile was found strongly attached to the skin layer of the respiratory tube of the host, in the anterior area close to an adult eulimid (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7C339BC573911A7698D7A457533AF20D" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Megadenus holothuricola Rosen, 1910 A two adults between filaments of the respiratory tree B, C detached adult shells, SL = 5.5 mm and 4.5 mm; right side juvenile attached SL = 1.0 mm D broken adult shell SL = 2.5 mm E subadult SL = 2.0 mm with everted proboscis L = 2.5 mm. Scale bars: 1.6 mm (A); 1.8 mm (B); 1.4 mm (C); 0.2 mm (D); 1.1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1016.55071.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/507831" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">1C</figureCitation>
). Shells were difficult to preserve complete due to their fragility.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7347ACFBE90BD3ED37823414EC1034A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">
<bibRefCitation id="429FA5F41309250BCCC041B2F59A8403" author="Rosen, N" journalOrPublisher="Lunds Universitets Arsskrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 67" refId="B17" refString="Rosen, N, 1910. Zur Kenntnis der parasitischen Schnecken. Lunds Universitets Arsskrift 6 (4): 1 - 67" title="Zur Kenntnis der parasitischen Schnecken." volume="6" year="1910">
<normalizedToken id="F21152D1F1AD8F90E9890147ACABF389" originalValue="Rosén">Rosen</normalizedToken>
(1910)
</bibRefCitation>
illustrated an adult and its coiled proboscis. His figures 1 and 2, show an adult with the pseudopallium at the top, and the proboscis of another adult separated from the respiratory tree tube. Our results are similar. The shape and sculpture of our shells correspond to
<normalizedToken id="F9B902C1B954A10AD9B041E71A203AEA" originalValue="Roséns">Rosen's</normalizedToken>
original description; that is, a conical shape in pre-adults to globose shell, wider in the body whorl, two posterior smaller whorls, and with fine axial striations and continuous incremental growth lines in adults. The shells of
<taxonomicName id="2391FB1E83E73F2D55DABB1D459AAFEF" lsidName="M. catharelloides" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="catharelloides">
<emphasis id="FD0B5E242A4FA4F929688144FF42A7AF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">M. catharelloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="7A59E66C877E5DAF917E7F847F059B2D" lsidName="M. voeltzkowi" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="voeltzkowi">
<emphasis id="C0A6BA53E604FB44CDCF5C60F0D7E764" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">M. voeltzkowi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were described and illustrated, but subsequently destroyed to make histological cuts. In
<taxonomicName id="C48CCE65BB70D59F97093B7A99BE6583" lsidName="M. holothuricola" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="holothuricola">
<emphasis id="5E452FAB5A9584503BA4EB976D73F421" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">M. holothuricola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
there are no shells preserved as type material, hindering a better comparison, as noted by
<bibRefCitation id="C56B7E4F48741ED811BE3BDC18CA5238" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/49.Supplement_13.1" author="Waren, A" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Molluscan Studies, Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 96" refId="B22" refString="Waren, A, 1984. A generic revision of the family Eulimidae (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia). Journal of Molluscan Studies, Supplement 13: 1 - 96, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/49.Supplement_13.1" title="A generic revision of the family Eulimidae (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia)." url="https://doi.org/10.1093/mollus/49.Supplement_13.1" volume="13" year="1984">
<normalizedToken id="07852F8F65607EA09022AF3A153A4FF2" originalValue="Warén">Waren</normalizedToken>
(1984)
</bibRefCitation>
. However, shell shape of the pre-adults or juveniles of
<taxonomicName id="3DF1B64B7C2FF51184B4165F377F48AA" lsidName="M. holothuricola" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="species" species="holothuricola">
<emphasis id="A81DF0E965D87F34DC6B0610BF1AB487" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">M. holothuricola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resemble adults of
<taxonomicName id="66DC36293B69E46A69BA517699E5AE8E" baseAuthorityName="Olsson &amp; McGinty" baseAuthorityYear="1958" class="Gastropoda" family="Eulimidae" genus="Monogamus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Monogamus minibulla" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="minibulla">
<emphasis id="5422F555DD4FA9972A8F9A6265226BA4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Monogamus minibulla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Olsson &amp; McGinty, 1958 or juvenile specimens of
<taxonomicName id="204B2854EC3D6235EDB256DC059AC5EA" genus="Pelseeneria" lsidName="Pelseeneria" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="290275C479754E3956AAEB8085327B13" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="49">Pelseeneria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Koehler &amp; Vaney, 1908). Therefore, the morphological comparison of shells can be misleading, although these genera parasitize sea urchins (
<bibRefCitation id="7B729A42F38BB7059618597F73B8C52E" author="Gonzalez Vallejo, NE" journalOrPublisher="The Nautilus" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="178 - 181" refId="B11" refString="Gonzalez Vallejo, NE, 2008. Parasitism of Monogamus minibulla (Olsson &amp; McGinty, 1958) (Gastropoda: Eulimidae) on the red sea-urchin Echinometra lucunter (Linnaeus, 1758) (Echinodermata: Echinometridae) on the Caribbean coast of Mexico. The Nautilus 122 (3): 178 - 181" title="Parasitism of Monogamus minibulla (Olsson &amp; McGinty, 1958) (Gastropoda: Eulimidae) on the red sea-urchin Echinometra lucunter (Linnaeus, 1758) (Echinodermata: Echinometridae) on the Caribbean coast of Mexico." volume="122" year="2008">
<normalizedToken id="69C4724213D9FEA8F3D8BE13FD9C140A" originalValue="González-Vallejo">Gonzalez-Vallejo</normalizedToken>
2008
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="61AAF561EC6EF92E0C91F55CCBA2B3D6" author="Delongeville, C" journalOrPublisher="Xenophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="49" pagination="45 - 53" publicationUrl="https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/45440342.pdf" refId="B9" refString="Delongeville, C, Scaillet, R, Swinnen, F, 2011. Le genre Pelseneeria Koehler &amp; Vaney, 1908 (Eulimidae) dans les eaux de la Peninsule Iberique. Xenophora 136: 45 - 53, https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/45440342.pdf" title="Le genre Pelseneeria Koehler &amp; Vaney, 1908 (Eulimidae) dans les eaux de la Peninsule Iberique." url="https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/45440342.pdf" volume="136" year="2011">Delongeville et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>